In this article, the Commonwealth Fund explores the concept of a Patient-Centered Medical Home and its effect on the efficiency and cost of care.

From the report:

With the goal of improving the quality of care and strengthening the primary care workforce, pilot projects are being launched across the United States to establish patient-centered medical homes (PCMHs). Payers and policymakers, driven by the need to improve efficiency and reduce health care costs, are eagerly supporting such initiatives. Yet, the ability of the PCMH to achieve all these goals remains unproven. As pilots multiply, it will be increasingly important to have standard and explicit benchmarks in place to evaluate the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of PCMH models.

Full Report: Will the Patient-Centered Medical Home Improve Efficiency and Reduce Costs of Care? A Measurement and Research Agenda (PDF) 

Commonwealth Fund. (2010). Will the patient-centered medical home improve efficiency and reduce costs of care? A measurement and research agenda. Rosenthal, M., Beckman, H., Dauser Forrest, D., Huang, E., Landon, B., and Lewis, S.