This study finds that excess health care cost growth is negatively affecting the performance of U.S. industries.  The authors found that, in 2005, excess health care cost growth cost $28 million in lost gross output, and $14 million in lost value added. 

Sood, N., Ghosh, A., Escarce, J. (2009). Employer-sponsored insurance, health care cost growth, and the economic performance of U.S. industries. Health Services Research, 44(5 Pt 1): 1449-64. DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-6773.2009.00985.x. http://www.hsr.org/hsr/abstract.jsp?aid=594371976 

Authors: Neeraj Sood, Arkadipta Ghosh, José J. Escarce