This study examined substance abuse prevention efforts in schools, finding significant prevention effects for cigarette smoking, marijuana use, and immoderate alcohol use. Prevention effects were also found for normative expectations and knowledge concerning substance use, interpersonal skills, and communication skills.  The study also found that individuals receiving at least a minimally complete version of the prevention program (60% or more) had significantly lower levels of substance use at the end of the ninth grade than did control subjects.

Botvin, G.J., Baker, E., Dusenbury, L., Tortu, S., & Botvin, E.M. (1990). Preventing adolescent drug abuse through a multimodal cognitive-behavioral approach: results of a 3-year study (PDF | 1.1 MB)    . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 58: 437-446. 

Authors: Gilbert J. Botvin, Eli Baker, Linda Dusenbury, Stephanie Tortu, and Elizabeth M. Botvin