National Survey on Drug Use and Health:
Comparison of 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 Model-Based Prevalence Estimates
(50 States and the District of Columbia)

140915
Table 1 – Illicit Drug Use in the Past Month, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2011-2012)
12+
(2012-2013)
12+
(P Value)
12-17
(2011-2012)
12-17
(2012-2013)
12-17
(P Value)
18-25
(2011-2012)
18-25
(2012-2013)
18-25
(P Value)
26+
(2011-2012)
26+
(2012-2013)
26+
(P Value)
18+
(2011-2012)
18+
(2012-2013)
18+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2011-2012 and the 2012-2013 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
NOTE: Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically, including data from original methamphetamine questions but not including new methamphetamine items added in 2005 and 2006.
a Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011, 2012, and 2013.
Total U.S. 8.95a 9.27 0.017 9.82a 9.18 0.001 21.39 21.44 0.861 6.69a 7.19 0.002 8.85a 9.28 0.004
Northeast 9.39 9.58 0.384 9.90b 9.31 0.068 23.59 23.57 0.962 6.95 7.28 0.215 9.34 9.61 0.264
Midwest 8.67 8.84 0.339 9.46a 8.86 0.013 20.74 20.90 0.689 6.51 6.78 0.200 8.59 8.83 0.188
South 7.64a 8.00 0.031 9.06a 8.51 0.021 19.01 19.04 0.933 5.51a 6.05 0.007 7.49a 7.95 0.012
West 10.93a 11.45 0.047 11.26a 10.42 0.036 23.97 24.02 0.921 8.55a 9.33 0.017 10.90a 11.56 0.021
Alabama 7.72 7.57 0.739 8.99b 7.75 0.099 17.51 17.47 0.973 5.85 5.83 0.976 7.58 7.55 0.941
Alaska 14.03 12.93 0.171 10.69 9.70 0.387 26.52a 23.38 0.043 12.17 11.40 0.441 14.42 13.30 0.206
Arizona 9.57 10.44 0.156 11.44 11.05 0.707 20.67 22.10 0.359 7.39 8.32 0.195 9.36 10.37 0.133
Arkansas 7.55 7.99 0.388 9.18 8.84 0.694 17.56 17.31 0.838 5.64 6.29 0.279 7.37 7.89 0.348
California 11.00 11.17 0.661 11.18a 9.80 0.023 24.35 24.12 0.787 8.48 8.94 0.340 10.98 11.32 0.423
Colorado 12.24a 14.90 0.001 13.17 14.41 0.321 29.75 31.89 0.230 9.18a 12.09 0.004 12.15a 14.95 0.002
Connecticut 9.58 9.93 0.504 10.34 9.95 0.679 25.68 25.39 0.852 6.97 7.48 0.404 9.50 9.93 0.457
Delaware 9.36 9.59 0.668 11.79 10.77 0.314 23.09 23.16 0.963 6.74 7.15 0.499 9.12 9.47 0.541
District of Columbia 13.51a 15.17 0.046 12.59 13.30 0.540 26.97 27.57 0.721 10.42a 12.53 0.035 13.57b 15.28 0.052
Florida 8.32 8.63 0.362 9.10 9.42 0.521 21.25 21.85 0.481 6.27 6.56 0.479 8.24 8.55 0.406
Georgia 7.43a 9.53 0.000 9.66 9.46 0.819 18.52 20.15 0.220 5.14a 7.64 0.000 7.17a 9.54 0.000
Hawaii 9.71 10.30 0.387 11.64 10.90 0.509 22.20 22.78 0.716 7.56 8.28 0.376 9.53 10.24 0.332
Idaho 7.17 6.84 0.468 9.00b 7.56 0.056 16.34 16.03 0.793 5.27 5.13 0.810 6.95 6.76 0.704
Illinois 8.73 8.73 0.986 8.73 8.14 0.232 22.33 22.28 0.944 6.42 6.52 0.791 8.73 8.80 0.844
Indiana 8.50 7.94 0.244 8.90 7.89 0.202 20.46 19.94 0.705 6.32 5.81 0.363 8.45 7.94 0.337
Iowa 7.45 7.34 0.805 8.53 7.86 0.420 18.95 18.51 0.727 5.28 5.31 0.963 7.34 7.29 0.920
Kansas 5.43 6.02 0.161 7.27 6.69 0.436 13.54 14.70 0.344 3.72 4.36 0.197 5.23 5.95 0.122
Kentucky 7.21 7.25 0.926 7.89 6.96 0.227 19.13 18.81 0.791 5.16 5.38 0.683 7.14 7.28 0.773
Louisiana 6.96b 7.84 0.057 7.55 8.42 0.258 16.08 17.33 0.295 5.20 6.04 0.124 6.90b 7.78 0.081
Maine 9.95a 11.33 0.040 10.81 11.14 0.731 24.28 26.22 0.203 7.82b 9.26 0.073 9.87a 11.34 0.045
Maryland 7.30a 8.93 0.000 9.13 9.58 0.604 19.22a 22.36 0.019 5.10a 6.65 0.004 7.11a 8.87 0.000
Massachusetts 10.94 11.57 0.318 12.29b 10.56 0.088 27.24 28.71 0.375 7.91 8.68 0.314 10.80 11.67 0.221
Michigan 10.89 11.45 0.154 11.67 11.40 0.638 23.76 23.84 0.927 8.58 9.32 0.129 10.81 11.46 0.135
Minnesota 8.27 7.63 0.169 9.40b 7.83 0.072 19.18 18.53 0.632 6.35 5.82 0.342 8.16 7.60 0.287
Mississippi 7.78 7.26 0.280 9.17 7.87 0.137 18.08 17.61 0.706 5.70 5.29 0.471 7.62 7.20 0.422
Missouri 7.46a 8.87 0.006 9.59 9.46 0.882 19.41a 22.42 0.038 5.17a 6.50 0.022 7.24a 8.81 0.005
Montana 11.54 11.13 0.521 11.98 10.39 0.118 28.10a 24.50 0.014 8.80 9.03 0.764 11.50 11.20 0.666
Nebraska 6.72 6.79 0.857 8.16 7.96 0.795 16.76 17.12 0.756 4.78 4.83 0.911 6.57 6.67 0.819
Nevada 11.07 10.78 0.689 11.19 10.22 0.336 23.14 21.56 0.314 9.11 9.13 0.983 11.05 10.84 0.788
New Hampshire 10.34 11.28 0.104 11.74 11.77 0.973 28.78 29.84 0.490 7.29 8.32 0.131 10.20 11.23 0.101
New Jersey 7.99 7.40 0.230 9.20a 7.14 0.018 22.89a 19.76 0.018 5.60 5.57 0.960 7.86 7.43 0.419
New Mexico 11.28 10.65 0.387 13.51 12.36 0.271 24.45 22.21 0.148 8.71 8.41 0.737 11.04 10.46 0.472
New York 9.73 9.93 0.585 9.37 9.63 0.618 23.56 22.98 0.485 7.34 7.69 0.438 9.77 9.96 0.630
North Carolina 7.85 7.54 0.493 9.65 8.74 0.303 21.59a 18.80 0.039 5.37 5.51 0.785 7.66 7.41 0.615
North Dakota 6.25 6.50 0.574 6.75 6.08 0.378 16.02 15.63 0.723 4.12 4.55 0.405 6.20 6.54 0.489
Ohio 9.53 9.73 0.559 9.83 9.22 0.238 22.06 21.67 0.621 7.42 7.82 0.340 9.50 9.78 0.446
Oklahoma 8.36 7.71 0.223 9.24a 7.45 0.039 17.60 18.55 0.440 6.59 5.80 0.226 8.26 7.74 0.371
Oregon 13.86 13.92 0.938 11.73 12.34 0.584 27.79 25.63 0.167 11.89 12.26 0.717 14.07 14.08 0.992
Pennsylvania 8.05 8.38 0.333 8.89 8.47 0.414 19.58a 21.60 0.016 6.02 6.18 0.709 7.97 8.37 0.282
Rhode Island 15.61 15.76 0.855 15.16 15.12 0.977 32.88 31.77 0.517 12.33 12.75 0.666 15.66 15.82 0.852
South Carolina 8.90 8.82 0.884 10.16 10.41 0.787 21.31 21.29 0.988 6.64 6.51 0.838 8.77 8.67 0.849
South Dakota 7.01b 6.17 0.081 7.67b 6.17 0.057 14.87 13.79 0.344 5.57 4.84 0.196 6.94 6.17 0.140
Tennessee 7.13 7.16 0.942 8.46 8.23 0.778 18.03 17.65 0.762 5.17 5.31 0.811 6.99 7.05 0.904
Texas 7.05 7.17 0.668 8.97a 7.81 0.021 16.91 16.57 0.647 4.91 5.31 0.250 6.82 7.10 0.377
Utah 6.01a 6.98 0.020 6.73 7.33 0.435 13.05 14.20 0.279 4.25a 5.26 0.048 5.91a 6.93 0.028
Vermont 14.14b 12.68 0.064 15.46 13.69 0.142 33.32b 30.02 0.054 10.72 9.60 0.233 14.02b 12.59 0.095
Virginia 7.46 8.04 0.211 8.52 7.73 0.338 20.22 19.78 0.747 5.15b 6.08 0.086 7.35 8.07 0.157
Washington 11.92a 13.74 0.011 12.19 11.46 0.465 25.90 27.65 0.263 9.57a 11.72 0.013 11.89a 13.97 0.008
West Virginia 6.99 6.34 0.174 8.73a 6.95 0.032 20.96a 17.34 0.008 4.73 4.61 0.830 6.84 6.28 0.287
Wisconsin 8.18 8.36 0.730 9.68 9.41 0.773 19.98 20.42 0.746 6.04 6.23 0.743 8.03 8.25 0.685
Wyoming 7.01 6.62 0.431 8.04 7.75 0.729 14.99 15.62 0.618 5.51 4.93 0.325 6.91 6.51 0.461
140915
Table 2 – Marijuana Use in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2011-2012)
12+
(2012-2013)
12+
(P Value)
12-17
(2011-2012)
12-17
(2012-2013)
12-17
(P Value)
18-25
(2011-2012)
18-25
(2012-2013)
18-25
(P Value)
26+
(2011-2012)
26+
(2012-2013)
26+
(P Value)
18+
(2011-2012)
18+
(2012-2013)
18+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2011-2012 and the 2012-2013 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
a Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011, 2012, and 2013.
Total U.S. 11.83a 12.34 0.001 13.86b 13.47 0.084 31.12 31.55 0.214 8.25a 8.89 0.000 11.62a 12.22 0.000
Northeast 12.93 13.29 0.178 14.48 14.29 0.623 35.58 35.32 0.669 8.95b 9.50 0.086 12.78 13.19 0.149
Midwest 11.50a 12.01 0.009 13.22 13.10 0.700 30.95 31.29 0.445 7.97a 8.58 0.008 11.32a 11.89 0.006
South 10.10a 10.65 0.002 12.60 12.37 0.449 27.78 28.44 0.111 6.74a 7.39 0.002 9.83a 10.47 0.001
West 14.04b 14.59 0.089 15.94a 14.93 0.032 33.10 33.77 0.291 10.36b 11.11 0.053 13.83a 14.55 0.041
Alabama 9.06 9.69 0.189 10.86 10.36 0.584 23.54 25.36 0.183 6.29 6.90 0.272 8.86 9.62 0.148
Alaska 19.28 19.69 0.670 17.03 15.61 0.280 38.20 35.71 0.167 16.07 17.24 0.344 19.55 20.16 0.561
Arizona 11.78b 12.94 0.076 14.41 15.03 0.591 29.20 31.26 0.185 8.41 9.47 0.180 11.49b 12.71 0.088
Arkansas 9.40 9.69 0.551 12.23 12.70 0.628 25.10 24.34 0.591 6.37 6.82 0.443 9.09 9.37 0.608
California 14.02 13.89 0.762 16.14a 14.25 0.011 33.50 34.08 0.565 10.09 10.08 0.993 13.78 13.85 0.898
Colorado 16.22a 18.92 0.002 17.64 18.76 0.439 39.39b 42.42 0.091 12.14a 14.98 0.006 16.08a 18.94 0.002
Connecticut 13.64 14.00 0.561 16.19 16.02 0.890 38.95 39.41 0.792 9.36 9.72 0.610 13.37 13.78 0.528
Delaware 14.09 13.97 0.841 16.70 16.72 0.991 38.92 38.49 0.794 9.55 9.51 0.954 13.83 13.71 0.845
District of Columbia 19.75 21.02 0.161 17.23 18.01 0.576 42.29 43.68 0.435 14.64 16.18 0.163 19.90 21.20 0.175
Florida 11.07 11.43 0.341 12.99 13.64 0.323 31.36 32.06 0.439 7.79 8.10 0.491 10.90 11.23 0.412
Georgia 9.74a 11.44 0.002 12.52 12.62 0.916 26.12 27.51 0.349 6.44a 8.41 0.003 9.42a 11.30 0.002
Hawaii 13.33 13.37 0.957 16.60 15.33 0.320 31.51 31.27 0.884 10.14 10.35 0.827 13.02 13.19 0.844
Idaho 9.60 9.82 0.681 12.97 12.53 0.678 24.02 25.18 0.394 6.54 6.74 0.746 9.20 9.49 0.604
Illinois 11.41 11.66 0.487 12.71 12.61 0.870 32.34 31.43 0.323 7.69 8.20 0.237 11.27 11.56 0.457
Indiana 10.79 11.05 0.634 11.93 12.12 0.833 29.26 31.58 0.133 7.36 7.26 0.887 10.66 10.93 0.652
Iowa 10.33 10.40 0.905 12.52 11.94 0.550 29.24 29.80 0.725 6.72 6.78 0.919 10.10 10.24 0.818
Kansas 8.38 8.21 0.699 11.62b 10.04 0.098 23.98 24.15 0.901 5.12 5.08 0.924 8.02 8.01 0.975
Kentucky 9.49 9.22 0.549 11.74b 10.05 0.055 26.62 26.86 0.870 6.40 6.21 0.733 9.26 9.14 0.800
Louisiana 9.82b 10.76 0.076 10.67b 12.34 0.068 24.69 26.83 0.105 6.97 7.63 0.288 9.73 10.59 0.136
Maine 14.26a 16.24 0.010 15.57 15.99 0.716 36.14 38.78 0.123 11.03a 13.11 0.022 14.14a 16.26 0.010
Maryland 10.50b 11.47 0.068 13.98 14.51 0.640 33.25 34.27 0.521 6.31b 7.36 0.083 10.14b 11.16 0.072
Massachusetts 15.41 15.57 0.821 17.81a 15.05 0.023 40.51 41.86 0.440 10.72 11.02 0.727 15.18 15.62 0.570
Michigan 13.87a 15.22 0.002 15.00b 16.12 0.096 34.41 34.59 0.838 10.20a 11.76 0.004 13.75a 15.12 0.004
Minnesota 11.82 11.93 0.838 13.64 11.99 0.107 33.77 32.09 0.311 7.99 8.64 0.323 11.63 11.93 0.619
Mississippi 9.29 8.78 0.279 11.11 10.28 0.380 24.82 25.51 0.643 6.20 5.52 0.220 9.09 8.61 0.352
Missouri 10.28a 11.64 0.007 13.32 13.78 0.648 28.55a 31.99 0.019 6.79b 7.93 0.053 9.95a 11.41 0.007
Montana 16.03 15.78 0.760 18.86a 15.80 0.011 38.22a 34.98 0.037 12.10 12.65 0.569 15.75 15.78 0.974
Nebraska 9.20 9.98 0.105 12.20 13.03 0.385 25.98 27.83 0.190 5.87 6.46 0.290 8.87 9.66 0.137
Nevada 14.44 14.10 0.703 16.90 15.84 0.431 31.99 30.96 0.549 11.30 11.19 0.917 14.17 13.91 0.789
New Hampshire 14.61 15.39 0.248 17.85 18.23 0.752 42.36 43.98 0.329 9.88 10.59 0.388 14.28 15.11 0.258
New Jersey 10.39 10.18 0.686 13.21 12.06 0.261 33.78b 30.98 0.071 6.52 6.81 0.634 10.09 9.98 0.849
New Mexico 14.43 15.09 0.423 19.22 18.38 0.535 32.98 32.06 0.592 10.59 11.72 0.268 13.90 14.73 0.355
New York 13.51 14.13 0.150 13.86 14.62 0.264 34.87 33.97 0.354 9.71b 10.61 0.085 13.48 14.08 0.197
North Carolina 10.34 10.88 0.312 13.73 12.64 0.312 30.83 28.81 0.221 6.56b 7.68 0.071 9.99 10.70 0.217
North Dakota 9.66 9.92 0.605 11.26 9.79 0.117 27.25 27.66 0.785 5.73 6.06 0.560 9.51 9.93 0.437
Ohio 12.68 12.81 0.747 14.10 13.27 0.160 31.90 31.16 0.423 9.33 9.72 0.419 12.53 12.76 0.597
Oklahoma 10.42 9.97 0.417 12.34a 10.44 0.048 25.47 27.03 0.248 7.47 6.85 0.371 10.21 9.91 0.625
Oregon 17.47 19.03 0.112 16.74 17.10 0.787 37.91 35.88 0.242 14.30b 16.59 0.051 17.54 19.21 0.112
Pennsylvania 11.12 11.33 0.571 12.90 13.18 0.673 31.93 32.78 0.409 7.43 7.57 0.745 10.94 11.15 0.603
Rhode Island 19.47 20.22 0.361 20.11 20.28 0.900 46.03 45.17 0.616 14.26 15.41 0.247 19.41 20.21 0.363
South Carolina 11.51 11.72 0.714 13.82 13.60 0.843 30.67 31.99 0.379 7.97 8.04 0.918 11.27 11.53 0.681
South Dakota 10.03 9.64 0.462 11.66b 9.92 0.066 25.92 24.66 0.423 7.06 6.97 0.888 9.86 9.61 0.666
Tennessee 8.91a 9.93 0.029 11.13 12.50 0.177 24.80 26.23 0.287 6.03b 6.94 0.094 8.68a 9.67 0.049
Texas 9.34 9.38 0.891 12.33b 11.27 0.076 24.64 25.03 0.658 6.01 6.16 0.674 8.97 9.15 0.590
Utah 7.68a 8.76 0.018 9.93 9.95 0.985 18.66 20.52 0.164 4.75a 5.85 0.044 7.37a 8.59 0.016
Vermont 19.29 19.10 0.831 21.50 19.78 0.225 46.99 46.77 0.897 14.32 14.27 0.963 19.09 19.04 0.959
Virginia 10.32a 12.39 0.000 13.73 14.16 0.663 30.39 32.53 0.176 6.48a 8.76 0.000 9.97a 12.22 0.000
Washington 15.40a 17.48 0.007 16.49 16.48 0.996 36.23 37.57 0.404 11.82a 14.30 0.009 15.29a 17.58 0.007
West Virginia 9.99 10.12 0.805 13.13b 11.39 0.061 29.73a 26.44 0.027 6.72 7.52 0.210 9.71 10.01 0.603
Wisconsin 10.35 11.12 0.149 12.44 13.14 0.515 29.27 30.82 0.313 6.95 7.62 0.287 10.13 10.91 0.171
Wyoming 10.88 10.11 0.199 13.21 11.71 0.145 27.38 25.70 0.282 7.73 7.22 0.469 10.64 9.95 0.281
140915
Table 3 – Marijuana Use in the Past Month, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2011-2012)
12+
(2012-2013)
12+
(P Value)
12-17
(2011-2012)
12-17
(2012-2013)
12-17
(P Value)
18-25
(2011-2012)
18-25
(2012-2013)
18-25
(P Value)
26+
(2011-2012)
26+
(2012-2013)
26+
(P Value)
18+
(2011-2012)
18+
(2012-2013)
18+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2011-2012 and the 2012-2013 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
a Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011, 2012, and 2013.
Total U.S. 7.13a 7.40 0.025 7.55a 7.15 0.015 18.89 18.91 0.920 5.05a 5.45 0.005 7.09a 7.43 0.009
Northeast 7.72 7.85 0.514 8.05 7.67 0.183 21.34 20.96 0.409 5.40 5.68 0.225 7.69 7.86 0.406
Midwest 6.86 7.09 0.132 7.29 6.95 0.116 18.53 18.74 0.570 4.81b 5.12 0.085 6.81b 7.10 0.082
South 5.83a 6.13 0.034 6.65b 6.31 0.089 16.37 16.40 0.934 3.91a 4.35 0.009 5.74a 6.11 0.018
West 9.01 9.36 0.167 8.81 8.26 0.123 21.24 21.42 0.744 6.83b 7.34 0.097 9.03 9.48 0.110
Alabama 5.07 4.95 0.719 5.62 4.81 0.159 14.34 13.93 0.695 3.38 3.41 0.953 5.02 4.96 0.887
Alaska 12.97 11.89 0.189 10.01 8.73 0.216 24.77a 21.06 0.017 11.18 10.60 0.567 13.31 12.26 0.243
Arizona 7.22 7.88 0.224 8.37 8.25 0.880 17.20 18.54 0.304 5.33 5.98 0.314 7.09 7.84 0.216
Arkansas 5.30 5.69 0.321 6.01 5.68 0.590 14.71 14.28 0.700 3.61 4.23 0.169 5.22 5.69 0.281
California 9.08 8.94 0.695 8.83b 7.80 0.056 21.74 21.64 0.911 6.74 6.72 0.966 9.11 9.06 0.909
Colorado 10.41a 12.70 0.001 10.47 11.16 0.557 26.81 29.05 0.169 7.63a 10.13 0.003 10.40a 12.86 0.001
Connecticut 8.44 8.95 0.316 8.72 8.57 0.858 23.66 24.41 0.635 6.01 6.55 0.353 8.41 8.99 0.299
Delaware 7.49 7.97 0.259 9.58 9.15 0.617 20.95 20.75 0.874 4.95 5.68 0.144 7.28 7.86 0.227
District of Columbia 10.45a 12.01 0.025 9.35 9.89 0.567 24.49 25.53 0.495 7.24a 9.14 0.020 10.52a 12.13 0.028
Florida 6.65 7.00 0.255 7.03 7.52 0.275 19.02 19.09 0.922 4.73 5.12 0.284 6.61 6.95 0.316
Georgia 5.96a 7.71 0.000 7.20 7.14 0.925 16.65 18.13 0.230 3.88a 5.93 0.000 5.82a 7.77 0.000
Hawaii 7.57b 8.61 0.071 9.69 9.55 0.896 18.15 18.84 0.594 5.69b 6.91 0.083 7.37b 8.52 0.068
Idaho 5.29 5.53 0.548 6.21 5.61 0.317 13.09 14.05 0.360 3.77 4.03 0.578 5.18 5.52 0.442
Illinois 7.03 6.95 0.789 6.94 6.26 0.146 20.27 20.07 0.794 4.79 4.82 0.923 7.04 7.03 0.973
Indiana 6.20 6.28 0.857 6.25 5.97 0.631 16.78 17.73 0.450 4.31 4.28 0.945 6.19 6.31 0.806
Iowa 6.10 5.98 0.761 6.65 6.25 0.512 16.84 16.31 0.652 4.13 4.12 0.979 6.04 5.95 0.835
Kansas 4.06 4.41 0.316 5.47 5.09 0.483 11.34 12.23 0.404 2.55 2.90 0.363 3.90 4.33 0.260
Kentucky 5.63 5.35 0.401 6.06 5.07 0.106 17.35 16.56 0.486 3.65 3.53 0.771 5.59 5.38 0.574
Louisiana 4.62 5.07 0.211 5.01 5.09 0.872 13.00 14.58 0.137 3.02 3.33 0.422 4.57 5.07 0.212
Maine 8.38a 9.95 0.010 8.94 9.26 0.689 22.66 24.71 0.162 6.29a 7.95 0.018 8.32a 10.01 0.011
Maryland 5.81a 6.94 0.004 7.54 7.50 0.960 17.53b 19.99 0.061 3.66a 4.73 0.016 5.64a 6.89 0.004
Massachusetts 9.37 9.90 0.373 10.58b 8.90 0.072 25.77 26.64 0.579 6.34 7.07 0.291 9.25 9.99 0.257
Michigan 8.89a 9.71 0.020 8.89 9.13 0.636 22.13 22.15 0.975 6.61a 7.64 0.018 8.89a 9.77 0.024
Minnesota 6.30 6.21 0.838 7.27 6.69 0.432 17.58 17.14 0.736 4.33 4.37 0.914 6.19 6.16 0.947
Mississippi 5.80b 5.10 0.063 6.32a 5.13 0.046 15.86 15.16 0.530 3.88 3.26 0.133 5.74 5.10 0.121
Missouri 5.94a 7.10 0.011 7.28 7.10 0.799 17.41b 20.15 0.067 3.83a 4.88 0.032 5.80a 7.10 0.010
Montana 10.45 10.33 0.843 9.56 8.68 0.299 26.51a 23.04 0.011 7.94 8.44 0.511 10.54 10.49 0.938
Nebraska 5.51 5.47 0.913 6.53 6.24 0.643 14.83 15.07 0.816 3.74 3.68 0.884 5.40 5.38 0.975
Nevada 8.36 7.98 0.550 8.77 8.33 0.634 20.01 18.56 0.285 6.44 6.25 0.811 8.32 7.95 0.597
New Hampshire 8.37a 9.79 0.005 9.61 9.62 0.986 26.37 27.77 0.349 5.41a 6.99 0.008 8.25a 9.80 0.005
New Jersey 6.05a 5.21 0.033 6.85a 5.38 0.024 19.26a 15.48 0.002 3.96 3.64 0.484 5.96b 5.19 0.074
New Mexico 9.14 9.04 0.873 9.82 9.22 0.517 21.35 19.33 0.140 6.94 7.23 0.699 9.07 9.02 0.951
New York 8.24 8.28 0.899 7.86 8.12 0.602 21.35 20.37 0.208 5.98 6.20 0.593 8.28 8.30 0.956
North Carolina 6.49 6.17 0.453 7.69 6.67 0.153 19.28a 16.64 0.032 4.24 4.36 0.809 6.37 6.11 0.593
North Dakota 5.15 5.19 0.914 6.02 5.19 0.220 14.44 14.04 0.716 3.07 3.26 0.644 5.07 5.19 0.763
Ohio 7.37 7.60 0.448 7.53 7.36 0.692 19.22 18.76 0.517 5.39 5.79 0.285 7.35 7.63 0.414
Oklahoma 6.04 5.56 0.306 6.37a 5.16 0.049 14.14 14.43 0.793 4.55 4.03 0.350 6.01 5.61 0.440
Oregon 12.16 11.92 0.763 9.86 9.59 0.756 25.81b 23.39 0.096 10.25 10.37 0.900 12.38 12.14 0.784
Pennsylvania 6.18 6.46 0.296 6.87 6.81 0.902 17.54b 19.01 0.064 4.20 4.34 0.653 6.11 6.42 0.284
Rhode Island 13.00 14.08 0.155 12.44 12.95 0.637 30.16 29.79 0.824 9.74 11.18 0.112 13.05 14.18 0.175
South Carolina 7.20 6.87 0.461 7.24 7.11 0.844 19.24 18.75 0.690 5.15 4.81 0.512 7.20 6.84 0.474
South Dakota 5.79b 5.03 0.062 6.44a 5.13 0.036 13.95 12.68 0.192 4.28 3.67 0.196 5.72 5.02 0.115
Tennessee 5.41 5.42 0.963 5.92 6.04 0.833 14.70 15.01 0.782 3.81 3.77 0.921 5.35 5.36 0.987
Texas 5.11 5.31 0.389 6.32 5.83 0.223 13.76 13.88 0.863 3.30 3.62 0.230 4.96 5.25 0.268
Utah 4.41b 5.07 0.056 5.12 5.35 0.701 9.83 10.91 0.261 3.04 3.68 0.128 4.31b 5.03 0.064
Vermont 12.86 11.76 0.148 13.36b 11.34 0.078 33.18a 28.74 0.010 9.34 8.88 0.606 12.82 11.80 0.213
Virginia 5.54b 6.29 0.053 6.61 6.05 0.370 17.06 17.03 0.977 3.44a 4.49 0.017 5.43a 6.31 0.040
Washington 10.21a 12.28 0.001 9.45 9.81 0.704 23.44 25.56 0.164 8.11a 10.39 0.003 10.29a 12.53 0.001
West Virginia 5.27 5.07 0.613 6.63a 5.23 0.023 17.55a 14.88 0.035 3.29 3.57 0.537 5.14 5.05 0.832
Wisconsin 6.69 6.49 0.626 7.78 7.18 0.408 18.18 18.46 0.826 4.65 4.42 0.621 6.58 6.42 0.723
Wyoming 5.68 5.82 0.773 6.00 5.95 0.943 13.06 14.12 0.359 4.36 4.37 0.982 5.65 5.81 0.765
140915
Table 4 – Perceptions of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2011-2012)
12+
(2012-2013)
12+
(P Value)
12-17
(2011-2012)
12-17
(2012-2013)
12-17
(P Value)
18-25
(2011-2012)
18-25
(2012-2013)
18-25
(P Value)
26+
(2011-2012)
26+
(2012-2013)
26+
(P Value)
18+
(2011-2012)
18+
(2012-2013)
18+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2011-2012 and the 2012-2013 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
a Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011, 2012, and 2013.
Total U.S. 31.37a 29.50 0.000 27.02a 25.34 0.000 17.37a 15.81 0.000 34.36a 32.40 0.000 31.83a 29.94 0.000
Northeast 29.56a 27.74 0.000 24.64a 23.56 0.031 14.85a 13.21 0.000 32.62a 30.66 0.001 30.05a 28.14 0.000
Midwest 29.51a 27.14 0.000 27.64a 26.05 0.000 16.23a 14.06 0.000 32.04a 29.54 0.000 29.71a 27.26 0.000
South 35.16a 33.73 0.000 30.03a 28.02 0.000 19.66a 18.41 0.001 38.50a 37.10 0.003 35.71a 34.34 0.001
West 28.47a 26.32 0.000 23.48a 21.76 0.002 16.75a 15.28 0.002 31.25a 28.91 0.000 29.02a 26.82 0.000
Alabama 38.54 39.26 0.573 35.69a 32.10 0.016 20.52 19.80 0.570 42.07 43.53 0.370 38.84 40.01 0.407
Alaska 20.57 19.60 0.339 21.26 19.07 0.112 12.92 13.29 0.722 21.93 20.89 0.426 20.49 19.66 0.459
Arizona 28.83a 25.96 0.014 25.09a 21.69 0.018 16.51b 14.46 0.074 31.49a 28.55 0.047 29.24a 26.44 0.028
Arkansas 36.40 35.59 0.511 32.01 30.76 0.454 18.65 16.67 0.107 39.99 39.43 0.718 36.87 36.10 0.572
California 30.17a 28.34 0.009 22.08 20.95 0.188 17.88b 16.61 0.078 33.57a 31.51 0.024 31.07a 29.15 0.013
Colorado 24.11a 22.00 0.041 21.57 19.58 0.139 11.71 10.69 0.251 26.53b 24.22 0.078 24.37b 22.24 0.061
Connecticut 25.79 24.73 0.310 23.05 23.03 0.991 12.35 12.27 0.936 28.26 26.94 0.310 26.08 24.90 0.307
Delaware 30.10 28.95 0.312 22.15 21.67 0.749 14.78b 12.90 0.056 33.66 32.51 0.426 30.89 29.65 0.321
District of Columbia 25.27a 22.35 0.011 20.68 21.52 0.608 12.54 11.53 0.331 28.63a 24.85 0.009 25.55a 22.39 0.009
Florida 35.10a 32.82 0.003 27.82b 26.33 0.091 19.82a 17.66 0.003 38.22a 35.81 0.010 35.77a 33.41 0.004
Georgia 35.80 35.59 0.859 33.03a 29.99 0.044 20.73 20.11 0.646 38.90 39.13 0.877 36.12 36.23 0.933
Hawaii 28.87b 26.45 0.059 23.86 21.60 0.148 14.36 13.16 0.278 31.70 29.08 0.102 29.34b 26.90 0.079
Idaho 29.41 29.47 0.957 27.25 27.72 0.755 17.84 17.04 0.501 31.81 31.93 0.937 29.67 29.68 0.992
Illinois 31.55a 29.60 0.004 28.22a 26.21 0.017 17.30a 14.84 0.000 34.42a 32.56 0.031 31.91a 29.97 0.010
Indiana 30.03 29.46 0.631 27.82 28.31 0.740 16.92a 14.30 0.020 32.67 32.33 0.821 30.28 29.59 0.599
Iowa 30.79a 28.01 0.022 31.72a 27.43 0.006 16.86a 13.97 0.013 33.17b 30.59 0.092 30.69a 28.07 0.046
Kansas 29.29a 26.62 0.017 29.62a 26.28 0.026 19.69a 17.11 0.022 31.02b 28.42 0.067 29.25a 26.65 0.034
Kentucky 35.18b 32.94 0.067 34.46a 30.72 0.022 21.10a 17.30 0.005 37.62 35.81 0.241 35.26 33.17 0.121
Louisiana 39.08a 35.87 0.006 33.72a 29.85 0.011 22.39 20.40 0.116 42.88a 39.48 0.023 39.66a 36.52 0.015
Maine 21.45 20.02 0.205 23.36 22.55 0.576 11.53a 9.66 0.038 22.68 21.23 0.297 21.27 19.79 0.226
Maryland 31.94b 29.97 0.094 25.38 23.57 0.198 17.66a 15.00 0.027 35.13 33.23 0.195 32.62 30.62 0.118
Massachusetts 22.89a 20.73 0.037 19.87 19.30 0.636 10.70a 8.55 0.014 25.41b 23.05 0.072 23.18a 20.86 0.041
Michigan 26.13a 24.16 0.004 24.82a 22.87 0.022 13.45b 12.36 0.066 28.51a 26.39 0.016 26.28a 24.30 0.009
Minnesota 28.59a 25.03 0.001 27.14b 24.61 0.066 14.05a 12.05 0.045 31.18a 27.22 0.004 28.74a 25.07 0.002
Mississippi 39.57a 37.06 0.045 36.03b 32.94 0.053 26.43 24.43 0.182 42.48 39.95 0.108 39.97b 37.52 0.074
Missouri 31.71a 28.60 0.008 27.05 26.39 0.637 17.32a 13.28 0.000 34.75a 31.50 0.026 32.19a 28.83 0.008
Montana 25.18 25.15 0.978 23.93 24.78 0.544 12.77a 10.51 0.016 27.36 27.61 0.860 25.30 25.18 0.922
Nebraska 29.86 27.98 0.114 29.80a 26.30 0.023 17.75a 14.76 0.011 32.02 30.55 0.329 29.86 28.16 0.193
Nevada 28.13 28.57 0.709 22.82 22.37 0.752 15.38 15.90 0.640 30.88 31.39 0.727 28.70 29.23 0.682
New Hampshire 22.72a 19.86 0.007 20.25 20.00 0.843 9.51a 7.87 0.030 25.10a 21.76 0.012 22.96a 19.85 0.007
New Jersey 33.62 33.22 0.755 25.80 24.69 0.444 14.63 14.95 0.776 37.46 37.03 0.787 34.45 34.11 0.809
New Mexico 30.23a 27.50 0.023 24.83 23.39 0.337 16.46 15.89 0.604 33.35a 30.07 0.033 30.83a 27.94 0.029
New York 31.34a 28.83 0.001 25.03a 22.88 0.012 16.73a 14.24 0.000 34.67a 32.07 0.007 31.96a 29.40 0.002
North Carolina 32.72b 30.68 0.081 27.24 25.09 0.128 17.35 16.50 0.477 35.95 33.76 0.136 33.29 31.27 0.115
North Dakota 32.11a 29.09 0.011 33.13 31.43 0.304 17.40 15.52 0.109 35.15a 31.81 0.028 32.01a 28.87 0.014
Ohio 28.94a 25.98 0.000 26.76 26.31 0.589 16.04a 14.24 0.008 31.36a 27.91 0.000 29.17a 25.95 0.000
Oklahoma 31.35b 29.18 0.065 29.71 29.17 0.751 20.22 18.98 0.343 33.59b 31.04 0.092 31.53b 29.18 0.071
Oregon 21.55a 19.54 0.049 21.84 20.05 0.180 13.34a 11.33 0.046 22.85 20.80 0.104 21.52b 19.49 0.068
Pennsylvania 30.96a 29.19 0.008 27.15 26.95 0.821 16.28a 14.59 0.013 33.88a 31.89 0.019 31.33a 29.41 0.009
Rhode Island 23.89 22.18 0.138 20.08 20.46 0.783 11.39 10.79 0.499 26.76 24.59 0.144 24.25 22.34 0.126
South Carolina 34.69 32.90 0.128 29.13 27.83 0.386 18.30 17.63 0.587 38.16 36.13 0.166 35.25 33.41 0.150
South Dakota 30.44 29.39 0.351 30.84 29.36 0.315 18.87 17.13 0.214 32.43 31.57 0.548 30.40 29.39 0.419
Tennessee 35.47 35.85 0.741 31.50b 29.01 0.098 19.20 18.68 0.662 38.65 39.52 0.549 35.88 36.55 0.593
Texas 37.66 37.12 0.458 30.79a 28.65 0.015 20.64 20.70 0.944 41.91 41.48 0.647 38.51 38.16 0.670
Utah 37.42a 33.58 0.002 39.69a 35.29 0.013 25.05a 21.03 0.010 39.92a 36.20 0.024 37.10a 33.34 0.007
Vermont 23.11 22.42 0.508 23.67b 21.06 0.062 10.72 9.67 0.240 25.19 24.78 0.753 23.06 22.54 0.647
Virginia 28.91a 26.15 0.013 24.65 25.24 0.674 16.03a 13.69 0.047 31.64a 28.41 0.022 29.34a 26.25 0.011
Washington 23.01a 18.70 0.000 22.54a 19.06 0.004 13.52a 11.34 0.014 24.66a 19.90 0.000 23.05a 18.66 0.000
West Virginia 35.81a 33.18 0.035 29.97 28.63 0.382 19.36a 16.23 0.012 38.89b 36.24 0.084 36.34a 33.59 0.042
Wisconsin 28.87a 25.98 0.015 29.07 27.13 0.170 16.01 14.89 0.316 31.00a 27.70 0.027 28.84a 25.86 0.021
Wyoming 30.92a 28.25 0.019 32.64a 28.83 0.017 17.20 15.64 0.212 33.13b 30.39 0.055 30.75a 28.19 0.038
140915
Table 5 – First Use of Marijuana, by Age Group and State: Average Annual Incidence Estimates (Expressed as Percentages) and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2011-2012)
12+
(2012-2013)
12+
(P Value)
12-17
(2011-2012)
12-17
(2012-2013)
12-17
(P Value)
18-25
(2011-2012)
18-25
(2012-2013)
18-25
(P Value)
26+
(2011-2012)
26+
(2012-2013)
26+
(P Value)
18+
(2011-2012)
18+
(2012-2013)
18+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2011-2012 and the 2012-2013 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
NOTE: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 * {[X1 ÷ (0.5 * X1 + X2)] ÷ 2}, where X1 is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X2 is the number of individuals who never used marijuana. Both of the computation components, X1 and X2, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use.
a Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011, 2012, and 2013.
Total U.S. 1.89 1.89 0.923 5.96b 5.76 0.097 7.60 7.50 0.583 0.19 0.22 0.212 1.21 1.23 0.504
Northeast 2.00 2.00 0.884 6.13 6.05 0.654 8.62 8.56 0.848 0.22 0.23 0.761 1.33 1.34 0.909
Midwest 1.87 1.93 0.261 5.80 5.70 0.448 7.51 7.72 0.333 0.18 0.21 0.233 1.18 1.26 0.141
South 1.68 1.68 0.969 5.52 5.39 0.323 6.72 6.62 0.632 0.16 0.18 0.453 1.05 1.07 0.710
West 2.19 2.14 0.435 6.70a 6.20 0.014 8.40 7.98 0.185 0.24 0.28 0.266 1.40 1.40 0.963
Alabama 1.45 1.43 0.826 4.94 4.78 0.666 5.95 5.91 0.930 0.11 0.13 0.635 0.91 0.91 0.921
Alaska 2.86 2.79 0.687 6.70 6.01 0.221 8.65 8.38 0.723 0.42 0.50 0.493 1.88 1.97 0.625
Arizona 2.01 2.03 0.787 6.45 6.53 0.877 7.63 7.28 0.604 0.22 0.26 0.362 1.22 1.23 0.930
Arkansas 1.56b 1.74 0.057 5.17 5.80 0.151 5.73 6.03 0.540 0.13b 0.19 0.093 0.96 1.06 0.276
California 2.26 2.12 0.115 6.83a 6.01 0.006 8.82 8.37 0.333 0.25 0.26 0.732 1.49 1.45 0.634
Colorado 2.34a 2.71 0.023 7.49 7.92 0.525 9.43 9.94 0.578 0.25a 0.38 0.018 1.41b 1.67 0.054
Connecticut 2.19 2.31 0.335 6.63 7.37 0.157 9.32 9.10 0.766 0.23 0.24 0.747 1.36 1.38 0.854
Delaware 2.30 2.27 0.816 7.32 7.39 0.908 9.94 9.09 0.277 0.24 0.24 0.918 1.43 1.41 0.861
District of Columbia 3.19 3.05 0.465 8.37 9.07 0.205 11.69 10.85 0.351 0.52 0.46 0.692 2.59 2.35 0.263
Florida 1.57 1.66 0.192 5.64b 6.14 0.056 7.03 7.01 0.952 0.17 0.19 0.608 1.00 1.02 0.715
Georgia 1.73 1.74 0.887 5.63 5.50 0.760 5.98 6.21 0.640 0.16 0.17 0.766 1.03 1.07 0.629
Hawaii 2.01 2.00 0.950 7.10 6.60 0.415 8.15 7.50 0.398 0.31 0.38 0.526 1.26 1.30 0.771
Idaho 1.81 1.80 0.883 5.40 5.56 0.712 6.15 5.78 0.482 0.16 0.22 0.175 1.11 1.06 0.681
Illinois 1.84 1.83 0.928 5.70 5.49 0.473 7.76 7.63 0.752 0.19 0.21 0.630 1.17 1.19 0.701
Indiana 1.89 1.95 0.618 5.49 5.27 0.601 7.57 7.80 0.713 0.17 0.21 0.292 1.22 1.32 0.343
Iowa 1.71 1.72 0.916 5.58 5.08 0.186 7.26 7.72 0.473 0.13 0.18 0.202 1.09 1.18 0.390
Kansas 1.74 1.62 0.245 5.08b 4.30 0.062 6.72 6.55 0.772 0.15 0.18 0.387 1.15 1.15 0.966
Kentucky 1.54 1.55 0.951 5.43a 4.58 0.035 5.79 6.64 0.158 0.15 0.17 0.468 0.90b 1.05 0.100
Louisiana 1.53 1.59 0.504 4.34b 5.03 0.071 6.18 6.10 0.868 0.16 0.16 0.937 1.07 1.04 0.727
Maine 2.05 2.18 0.321 6.72 6.30 0.360 8.42a 10.60 0.009 0.22 0.27 0.386 1.24b 1.48 0.054
Maryland 1.90a 2.17 0.014 6.10 6.83 0.120 7.71 8.65 0.145 0.20 0.21 0.773 1.18 1.35 0.102
Massachusetts 2.66 2.57 0.548 7.66a 6.56 0.031 11.09 11.80 0.441 0.28 0.29 0.882 1.81 1.88 0.681
Michigan 2.21a 2.42 0.014 6.46b 6.98 0.072 8.42 8.71 0.490 0.20 0.25 0.221 1.40 1.53 0.112
Minnesota 1.89 1.78 0.327 5.62b 4.77 0.052 8.06 7.76 0.650 0.21 0.25 0.360 1.22 1.23 0.885
Mississippi 1.49 1.49 0.939 4.71 4.46 0.488 5.82 5.85 0.943 0.13 0.13 0.844 0.94 0.98 0.705
Missouri 1.68a 1.95 0.010 5.92 6.23 0.504 6.28a 7.89 0.013 0.15 0.20 0.124 1.00a 1.24 0.023
Montana 2.42a 2.07 0.007 8.40a 6.12 0.000 9.97b 8.75 0.089 0.21 0.26 0.261 1.40 1.38 0.877
Nebraska 1.69 1.63 0.567 5.21 5.54 0.458 6.95b 5.97 0.067 0.15 0.19 0.359 1.11 1.00 0.233
Nevada 2.17 1.98 0.125 7.05b 6.07 0.087 9.09a 7.54 0.039 0.22 0.27 0.248 1.33 1.24 0.435
New Hampshire 2.70 2.92 0.140 7.87 7.83 0.946 11.58b 13.17 0.090 0.26 0.32 0.302 1.70b 1.97 0.054
New Jersey 1.77 1.66 0.263 5.99 5.44 0.238 8.02 7.17 0.182 0.18 0.18 0.985 1.09 1.04 0.599
New Mexico 2.35 2.26 0.501 8.93 8.01 0.138 7.89 6.97 0.193 0.24 0.31 0.241 1.22 1.22 0.968
New York 1.90 1.91 0.935 5.68 5.82 0.622 7.93 7.66 0.539 0.24 0.25 0.868 1.31 1.30 0.878
North Carolina 1.58 1.61 0.774 5.56 5.20 0.440 6.74 6.47 0.612 0.13 0.16 0.340 0.96 1.02 0.426
North Dakota 1.64 1.58 0.598 4.52 3.95 0.200 6.82 6.95 0.831 0.16 0.19 0.533 1.22 1.25 0.838
Ohio 2.00 2.00 0.957 6.31a 5.81 0.049 7.94 8.05 0.806 0.18 0.22 0.361 1.23 1.30 0.366
Oklahoma 1.72 1.64 0.383 5.63b 4.86 0.058 5.81 6.06 0.633 0.16 0.20 0.258 1.03 1.06 0.725
Oregon 2.40 2.59 0.237 6.53 6.90 0.509 9.77 8.93 0.310 0.27b 0.40 0.052 1.62 1.70 0.545
Pennsylvania 1.83 1.84 0.886 5.43 5.74 0.234 8.31 8.46 0.735 0.17 0.19 0.623 1.26 1.24 0.835
Rhode Island 2.74 2.85 0.462 8.61 8.17 0.455 10.94 10.90 0.964 0.26 0.32 0.251 1.75 1.94 0.204
South Carolina 1.74b 1.92 0.054 6.35 6.65 0.516 6.41 7.04 0.230 0.15 0.18 0.395 1.00b 1.14 0.098
South Dakota 1.56 1.44 0.218 5.10a 4.20 0.036 6.31 6.31 0.994 0.15 0.17 0.576 0.98 1.00 0.815
Tennessee 1.51 1.51 0.995 5.23 5.18 0.885 5.87 5.90 0.964 0.14 0.16 0.496 0.91 0.94 0.709
Texas 1.74 1.62 0.106 5.26b 4.79 0.086 6.89 6.34 0.140 0.15 0.17 0.497 1.12 1.06 0.365
Utah 1.33 1.37 0.759 3.67 3.53 0.719 4.22 4.14 0.846 0.11 0.17 0.158 0.88 0.93 0.628
Vermont 2.74 2.73 0.985 9.43a 8.12 0.024 9.12a 11.35 0.019 0.29 0.31 0.686 1.50a 1.80 0.047
Virginia 2.07 1.91 0.146 6.39 5.68 0.102 8.26 7.76 0.480 0.20 0.21 0.789 1.32 1.27 0.611
Washington 2.18 2.25 0.497 6.63 6.54 0.856 8.35 8.27 0.902 0.24 0.31 0.130 1.37 1.45 0.441
West Virginia 1.65a 1.44 0.020 6.75a 5.45 0.004 7.67a 6.03 0.008 0.13 0.17 0.260 0.96 0.88 0.381
Wisconsin 1.66b 1.86 0.068 5.20a 6.16 0.037 6.55 6.95 0.532 0.17 0.21 0.342 1.06 1.13 0.482
Wyoming 1.61 1.69 0.407 5.42 5.49 0.871 6.03 6.21 0.752 0.16 0.22 0.145 0.98 1.06 0.374
140915
Table 6 – Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana in the Past Month, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2011-2012)
12+
(2012-2013)
12+
(P Value)
12-17
(2011-2012)
12-17
(2012-2013)
12-17
(P Value)
18-25
(2011-2012)
18-25
(2012-2013)
18-25
(P Value)
26+
(2011-2012)
26+
(2012-2013)
26+
(P Value)
18+
(2011-2012)
18+
(2012-2013)
18+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2011-2012 and the 2012-2013 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
NOTE: Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically, including data from original methamphetamine questions but not including new methamphetamine items added in 2005 and 2006.
a Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011, 2012, and 2013.
Total U.S. 3.27 3.36 0.226 3.90a 3.36 0.000 7.00 6.88 0.500 2.54a 2.75 0.024 3.20b 3.36 0.056
Northeast 3.17 3.07 0.432 3.43a 2.84 0.000 7.09 7.03 0.823 2.48 2.43 0.776 3.14 3.09 0.719
Midwest 3.20 3.12 0.420 3.79a 3.19 0.000 6.94 6.70 0.285 2.49 2.50 0.928 3.13 3.11 0.817
South 3.16a 3.35 0.047 3.89a 3.54 0.015 6.82 6.81 0.975 2.44a 2.74 0.012 3.09a 3.33 0.018
West 3.57 3.81 0.125 4.34a 3.61 0.000 7.25 7.03 0.489 2.80a 3.26 0.022 3.48a 3.84 0.046
Alabama 3.75 3.86 0.731 4.55 3.98 0.222 7.42 7.47 0.940 3.01 3.22 0.579 3.67 3.85 0.596
Alaska 3.30 2.96 0.238 3.37 2.99 0.352 7.19 6.65 0.419 2.57 2.27 0.397 3.29 2.96 0.294
Arizona 3.70 3.89 0.580 4.60b 3.83 0.092 6.82 6.84 0.973 3.04 3.38 0.422 3.60 3.89 0.439
Arkansas 3.83 3.75 0.815 4.95 4.21 0.128 8.02 7.18 0.231 2.97 3.11 0.720 3.71 3.70 0.993
California 3.50 3.88 0.106 4.45a 3.59 0.008 7.14 6.85 0.528 2.70a 3.37 0.021 3.40a 3.91 0.045
Colorado 3.64 3.94 0.385 4.14 3.72 0.310 8.06 8.03 0.964 2.84 3.28 0.283 3.59 3.96 0.318
Connecticut 2.92 2.70 0.408 3.07 2.54 0.149 7.54 6.78 0.240 2.18 2.08 0.760 2.90 2.72 0.521
Delaware 3.77 3.39 0.211 3.70b 3.08 0.090 9.03 8.37 0.416 2.88 2.58 0.414 3.78 3.42 0.284
District of Columbia 4.52a 5.77 0.011 4.33b 5.40 0.067 6.52 7.27 0.319 4.06a 5.46 0.025 4.53a 5.79 0.015
Florida 2.94 3.06 0.476 3.66a 3.05 0.020 6.69 7.37 0.150 2.29 2.41 0.549 2.87 3.06 0.306
Georgia 3.01a 4.08 0.001 4.02 4.13 0.798 6.22 6.94 0.278 2.30a 3.57 0.001 2.89a 4.08 0.001
Hawaii 3.60 3.51 0.817 4.48 3.99 0.370 7.62 6.89 0.337 2.88 2.93 0.900 3.51 3.47 0.910
Idaho 3.45a 2.67 0.005 4.09a 2.67 0.001 7.29 6.70 0.336 2.67a 1.96 0.045 3.37a 2.67 0.021
Illinois 2.97 2.83 0.390 3.35b 2.92 0.092 6.36 6.02 0.394 2.35 2.28 0.722 2.93 2.82 0.536
Indiana 3.96b 3.43 0.068 4.09a 3.18 0.019 8.94 7.97 0.200 3.06 2.65 0.256 3.95 3.45 0.129
Iowa 2.64 2.72 0.743 3.31 2.82 0.198 6.17 6.41 0.705 1.93 2.05 0.685 2.57 2.70 0.597
Kansas 2.84 2.75 0.750 3.96a 2.95 0.022 5.53 5.68 0.806 2.20 2.20 0.990 2.71 2.73 0.948
Kentucky 3.10 3.17 0.797 3.25 2.73 0.158 7.34 7.75 0.548 2.39 2.47 0.794 3.09 3.22 0.654
Louisiana 3.48b 4.05 0.070 3.93 4.35 0.376 6.91 6.77 0.837 2.78b 3.52 0.056 3.43b 4.02 0.088
Maine 3.18 2.81 0.206 3.22 2.73 0.174 8.70 7.86 0.280 2.39 2.12 0.414 3.18 2.82 0.258
Maryland 2.68b 3.12 0.079 3.14 3.28 0.724 6.03 6.64 0.312 2.07 2.52 0.150 2.63b 3.10 0.090
Massachusetts 3.26 3.04 0.402 3.86a 3.09 0.040 7.19 6.82 0.594 2.50 2.37 0.684 3.21 3.04 0.555
Michigan 3.62 3.53 0.679 4.56a 3.86 0.028 6.99 6.70 0.513 2.92 2.94 0.953 3.52 3.49 0.911
Minnesota 2.91b 2.47 0.071 3.49a 2.54 0.019 6.48 5.87 0.358 2.25 1.90 0.236 2.85 2.46 0.138
Mississippi 3.46 3.63 0.562 4.21 3.91 0.526 6.33 6.76 0.535 2.83 3.02 0.601 3.37 3.60 0.490
Missouri 2.89 3.13 0.339 3.68 3.41 0.498 6.66 6.98 0.634 2.15 2.44 0.331 2.81 3.10 0.284
Montana 3.26b 2.80 0.083 4.42a 2.97 0.001 7.66 7.19 0.478 2.41 2.06 0.268 3.15 2.78 0.197
Nebraska 2.67 2.34 0.185 3.32b 2.56 0.056 5.97 5.33 0.283 2.01 1.79 0.456 2.60 2.32 0.287
Nevada 3.49 4.00 0.127 3.97 3.74 0.646 6.51 7.12 0.388 2.94 3.53 0.152 3.44 4.03 0.108
New Hampshire 3.47 3.54 0.819 3.67b 3.00 0.090 9.72 10.04 0.730 2.47 2.58 0.733 3.45 3.59 0.652
New Jersey 3.25 2.88 0.160 3.77a 2.77 0.013 7.62 7.39 0.739 2.53 2.21 0.319 3.20 2.89 0.285
New Mexico 3.85 3.74 0.793 5.52a 4.26 0.010 6.16 6.01 0.840 3.23 3.27 0.926 3.66 3.68 0.962
New York 3.02 3.10 0.705 2.91 2.70 0.425 6.63 6.82 0.675 2.40 2.49 0.701 3.03 3.13 0.637
North Carolina 2.88b 3.34 0.074 3.44 3.48 0.924 6.68 7.41 0.311 2.19 2.64 0.131 2.82b 3.32 0.071
North Dakota 2.39 2.79 0.124 2.67 2.41 0.499 5.53 5.76 0.672 1.69 2.18 0.129 2.36b 2.82 0.099
Ohio 3.51 3.61 0.623 3.98a 3.31 0.010 7.66 7.58 0.874 2.77 2.99 0.349 3.46 3.64 0.401
Oklahoma 3.70 3.40 0.301 4.04a 3.17 0.028 6.96 7.30 0.632 3.07 2.73 0.358 3.66 3.42 0.466
Oregon 3.81 4.07 0.464 3.89 4.03 0.756 8.69 7.86 0.284 3.03 3.47 0.285 3.81 4.07 0.485
Pennsylvania 3.16 3.14 0.924 3.76a 2.95 0.004 6.60 6.76 0.712 2.51 2.56 0.830 3.10 3.16 0.771
Rhode Island 4.70 4.27 0.304 4.26 3.85 0.383 9.60 8.56 0.216 3.81 3.49 0.546 4.75 4.31 0.346
South Carolina 3.45 3.69 0.421 4.05 4.09 0.939 7.11 7.04 0.919 2.75 3.07 0.382 3.38 3.65 0.423
South Dakota 2.81 2.44 0.138 3.25b 2.46 0.066 5.67 5.42 0.659 2.26 1.92 0.269 2.76 2.44 0.226
Tennessee 3.42 3.16 0.322 4.22a 3.40 0.048 8.24b 6.91 0.069 2.53 2.51 0.955 3.34 3.14 0.479
Texas 3.15 3.23 0.650 4.17b 3.65 0.091 6.38 5.97 0.308 2.39 2.65 0.236 3.02 3.18 0.432
Utah 3.13 3.16 0.900 2.99 2.93 0.882 6.23 6.27 0.941 2.43 2.48 0.882 3.15 3.19 0.875
Vermont 3.74 3.37 0.263 4.33 3.64 0.144 8.66 7.86 0.322 2.83 2.57 0.501 3.68 3.35 0.346
Virginia 3.01 2.90 0.657 3.32 3.11 0.569 7.09b 6.02 0.075 2.27 2.35 0.776 2.97 2.88 0.715
Washington 3.89 4.02 0.705 4.49b 3.70 0.077 8.10 8.05 0.957 3.12 3.39 0.515 3.82 4.05 0.556
West Virginia 3.11a 2.45 0.007 3.42a 2.39 0.007 8.69a 6.63 0.003 2.25 1.82 0.138 3.08a 2.45 0.015
Wisconsin 2.85 3.08 0.436 3.57 3.45 0.781 6.91 6.89 0.984 2.09 2.41 0.356 2.78 3.04 0.409
Wyoming 2.53 2.25 0.312 3.14 2.60 0.222 4.77 5.04 0.611 2.06 1.73 0.327 2.46 2.22 0.399
140915
Table 7 – Cocaine Use in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2011-2012)
12+
(2012-2013)
12+
(P Value)
12-17
(2011-2012)
12-17
(2012-2013)
12-17
(P Value)
18-25
(2011-2012)
18-25
(2012-2013)
18-25
(P Value)
26+
(2011-2012)
26+
(2012-2013)
26+
(P Value)
18+
(2011-2012)
18+
(2012-2013)
18+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2011-2012 and the 2012-2013 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
a Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011, 2012, and 2013.
Total U.S. 1.65 1.69 0.341 0.82a 0.63 0.000 4.59 4.53 0.673 1.24b 1.34 0.097 1.74 1.81 0.190
Northeast 1.94 1.93 0.904 0.75a 0.60 0.031 5.37 5.26 0.664 1.50 1.53 0.839 2.06 2.06 0.993
Midwest 1.43 1.39 0.565 0.70a 0.47 0.000 3.71 3.51 0.158 1.13 1.15 0.829 1.51 1.49 0.820
South 1.49 1.56 0.250 0.80a 0.62 0.003 3.98 3.89 0.499 1.15b 1.28 0.091 1.56 1.66 0.153
West 1.87 2.00 0.160 1.01a 0.79 0.022 5.74 5.88 0.613 1.29 1.47 0.113 1.97 2.14 0.101
Alabama 1.20 1.19 0.939 0.67b 0.46 0.068 2.68 2.59 0.760 1.01 1.04 0.836 1.26 1.26 0.947
Alaska 1.73 1.58 0.355 0.88 0.65 0.125 4.98 4.44 0.255 1.24 1.16 0.673 1.83 1.68 0.418
Arizona 2.02 2.22 0.337 1.00 1.13 0.501 5.66 6.08 0.476 1.52 1.69 0.471 2.14 2.34 0.366
Arkansas 1.34 1.31 0.781 0.74b 0.55 0.081 3.22 2.99 0.460 1.10 1.12 0.888 1.41 1.39 0.897
California 1.90 2.10 0.160 1.08a 0.79 0.038 5.78 6.23 0.282 1.29 1.50 0.181 2.00 2.24 0.105
Colorado 2.41 2.67 0.284 1.09 0.88 0.284 8.83 8.14 0.397 1.49b 1.97 0.061 2.55 2.86 0.245
Connecticut 1.93 1.99 0.768 0.85b 0.60 0.080 6.71 6.33 0.608 1.31 1.47 0.453 2.04 2.13 0.682
Delaware 1.88 1.70 0.323 0.74a 0.48 0.027 5.27 4.74 0.327 1.44 1.32 0.558 2.00 1.82 0.375
District of Columbia 3.01 3.28 0.473 0.34 0.33 0.942 4.88 5.16 0.668 2.78 3.08 0.515 3.18 3.46 0.482
Florida 1.71 1.82 0.392 0.66 0.69 0.722 5.31 5.15 0.655 1.28 1.44 0.269 1.81 1.93 0.408
Georgia 1.57 1.82 0.136 0.64 0.54 0.372 3.29 3.40 0.774 1.38b 1.71 0.096 1.67 1.97 0.119
Hawaii 1.67 1.61 0.723 0.74 0.66 0.587 4.38 4.39 0.978 1.35 1.27 0.710 1.76 1.70 0.745
Idaho 1.22 1.12 0.447 0.69 0.49 0.103 3.47 3.34 0.720 0.89 0.83 0.628 1.28 1.20 0.546
Illinois 1.79 1.71 0.575 0.74a 0.46 0.011 4.17 3.86 0.360 1.52 1.50 0.917 1.91 1.84 0.698
Indiana 1.24 1.38 0.284 0.76 0.57 0.144 3.39b 4.11 0.056 0.93 1.01 0.580 1.30 1.47 0.211
Iowa 1.16 1.36 0.143 0.64 0.59 0.675 3.31 3.69 0.371 0.84 1.04 0.162 1.21 1.44 0.127
Kansas 1.34 1.36 0.856 0.74 0.58 0.211 3.66 3.55 0.811 1.00 1.07 0.631 1.40 1.45 0.767
Kentucky 1.42 1.55 0.370 0.78 0.59 0.146 3.80 4.22 0.326 1.11 1.23 0.429 1.49 1.65 0.302
Louisiana 1.62 1.76 0.440 0.63 0.60 0.773 3.38 3.39 0.987 1.42 1.61 0.359 1.73 1.88 0.427
Maine 1.75b 1.50 0.099 0.79b 0.58 0.099 5.52 5.01 0.379 1.32 1.10 0.169 1.84 1.58 0.116
Maryland 1.34 1.46 0.430 0.57 0.52 0.626 3.46 3.80 0.389 1.08 1.19 0.528 1.42 1.56 0.412
Massachusetts 1.85a 2.27 0.049 0.93 0.74 0.224 5.48 5.99 0.435 1.31a 1.79 0.038 1.94a 2.42 0.041
Michigan 1.35a 1.08 0.027 0.79a 0.35 0.000 3.57a 2.73 0.003 1.04 0.89 0.284 1.41b 1.16 0.057
Minnesota 1.33 1.31 0.914 0.63 0.50 0.228 3.63 3.35 0.488 1.03 1.08 0.774 1.40 1.40 0.979
Mississippi 1.35 1.41 0.691 0.71b 0.51 0.087 2.42 2.68 0.398 1.24 1.29 0.747 1.42 1.51 0.591
Missouri 1.26 1.06 0.167 0.71a 0.42 0.030 3.39b 2.75 0.100 0.97 0.85 0.437 1.32 1.12 0.212
Montana 1.57 1.54 0.837 1.11a 0.78 0.042 5.51 4.82 0.153 0.98 1.09 0.474 1.62 1.61 0.993
Nebraska 1.43 1.25 0.201 0.79a 0.52 0.028 4.33b 3.56 0.063 1.00 0.93 0.658 1.49 1.33 0.261
Nevada 1.39 1.46 0.613 0.92b 0.64 0.052 4.36 3.91 0.398 0.97 1.17 0.180 1.44 1.55 0.489
New Hampshire 1.96 1.96 0.976 0.84 0.82 0.881 7.27 6.86 0.596 1.26 1.31 0.772 2.07 2.07 0.975
New Jersey 1.86 1.68 0.287 0.73 0.65 0.513 5.31 5.04 0.619 1.48 1.29 0.307 1.99 1.78 0.297
New Mexico 2.07 2.13 0.780 1.27 0.95 0.137 5.72 5.32 0.503 1.54 1.73 0.470 2.16 2.26 0.677
New York 2.11 2.08 0.849 0.75 0.61 0.156 5.62 5.53 0.809 1.65 1.65 0.990 2.24 2.23 0.902
North Carolina 1.57 1.63 0.718 0.84 0.68 0.217 4.29 4.24 0.897 1.22 1.31 0.558 1.65 1.73 0.635
North Dakota 1.23 1.41 0.188 0.69 0.65 0.697 3.50 3.30 0.619 0.81a 1.08 0.050 1.28 1.48 0.170
Ohio 1.53 1.59 0.623 0.60 0.47 0.181 3.77 3.98 0.480 1.28 1.33 0.695 1.63 1.71 0.558
Oklahoma 1.29 1.13 0.242 0.71a 0.43 0.024 3.32 2.98 0.366 1.00 0.89 0.439 1.35 1.20 0.321
Oregon 1.95 1.79 0.395 1.05 0.79 0.120 6.77 5.82 0.143 1.28 1.27 0.925 2.04 1.89 0.456
Pennsylvania 1.74 1.69 0.744 0.61 0.45 0.112 4.15 4.06 0.798 1.46 1.44 0.887 1.85 1.81 0.814
Rhode Island 2.62b 2.16 0.064 0.80b 0.54 0.078 6.82a 5.45 0.037 2.02 1.71 0.272 2.79b 2.31 0.074
South Carolina 1.69 1.60 0.596 0.62 0.49 0.230 3.64 3.72 0.836 1.49 1.38 0.560 1.80 1.72 0.640
South Dakota 0.98 1.09 0.397 0.66 0.50 0.167 2.83 2.72 0.758 0.70 0.87 0.176 1.02 1.15 0.316
Tennessee 1.39 1.36 0.816 0.76 0.61 0.203 3.55 3.23 0.388 1.11 1.14 0.835 1.46 1.44 0.894
Texas 1.39 1.42 0.817 1.12a 0.74 0.007 4.22 4.02 0.517 0.90 1.02 0.322 1.42 1.50 0.531
Utah 1.69 1.55 0.438 0.74b 0.53 0.093 4.16 3.53 0.203 1.28 1.28 0.969 1.82 1.70 0.524
Vermont 2.08 2.00 0.655 1.01 0.82 0.317 7.14 6.35 0.282 1.34 1.37 0.859 2.18 2.10 0.700
Virginia 1.29 1.49 0.167 0.64 0.50 0.196 3.58 3.39 0.650 0.97a 1.28 0.044 1.35 1.59 0.137
Washington 1.60 1.70 0.532 0.78 0.68 0.451 4.95 5.30 0.493 1.14 1.23 0.601 1.68 1.80 0.492
West Virginia 1.56 1.43 0.393 1.01a 0.54 0.002 4.94a 3.93 0.027 1.12 1.15 0.827 1.61 1.52 0.545
Wisconsin 1.31 1.40 0.557 0.65 0.49 0.145 3.85 3.47 0.354 0.97 1.17 0.228 1.38 1.50 0.489
Wyoming 1.34 1.27 0.635 0.80 0.62 0.176 4.35 3.88 0.290 0.88 0.90 0.864 1.39 1.34 0.717
140915
Table 8 – Nonmedical Use of Pain Relievers in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2011-2012)
12+
(2012-2013)
12+
(P Value)
12-17
(2011-2012)
12-17
(2012-2013)
12-17
(P Value)
18-25
(2011-2012)
18-25
(2012-2013)
18-25
(P Value)
26+
(2011-2012)
26+
(2012-2013)
26+
(P Value)
18+
(2011-2012)
18+
(2012-2013)
18+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2011-2012 and the 2012-2013 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
a Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011, 2012, and 2013.
Total U.S. 4.57 4.51 0.525 5.64a 5.00 0.000 9.96a 9.47 0.011 3.50 3.60 0.310 4.45 4.46 0.910
Northeast 4.14b 3.90 0.071 4.80a 4.05 0.000 9.25a 8.64 0.037 3.20 3.09 0.485 4.07 3.89 0.193
Midwest 4.60a 4.34 0.021 5.65a 4.82 0.000 10.33a 9.41 0.000 3.49 3.41 0.577 4.49 4.29 0.106
South 4.50 4.51 0.908 5.66a 5.16 0.006 9.73 9.42 0.231 3.45 3.59 0.318 4.37 4.44 0.574
West 4.97 5.14 0.305 6.21a 5.57 0.023 10.51 10.19 0.416 3.82b 4.19 0.064 4.84 5.10 0.152
Alabama 5.22 5.42 0.590 7.19 6.32 0.165 10.55 11.02 0.618 4.05 4.35 0.480 5.01 5.33 0.426
Alaska 5.08 4.91 0.643 6.29 5.38 0.141 11.38 10.65 0.419 3.74 3.77 0.949 4.94 4.86 0.833
Arizona 5.40 5.82 0.370 7.66 7.03 0.392 11.61 11.04 0.605 4.02 4.75 0.192 5.14 5.68 0.287
Arkansas 5.84 5.38 0.275 8.30 7.15 0.113 12.93 11.53 0.166 4.32 4.11 0.673 5.57 5.19 0.388
California 4.81 5.20 0.104 5.72 5.25 0.224 9.88 10.30 0.462 3.74b 4.25 0.086 4.71b 5.20 0.063
Colorado 5.05 5.08 0.942 7.15 6.35 0.255 12.18 10.72 0.144 3.59 3.97 0.397 4.83 4.94 0.781
Connecticut 3.91 3.56 0.239 4.53 3.86 0.155 9.21 8.52 0.407 3.00 2.73 0.433 3.85 3.52 0.320
Delaware 5.43 4.87 0.156 6.24 5.60 0.300 12.45b 10.65 0.072 4.14 3.81 0.465 5.35 4.80 0.188
District of Columbia 4.41 4.62 0.596 4.05a 5.11 0.035 7.74 7.78 0.966 3.65 3.88 0.626 4.43 4.59 0.701
Florida 3.86 3.61 0.243 4.87 4.44 0.222 8.32 7.83 0.322 3.07 2.88 0.453 3.76 3.53 0.312
Georgia 4.12 4.58 0.161 5.26 5.07 0.715 8.85 8.74 0.890 3.12b 3.78 0.092 3.99 4.53 0.128
Hawaii 4.36 4.54 0.643 6.34 5.51 0.254 9.98 9.90 0.928 3.26 3.60 0.477 4.17 4.45 0.506
Idaho 5.20a 4.45 0.032 6.37 5.47 0.121 11.64b 10.03 0.066 3.89 3.33 0.181 5.06a 4.33 0.049
Illinois 4.15a 3.57 0.005 4.89a 3.81 0.001 9.69a 8.02 0.002 3.11 2.79 0.183 4.07a 3.54 0.019
Indiana 5.63 5.28 0.387 6.80b 5.71 0.079 13.47 12.23 0.229 4.09 3.99 0.838 5.50 5.23 0.539
Iowa 3.73 3.93 0.497 4.60 4.61 0.986 9.58 9.13 0.579 2.59 2.93 0.305 3.64 3.86 0.477
Kansas 4.09 3.65 0.146 5.68a 4.43 0.015 8.73 7.59 0.149 3.04 2.83 0.553 3.91 3.56 0.281
Kentucky 4.49 4.61 0.718 5.40 4.64 0.154 10.39 9.73 0.451 3.40 3.76 0.330 4.39 4.60 0.547
Louisiana 4.69 4.85 0.646 5.91 5.58 0.576 9.85 8.92 0.246 3.59 4.02 0.270 4.56 4.77 0.562
Maine 4.43b 3.80 0.054 5.09 4.35 0.151 10.98a 8.92 0.016 3.43 3.02 0.278 4.37b 3.75 0.076
Maryland 3.90 4.18 0.385 4.25 4.46 0.638 8.35 8.49 0.864 3.12 3.44 0.398 3.86 4.16 0.403
Massachusetts 3.91 3.71 0.477 4.55 4.14 0.381 8.98 8.53 0.559 2.94 2.81 0.689 3.85 3.67 0.550
Michigan 5.08 4.77 0.190 6.67a 5.86 0.028 10.78 10.11 0.217 3.90 3.71 0.507 4.91 4.65 0.320
Minnesota 4.10 3.59 0.103 5.23a 3.97 0.021 9.07 7.90 0.146 3.15 2.84 0.389 3.98 3.55 0.193
Mississippi 4.94 4.66 0.376 6.45b 5.45 0.089 10.72 9.64 0.203 3.68 3.65 0.923 4.77 4.57 0.558
Missouri 4.56 4.71 0.634 5.69 5.25 0.405 10.71 10.97 0.777 3.38 3.58 0.567 4.44 4.65 0.525
Montana 4.75a 3.93 0.019 6.99a 5.23 0.005 11.42a 9.36 0.017 3.41 2.90 0.188 4.53a 3.81 0.045
Nebraska 3.98 3.62 0.256 4.85 4.62 0.641 8.85 7.88 0.217 3.01 2.74 0.460 3.88 3.51 0.270
Nevada 5.34 5.27 0.868 6.34 5.27 0.121 11.42 10.41 0.314 4.23 4.45 0.665 5.23 5.27 0.935
New Hampshire 4.46 4.27 0.562 5.88b 4.87 0.059 11.55 10.46 0.210 3.18 3.23 0.893 4.31 4.21 0.763
New Jersey 4.50b 3.96 0.084 5.21a 4.08 0.026 10.99b 9.47 0.070 3.44 3.12 0.376 4.43 3.95 0.156
New Mexico 5.41 5.22 0.656 8.36a 6.81 0.036 11.10b 9.35 0.070 4.04 4.30 0.612 5.09 5.05 0.936
New York 4.03 3.89 0.554 4.07b 3.54 0.097 8.30 7.82 0.295 3.27 3.24 0.928 4.02 3.92 0.690
North Carolina 4.61 5.07 0.220 5.66 5.43 0.706 10.24 10.76 0.568 3.55 4.08 0.228 4.50 5.03 0.180
North Dakota 3.64 4.07 0.172 4.09 4.62 0.325 8.01 8.22 0.762 2.66 3.10 0.233 3.60 4.02 0.206
Ohio 5.00 4.90 0.674 5.82a 4.62 0.001 10.87b 9.81 0.053 3.92 4.12 0.494 4.91 4.92 0.951
Oklahoma 5.24 5.43 0.626 6.99 6.04 0.158 10.90 11.62 0.454 3.99 4.24 0.590 5.04 5.36 0.455
Oregon 5.72 5.43 0.497 6.77 6.20 0.405 13.75a 11.07 0.011 4.32 4.46 0.789 5.62 5.36 0.566
Pennsylvania 4.05 3.94 0.601 5.61a 4.56 0.005 9.06 9.11 0.930 3.03 3.01 0.928 3.90 3.88 0.929
Rhode Island 5.23 5.29 0.878 5.46 5.45 0.986 11.66 10.58 0.256 3.96 4.26 0.528 5.21 5.28 0.870
South Carolina 5.04 4.50 0.105 6.77 5.96 0.175 10.67 9.84 0.329 3.88 3.42 0.231 4.86 4.36 0.148
South Dakota 3.71 3.90 0.520 4.29 4.82 0.320 8.65 8.96 0.699 2.78 2.90 0.725 3.65 3.81 0.629
Tennessee 5.10a 4.43 0.048 6.64a 5.16 0.010 12.10a 9.52 0.006 3.76 3.50 0.498 4.94 4.35 0.104
Texas 4.54 4.42 0.558 5.59 5.00 0.128 9.19 9.06 0.804 3.50 3.46 0.847 4.41 4.34 0.775
Utah 4.38 4.11 0.426 4.36 4.28 0.871 8.84 7.80 0.185 3.35 3.23 0.771 4.38 4.08 0.422
Vermont 4.64a 3.72 0.006 5.64a 4.49 0.038 12.02a 9.12 0.001 3.26 2.71 0.131 4.54a 3.65 0.010
Virginia 4.31a 5.13 0.023 4.87 5.31 0.419 10.29 11.26 0.292 3.22a 4.06 0.038 4.25a 5.11 0.025
Washington 5.09 5.00 0.810 6.76b 5.71 0.093 10.22 9.58 0.474 4.04 4.17 0.752 4.92 4.93 0.971
West Virginia 4.44b 3.84 0.070 5.97a 4.16 0.001 11.28a 8.65 0.003 3.26 3.07 0.616 4.30 3.81 0.157
Wisconsin 4.46 4.31 0.670 5.34 5.38 0.935 9.24 8.79 0.595 3.55 3.44 0.771 4.36 4.20 0.650
Wyoming 4.33a 3.63 0.026 4.83 4.42 0.405 8.97b 7.62 0.082 3.46b 2.84 0.096 4.28a 3.55 0.031
140915
Table 9 – Alcohol Use in the Past Month, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2011-2012)
12+
(2012-2013)
12+
(P Value)
12-17
(2011-2012)
12-17
(2012-2013)
12-17
(P Value)
18-25
(2011-2012)
18-25
(2012-2013)
18-25
(P Value)
26+
(2011-2012)
26+
(2012-2013)
26+
(P Value)
18+
(2011-2012)
18+
(2012-2013)
18+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2011-2012 and the 2012-2013 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
a Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011, 2012, and 2013.
Total U.S. 51.94 52.13 0.505 13.11a 12.23 0.000 60.45 59.91 0.154 55.33 55.73 0.270 56.09 56.34 0.416
Northeast 57.31 57.75 0.343 15.81a 13.92 0.000 65.84a 64.59 0.032 60.71 61.61 0.120 61.45 62.03 0.239
Midwest 54.43a 55.23 0.033 13.14a 12.45 0.023 63.63 63.79 0.732 58.06a 59.11 0.028 58.88a 59.79 0.026
South 48.43 48.31 0.725 12.05 11.65 0.145 57.62b 56.82 0.080 51.43 51.42 0.986 52.34 52.21 0.751
West 51.03 51.02 0.989 12.80a 11.75 0.012 57.94 57.80 0.812 54.76 54.83 0.911 55.25 55.28 0.947
Alabama 43.21 43.63 0.726 11.36 11.21 0.867 52.65 50.89 0.311 45.56 46.38 0.589 46.61 47.04 0.745
Alaska 54.46 53.01 0.304 13.39a 10.47 0.024 59.47 56.44 0.105 59.28 58.21 0.552 59.31 57.93 0.378
Arizona 50.85 51.12 0.834 13.07 12.90 0.866 57.05 57.66 0.736 54.75 54.97 0.889 55.09 55.37 0.842
Arkansas 40.35 41.44 0.377 12.25 11.00 0.172 50.71a 55.10 0.007 42.14 42.96 0.601 43.39 44.72 0.324
California 49.60 49.43 0.815 13.08a 11.60 0.029 57.76 57.56 0.839 52.96 52.83 0.898 53.71 53.57 0.866
Colorado 59.20 61.03 0.110 13.40 13.10 0.782 68.08 68.52 0.775 63.22 65.52 0.115 63.92 65.95 0.107
Connecticut 61.74 60.72 0.406 17.63a 14.18 0.012 68.86 66.54 0.187 66.05 65.46 0.699 66.44 65.61 0.537
Delaware 52.55a 55.05 0.041 13.87a 11.73 0.027 63.73 61.99 0.330 55.14a 58.78 0.020 56.39a 59.24 0.033
District of Columbia 63.94 64.90 0.448 14.79a 11.94 0.021 75.13 73.46 0.367 65.08 66.84 0.263 66.98 68.05 0.426
Florida 51.88 51.78 0.889 12.45 12.79 0.594 59.41 58.36 0.279 54.97 54.91 0.950 55.55 55.36 0.811
Georgia 46.71 47.11 0.762 10.87 11.25 0.652 52.73 52.86 0.936 50.50 50.92 0.808 50.84 51.22 0.801
Hawaii 50.86 50.15 0.625 12.44 11.22 0.312 57.12 57.41 0.879 54.12 53.23 0.617 54.52 53.80 0.645
Idaho 48.97 48.19 0.556 11.31 11.27 0.964 47.76 49.53 0.306 54.56 53.22 0.425 53.53 52.68 0.560
Illinois 55.40 55.48 0.906 13.14 12.37 0.190 64.08 63.90 0.839 59.37 59.52 0.863 60.05 60.16 0.896
Indiana 51.17 51.63 0.713 11.28 12.03 0.420 61.82 62.73 0.580 54.53 54.84 0.844 55.63 56.03 0.771
Iowa 56.46 57.46 0.428 14.59a 12.42 0.021 67.11 67.60 0.756 59.74 61.18 0.371 60.85 62.14 0.351
Kansas 50.74a 53.55 0.026 11.69 11.55 0.873 60.14 58.99 0.483 54.25a 58.15 0.017 55.15a 58.28 0.026
Kentucky 44.51 44.40 0.928 10.88 10.04 0.350 56.07 56.25 0.918 46.67 46.59 0.962 48.00 47.96 0.977
Louisiana 49.62 48.54 0.376 13.33 13.03 0.763 59.07b 55.98 0.057 52.57 51.75 0.591 53.58 52.40 0.376
Maine 54.04 54.66 0.649 12.44 12.36 0.930 62.82 64.11 0.422 57.18 57.68 0.763 57.88 58.46 0.690
Maryland 58.19 58.37 0.880 14.67 13.36 0.220 66.08 64.85 0.450 62.16 62.67 0.740 62.72 62.98 0.847
Massachusetts 63.54 64.74 0.310 15.59 14.49 0.298 69.28 70.32 0.481 67.96 69.35 0.350 68.16 69.50 0.301
Michigan 53.74 54.55 0.283 13.35 12.89 0.414 62.30 63.46 0.197 57.42 58.24 0.388 58.13 59.01 0.291
Minnesota 58.57 58.85 0.819 13.10 11.90 0.218 64.24 64.69 0.785 63.19 63.59 0.800 63.34 63.74 0.768
Mississippi 41.17 42.74 0.202 13.01 11.67 0.146 54.10 56.88 0.105 42.62 44.33 0.284 44.40 46.27 0.172
Missouri 50.89 51.70 0.529 12.83 12.40 0.661 60.57 60.73 0.920 53.94 54.98 0.524 54.91 55.81 0.524
Montana 60.20 59.82 0.756 15.49a 13.24 0.041 69.06 67.10 0.202 63.79 63.79 1.000 64.53 64.25 0.839
Nebraska 53.74a 56.37 0.036 11.45 11.32 0.889 63.55 63.34 0.894 57.33a 60.81 0.031 58.26a 61.19 0.035
Nevada 52.82 54.65 0.157 13.61 12.76 0.492 59.47 58.95 0.763 56.66 59.15 0.125 57.05 59.13 0.145
New Hampshire 62.89b 65.19 0.054 14.39 14.76 0.728 73.62 73.22 0.784 66.82b 69.63 0.059 67.74b 70.11 0.068
New Jersey 56.36 55.48 0.502 17.47a 13.64 0.001 63.40a 59.07 0.011 60.05 59.98 0.968 60.49 59.86 0.664
New Mexico 46.89a 50.33 0.005 12.69 11.91 0.394 55.70 56.43 0.667 49.82a 54.20 0.005 50.69a 54.53 0.005
New York 55.49 56.35 0.295 16.56a 14.35 0.001 65.17 63.63 0.124 58.29 59.83 0.141 59.32 60.40 0.231
North Carolina 47.56 48.76 0.343 12.48 11.63 0.370 60.40b 57.29 0.061 49.72 51.88 0.177 51.23 52.65 0.305
North Dakota 59.12 59.04 0.948 12.78 11.72 0.316 71.02 70.76 0.864 61.82 61.79 0.985 63.43 63.39 0.978
Ohio 52.41b 53.83 0.054 13.62a 11.95 0.007 63.11 62.86 0.786 55.48a 57.52 0.030 56.56a 58.27 0.035
Oklahoma 46.22 47.57 0.274 10.68 10.00 0.422 56.23 56.67 0.801 49.01 50.79 0.258 50.11 51.68 0.250
Oregon 59.08 57.91 0.351 12.50 12.71 0.838 61.99 61.96 0.987 63.89 62.32 0.310 63.63 62.27 0.321
Pennsylvania 55.47 56.29 0.251 13.45 13.09 0.562 64.28 64.42 0.888 58.82 59.81 0.268 59.60 60.47 0.269
Rhode Island 63.35a 59.38 0.002 15.74 14.27 0.210 73.46a 69.37 0.007 66.80a 62.48 0.007 67.88a 63.59 0.002
South Carolina 50.32 49.59 0.545 12.18 11.69 0.597 60.54 60.41 0.944 53.09 52.22 0.565 54.17 53.41 0.563
South Dakota 57.29 56.70 0.605 14.13a 10.52 0.001 67.82a 64.36 0.041 60.79 61.07 0.848 61.83 61.56 0.829
Tennessee 39.15 38.61 0.672 10.17 9.89 0.743 49.74 48.00 0.327 40.93 40.52 0.796 42.18 41.57 0.670
Texas 48.19a 46.71 0.041 11.91 11.46 0.440 56.57 55.74 0.382 51.92b 50.14 0.062 52.66a 51.03 0.044
Utah 29.61 31.30 0.218 7.50 7.82 0.734 33.42 34.46 0.600 32.52 34.65 0.257 32.69 34.62 0.216
Vermont 58.57 58.82 0.847 17.25b 14.83 0.065 71.15 69.27 0.218 60.89 61.68 0.620 62.39 62.80 0.768
Virginia 55.13 55.15 0.988 12.15 11.96 0.839 63.50 63.94 0.778 58.84 58.76 0.960 59.52 59.51 0.996
Washington 55.70b 53.64 0.093 12.92 11.60 0.161 62.61 60.68 0.223 59.65 57.44 0.152 60.07 57.89 0.107
West Virginia 37.53 38.16 0.632 13.45a 11.14 0.028 55.99a 52.26 0.037 37.27 38.83 0.341 39.70 40.59 0.535
Wisconsin 60.96 61.56 0.638 14.83 15.12 0.802 69.06 68.99 0.965 65.23 65.94 0.661 65.77 66.37 0.673
Wyoming 53.24 54.89 0.218 14.11 12.31 0.167 62.04 63.69 0.396 56.32 58.38 0.219 57.17 59.16 0.171
140915
Table 10 – Binge Alcohol Use in the Past Month, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2011-2012)
12+
(2012-2013)
12+
(P Value)
12-17
(2011-2012)
12-17
(2012-2013)
12-17
(P Value)
18-25
(2011-2012)
18-25
(2012-2013)
18-25
(P Value)
26+
(2011-2012)
26+
(2012-2013)
26+
(P Value)
18+
(2011-2012)
18+
(2012-2013)
18+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2011-2012 and the 2012-2013 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
NOTE: Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days.
a Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011, 2012, and 2013.
Total U.S. 22.80 22.92 0.574 7.31a 6.73 0.000 39.65a 38.70 0.011 21.83 22.21 0.154 24.45 24.63 0.461
Northeast 24.64 24.31 0.380 8.26a 7.41 0.002 44.74a 43.00 0.007 23.17 23.13 0.919 26.27 25.97 0.456
Midwest 25.20 25.54 0.282 7.61a 6.89 0.001 44.06b 43.09 0.056 24.21b 24.88 0.078 27.10 27.53 0.208
South 21.48 21.45 0.916 6.86a 6.44 0.041 36.44a 35.36 0.022 20.74 20.94 0.575 23.04 23.04 0.998
West 21.24 21.77 0.143 7.06b 6.58 0.078 36.87 36.78 0.878 20.27b 21.03 0.096 22.81 23.42 0.125
Alabama 20.03 21.43 0.122 7.12 6.55 0.377 30.65 31.66 0.457 19.79 21.50 0.132 21.41 23.00 0.111
Alaska 23.63 22.10 0.102 6.74 5.78 0.104 40.65a 36.04 0.006 22.83 21.72 0.344 25.63 23.99 0.114
Arizona 21.79 22.99 0.222 6.79 6.88 0.891 37.91 38.11 0.908 20.97 22.46 0.225 23.48 24.78 0.227
Arkansas 20.42 21.02 0.486 7.54 6.63 0.192 33.36b 35.91 0.099 19.84 20.31 0.670 21.81 22.57 0.423
California 20.76 21.16 0.451 7.01 6.36 0.121 35.76 35.68 0.932 19.79 20.39 0.380 22.31 22.79 0.419
Colorado 23.00a 25.51 0.011 7.11 7.00 0.876 42.81 43.95 0.493 21.57a 24.62 0.012 24.64a 27.41 0.010
Connecticut 25.70b 23.95 0.084 8.05 7.50 0.470 46.93 44.50 0.191 24.55 22.70 0.135 27.58b 25.68 0.086
Delaware 22.91 22.38 0.585 6.81 6.12 0.247 43.23 40.75 0.166 21.31 21.12 0.863 24.51 23.96 0.602
District of Columbia 32.57 33.65 0.356 5.58 5.47 0.871 51.81 49.47 0.279 30.10 32.16 0.147 34.23 35.32 0.379
Florida 21.16 20.76 0.482 6.80 6.35 0.261 36.07 34.85 0.190 20.43 20.16 0.701 22.49 22.08 0.506
Georgia 19.42 19.76 0.714 6.45 6.42 0.957 31.97 30.67 0.379 18.94 19.62 0.562 20.92 21.29 0.719
Hawaii 21.85 23.02 0.249 6.86 6.19 0.369 38.85 39.21 0.830 20.86 22.31 0.236 23.28 24.60 0.230
Idaho 19.90 19.59 0.732 7.16 6.95 0.763 30.75 32.09 0.375 19.78 19.21 0.617 21.45 21.13 0.750
Illinois 25.78 26.59 0.197 7.50 6.82 0.135 44.77 44.13 0.498 24.91 26.14 0.117 27.79 28.74 0.173
Indiana 24.01b 22.29 0.058 7.16 7.00 0.804 43.11 40.88 0.160 22.84 20.98 0.111 25.89b 23.98 0.057
Iowa 27.54 26.27 0.213 8.67b 7.25 0.054 50.30 48.23 0.201 25.84 24.72 0.379 29.52 28.24 0.255
Kansas 23.37 24.88 0.108 7.73 7.01 0.281 40.91 39.01 0.243 22.28a 24.69 0.042 25.14b 26.89 0.092
Kentucky 22.27 22.04 0.797 7.49a 6.25 0.041 41.19 39.77 0.387 20.94 21.02 0.936 23.80 23.68 0.897
Louisiana 25.06 25.41 0.739 7.03 7.44 0.578 37.88 35.82 0.172 25.02 25.81 0.542 27.03 27.36 0.775
Maine 21.48 21.58 0.919 7.48 7.02 0.465 42.25 43.31 0.517 20.02 20.04 0.988 22.77 22.89 0.910
Maryland 23.05 23.09 0.966 7.20 6.76 0.465 43.18a 39.38 0.032 21.64 22.36 0.545 24.70 24.77 0.953
Massachusetts 26.62 25.85 0.450 8.44 8.15 0.705 47.21 46.17 0.539 25.05 24.25 0.527 28.37 27.53 0.446
Michigan 24.76 24.33 0.480 7.67a 6.44 0.004 42.94 41.69 0.176 23.81 23.58 0.764 26.62 26.24 0.579
Minnesota 26.90 27.09 0.855 7.92a 6.55 0.032 46.92 45.49 0.380 25.94 26.57 0.610 28.89 29.22 0.763
Mississippi 20.06 19.86 0.826 7.17 6.44 0.201 32.72 33.32 0.718 19.49 19.20 0.799 21.54 21.39 0.878
Missouri 23.20 24.37 0.260 7.60 7.46 0.831 39.37 40.74 0.386 22.38 23.66 0.320 24.85 26.14 0.254
Montana 25.50 25.28 0.823 8.93a 7.31 0.026 48.04a 44.67 0.028 23.70 24.11 0.736 27.11 26.99 0.917
Nebraska 24.07 23.74 0.736 7.23 7.01 0.717 41.90 42.44 0.732 23.05 22.56 0.679 25.87 25.53 0.753
Nevada 24.15 25.00 0.386 6.90 6.60 0.659 37.59 37.42 0.916 24.15 25.29 0.349 26.01 26.96 0.378
New Hampshire 24.02 24.92 0.350 8.66 8.06 0.405 50.51 48.96 0.335 21.64 23.06 0.239 25.55 26.57 0.336
New Jersey 23.45a 21.55 0.046 8.66b 7.20 0.053 45.99a 40.95 0.003 21.86 20.36 0.185 25.02b 23.06 0.061
New Mexico 21.38a 24.44 0.006 7.60 6.92 0.307 37.09 38.50 0.396 20.45a 24.23 0.007 22.91a 26.35 0.005
New York 24.22 24.76 0.417 8.48a 7.53 0.044 42.62 41.17 0.159 22.80 23.85 0.204 25.77 26.42 0.371
North Carolina 18.26b 20.02 0.056 6.90 6.58 0.585 34.26 33.46 0.615 17.00a 19.42 0.035 19.44a 21.43 0.049
North Dakota 30.37 30.43 0.956 7.47 7.21 0.726 53.79 53.75 0.982 27.96 27.94 0.988 32.49 32.56 0.954
Ohio 24.20 24.81 0.304 7.47 6.85 0.114 43.01a 41.19 0.049 23.19 24.32 0.121 25.99 26.71 0.267
Oklahoma 21.78 23.29 0.147 6.86b 5.79 0.063 38.22 38.17 0.973 20.75 22.88 0.104 23.41 25.21 0.119
Oregon 22.39 21.66 0.441 7.83 7.62 0.765 39.43 38.93 0.756 21.33 20.51 0.477 23.81 23.02 0.442
Pennsylvania 24.81 24.96 0.811 7.52 6.87 0.132 43.98 43.81 0.863 23.58 23.87 0.705 26.51 26.70 0.770
Rhode Island 30.11a 27.49 0.022 8.63b 7.37 0.085 53.92a 48.77 0.004 27.94b 25.64 0.100 32.15a 29.37 0.025
South Carolina 23.94 22.97 0.315 7.16 6.47 0.270 39.80 38.88 0.568 23.23 22.20 0.395 25.64 24.63 0.342
South Dakota 28.94a 26.56 0.017 9.12a 6.57 0.000 52.06a 45.88 0.001 27.37 25.65 0.163 31.03a 28.67 0.031
Tennessee 18.04 16.91 0.176 6.46 6.06 0.504 31.57 29.58 0.186 17.21 16.12 0.285 19.24 18.03 0.183
Texas 23.55a 22.39 0.046 6.76 6.38 0.399 37.08a 35.22 0.044 23.45 22.30 0.121 25.62a 24.35 0.050
Utah 15.83 16.25 0.614 5.50 5.85 0.587 24.24 26.16 0.239 15.65 15.78 0.902 17.27 17.73 0.628
Vermont 22.86b 21.16 0.063 9.94 8.67 0.102 49.52a 45.13 0.010 19.71 18.37 0.230 24.06b 22.29 0.075
Virginia 20.85 22.19 0.135 6.52 6.26 0.665 38.74 41.03 0.181 19.51 20.86 0.221 22.32 23.79 0.130
Washington 21.42 20.80 0.479 7.56 6.81 0.246 40.90 38.72 0.163 19.84 19.51 0.757 22.83 22.21 0.517
West Virginia 19.78 19.44 0.699 8.74 7.84 0.189 40.18a 36.68 0.023 17.89 18.04 0.884 20.78 20.49 0.760
Wisconsin 27.42a 29.99 0.032 7.60 7.23 0.611 46.19 47.32 0.518 26.71a 29.86 0.033 29.48a 32.34 0.029
Wyoming 23.29 24.41 0.238 7.90 7.78 0.852 45.36 45.35 0.999 21.26 22.75 0.212 24.83 26.08 0.228
140915
Table 11 – Perceptions of Great Risk of Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2011-2012)
12+
(2012-2013)
12+
(P Value)
12-17
(2011-2012)
12-17
(2012-2013)
12-17
(P Value)
18-25
(2011-2012)
18-25
(2012-2013)
18-25
(P Value)
26+
(2011-2012)
26+
(2012-2013)
26+
(P Value)
18+
(2011-2012)
18+
(2012-2013)
18+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2011-2012 and the 2012-2013 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
a Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011, 2012, and 2013.
Total U.S. 42.24 41.83 0.134 40.21a 39.35 0.007 34.50a 33.83 0.039 43.84 43.52 0.354 42.46 42.09 0.223
Northeast 40.79 40.36 0.341 38.92 38.54 0.500 31.73 31.50 0.690 42.54 42.04 0.390 40.98 40.53 0.374
Midwest 37.95 37.44 0.153 37.43 36.85 0.200 29.97 29.49 0.261 39.38 38.87 0.260 38.01 37.50 0.200
South 44.30 43.83 0.222 42.59a 41.39 0.007 37.53a 36.53 0.018 45.68 45.39 0.550 44.48 44.09 0.354
West 44.08 43.85 0.635 39.97 38.99 0.110 35.95 35.24 0.266 46.09 46.02 0.913 44.54 44.38 0.769
Alabama 44.83 45.70 0.482 42.69 42.25 0.774 38.73 36.90 0.239 46.18 47.64 0.348 45.06 46.06 0.463
Alaska 39.37 38.67 0.546 37.39 36.65 0.649 32.91 30.32 0.128 40.86 40.52 0.822 39.61 38.90 0.586
Arizona 44.51 42.74 0.184 40.43 38.89 0.350 36.39b 33.21 0.071 46.46 44.90 0.357 44.97 43.16 0.223
Arkansas 42.30a 39.43 0.022 40.10 38.05 0.190 34.80b 32.22 0.093 43.86b 40.84 0.055 42.54a 39.58 0.031
California 46.34 46.06 0.714 41.05 39.67 0.151 38.14 37.72 0.678 48.58 48.44 0.888 46.93 46.76 0.838
Colorado 39.24 38.15 0.372 36.37 35.63 0.655 28.70 26.89 0.244 41.37 40.35 0.502 39.54 38.41 0.399
Connecticut 42.21 42.56 0.778 37.97 38.56 0.718 29.79 31.61 0.304 44.68 44.79 0.945 42.66 42.98 0.815
Delaware 40.92 40.95 0.982 39.75 39.50 0.887 34.53 34.39 0.936 42.15 42.23 0.961 41.04 41.09 0.970
District of Columbia 39.90 40.35 0.716 43.25a 47.67 0.015 31.45 32.04 0.767 41.64 41.68 0.978 39.70 39.91 0.867
Florida 46.50 45.45 0.218 42.32 42.49 0.850 41.00a 38.79 0.022 47.78 46.77 0.327 46.88 45.72 0.207
Georgia 43.28b 45.70 0.059 43.40 43.47 0.964 37.64 38.94 0.407 44.28b 47.21 0.075 43.26b 45.95 0.059
Hawaii 40.39 40.18 0.882 40.30 40.77 0.790 31.49 33.64 0.203 41.78 41.15 0.709 40.39 40.13 0.859
Idaho 39.03 40.89 0.128 34.60 35.23 0.669 32.15 32.63 0.762 40.90 43.15 0.154 39.57 41.58 0.140
Illinois 40.80b 39.46 0.054 40.43a 37.57 0.002 32.32 31.81 0.572 42.29 41.00 0.144 40.84 39.66 0.124
Indiana 37.78 38.09 0.801 38.15 39.27 0.487 30.00 29.58 0.772 39.12 39.46 0.832 37.74 37.96 0.872
Iowa 35.10 34.28 0.470 34.84 33.91 0.533 27.80 26.77 0.501 36.43 35.65 0.585 35.13 34.31 0.517
Kansas 37.24 36.47 0.527 36.53 34.83 0.275 28.19 26.89 0.353 38.98 38.44 0.726 37.32 36.66 0.623
Kentucky 41.81 40.98 0.514 39.49a 34.96 0.003 35.99a 32.76 0.039 43.05 43.07 0.992 42.05 41.60 0.750
Louisiana 42.32 41.96 0.742 44.17a 41.01 0.036 38.90 36.69 0.154 42.73 43.05 0.816 42.12 42.06 0.962
Maine 36.62 36.69 0.952 36.35 36.28 0.963 28.10 27.59 0.730 37.85 38.01 0.920 36.64 36.73 0.949
Maryland 43.58 42.02 0.231 44.83a 41.61 0.048 35.45 35.13 0.845 44.78 43.21 0.337 43.45 42.06 0.335
Massachusetts 38.98b 36.73 0.069 34.74 34.19 0.719 29.13 26.52 0.101 41.20 38.81 0.122 39.39b 36.97 0.073
Michigan 39.66 40.40 0.301 38.39 37.62 0.399 31.44 32.27 0.337 41.24 42.16 0.315 39.80 40.70 0.256
Minnesota 36.80 35.65 0.360 33.05 34.41 0.392 26.12 24.83 0.379 39.01 37.57 0.361 37.19 35.78 0.303
Mississippi 46.11 45.57 0.656 44.99a 41.53 0.023 40.68 39.87 0.630 47.26 47.16 0.946 46.24 46.02 0.873
Missouri 36.69 35.78 0.442 38.53 37.56 0.525 30.70 31.00 0.853 37.49 36.38 0.455 36.50 35.60 0.483
Montana 37.94 36.48 0.257 33.91 35.79 0.215 27.04 25.17 0.174 40.17 38.41 0.269 38.33 36.55 0.205
Nebraska 37.06b 39.08 0.090 39.31 38.41 0.580 26.87 27.28 0.784 38.57b 41.24 0.078 36.82b 39.15 0.074
Nevada 42.76 44.26 0.271 39.88 38.59 0.443 36.52 36.50 0.991 44.13 46.20 0.215 43.07 44.86 0.231
New Hampshire 37.43b 35.01 0.057 35.16a 32.05 0.037 26.41a 21.29 0.000 39.42 37.50 0.223 37.66b 35.30 0.090
New Jersey 42.97 42.79 0.886 39.71 37.89 0.246 32.59 33.70 0.499 44.93 44.75 0.908 43.32 43.30 0.990
New Mexico 46.08 45.45 0.613 38.30 37.38 0.582 39.42 39.23 0.915 48.25 47.57 0.670 46.94 46.33 0.657
New York 43.45 43.17 0.723 41.17 40.97 0.847 34.66 34.94 0.765 45.27 44.86 0.679 43.68 43.38 0.733
North Carolina 43.86 42.37 0.246 41.11 40.80 0.851 36.07 36.97 0.583 45.48 43.47 0.207 44.14 42.53 0.250
North Dakota 35.54 34.09 0.207 34.96 35.78 0.587 26.80 25.39 0.321 37.46 35.80 0.260 35.59 33.94 0.183
Ohio 37.27 36.60 0.369 36.69 37.03 0.707 29.99 28.85 0.198 38.54 37.83 0.449 37.33 36.56 0.345
Oklahoma 43.44a 40.91 0.048 39.71 37.45 0.167 39.12a 34.34 0.003 44.70 42.54 0.184 43.84b 41.29 0.071
Oregon 38.18 38.30 0.925 35.07 35.69 0.685 30.97 30.30 0.653 39.68 39.86 0.912 38.49 38.55 0.961
Pennsylvania 37.02 36.97 0.946 38.50 38.89 0.679 29.79 29.34 0.636 38.07 38.03 0.960 36.88 36.79 0.908
Rhode Island 37.28 37.33 0.969 37.03 37.84 0.631 30.28 27.94 0.125 38.66 39.08 0.784 37.30 37.28 0.985
South Carolina 42.65 43.58 0.462 43.06 42.28 0.630 34.48 33.60 0.573 44.00 45.44 0.364 42.61 43.71 0.424
South Dakota 36.24 35.70 0.657 36.18 36.84 0.680 27.17 27.54 0.822 37.83 37.00 0.577 36.24 35.58 0.617
Tennessee 43.05a 46.25 0.016 42.52 42.18 0.822 37.76 38.56 0.620 43.99a 48.01 0.016 43.10a 46.67 0.015
Texas 46.31a 44.73 0.037 43.76a 41.49 0.020 38.04 37.04 0.281 48.25 46.66 0.107 46.62b 45.13 0.078
Utah 46.23 45.27 0.468 47.15 45.75 0.455 40.27 38.33 0.311 47.45 46.79 0.702 46.10 45.20 0.545
Vermont 37.71 37.84 0.923 31.12 30.01 0.461 24.77 25.73 0.502 40.64 40.76 0.942 38.32 38.55 0.876
Virginia 41.33 40.94 0.764 41.38 42.22 0.608 33.62 32.01 0.312 42.65 42.31 0.836 41.33 40.81 0.717
Washington 41.42 42.70 0.312 38.14 38.22 0.961 31.38 31.71 0.836 43.47 45.04 0.322 41.75 43.15 0.312
West Virginia 39.83 41.77 0.118 36.98 38.04 0.490 30.45 32.82 0.143 41.53 43.52 0.190 40.08 42.11 0.134
Wisconsin 35.25 34.43 0.504 33.99 34.27 0.866 28.79 27.71 0.456 36.49 35.56 0.555 35.39 34.44 0.492
Wyoming 35.57 36.50 0.429 36.82 35.64 0.431 26.33 27.84 0.375 37.04 38.10 0.464 35.45 36.58 0.372
140915
Table 12 – Alcohol Use and Binge Alcohol Use in the Past Month among Individuals Aged 12 to 20, by State: Percentages and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 NSDUHs
State Alcohol Use in
Past Month
(2011-2012)
Alcohol Use in
Past Month
(2012-2013)
Alcohol Use in
Past Month
(P Value)
Binge Alcohol Use in
Past Month
(2011-2012)
Binge Alcohol Use in
Past Month
(2012-2013)
Binge Alcohol Use in
Past Month
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2011-2012 and the 2012-2013 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
NOTE: Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days.
a Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011, 2012, and 2013.
Total U.S. 24.70a 23.52 0.000 15.55a 14.75 0.002
Northeast 29.18a 26.68 0.000 18.01a 16.63 0.000
Midwest 25.49a 24.69 0.020 16.91a 15.91 0.000
South 22.37a 21.43 0.005 14.09a 13.33 0.003
West 24.28b 23.44 0.077 14.77 14.55 0.559
Alabama 20.45 19.58 0.373 13.01 12.30 0.358
Alaska 22.90b 20.71 0.063 15.00a 12.68 0.004
Arizona 22.95 23.30 0.733 14.00 14.54 0.510
Arkansas 22.01a 19.98 0.034 15.34a 13.54 0.017
California 25.18b 23.79 0.051 14.99 14.40 0.319
Colorado 25.51 25.95 0.692 14.97 15.79 0.348
Connecticut 30.72a 28.05 0.029 18.60 17.46 0.239
Delaware 27.54a 23.65 0.000 16.99a 14.39 0.004
District of Columbia 38.42a 31.52 0.000 21.77a 18.14 0.018
Florida 23.93 23.25 0.312 14.42a 13.15 0.015
Georgia 19.69 20.84 0.246 12.05 13.00 0.205
Hawaii 21.51 20.07 0.208 13.01 12.01 0.289
Idaho 19.99 19.67 0.744 13.38 12.60 0.309
Illinois 25.12b 24.04 0.093 16.48b 15.45 0.062
Indiana 24.23 24.06 0.872 16.43 15.32 0.202
Iowa 28.11a 24.67 0.001 19.54a 16.56 0.003
Kansas 24.25 23.03 0.184 16.61 15.39 0.127
Kentucky 20.66 20.38 0.784 15.11 14.53 0.477
Louisiana 24.01b 21.92 0.057 14.47 14.42 0.954
Maine 24.72 23.89 0.446 16.18 15.62 0.520
Maryland 24.98a 22.89 0.040 14.40 13.24 0.138
Massachusetts 30.75b 28.73 0.079 19.07 17.90 0.227
Michigan 25.93 25.74 0.780 17.14a 15.89 0.028
Minnesota 23.98 23.80 0.865 16.49 15.46 0.222
Mississippi 22.03 22.60 0.566 12.98 13.28 0.709
Missouri 22.99 22.94 0.961 14.82 15.26 0.612
Montana 29.93 28.45 0.168 19.65 18.44 0.193
Nebraska 24.92 24.02 0.408 16.66 16.18 0.589
Nevada 25.26 23.83 0.262 14.57 14.13 0.639
New Hampshire 34.84 35.72 0.426 23.12 23.21 0.930
New Jersey 28.96a 23.34 0.000 18.35a 14.77 0.000
New Mexico 21.65 21.14 0.635 14.08 14.13 0.958
New York 29.51a 26.77 0.000 17.67a 15.84 0.002
North Carolina 21.25a 18.62 0.007 12.63 11.62 0.211
North Dakota 32.83 31.25 0.160 24.21 22.95 0.236
Ohio 26.44a 24.38 0.004 17.21a 15.54 0.004
Oklahoma 22.30 22.54 0.811 14.87 15.36 0.556
Oregon 24.47 25.33 0.431 16.36 16.94 0.515
Pennsylvania 26.99 25.97 0.128 16.77 17.00 0.713
Rhode Island 31.48 32.57 0.387 20.44 21.17 0.522
South Carolina 22.22 21.99 0.821 14.49 13.79 0.358
South Dakota 26.31b 24.41 0.083 19.15 17.79 0.138
Tennessee 18.21 16.77 0.158 11.94 11.48 0.568
Texas 22.37 21.71 0.286 14.06 13.35 0.192
Utah 15.73 14.57 0.273 10.82 11.21 0.653
Vermont 33.09a 29.60 0.003 21.45b 19.58 0.066
Virginia 23.94 22.54 0.202 16.02a 14.28 0.039
Washington 24.17 24.40 0.837 14.99 15.47 0.592
West Virginia 26.87a 22.70 0.000 21.10a 17.57 0.000
Wisconsin 27.54 28.63 0.353 17.66 18.21 0.547
Wyoming 27.21 26.38 0.496 18.31 18.04 0.793
140915
Table 13 – Tobacco Product Use in the Past Month, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2011-2012)
12+
(2012-2013)
12+
(P Value)
12-17
(2011-2012)
12-17
(2012-2013)
12-17
(P Value)
18-25
(2011-2012)
18-25
(2012-2013)
18-25
(P Value)
26+
(2011-2012)
26+
(2012-2013)
26+
(P Value)
18+
(2011-2012)
18+
(2012-2013)
18+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2011-2012 and the 2012-2013 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
NOTE: Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco.
a Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011, 2012, and 2013.
Total U.S. 26.60a 26.10 0.026 9.30a 8.24 0.000 38.75a 37.55 0.000 26.67 26.34 0.237 28.45b 27.99 0.060
Northeast 25.62a 24.64 0.009 9.46a 8.14 0.000 38.04a 36.74 0.021 25.42b 24.50 0.053 27.23a 26.25 0.017
Midwest 29.49 29.30 0.570 10.47a 9.43 0.000 43.29a 42.09 0.013 29.53 29.60 0.864 31.54 31.42 0.751
South 27.99b 27.46 0.079 9.50a 8.45 0.000 39.18b 38.28 0.054 28.39 27.98 0.290 29.98 29.49 0.144
West 22.49 22.13 0.315 7.83a 6.89 0.001 34.60a 32.99 0.011 22.23 22.14 0.855 24.11 23.79 0.412
Alabama 32.20 31.54 0.561 10.77a 8.83 0.020 43.71 42.18 0.332 32.87 32.50 0.794 34.49 33.93 0.656
Alaska 31.53 30.15 0.226 10.30 10.13 0.866 46.56a 41.92 0.008 31.72 30.70 0.485 34.04 32.47 0.215
Arizona 25.99a 23.65 0.024 7.93 7.11 0.256 37.36 35.29 0.219 26.39a 23.79 0.046 28.01a 25.49 0.028
Arkansas 31.62 33.29 0.178 11.68 10.63 0.265 42.67 42.19 0.757 32.25 34.63 0.127 33.77 35.73 0.152
California 19.40 19.05 0.499 6.56a 5.66 0.030 31.10a 29.19 0.039 18.93 18.90 0.969 20.85 20.51 0.566
Colorado 28.50 27.81 0.504 10.63b 8.78 0.054 43.10 43.71 0.722 28.19 27.41 0.544 30.34 29.76 0.609
Connecticut 24.69a 21.76 0.004 8.44a 6.91 0.040 37.70a 34.09 0.031 24.64a 21.61 0.015 26.42a 23.32 0.006
Delaware 28.04 28.22 0.863 10.07 8.94 0.165 40.16 39.71 0.780 28.06 28.46 0.767 29.82 30.09 0.820
District of Columbia 25.32a 27.52 0.032 6.11 6.42 0.658 33.58 35.52 0.221 24.86b 27.28 0.056 26.50a 28.77 0.037
Florida 24.59 23.78 0.216 7.24 7.27 0.945 34.87 34.46 0.658 24.87 23.92 0.231 26.20 25.30 0.203
Georgia 26.53 26.81 0.794 10.27a 8.32 0.015 36.28 36.74 0.774 27.00 27.53 0.692 28.41 28.92 0.660
Hawaii 20.31 20.24 0.946 8.57 7.91 0.441 33.79 31.67 0.209 19.50 19.78 0.824 21.43 21.39 0.976
Idaho 25.90 24.97 0.384 9.25 8.04 0.136 35.30 35.28 0.990 26.60 25.58 0.457 27.92 27.03 0.456
Illinois 26.40 26.13 0.676 8.46a 7.51 0.039 39.94 38.76 0.212 26.41 26.35 0.946 28.37 28.15 0.752
Indiana 32.86 32.30 0.612 10.93 10.32 0.472 44.66 45.00 0.832 33.65 32.92 0.604 35.31 34.74 0.645
Iowa 26.69 27.46 0.437 10.57 9.33 0.151 42.53 43.23 0.660 25.88 26.90 0.419 28.38 29.35 0.377
Kansas 29.60 28.20 0.183 10.46a 8.81 0.044 43.80 41.68 0.169 29.58 28.33 0.351 31.76 30.38 0.240
Kentucky 38.45a 35.29 0.006 14.50a 12.01 0.015 54.07a 48.94 0.002 38.76a 35.85 0.044 40.93a 37.70 0.011
Louisiana 32.95 31.30 0.118 9.96 10.75 0.367 41.32 40.22 0.464 34.39 32.31 0.126 35.47b 33.53 0.099
Maine 28.46 27.05 0.237 10.09 9.02 0.209 44.04 42.36 0.301 28.18 26.75 0.328 30.15 28.67 0.255
Maryland 23.39 22.07 0.167 7.53 6.64 0.167 36.29 35.13 0.448 23.17 21.76 0.226 25.04 23.65 0.187
Massachusetts 23.81 22.86 0.330 10.92a 7.89 0.000 34.22 34.03 0.905 23.43 22.57 0.480 25.05 24.28 0.472
Michigan 30.77b 29.62 0.080 10.77a 9.65 0.038 44.30a 41.35 0.002 30.99 30.10 0.283 32.95 31.75 0.101
Minnesota 26.84 26.76 0.938 10.56a 8.86 0.037 44.04 43.33 0.673 26.01 26.23 0.862 28.55 28.63 0.946
Mississippi 35.53 36.69 0.330 12.86 12.27 0.554 46.46 47.13 0.690 36.60 38.07 0.338 38.13 39.47 0.313
Missouri 31.76 33.52 0.147 12.28 11.41 0.344 44.39 45.23 0.599 32.02 34.24 0.145 33.82 35.83 0.133
Montana 30.98 31.09 0.920 15.47a 11.96 0.001 49.68b 46.89 0.089 29.68 30.63 0.485 32.48 32.91 0.720
Nebraska 26.45 26.36 0.928 9.84 9.17 0.407 40.15 40.61 0.774 26.13 26.02 0.927 28.22 28.20 0.982
Nevada 26.99 27.37 0.741 9.10 8.30 0.300 39.60 37.96 0.338 27.20 28.03 0.560 28.92 29.40 0.703
New Hampshire 26.13 25.54 0.546 10.93b 9.45 0.085 42.86 41.92 0.537 25.26 24.78 0.689 27.65 27.11 0.616
New Jersey 23.33a 20.40 0.004 8.71a 6.75 0.011 36.81a 33.13 0.017 23.08a 20.12 0.020 24.88a 21.83 0.007
New Mexico 26.07 27.43 0.229 11.31 10.11 0.235 42.98 42.25 0.675 25.07 27.08 0.157 27.71 29.33 0.195
New York 24.12 23.93 0.767 7.95 7.21 0.111 35.53 34.36 0.197 23.98 24.01 0.971 25.71 25.55 0.812
North Carolina 28.03 26.99 0.320 9.34b 7.97 0.086 39.55 37.94 0.303 28.41 27.49 0.486 29.99 28.98 0.388
North Dakota 29.80 30.81 0.308 11.30 11.14 0.863 45.20 46.48 0.429 28.62 29.61 0.432 31.52 32.62 0.308
Ohio 32.20 31.54 0.306 11.57a 10.16 0.012 46.18a 43.73 0.015 32.46 32.17 0.714 34.41 33.81 0.399
Oklahoma 35.11 35.12 0.994 12.33a 9.85 0.011 46.83 46.87 0.979 35.94 36.27 0.840 37.60 37.88 0.843
Oregon 26.34 26.94 0.580 8.91 8.73 0.816 39.04b 36.27 0.087 26.29 27.50 0.366 28.04 28.70 0.581
Pennsylvania 30.00 29.71 0.644 11.40 10.68 0.216 43.23 43.51 0.785 29.92 29.57 0.657 31.83 31.55 0.685
Rhode Island 28.05 26.91 0.262 9.97b 8.52 0.082 40.49b 37.78 0.080 27.70 26.87 0.515 29.77 28.63 0.305
South Carolina 33.22a 30.58 0.017 12.18a 9.91 0.009 43.86 42.50 0.410 33.90a 30.99 0.035 35.35a 32.67 0.026
South Dakota 31.76 30.86 0.403 12.40a 9.82 0.006 48.23b 45.21 0.087 31.29 30.95 0.797 33.80 33.07 0.543
Tennessee 32.78 31.12 0.146 11.47 10.35 0.208 42.99b 40.35 0.087 33.68 32.10 0.267 35.00 33.27 0.169
Texas 24.44 23.98 0.423 8.09a 7.02 0.020 35.72 34.74 0.297 24.71 24.43 0.706 26.46 26.06 0.537
Utah 18.94 20.38 0.136 6.24 5.95 0.697 25.10 25.94 0.589 19.70 21.62 0.130 20.71 22.42 0.117
Vermont 28.39 27.22 0.270 13.45a 11.14 0.026 47.56 45.07 0.121 26.73 25.86 0.502 29.77 28.68 0.344
Virginia 25.18a 27.63 0.017 8.68 8.59 0.885 38.05 38.98 0.561 24.96a 27.95 0.019 26.87a 29.55 0.017
Washington 24.65 24.32 0.718 9.40 8.33 0.169 39.58 37.66 0.226 24.00 24.02 0.986 26.21 25.94 0.787
West Virginia 37.24 37.76 0.655 15.17a 12.84 0.026 51.38 48.85 0.128 37.40 38.66 0.386 39.22 40.01 0.544
Wisconsin 27.07 28.02 0.370 9.63 9.59 0.964 39.99 38.69 0.403 27.05 28.47 0.279 28.89 29.93 0.375
Wyoming 32.47 32.83 0.752 13.44 11.97 0.150 48.84 48.61 0.890 31.87 32.56 0.631 34.38 34.92 0.662
140915
Table 14 – Cigarette Use in the Past Month, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2011-2012)
12+
(2012-2013)
12+
(P Value)
12-17
(2011-2012)
12-17
(2012-2013)
12-17
(P Value)
18-25
(2011-2012)
18-25
(2012-2013)
18-25
(P Value)
26+
(2011-2012)
26+
(2012-2013)
26+
(P Value)
18+
(2011-2012)
18+
(2012-2013)
18+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2011-2012 and the 2012-2013 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
a Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011, 2012, and 2013.
Total U.S. 22.09b 21.69 0.064 7.16a 6.08 0.000 32.65a 31.23 0.000 22.13 21.97 0.554 23.68 23.33 0.142
Northeast 21.17a 20.22 0.009 7.05a 5.86 0.000 32.37a 30.59 0.002 20.94b 20.13 0.082 22.58a 21.63 0.017
Midwest 24.46 24.45 0.968 8.14a 7.11 0.000 35.76a 34.44 0.008 24.58 24.91 0.418 26.22 26.29 0.814
South 23.22 22.84 0.199 7.19a 6.14 0.000 33.02a 31.69 0.006 23.55 23.41 0.718 24.94 24.62 0.327
West 18.81 18.45 0.298 6.30a 5.23 0.000 29.54a 28.14 0.023 18.51 18.41 0.810 20.19 19.88 0.421
Alabama 25.84 26.03 0.858 8.22a 6.25 0.004 36.57b 33.74 0.078 26.17 27.14 0.476 27.72 28.11 0.743
Alaska 25.66a 22.72 0.005 7.57 6.44 0.137 38.13a 33.58 0.006 25.88a 22.91 0.026 27.80a 24.60 0.006
Arizona 22.14a 19.82 0.015 6.44 5.46 0.102 32.60b 29.82 0.074 22.39a 19.96 0.042 23.90a 21.42 0.020
Arkansas 25.38 26.82 0.178 8.71 7.56 0.114 34.85 34.02 0.584 25.87 28.02 0.114 27.17 28.90 0.149
California 16.34 16.29 0.929 5.43a 4.31 0.003 26.98 25.83 0.204 15.81 16.08 0.700 17.57 17.61 0.950
Colorado 22.87b 21.25 0.095 7.87a 6.29 0.023 34.52 34.11 0.794 22.71 20.87 0.130 24.41 22.78 0.127
Connecticut 20.32a 17.93 0.012 6.34a 4.87 0.013 33.22a 28.88 0.007 20.01b 17.78 0.056 21.81a 19.30 0.017
Delaware 23.71 23.21 0.649 7.68 6.85 0.233 36.05 34.10 0.219 23.47 23.22 0.855 25.30 24.80 0.674
District of Columbia 21.38a 23.47 0.050 4.73 4.62 0.852 28.47b 31.40 0.072 21.00 23.09 0.121 22.40b 24.59 0.054
Florida 20.95 20.20 0.246 5.55b 4.95 0.086 29.09 28.04 0.242 21.35 20.62 0.368 22.38 21.60 0.267
Georgia 21.05 21.65 0.568 8.12a 6.05 0.001 30.86 30.09 0.637 21.06 22.25 0.371 22.54 23.44 0.446
Hawaii 18.06 17.17 0.397 6.25 5.40 0.206 28.83 26.59 0.153 17.68 16.96 0.585 19.18 18.27 0.429
Idaho 21.50 21.23 0.796 7.84 6.76 0.132 29.55 30.22 0.642 22.01 21.73 0.828 23.16 22.99 0.886
Illinois 22.30 22.68 0.525 6.54b 5.89 0.096 34.25 33.13 0.227 22.30 23.04 0.332 24.03 24.50 0.482
Indiana 26.78 25.74 0.338 8.60 7.72 0.206 36.66 36.13 0.739 27.41 26.25 0.399 28.80 27.74 0.377
Iowa 22.45 23.12 0.494 8.77a 7.25 0.039 35.07 35.40 0.832 21.91 22.90 0.426 23.88 24.77 0.413
Kansas 23.66 22.97 0.497 7.72a 6.29 0.021 33.93 31.53 0.123 23.92 23.63 0.822 25.46 24.84 0.589
Kentucky 32.44b 30.33 0.093 11.60a 9.50 0.013 45.22a 40.59 0.007 32.85 31.15 0.287 34.60 32.49 0.130
Louisiana 27.49b 25.58 0.070 8.04 8.10 0.944 35.71 34.41 0.390 28.50b 26.22 0.094 29.62b 27.48 0.068
Maine 24.77 23.14 0.121 8.41b 7.23 0.082 36.80a 33.43 0.030 24.78 23.32 0.248 26.28 24.57 0.137
Maryland 19.10 18.24 0.350 5.69 5.05 0.202 30.26 27.96 0.118 18.87 18.21 0.561 20.50 19.59 0.374
Massachusetts 18.56 18.39 0.847 7.38a 5.57 0.004 28.33 27.60 0.617 18.10 18.20 0.933 19.63 19.60 0.972
Michigan 25.91 25.29 0.328 8.14a 7.14 0.015 36.91a 34.27 0.006 26.29 26.02 0.742 27.85 27.23 0.384
Minnesota 21.98 21.47 0.596 8.87a 7.04 0.009 37.13 35.47 0.315 21.10 20.94 0.893 23.36 22.97 0.719
Mississippi 29.28 30.62 0.249 8.88 8.11 0.305 38.80 39.29 0.779 30.30 32.06 0.248 31.61 33.17 0.232
Missouri 25.60a 28.21 0.022 9.37 8.63 0.326 35.96 38.42 0.127 25.84a 28.87 0.034 27.31a 30.26 0.020
Montana 24.50 24.52 0.984 11.05a 7.93 0.000 40.10a 36.47 0.026 23.47 24.40 0.463 25.80 26.10 0.790
Nebraska 22.10 21.97 0.900 7.62 6.79 0.195 32.51 30.46 0.197 22.10 22.38 0.831 23.65 23.59 0.960
Nevada 23.45 24.15 0.538 7.00 6.05 0.134 35.36 33.00 0.152 23.59 24.97 0.327 25.22 26.08 0.496
New Hampshire 20.33 20.04 0.772 8.69a 7.06 0.021 35.02 33.53 0.319 19.37 19.39 0.990 21.50 21.31 0.865
New Jersey 19.96a 17.13 0.007 6.74a 5.12 0.011 32.78a 28.43 0.003 19.64a 16.86 0.032 21.37a 18.39 0.010
New Mexico 22.20 22.80 0.585 8.54 7.36 0.127 35.07 35.18 0.950 21.75 22.63 0.527 23.72 24.49 0.526
New York 20.50 19.92 0.361 5.76b 5.10 0.065 30.86a 29.02 0.050 20.38 20.02 0.649 21.95 21.35 0.387
North Carolina 23.70 23.01 0.508 7.35b 6.18 0.083 34.06 31.91 0.187 23.98 23.59 0.763 25.41 24.78 0.584
North Dakota 24.86 25.03 0.871 8.92 8.10 0.301 36.03 34.91 0.494 24.29 24.79 0.716 26.34 26.59 0.831
Ohio 27.23 26.46 0.232 8.62a 7.35 0.005 37.80a 35.08 0.003 27.81 27.40 0.624 29.22 28.49 0.302
Oklahoma 30.05 29.24 0.488 8.39a 6.57 0.015 38.46 37.80 0.681 31.34 30.63 0.639 32.42 31.71 0.589
Oregon 21.38 21.13 0.800 6.84 6.23 0.318 32.18b 29.28 0.054 21.30 21.50 0.864 22.79 22.57 0.831
Pennsylvania 24.26 24.05 0.729 8.83a 7.61 0.009 35.58 35.83 0.807 24.14 23.96 0.810 25.78 25.64 0.836
Rhode Island 21.70 20.57 0.287 7.72a 6.17 0.009 33.33a 30.33 0.049 21.05 20.30 0.578 23.03 21.91 0.339
South Carolina 28.06b 26.05 0.064 9.40a 7.33 0.003 37.56 35.68 0.243 28.65 26.62 0.134 29.94b 27.94 0.092
South Dakota 25.57 26.00 0.673 9.30b 7.95 0.095 39.01 36.50 0.141 25.24 26.39 0.372 27.28 27.89 0.585
Tennessee 27.23b 25.24 0.070 8.70 7.62 0.110 34.84 32.90 0.215 28.23 26.10 0.122 29.16b 27.06 0.084
Texas 20.42 19.94 0.441 5.96b 5.17 0.058 31.00 29.70 0.152 20.54 20.26 0.725 22.20 21.75 0.517
Utah 16.03 17.52 0.113 5.64 5.40 0.732 23.20 23.60 0.798 16.18b 18.24 0.097 17.48 19.23 0.102
Vermont 22.09 21.42 0.502 9.46b 8.11 0.071 35.70 35.13 0.715 21.12 20.47 0.598 23.25 22.62 0.564
Virginia 19.81a 22.61 0.006 6.27 6.13 0.804 30.36 31.78 0.376 19.63a 23.00 0.008 21.20a 24.27 0.007
Washington 20.44 19.83 0.513 7.73 6.64 0.115 32.98 30.68 0.133 19.88 19.60 0.813 21.74 21.16 0.577
West Virginia 29.81 30.51 0.563 11.18a 8.94 0.006 41.87a 38.18 0.025 29.93 31.58 0.270 31.49 32.46 0.466
Wisconsin 21.69 22.20 0.614 8.17 7.39 0.288 32.45 31.13 0.371 21.54 22.51 0.457 23.10 23.74 0.574
Wyoming 25.30 25.32 0.980 9.95 9.37 0.479 37.58 37.06 0.753 24.97 25.17 0.870 26.84 26.93 0.935
140915
Table 15 – Perceptions of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2011-2012)
12+
(2012-2013)
12+
(P Value)
12-17
(2011-2012)
12-17
(2012-2013)
12-17
(P Value)
18-25
(2011-2012)
18-25
(2012-2013)
18-25
(P Value)
26+
(2011-2012)
26+
(2012-2013)
26+
(P Value)
18+
(2011-2012)
18+
(2012-2013)
18+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2011-2012 and the 2012-2013 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
a Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011, 2012, and 2013.
Total U.S. 71.43 71.24 0.409 65.92a 64.96 0.002 66.26 66.32 0.828 73.01 72.86 0.606 72.01 71.90 0.644
Northeast 73.68 73.30 0.343 66.86a 65.81 0.043 67.61 68.00 0.467 75.48 75.03 0.375 74.35 74.03 0.458
Midwest 67.73 67.84 0.736 65.29a 64.20 0.014 62.51 62.78 0.556 68.92 69.16 0.587 67.99 68.22 0.522
South 71.04 70.63 0.179 65.28b 64.52 0.068 65.67 65.59 0.857 72.69 72.25 0.267 71.66 71.28 0.263
West 73.73 73.74 0.976 66.82b 65.74 0.056 69.48 69.34 0.808 75.39 75.55 0.767 74.49 74.60 0.800
Alabama 68.16 68.45 0.806 62.97 61.57 0.349 63.20 61.98 0.430 69.68 70.41 0.627 68.71 69.17 0.724
Alaska 66.99 65.69 0.290 62.42a 59.08 0.037 59.97 59.31 0.704 68.93 67.79 0.475 67.52 66.45 0.431
Arizona 69.67 70.32 0.584 63.92 61.41 0.132 65.04 65.13 0.960 71.23 72.39 0.458 70.31 71.31 0.448
Arkansas 67.14b 65.16 0.091 63.77a 59.96 0.020 61.48 61.80 0.830 68.52 66.38 0.151 67.49 65.72 0.166
California 76.47 76.15 0.623 68.07 67.02 0.259 72.90 72.59 0.734 78.26 77.99 0.755 77.41 77.14 0.713
Colorado 71.37 72.96 0.122 66.64 66.56 0.958 64.89 66.52 0.314 73.03 74.81 0.174 71.86 73.62 0.120
Connecticut 74.44 74.02 0.687 68.88 68.51 0.810 66.51 69.07 0.124 76.37 75.48 0.497 75.03 74.60 0.705
Delaware 74.39 73.17 0.253 65.06 65.64 0.691 69.31 70.19 0.552 76.34 74.52 0.182 75.31 73.89 0.227
District of Columbia 76.59 75.63 0.349 60.21 60.00 0.893 71.55 72.60 0.500 79.02 77.43 0.219 77.60 76.55 0.335
Florida 75.81 75.09 0.289 69.08 70.43 0.125 69.50 69.60 0.915 77.48 76.40 0.198 76.43 75.51 0.215
Georgia 71.24 71.92 0.540 66.16 64.42 0.251 66.33 67.14 0.602 72.81 73.78 0.500 71.83 72.77 0.441
Hawaii 73.02 73.22 0.867 62.03 63.61 0.346 69.44 68.59 0.602 74.78 74.98 0.894 74.06 74.11 0.970
Idaho 68.33 68.73 0.729 65.07 63.22 0.206 63.50 64.46 0.530 69.65 70.26 0.691 68.72 69.40 0.605
Illinois 70.79 70.24 0.418 65.78 64.23 0.101 65.95 64.97 0.293 72.25 71.89 0.675 71.34 70.89 0.547
Indiana 67.19 67.86 0.555 66.73 64.91 0.234 62.86 62.85 0.994 68.02 69.13 0.453 67.24 68.18 0.455
Iowa 67.04 67.52 0.675 67.65 65.93 0.222 61.68 61.65 0.989 67.91 68.74 0.567 66.97 67.68 0.575
Kansas 66.71 68.41 0.121 63.92 64.71 0.612 61.49 62.76 0.437 68.03 69.93 0.190 67.02 68.82 0.141
Kentucky 63.45 62.60 0.501 61.73 59.93 0.243 57.85 56.64 0.472 64.58 63.91 0.676 63.62 62.87 0.591
Louisiana 71.05 70.58 0.658 63.11 62.94 0.908 67.23 65.45 0.235 72.78 72.49 0.830 71.91 71.40 0.663
Maine 69.39 68.05 0.259 64.40 64.43 0.983 60.28 61.23 0.541 71.20 69.37 0.217 69.85 68.37 0.259
Maryland 75.18 74.30 0.383 67.42 66.03 0.362 68.13 67.10 0.517 77.29 76.47 0.519 75.98 75.14 0.449
Massachusetts 74.60a 72.32 0.029 65.21 65.42 0.888 68.73 67.92 0.595 76.70a 73.85 0.034 75.51a 72.97 0.026
Michigan 67.79 67.87 0.899 65.01 64.11 0.291 62.95 62.80 0.858 68.97 69.22 0.777 68.08 68.27 0.805
Minnesota 68.88 68.70 0.877 66.25 64.29 0.222 61.76 63.60 0.272 70.37 70.06 0.839 69.15 69.15 0.999
Mississippi 66.98 65.42 0.195 61.31 59.44 0.218 64.36 62.79 0.329 68.22 66.70 0.332 67.62 66.09 0.254
Missouri 66.12 65.90 0.853 63.67 61.18 0.113 61.10 59.82 0.418 67.27 67.51 0.876 66.37 66.39 0.990
Montana 66.77 67.54 0.506 65.30 63.27 0.196 62.56 61.44 0.487 67.62 69.01 0.347 66.91 67.95 0.414
Nebraska 68.07 66.91 0.319 66.57 65.29 0.387 63.32 62.09 0.429 69.09 67.96 0.454 68.23 67.08 0.372
Nevada 70.00 69.79 0.860 64.55 64.59 0.980 65.22 65.87 0.699 71.44 71.05 0.793 70.58 70.34 0.852
New Hampshire 72.03 72.05 0.981 64.27 66.29 0.189 65.01b 67.96 0.061 74.02 73.34 0.614 72.80 72.61 0.874
New Jersey 76.90 76.19 0.506 69.13a 65.05 0.006 70.15 71.77 0.288 78.86 78.20 0.622 77.72 77.35 0.753
New Mexico 73.03 72.43 0.589 65.94b 62.89 0.052 67.04 65.31 0.302 74.99 74.89 0.949 73.81 73.47 0.783
New York 76.15 75.83 0.620 68.98 67.91 0.235 71.08 69.86 0.201 77.86 77.76 0.897 76.85 76.58 0.709
North Carolina 68.95 68.21 0.553 65.53 63.08 0.109 63.79 63.43 0.831 70.21 69.63 0.716 69.30 68.74 0.684
North Dakota 67.65 65.73 0.118 67.56a 64.01 0.022 60.82 60.70 0.944 69.12 67.01 0.188 67.66 65.88 0.181
Ohio 65.40 65.65 0.710 64.14 63.90 0.795 60.84 61.34 0.606 66.30 66.58 0.753 65.53 65.84 0.687
Oklahoma 66.32 65.24 0.351 60.74 60.93 0.903 62.18 60.71 0.368 67.78 66.60 0.437 66.93 65.70 0.346
Oregon 71.45 70.87 0.618 65.19 63.41 0.227 66.23 65.95 0.866 72.98 72.48 0.730 72.05 71.59 0.715
Pennsylvania 67.84 68.55 0.290 62.89 62.76 0.889 61.35b 63.12 0.059 69.49 70.10 0.478 68.32 69.11 0.291
Rhode Island 72.51 72.82 0.776 65.64 63.40 0.126 67.23 68.54 0.419 74.31 74.69 0.787 73.17 73.69 0.653
South Carolina 70.25 69.89 0.752 63.37 63.06 0.828 63.27 64.03 0.645 72.25 71.70 0.705 70.94 70.58 0.770
South Dakota 64.70 64.72 0.987 64.73 64.51 0.888 59.86 61.89 0.255 65.53 65.24 0.842 64.69 64.74 0.973
Tennessee 66.10 67.75 0.158 64.04 63.27 0.611 63.07 63.73 0.681 66.85 68.95 0.154 66.31 68.21 0.143
Texas 71.60 71.27 0.607 64.62 64.25 0.680 66.34 66.97 0.471 73.61 73.10 0.546 72.46 72.13 0.647
Utah 73.19 72.73 0.658 72.20b 69.43 0.060 68.72 70.15 0.382 74.39 73.89 0.731 73.32 73.19 0.913
Vermont 71.05 71.48 0.689 65.40 66.83 0.351 63.96 65.10 0.464 72.88 73.06 0.890 71.57 71.89 0.782
Virginia 72.57 72.21 0.735 68.22 66.45 0.215 66.44 65.98 0.792 74.14 73.95 0.890 73.01 72.79 0.849
Washington 70.98 71.89 0.396 63.81 65.03 0.417 65.32 64.50 0.608 72.77 73.90 0.404 71.71 72.57 0.465
West Virginia 66.34a 62.99 0.006 62.80 61.69 0.470 60.66 58.64 0.212 67.55a 63.78 0.012 66.65a 63.10 0.007
Wisconsin 67.89 68.94 0.378 64.94 65.62 0.662 60.44a 64.29 0.017 69.48 70.10 0.682 68.19 69.27 0.413
Wyoming 68.21 66.76 0.202 67.54a 64.01 0.014 62.61 59.85 0.124 69.26 68.28 0.494 68.28 67.03 0.324
140915
Table 16 – Alcohol Dependence or Abuse in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2011-2012)
12+
(2012-2013)
12+
(P Value)
12-17
(2011-2012)
12-17
(2012-2013)
12-17
(P Value)
18-25
(2011-2012)
18-25
(2012-2013)
18-25
(P Value)
26+
(2011-2012)
26+
(2012-2013)
26+
(P Value)
18+
(2011-2012)
18+
(2012-2013)
18+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2011-2012 and the 2012-2013 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
NOTE: Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV).
a Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011, 2012, and 2013.
Total U.S. 6.64 6.70 0.589 3.61a 3.11 0.000 14.36a 13.67 0.004 5.69b 5.95 0.057 6.97 7.08 0.343
Northeast 6.87 6.71 0.449 3.83a 3.23 0.001 14.64 14.17 0.256 5.91 5.87 0.850 7.17 7.06 0.604
Midwest 6.99 6.78 0.200 3.57a 3.16 0.005 14.89a 14.08 0.013 6.07 5.99 0.688 7.36 7.17 0.285
South 5.95a 6.28 0.028 3.27a 2.96 0.021 13.13 12.64 0.101 5.06a 5.61 0.003 6.24a 6.64 0.016
West 7.24 7.28 0.870 4.03a 3.23 0.001 15.56a 14.52 0.021 6.17 6.50 0.223 7.60 7.72 0.617
Alabama 4.97a 6.18 0.003 3.27 3.48 0.630 11.46 12.07 0.510 4.05a 5.50 0.004 5.15a 6.47 0.004
Alaska 8.46a 7.12 0.017 3.81a 2.68 0.006 16.09a 13.27 0.010 7.69 6.58 0.111 9.01a 7.63 0.026
Arizona 6.95 7.18 0.691 3.81 3.47 0.468 14.20 13.46 0.526 6.10 6.57 0.507 7.30 7.59 0.651
Arkansas 5.28 5.57 0.452 3.17 2.75 0.306 11.92 12.00 0.931 4.41 4.83 0.376 5.50 5.87 0.390
California 7.10 7.30 0.530 4.21a 3.05 0.002 15.46 14.64 0.231 5.92 6.49 0.160 7.42 7.77 0.336
Colorado 8.05 7.54 0.332 3.81 3.41 0.353 18.00 16.29 0.168 6.88 6.57 0.613 8.49 7.97 0.366
Connecticut 7.67 7.05 0.248 3.91a 2.90 0.039 16.21 14.42 0.147 6.79 6.38 0.527 8.07 7.48 0.323
Delaware 6.94 7.05 0.812 3.32 3.01 0.463 15.97 15.57 0.724 5.82 6.07 0.665 7.30 7.45 0.782
District of Columbia 11.71 11.96 0.757 3.18 2.55 0.212 17.64 18.12 0.733 10.97 11.27 0.765 12.23 12.52 0.742
Florida 5.88 6.12 0.450 3.08 2.78 0.274 13.18a 11.96 0.048 5.07 5.59 0.167 6.15 6.42 0.407
Georgia 5.27 5.51 0.555 2.98b 2.34 0.095 11.66 11.04 0.537 4.44 4.96 0.306 5.53 5.88 0.457
Hawaii 7.27 7.57 0.643 4.37 3.52 0.142 17.73 15.86 0.146 5.96 6.71 0.345 7.54 7.95 0.569
Idaho 6.70 6.65 0.928 3.57 3.59 0.976 14.50 13.15 0.220 5.75 5.95 0.735 7.08 7.03 0.927
Illinois 7.18a 6.44 0.018 3.50a 2.56 0.001 15.32a 13.61 0.011 6.28 5.72 0.152 7.59a 6.86 0.034
Indiana 6.84 6.98 0.779 3.58 3.47 0.794 15.50 14.51 0.366 5.74 6.10 0.543 7.21 7.37 0.763
Iowa 7.36a 6.21 0.017 3.41 3.12 0.524 16.28a 13.82 0.036 6.27b 5.24 0.074 7.77a 6.53 0.018
Kansas 6.18b 7.06 0.087 3.58 3.28 0.468 13.15 13.45 0.783 5.26b 6.41 0.069 6.47b 7.49 0.076
Kentucky 5.34 5.92 0.158 3.31 3.08 0.580 11.90 12.96 0.313 4.51 5.10 0.217 5.55 6.21 0.140
Louisiana 6.61 6.05 0.210 3.18 3.12 0.883 14.00a 11.57 0.014 5.69 5.42 0.617 6.99 6.36 0.210
Maine 6.39 6.36 0.952 3.32 3.24 0.842 15.31 15.00 0.788 5.44 5.47 0.965 6.67 6.64 0.953
Maryland 6.09 6.49 0.357 3.20 2.77 0.270 13.34 13.11 0.821 5.23 5.85 0.258 6.39 6.87 0.318
Massachusetts 7.90 7.10 0.123 4.06b 3.28 0.077 16.29 14.88 0.228 6.86 6.16 0.270 8.27 7.46 0.153
Michigan 7.01 6.85 0.613 3.78a 3.07 0.012 13.97 13.53 0.519 6.23 6.17 0.879 7.36 7.25 0.755
Minnesota 7.37b 6.59 0.099 3.79 3.14 0.114 16.52a 13.79 0.019 6.31 5.83 0.398 7.75 6.95 0.126
Mississippi 5.21 5.82 0.143 3.14 2.79 0.333 11.40 11.31 0.920 4.35b 5.22 0.091 5.45 6.16 0.121
Missouri 6.18 6.67 0.268 3.60 3.55 0.905 13.53 13.67 0.891 5.24 5.87 0.260 6.45 7.00 0.266
Montana 8.20 8.26 0.925 4.89 4.81 0.894 18.46 18.00 0.732 6.90 7.05 0.844 8.52 8.59 0.922
Nebraska 7.15 7.82 0.197 3.89 3.87 0.977 15.91 16.49 0.603 6.02 6.79 0.221 7.50 8.24 0.193
Nevada 8.70b 7.68 0.084 4.05b 3.11 0.091 16.56a 14.07 0.029 8.02 7.22 0.274 9.20 8.17 0.113
New Hampshire 6.79 7.63 0.118 4.09 4.62 0.320 16.98b 19.17 0.083 5.50 6.17 0.308 7.06 7.93 0.142
New Jersey 6.72 6.62 0.839 3.95a 2.85 0.032 15.82 14.23 0.158 5.68 5.92 0.681 7.01 7.01 0.997
New Mexico 7.28 7.37 0.870 4.51 3.92 0.254 15.29 13.98 0.244 6.25 6.66 0.550 7.59 7.75 0.794
New York 6.56 6.58 0.953 3.61 3.23 0.203 13.03 12.90 0.842 5.76 5.86 0.824 6.85 6.90 0.887
North Carolina 4.87a 5.85 0.024 3.19 2.97 0.614 11.55 12.42 0.396 3.97a 5.10 0.029 5.04a 6.15 0.021
North Dakota 8.69 8.42 0.649 3.72 4.57 0.202 19.70b 17.57 0.097 6.91 6.87 0.948 9.15 8.78 0.554
Ohio 6.85 6.43 0.171 3.29 2.98 0.277 14.23 13.59 0.335 6.07 5.68 0.293 7.23 6.80 0.200
Oklahoma 8.16b 7.24 0.099 3.51 3.15 0.359 14.97 13.45 0.113 7.53 6.66 0.213 8.66 7.69 0.109
Oregon 7.53 7.09 0.399 3.48 3.36 0.785 16.00 14.50 0.176 6.64 6.33 0.634 7.92 7.45 0.406
Pennsylvania 6.57 6.48 0.802 3.93b 3.39 0.081 14.30 14.69 0.585 5.57 5.47 0.802 6.82 6.78 0.906
Rhode Island 8.92 8.48 0.464 3.87 3.19 0.129 19.22 17.86 0.297 7.51 7.27 0.748 9.40 8.97 0.517
South Carolina 6.07 5.99 0.863 3.59 3.01 0.189 13.26 11.87 0.148 5.14 5.35 0.697 6.32 6.29 0.957
South Dakota 8.68 7.96 0.180 4.31 3.61 0.176 17.69 16.94 0.547 7.66 6.93 0.255 9.14 8.42 0.221
Tennessee 5.79 5.57 0.578 3.28 3.10 0.670 12.22 11.62 0.538 5.04 4.87 0.732 6.05 5.83 0.603
Texas 6.51 6.67 0.574 3.51 3.08 0.116 14.18b 13.12 0.076 5.50 5.99 0.198 6.88 7.12 0.471
Utah 4.76 5.36 0.123 2.70 2.67 0.938 10.63 11.45 0.430 3.77 4.43 0.150 5.05 5.74 0.111
Vermont 6.72 6.83 0.841 4.17 4.39 0.702 17.01 15.97 0.397 5.24 5.51 0.661 6.96 7.05 0.875
Virginia 6.02a 7.39 0.008 3.09 3.22 0.757 13.95b 15.99 0.093 5.02a 6.41 0.021 6.32a 7.81 0.009
Washington 7.72 7.60 0.805 4.10 3.47 0.155 16.64 14.84 0.127 6.68 6.90 0.720 8.10 8.02 0.889
West Virginia 5.77 6.06 0.537 3.54 3.56 0.961 14.72a 12.53 0.043 4.66 5.34 0.231 5.97 6.28 0.539
Wisconsin 7.13 7.71 0.294 3.49 3.87 0.411 14.72 15.99 0.274 6.31 6.80 0.464 7.51 8.10 0.328
Wyoming 7.72 8.13 0.483 4.37 4.91 0.334 17.46 16.71 0.566 6.43 7.03 0.388 8.06 8.45 0.536
140915
Table 17 – Alcohol Dependence in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2011-2012)
12+
(2012-2013)
12+
(P Value)
12-17
(2011-2012)
12-17
(2012-2013)
12-17
(P Value)
18-25
(2011-2012)
18-25
(2012-2013)
18-25
(P Value)
26+
(2011-2012)
26+
(2012-2013)
26+
(P Value)
18+
(2011-2012)
18+
(2012-2013)
18+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2011-2012 and the 2012-2013 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
NOTE: Dependence is based on the definition found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV).
a Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011, 2012, and 2013.
Total U.S. 3.16 3.18 0.816 1.34a 1.15 0.004 6.01 5.77 0.129 2.90 2.99 0.355 3.36 3.40 0.648
Northeast 3.11 3.09 0.846 1.32 1.16 0.115 6.29 5.94 0.207 2.79 2.83 0.762 3.29 3.27 0.916
Midwest 3.22 3.18 0.684 1.35a 1.14 0.018 6.01 5.71 0.149 2.98 3.00 0.857 3.42 3.40 0.823
South 2.90 3.05 0.138 1.25a 1.09 0.050 5.24 5.28 0.846 2.71b 2.91 0.097 3.08 3.26 0.101
West 3.57 3.47 0.508 1.50a 1.24 0.038 6.97b 6.45 0.099 3.23 3.22 0.980 3.80 3.71 0.604
Alabama 2.67a 3.28 0.043 1.24 1.24 0.990 4.55 5.01 0.428 2.52b 3.24 0.066 2.82a 3.50 0.045
Alaska 3.61 3.27 0.265 1.33b 0.94 0.073 7.80 6.60 0.164 3.15 2.96 0.615 3.88 3.54 0.318
Arizona 3.63 3.44 0.588 1.56 1.36 0.455 6.42 5.89 0.411 3.41 3.29 0.775 3.86 3.67 0.629
Arkansas 2.77 2.95 0.523 1.19 1.02 0.414 4.95 5.31 0.563 2.60 2.79 0.582 2.94 3.15 0.489
California 3.53 3.54 0.946 1.51b 1.20 0.077 7.06 6.65 0.377 3.14 3.27 0.612 3.75 3.80 0.848
Colorado 4.12b 3.50 0.065 1.49 1.24 0.353 8.14a 6.44 0.029 3.75 3.28 0.260 4.39b 3.73 0.077
Connecticut 3.18 3.21 0.919 1.24 0.97 0.236 6.95 5.93 0.237 2.83 3.06 0.535 3.39 3.45 0.860
Delaware 3.16 3.28 0.695 1.22 0.98 0.257 7.64 6.57 0.168 2.62 2.98 0.304 3.35 3.50 0.655
District of Columbia 5.62 5.12 0.335 1.28 1.06 0.420 10.05 8.95 0.342 4.91 4.56 0.563 5.88 5.36 0.337
Florida 2.84 2.91 0.735 1.21 1.08 0.389 5.04 4.50 0.168 2.68 2.86 0.464 2.99 3.07 0.701
Georgia 2.75 2.74 0.967 1.14 0.93 0.356 4.54 4.74 0.755 2.65 2.62 0.946 2.93 2.94 0.975
Hawaii 3.46 3.92 0.304 1.70 1.71 0.986 8.14 8.29 0.869 2.92 3.47 0.318 3.63 4.13 0.309
Idaho 3.17 2.95 0.447 1.33 1.16 0.510 5.32 5.07 0.713 3.05 2.83 0.560 3.40 3.17 0.487
Illinois 3.39b 3.04 0.094 1.36a 1.01 0.029 6.58b 5.64 0.053 3.10 2.86 0.324 3.61 3.26 0.128
Indiana 3.04 3.12 0.787 1.33 1.24 0.730 6.41 5.92 0.468 2.67 2.87 0.599 3.24 3.33 0.768
Iowa 3.36 3.01 0.238 1.37 1.11 0.272 7.12b 5.72 0.061 2.94 2.77 0.635 3.57 3.21 0.273
Kansas 2.96 3.41 0.183 1.45 1.22 0.308 5.33 5.53 0.758 2.73 3.31 0.176 3.13 3.65 0.165
Kentucky 2.98 3.09 0.684 1.40 1.24 0.524 5.08 5.33 0.693 2.83 2.95 0.725 3.14 3.28 0.647
Louisiana 3.21 3.08 0.617 1.27 1.03 0.255 5.72 5.50 0.725 2.99 2.90 0.775 3.42 3.30 0.682
Maine 3.16 3.35 0.576 1.25 1.19 0.795 5.79 5.91 0.856 2.99 3.21 0.587 3.34 3.54 0.577
Maryland 2.78 2.99 0.441 1.14 1.05 0.651 6.20 5.93 0.683 2.42 2.73 0.332 2.95 3.19 0.431
Massachusetts 3.51b 3.03 0.068 1.35 1.07 0.224 8.10a 6.17 0.011 2.94 2.70 0.442 3.71b 3.22 0.083
Michigan 3.45 3.30 0.471 1.46 1.19 0.104 5.82 5.84 0.968 3.30 3.12 0.521 3.67 3.52 0.538
Minnesota 3.25 3.06 0.488 1.35 1.06 0.227 6.56 5.55 0.152 2.94 2.90 0.893 3.45 3.27 0.548
Mississippi 2.86 2.99 0.633 1.19 0.97 0.312 4.58 4.92 0.563 2.77 2.91 0.696 3.05 3.22 0.582
Missouri 2.97 3.13 0.565 1.32 1.12 0.406 5.38 5.37 0.994 2.76 2.99 0.507 3.14 3.34 0.524
Montana 3.43 3.84 0.256 1.58 1.64 0.837 6.67 7.26 0.422 3.11 3.52 0.353 3.61 4.05 0.268
Nebraska 3.08 3.54 0.149 1.34 1.16 0.433 6.58 6.53 0.941 2.68 3.31 0.120 3.26 3.79 0.138
Nevada 3.96 3.67 0.442 1.62 1.40 0.500 7.69 6.85 0.302 3.65 3.44 0.649 4.21 3.91 0.472
New Hampshire 3.11 3.51 0.228 1.30 1.42 0.629 6.51b 7.79 0.076 2.79 3.08 0.475 3.29 3.71 0.248
New Jersey 2.81 2.84 0.903 1.32 1.03 0.229 6.49 5.78 0.283 2.44 2.62 0.588 2.97 3.03 0.832
New Mexico 3.26 3.24 0.932 1.65b 1.20 0.073 6.44 5.76 0.359 2.92 3.06 0.734 3.44 3.46 0.964
New York 3.11 3.23 0.567 1.34 1.26 0.644 5.81 5.69 0.791 2.84 3.02 0.482 3.28 3.42 0.556
North Carolina 2.36 2.76 0.117 1.18 1.08 0.636 4.44 4.95 0.391 2.16 2.60 0.172 2.49 2.94 0.108
North Dakota 3.47 3.69 0.516 1.30 1.49 0.515 7.47 7.30 0.828 2.87 3.15 0.497 3.68 3.90 0.552
Ohio 3.14 3.01 0.505 1.28 1.08 0.188 5.46 5.16 0.457 2.98 2.89 0.696 3.33 3.21 0.566
Oklahoma 3.27 3.29 0.956 1.31 1.03 0.185 5.69 5.23 0.480 3.09 3.23 0.705 3.49 3.53 0.883
Oregon 3.87 3.49 0.289 1.36 1.25 0.695 6.79 6.53 0.727 3.69 3.26 0.349 4.11 3.70 0.302
Pennsylvania 3.03 2.87 0.418 1.28 1.16 0.417 5.55 5.89 0.437 2.81 2.56 0.314 3.20 3.04 0.442
Rhode Island 3.87 3.97 0.775 1.40 1.24 0.568 8.77 8.29 0.565 3.20 3.45 0.592 4.10 4.23 0.756
South Carolina 3.18 3.09 0.770 1.31 1.00 0.152 4.12 4.56 0.454 3.24 3.09 0.697 3.37 3.30 0.841
South Dakota 3.67 3.58 0.782 1.56 1.18 0.122 6.88 7.17 0.729 3.37 3.24 0.755 3.89 3.83 0.869
Tennessee 2.88 2.87 0.982 1.22 1.08 0.553 4.65 4.93 0.657 2.78 2.74 0.905 3.05 3.05 0.983
Texas 3.02 3.17 0.419 1.33 1.14 0.197 5.58 5.55 0.929 2.78 3.02 0.319 3.22 3.42 0.357
Utah 2.61 2.63 0.942 1.12 0.89 0.309 4.70 4.32 0.553 2.38 2.54 0.622 2.82 2.88 0.843
Vermont 2.93 3.20 0.398 1.32 1.34 0.935 6.22 6.43 0.748 2.55 2.84 0.455 3.08 3.36 0.409
Virginia 3.07 3.46 0.145 1.25 1.19 0.795 6.17 7.04 0.223 2.76 3.12 0.288 3.26 3.69 0.143
Washington 3.61 3.37 0.414 1.57 1.40 0.560 7.19 6.61 0.401 3.26 3.07 0.606 3.82 3.57 0.444
West Virginia 2.93 3.06 0.647 1.28 1.17 0.669 5.69 4.87 0.217 2.68 2.98 0.407 3.07 3.23 0.626
Wisconsin 3.07b 3.62 0.089 1.28 1.40 0.651 5.07b 6.35 0.069 2.95 3.43 0.225 3.25b 3.85 0.100
Wyoming 3.64 3.90 0.462 1.41 1.49 0.783 8.21 8.05 0.851 3.11 3.46 0.407 3.87 4.14 0.474
140915
Table 18 – Illicit Drug Dependence or Abuse in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2011-2012)
12+
(2012-2013)
12+
(P Value)
12-17
(2011-2012)
12-17
(2012-2013)
12-17
(P Value)
18-25
(2011-2012)
18-25
(2012-2013)
18-25
(P Value)
26+
(2011-2012)
26+
(2012-2013)
26+
(P Value)
18+
(2011-2012)
18+
(2012-2013)
18+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2011-2012 and the 2012-2013 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
NOTE: Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically, including data from original methamphetamine questions but not including new methamphetamine items added in 2005 and 2006.
NOTE: Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV).
a Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011, 2012, and 2013.
Total U.S. 2.67 2.71 0.541 4.31a 3.76 0.000 7.66 7.59 0.663 1.61b 1.74 0.056 2.50 2.60 0.119
Northeast 2.66 2.68 0.799 4.15a 3.60 0.006 7.91 8.02 0.701 1.61 1.69 0.431 2.51 2.60 0.407
Midwest 2.57 2.61 0.599 4.02a 3.47 0.001 6.99 7.16 0.467 1.63 1.73 0.311 2.41 2.52 0.235
South 2.61 2.64 0.706 4.00a 3.66 0.040 7.19 7.08 0.599 1.65 1.76 0.261 2.46 2.53 0.415
West 2.88 2.93 0.640 5.19a 4.27 0.001 8.81 8.43 0.295 1.51a 1.77 0.027 2.62 2.79 0.166
Alabama 2.54 2.65 0.660 3.14 2.88 0.523 6.19 5.87 0.574 1.83 2.06 0.448 2.48 2.62 0.589
Alaska 2.61 2.74 0.533 4.61a 3.07 0.004 7.51 8.16 0.409 1.42 1.68 0.289 2.38 2.70 0.148
Arizona 2.86 3.05 0.491 5.45 4.83 0.338 7.08 7.24 0.834 1.79 2.08 0.343 2.57 2.85 0.341
Arkansas 2.87 3.02 0.566 3.82 4.03 0.665 8.45 7.55 0.213 1.81 2.12 0.290 2.77 2.91 0.622
California 2.96 2.90 0.667 5.36a 4.19 0.006 9.66 8.96 0.187 1.39 1.60 0.197 2.70 2.76 0.713
Colorado 2.97 3.15 0.447 5.51 4.83 0.315 9.28 9.59 0.731 1.59 1.86 0.326 2.70 2.98 0.296
Connecticut 2.68 2.50 0.361 4.68a 3.50 0.033 7.89 8.37 0.525 1.62 1.45 0.450 2.47 2.40 0.728
Delaware 2.94 3.07 0.578 4.49 3.75 0.174 8.81 8.75 0.937 1.75 2.03 0.311 2.78 3.00 0.386
District of Columbia 3.52 3.87 0.290 5.19 4.19 0.180 7.68 8.38 0.360 2.42 2.84 0.285 3.41 3.85 0.214
Florida 2.61 2.51 0.481 4.24 4.00 0.516 8.36a 7.39 0.041 1.56 1.62 0.716 2.46 2.37 0.583
Georgia 2.56a 3.09 0.026 3.79 3.95 0.710 6.76 7.51 0.293 1.64b 2.19 0.061 2.42a 2.99 0.034
Hawaii 2.05a 2.64 0.013 4.64 4.20 0.538 6.96 7.57 0.397 1.00a 1.69 0.007 1.80a 2.49 0.006
Idaho 2.32 2.34 0.905 4.10 3.69 0.407 6.54 6.73 0.739 1.31 1.38 0.738 2.11 2.18 0.690
Illinois 2.47b 2.25 0.092 3.71 3.25 0.140 7.73a 6.77 0.037 1.42 1.36 0.700 2.34 2.15 0.184
Indiana 2.52a 3.00 0.033 3.75 3.82 0.862 6.81a 8.64 0.019 1.60 1.89 0.278 2.39a 2.91 0.038
Iowa 2.39 2.17 0.276 3.59a 2.52 0.014 6.83 6.63 0.768 1.45 1.34 0.623 2.26 2.13 0.557
Kansas 2.40 2.18 0.331 3.97a 2.74 0.014 5.96 5.96 0.993 1.54 1.43 0.665 2.22 2.12 0.683
Kentucky 2.65 2.65 0.994 3.48 3.02 0.266 7.44 7.06 0.566 1.76 1.88 0.672 2.57 2.62 0.850
Louisiana 2.63 2.93 0.171 3.22 3.90 0.113 6.63 7.08 0.480 1.82 2.05 0.382 2.57 2.82 0.284
Maine 2.64 2.61 0.905 3.79 3.31 0.314 8.78 8.88 0.901 1.65 1.66 0.947 2.53 2.55 0.942
Maryland 2.75 2.62 0.490 4.06 3.39 0.203 8.61 8.11 0.509 1.62 1.62 0.990 2.61 2.54 0.715
Massachusetts 2.51 2.83 0.144 4.93a 3.63 0.029 7.28 8.18 0.213 1.39 1.80 0.111 2.27a 2.75 0.045
Michigan 2.80 3.00 0.234 4.60 4.13 0.173 6.74 6.80 0.896 1.89 2.21 0.130 2.61 2.88 0.136
Minnesota 2.36 2.42 0.769 4.44a 2.93 0.005 6.40 6.85 0.476 1.45 1.64 0.398 2.15 2.37 0.289
Mississippi 2.65 2.82 0.429 3.08 3.54 0.291 6.85 6.31 0.428 1.82 2.08 0.312 2.60 2.74 0.560
Missouri 2.63 2.66 0.881 3.84 3.57 0.527 7.22 7.85 0.383 1.70 1.67 0.904 2.50 2.57 0.781
Montana 2.67 2.56 0.580 4.95a 3.50 0.009 8.52 7.82 0.306 1.46 1.60 0.546 2.45 2.47 0.920
Nebraska 2.41 2.67 0.234 4.36 4.13 0.639 5.76b 6.78 0.095 1.57 1.76 0.474 2.20 2.51 0.191
Nevada 2.67 2.63 0.843 4.73 3.98 0.220 8.19 7.45 0.359 1.52 1.69 0.524 2.45 2.48 0.893
New Hampshire 2.76 2.87 0.655 5.08 4.38 0.245 9.18 9.39 0.796 1.49 1.68 0.474 2.53 2.73 0.461
New Jersey 2.46 2.22 0.170 4.41a 3.15 0.015 8.49 7.86 0.374 1.31 1.26 0.764 2.25 2.12 0.480
New Mexico 3.10 3.27 0.594 6.22 4.98 0.109 8.15 7.75 0.617 1.82 2.26 0.217 2.76 3.08 0.338
New York 2.71 2.71 0.983 3.68 3.84 0.598 8.18 7.95 0.639 1.64 1.67 0.827 2.62 2.61 0.946
North Carolina 2.91b 3.38 0.070 4.44 4.24 0.724 8.03 9.06 0.163 1.88 2.32 0.140 2.75b 3.29 0.057
North Dakota 2.64 2.69 0.823 4.27a 3.13 0.027 7.14 6.85 0.638 1.51 1.74 0.356 2.49 2.65 0.496
Ohio 2.85 2.92 0.644 3.88 3.55 0.258 7.69 7.73 0.933 1.92 2.05 0.493 2.74 2.86 0.500
Oklahoma 2.59b 2.17 0.072 3.67a 2.44 0.014 6.28 6.40 0.863 1.79 1.37 0.164 2.47 2.14 0.189
Oregon 3.00 3.24 0.400 5.07 5.12 0.944 9.12 8.24 0.285 1.80 2.24 0.155 2.80 3.06 0.399
Pennsylvania 2.73 2.83 0.561 3.98b 3.42 0.088 7.09 7.68 0.213 1.86 1.96 0.617 2.61 2.77 0.375
Rhode Island 3.07a 3.72 0.027 4.89 4.97 0.889 8.11 8.99 0.308 1.89a 2.57 0.040 2.89a 3.61 0.026
South Carolina 2.87 2.89 0.920 4.05 3.85 0.692 7.02 7.34 0.631 2.03 2.02 0.986 2.75 2.80 0.852
South Dakota 2.38 2.14 0.254 3.79a 2.64 0.017 5.87 5.67 0.738 1.60 1.46 0.592 2.23 2.09 0.529
Tennessee 2.81 2.49 0.147 3.47 3.32 0.732 8.61a 6.98 0.027 1.78 1.65 0.626 2.75 2.41 0.164
Texas 2.38 2.20 0.173 4.36a 3.63 0.044 5.84 5.82 0.971 1.44 1.31 0.394 2.14 2.02 0.431
Utah 2.89 2.88 0.960 3.99 3.73 0.611 6.55 6.97 0.507 1.85 1.79 0.813 2.74 2.76 0.920
Vermont 3.19 2.91 0.273 4.70 3.76 0.111 10.56 9.17 0.139 1.76 1.75 0.959 3.05 2.84 0.439
Virginia 2.36 2.61 0.179 4.04 3.51 0.253 7.04 7.79 0.296 1.36 1.63 0.201 2.19 2.52 0.105
Washington 2.70 3.02 0.159 4.81 3.94 0.120 7.66 7.86 0.805 1.63a 2.12 0.049 2.48b 2.93 0.074
West Virginia 2.90 2.73 0.522 3.66 3.35 0.518 8.50a 6.95 0.046 1.98 2.02 0.911 2.83 2.67 0.580
Wisconsin 2.26 2.30 0.834 4.21 3.50 0.181 6.07 6.61 0.375 1.39 1.44 0.816 2.06 2.18 0.561
Wyoming 2.33 2.27 0.739 4.34 3.42 0.121 6.12 6.20 0.904 1.43 1.45 0.928 2.13 2.15 0.897
140915
Table 19 – Illicit Drug Dependence in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2011-2012)
12+
(2012-2013)
12+
(P Value)
12-17
(2011-2012)
12-17
(2012-2013)
12-17
(P Value)
18-25
(2011-2012)
18-25
(2012-2013)
18-25
(P Value)
26+
(2011-2012)
26+
(2012-2013)
26+
(P Value)
18+
(2011-2012)
18+
(2012-2013)
18+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2011-2012 and the 2012-2013 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
NOTE: Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically, including data from original methamphetamine questions but not including new methamphetamine items added in 2005 and 2006.
NOTE: Dependence is based on the definition found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV).
a Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011, 2012, and 2013.
Total U.S. 1.86 1.91 0.345 2.27a 1.96 0.001 5.43 5.38 0.724 1.19b 1.31 0.068 1.82 1.90 0.127
Northeast 1.88 1.99 0.189 2.12 1.92 0.144 5.49 5.76 0.245 1.25 1.36 0.229 1.86 1.99 0.121
Midwest 1.71b 1.84 0.056 2.11b 1.91 0.078 4.87b 5.15 0.097 1.12b 1.26 0.076 1.67a 1.83 0.026
South 1.78 1.83 0.488 2.20b 1.99 0.061 5.02 4.91 0.528 1.17 1.28 0.171 1.74 1.81 0.304
West 2.10 2.04 0.548 2.61a 2.01 0.001 6.50b 6.01 0.095 1.24 1.34 0.337 2.04 2.05 0.953
Alabama 1.65 1.70 0.758 2.00 1.70 0.317 4.47 4.23 0.612 1.11 1.26 0.467 1.61 1.70 0.631
Alaska 1.66 1.77 0.438 2.25b 1.64 0.057 4.99 5.63 0.288 0.96 1.06 0.526 1.59 1.78 0.214
Arizona 2.17a 1.70 0.008 2.88a 1.81 0.004 5.96a 4.66 0.025 1.41 1.18 0.264 2.09a 1.69 0.041
Arkansas 1.90 1.93 0.856 2.28 1.98 0.313 5.36 4.82 0.316 1.26 1.43 0.409 1.85 1.92 0.719
California 2.17 2.14 0.818 2.68a 2.03 0.022 7.03 6.49 0.233 1.19 1.34 0.309 2.11 2.15 0.786
Colorado 2.16 2.09 0.708 2.46 2.10 0.300 7.05 6.69 0.612 1.30 1.32 0.908 2.13 2.09 0.862
Connecticut 1.74 1.83 0.567 2.14 1.83 0.297 5.26 6.31 0.107 1.14 1.12 0.921 1.70 1.83 0.443
Delaware 1.98 2.26 0.139 2.08 2.01 0.816 5.93 6.23 0.654 1.29 1.62 0.161 1.97 2.29 0.133
District of Columbia 2.78 3.03 0.436 2.35 2.34 0.969 5.70 6.12 0.494 2.13 2.39 0.507 2.81 3.07 0.439
Florida 1.85 1.85 0.990 2.25 2.14 0.616 5.71 5.23 0.183 1.22 1.31 0.516 1.81 1.82 0.924
Georgia 1.64b 1.96 0.054 1.97 1.88 0.737 4.44 4.76 0.531 1.10b 1.48 0.066 1.60a 1.97 0.047
Hawaii 1.60 1.82 0.257 2.29 1.74 0.142 5.27 5.11 0.785 0.96 1.31 0.122 1.54 1.82 0.164
Idaho 1.60 1.60 0.962 2.14 1.81 0.288 4.69 4.91 0.664 0.97 0.99 0.935 1.54 1.57 0.815
Illinois 1.65 1.65 0.991 1.91 1.77 0.470 4.91 4.73 0.599 1.06 1.11 0.670 1.62 1.63 0.878
Indiana 1.67a 2.08 0.007 2.09 2.03 0.825 4.83a 6.32 0.008 1.06 1.33 0.146 1.63a 2.09 0.006
Iowa 1.44 1.49 0.746 1.87 1.60 0.260 4.39 4.12 0.613 0.87 1.01 0.377 1.40 1.47 0.605
Kansas 1.43 1.41 0.896 1.94b 1.46 0.090 3.92 3.87 0.928 0.91 0.96 0.766 1.37 1.40 0.817
Kentucky 2.01 2.03 0.932 2.16 1.80 0.234 6.19 5.61 0.363 1.31 1.47 0.461 2.00 2.05 0.780
Louisiana 1.96 2.10 0.398 2.08 2.05 0.919 5.31 5.49 0.742 1.33 1.49 0.402 1.95 2.10 0.383
Maine 1.73 1.87 0.352 2.03 1.85 0.506 5.90 6.43 0.394 1.10 1.23 0.494 1.70 1.87 0.303
Maryland 1.96 2.05 0.528 1.93 2.06 0.679 6.11 6.02 0.881 1.28 1.40 0.494 1.96 2.05 0.590
Massachusetts 1.93 2.14 0.251 2.39 2.11 0.378 5.64 6.03 0.518 1.22 1.46 0.278 1.88 2.14 0.204
Michigan 1.93 1.98 0.673 2.42 2.19 0.321 5.19 4.98 0.542 1.31 1.44 0.379 1.88 1.96 0.539
Minnesota 1.50 1.71 0.154 2.11 1.70 0.159 4.14 4.66 0.314 0.99 1.22 0.191 1.44b 1.71 0.092
Mississippi 1.91 1.88 0.831 2.13 1.99 0.656 4.99 4.28 0.201 1.32 1.43 0.566 1.89 1.87 0.907
Missouri 1.74 1.95 0.151 2.08 1.95 0.631 5.03b 6.02 0.087 1.14 1.26 0.516 1.71 1.95 0.132
Montana 1.99 1.86 0.433 2.69b 2.05 0.070 6.69 5.80 0.114 1.15 1.19 0.814 1.92 1.84 0.653
Nebraska 1.49 1.59 0.470 2.00 1.88 0.620 4.17 4.64 0.329 0.96 1.01 0.730 1.44 1.56 0.418
Nevada 2.04 1.95 0.573 2.59 2.05 0.175 6.14 5.63 0.394 1.32 1.35 0.876 1.98 1.94 0.800
New Hampshire 1.95 2.13 0.262 2.55 2.27 0.426 6.75 7.35 0.341 1.12 1.29 0.386 1.89 2.11 0.206
New Jersey 1.82 1.78 0.798 2.04 1.67 0.198 6.04 5.91 0.817 1.16 1.17 0.929 1.80 1.79 0.991
New Mexico 2.14 2.29 0.539 3.15 2.47 0.157 5.84 5.80 0.959 1.37 1.66 0.342 2.03 2.27 0.366
New York 1.94 2.01 0.580 2.01 1.88 0.543 5.43 5.54 0.781 1.32 1.41 0.548 1.94 2.03 0.520
North Carolina 1.92 1.94 0.895 2.30 1.99 0.322 5.74 5.69 0.931 1.25 1.31 0.722 1.88 1.93 0.733
North Dakota 1.74 1.96 0.136 2.09 1.86 0.434 5.22 5.04 0.715 0.96b 1.30 0.054 1.70 1.97 0.108
Ohio 2.01 2.19 0.171 2.30 2.14 0.439 5.63 5.90 0.488 1.38 1.58 0.201 1.98 2.20 0.136
Oklahoma 1.61 1.51 0.477 1.98 1.54 0.123 4.16 4.29 0.774 1.10 1.01 0.606 1.57 1.51 0.697
Oregon 2.28 2.20 0.709 2.60 2.30 0.400 6.90 6.04 0.196 1.51 1.59 0.720 2.24 2.19 0.814
Pennsylvania 1.81 1.99 0.142 2.14 2.03 0.584 4.89 5.37 0.215 1.25 1.42 0.257 1.77 1.98 0.124
Rhode Island 2.39 2.55 0.513 2.43 2.36 0.844 6.26 6.32 0.923 1.64 1.85 0.495 2.39 2.57 0.498
South Carolina 1.89 2.09 0.198 2.18 2.14 0.906 4.72 5.60 0.108 1.38 1.48 0.584 1.86 2.08 0.193
South Dakota 1.41 1.35 0.641 1.95b 1.47 0.096 4.03 3.67 0.423 0.88 0.93 0.787 1.35 1.34 0.916
Tennessee 2.16b 1.89 0.094 2.34 1.91 0.157 6.82a 5.16 0.007 1.38 1.35 0.911 2.14 1.89 0.160
Texas 1.49 1.51 0.816 2.30 2.04 0.228 3.78 3.97 0.541 0.94 0.98 0.765 1.39 1.45 0.592
Utah 1.90 1.81 0.535 1.97 1.66 0.287 5.00 4.76 0.642 1.17 1.15 0.917 1.89 1.83 0.706
Vermont 2.24 2.28 0.809 2.46 2.37 0.813 7.71 7.18 0.487 1.28 1.43 0.474 2.22 2.27 0.780
Virginia 1.69 1.82 0.297 2.28 1.97 0.261 4.81 5.22 0.430 1.08 1.23 0.365 1.63 1.81 0.210
Washington 1.92 2.01 0.550 2.44 1.99 0.146 5.31 5.29 0.976 1.29 1.47 0.327 1.86 2.01 0.383
West Virginia 2.13 1.91 0.263 2.32 1.85 0.136 6.67a 5.08 0.009 1.44 1.43 0.997 2.12 1.91 0.354
Wisconsin 1.46 1.57 0.410 1.95 1.79 0.589 4.28 4.67 0.450 0.93 1.03 0.554 1.41 1.55 0.352
Wyoming 1.42b 1.65 0.100 1.91 1.78 0.685 3.87 4.50 0.198 0.94 1.14 0.250 1.37b 1.64 0.085
140915
Table 20 – Dependence or Abuse of Illicit Drugs or Alcohol in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2011-2012)
12+
(2012-2013)
12+
(P Value)
12-17
(2011-2012)
12-17
(2012-2013)
12-17
(P Value)
18-25
(2011-2012)
18-25
(2012-2013)
18-25
(P Value)
26+
(2011-2012)
26+
(2012-2013)
26+
(P Value)
18+
(2011-2012)
18+
(2012-2013)
18+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2011-2012 and the 2012-2013 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
NOTE: Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically, including data from original methamphetamine questions but not including new methamphetamine items added in 2005 and 2006.
NOTE: Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV).
a Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011, 2012, and 2013.
Total U.S. 8.27 8.37 0.368 6.48a 5.66 0.000 18.73a 18.09 0.017 6.68a 7.04 0.016 8.46 8.66 0.119
Northeast 8.39 8.32 0.775 6.54a 5.65 0.000 19.31 19.10 0.642 6.77 6.83 0.808 8.57 8.59 0.947
Midwest 8.55 8.47 0.658 6.18a 5.40 0.000 18.84 18.39 0.191 7.09 7.16 0.732 8.80 8.80 0.980
South 7.66b 7.99 0.055 6.13a 5.61 0.013 17.30 16.80 0.126 6.20a 6.78 0.006 7.83a 8.24 0.026
West 8.87 8.94 0.800 7.27a 5.97 0.000 20.40a 19.06 0.008 7.01b 7.50 0.095 9.05 9.26 0.443
Alabama 6.49a 7.69 0.014 5.60 5.67 0.902 14.67 15.02 0.738 5.17a 6.67 0.012 6.58a 7.90 0.014
Alaska 9.93 9.14 0.211 6.53a 4.65 0.008 21.01 19.31 0.190 8.34 7.84 0.522 10.33 9.65 0.333
Arizona 8.93 9.01 0.891 7.53b 6.38 0.098 19.20 18.34 0.515 7.33 7.73 0.581 9.09 9.31 0.746
Arkansas 7.47 7.71 0.613 5.95 5.67 0.670 17.24 17.24 0.995 6.00 6.35 0.537 7.64 7.93 0.569
California 8.67 8.75 0.814 7.50a 5.83 0.001 20.77a 19.16 0.046 6.56 7.20 0.134 8.80 9.08 0.483
Colorado 9.86 9.76 0.865 7.29 6.68 0.421 22.83 21.48 0.338 7.99 8.15 0.830 10.13 10.07 0.935
Connecticut 9.06 8.33 0.198 6.85a 5.29 0.024 20.53 18.93 0.229 7.53 7.02 0.436 9.29 8.65 0.296
Delaware 8.85 9.23 0.503 6.33 5.68 0.325 20.80 20.62 0.883 7.10 7.71 0.391 9.10 9.58 0.444
District of Columbia 13.41 13.84 0.616 7.29 6.27 0.204 21.16 21.86 0.622 12.06 12.60 0.612 13.78 14.29 0.579
Florida 7.56 7.88 0.397 5.96 5.72 0.581 17.67a 16.17 0.031 6.20 6.86 0.130 7.71 8.07 0.366
Georgia 7.06 7.29 0.657 5.88 5.13 0.207 16.39 14.88 0.175 5.56 6.22 0.285 7.20 7.53 0.549
Hawaii 7.92 8.68 0.259 7.52 6.81 0.415 21.07 20.15 0.512 5.92 7.08 0.145 7.96 8.86 0.219
Idaho 8.22 8.30 0.882 6.32 5.94 0.567 17.35 16.21 0.315 6.86 7.25 0.578 8.45 8.59 0.824
Illinois 8.51a 7.71 0.018 5.83a 4.79 0.010 19.83a 17.64 0.005 6.93 6.41 0.195 8.80a 8.03 0.036
Indiana 8.18 8.81 0.260 5.92 5.94 0.977 19.11 20.16 0.407 6.54 7.16 0.349 8.44 9.12 0.261
Iowa 8.62 7.89 0.187 5.55 4.73 0.146 19.51 17.86 0.195 7.07 6.52 0.398 8.94 8.22 0.233
Kansas 7.70 8.41 0.182 5.88 5.02 0.156 16.80 16.83 0.981 6.29 7.33 0.111 7.90 8.79 0.130
Kentucky 7.27 7.91 0.177 5.77 5.12 0.246 16.47 17.68 0.329 5.93 6.64 0.207 7.42 8.20 0.135
Louisiana 8.22 8.16 0.908 5.80 6.07 0.667 17.42 16.27 0.283 6.83 6.95 0.845 8.48 8.39 0.865
Maine 8.29 8.59 0.594 5.84 5.20 0.305 19.93 20.03 0.942 6.90 7.34 0.500 8.52 8.89 0.535
Maryland 7.72 8.02 0.551 5.76 5.18 0.360 19.05 18.27 0.548 6.08 6.67 0.326 7.92 8.31 0.487
Massachusetts 9.13 8.91 0.708 7.03a 5.55 0.023 20.56 19.96 0.643 7.35 7.34 0.995 9.33 9.23 0.875
Michigan 8.73 8.77 0.912 7.01a 5.82 0.004 17.36 17.43 0.912 7.47 7.65 0.690 8.92 9.09 0.678
Minnesota 8.99 8.41 0.277 6.76a 4.93 0.005 20.61b 18.20 0.060 7.36 7.24 0.854 9.22 8.78 0.440
Mississippi 7.09 7.78 0.169 5.81 5.69 0.845 14.93 14.67 0.808 5.83 6.80 0.113 7.24 8.01 0.161
Missouri 7.97 8.38 0.426 6.31 5.76 0.371 17.51 18.07 0.652 6.55 7.06 0.412 8.14 8.66 0.370
Montana 10.21 10.16 0.940 8.51a 6.84 0.043 23.42 22.57 0.507 8.25 8.51 0.743 10.38 10.48 0.881
Nebraska 8.79 9.41 0.308 7.12 6.49 0.326 18.79 19.96 0.345 7.25 7.92 0.355 8.97 9.72 0.261
Nevada 9.97 9.20 0.236 6.85 5.83 0.152 20.32 18.59 0.202 8.70 8.12 0.470 10.31 9.56 0.299
New Hampshire 8.58 9.34 0.216 7.11 6.82 0.696 21.96 23.66 0.236 6.65 7.37 0.314 8.73 9.58 0.202
New Jersey 7.93 7.59 0.514 6.94a 5.16 0.013 21.39b 19.25 0.074 6.02 6.12 0.869 8.03 7.84 0.739
New Mexico 9.51 9.57 0.921 9.21a 7.20 0.014 19.86 18.32 0.233 7.75 8.36 0.462 9.54 9.83 0.690
New York 8.15 8.24 0.809 5.99 5.82 0.677 17.79 17.81 0.976 6.71 6.84 0.755 8.36 8.47 0.782
North Carolina 7.25a 8.43 0.031 6.11 5.88 0.738 16.91 18.46 0.231 5.80a 7.07 0.048 7.37a 8.69 0.026
North Dakota 9.97 9.85 0.838 6.38 5.84 0.432 22.57 20.72 0.152 7.70 7.93 0.736 10.30 10.22 0.895
Ohio 8.56 8.35 0.568 5.68 5.16 0.147 18.84 18.38 0.528 7.22 7.10 0.778 8.86 8.69 0.663
Oklahoma 9.59a 8.42 0.045 6.41a 4.87 0.012 18.79 17.51 0.264 8.35 7.25 0.122 9.94b 8.81 0.078
Oregon 9.24 9.27 0.953 6.71 6.49 0.756 20.55 19.28 0.325 7.73 8.01 0.699 9.49 9.54 0.931
Pennsylvania 8.24 8.28 0.925 6.64a 5.74 0.033 18.54 19.66 0.154 6.70 6.68 0.966 8.40 8.52 0.770
Rhode Island 10.57 10.78 0.751 6.89 6.48 0.569 23.11 22.60 0.712 8.56 8.99 0.613 10.91 11.18 0.715
South Carolina 8.05 8.01 0.937 6.63 5.74 0.172 17.16 16.49 0.529 6.67 6.84 0.781 8.20 8.24 0.933
South Dakota 9.92 9.01 0.119 6.90a 5.04 0.006 20.56 19.73 0.527 8.44 7.62 0.249 10.24 9.42 0.204
Tennessee 7.74 7.40 0.470 5.78 5.18 0.331 17.31 16.10 0.271 6.41 6.24 0.765 7.95 7.63 0.539
Texas 7.91 7.97 0.874 6.68a 5.82 0.034 17.24 16.52 0.272 6.34 6.67 0.422 8.07 8.23 0.656
Utah 6.53 7.07 0.217 4.65 4.56 0.894 14.45 15.14 0.576 5.02 5.66 0.226 6.79 7.43 0.192
Vermont 9.45 9.23 0.730 7.76 6.56 0.124 23.44b 21.03 0.091 7.25 7.49 0.760 9.61 9.47 0.844
Virginia 7.39a 8.52 0.036 5.71 5.64 0.906 18.06 19.49 0.270 5.76b 6.99 0.055 7.56a 8.81 0.035
Washington 9.26 9.40 0.800 6.98 5.85 0.107 20.76 19.48 0.335 7.63 8.16 0.407 9.50 9.76 0.656
West Virginia 7.72 8.22 0.362 6.29 5.70 0.378 18.86b 16.62 0.064 6.21 7.20 0.125 7.85 8.44 0.313
Wisconsin 8.82 9.41 0.344 6.24 6.22 0.977 18.61 20.28 0.189 7.50 7.99 0.511 9.08 9.73 0.337
Wyoming 9.14 9.66 0.396 7.00 6.69 0.645 19.66 18.90 0.553 7.56 8.42 0.253 9.35 9.96 0.368
140915
Table 21 – Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2011-2012)
12+
(2012-2013)
12+
(P Value)
12-17
(2011-2012)
12-17
(2012-2013)
12-17
(P Value)
18-25
(2011-2012)
18-25
(2012-2013)
18-25
(P Value)
26+
(2011-2012)
26+
(2012-2013)
26+
(P Value)
18+
(2011-2012)
18+
(2012-2013)
18+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2011-2012 and the 2012-2013 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
NOTE: Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), inhalants, hallucinogens, heroin, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically, including data from original methamphetamine questions but not including new methamphetamine items added in 2005 and 2006.
a Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011, 2012, and 2013.
Total U.S. 2.38 2.42 0.545 3.97a 3.49 0.000 7.03 6.94 0.583 1.38b 1.51 0.061 2.21 2.31 0.141
Northeast 2.35 2.41 0.508 3.80a 3.30 0.008 7.02 7.18 0.567 1.39 1.51 0.275 2.20 2.32 0.239
Midwest 2.29 2.31 0.791 3.63a 3.17 0.002 6.37 6.50 0.536 1.42 1.48 0.513 2.14 2.22 0.413
South 2.33 2.37 0.644 3.76a 3.42 0.031 6.59 6.55 0.824 1.42 1.52 0.282 2.18 2.26 0.380
West 2.59 2.60 0.862 4.72a 4.00 0.006 8.30 7.75 0.106 1.28b 1.51 0.051 2.35 2.45 0.360
Alabama 2.20 2.42 0.327 3.00 2.99 0.969 5.86 5.69 0.775 1.45 1.79 0.237 2.11 2.36 0.322
Alaska 2.38 2.43 0.803 4.03a 2.79 0.005 7.01 7.56 0.474 1.29 1.42 0.545 2.19 2.39 0.339
Arizona 2.60 2.72 0.634 5.17 4.42 0.217 6.71 6.92 0.785 1.55 1.76 0.443 2.31 2.53 0.418
Arkansas 2.49 2.46 0.910 3.54 3.38 0.710 7.84 6.96 0.174 1.44 1.58 0.559 2.37 2.36 0.972
California 2.68 2.60 0.597 4.88a 3.97 0.016 9.20b 8.20 0.060 1.17 1.39 0.148 2.43 2.46 0.886
Colorado 2.59 2.71 0.544 4.87 4.62 0.680 8.59 8.54 0.946 1.30 1.50 0.368 2.35 2.52 0.457
Connecticut 2.27 2.23 0.835 4.10 3.32 0.110 6.96 7.33 0.585 1.31 1.29 0.940 2.07 2.12 0.816
Delaware 2.39 2.58 0.358 3.92 3.34 0.202 7.34 7.46 0.857 1.37 1.67 0.215 2.24 2.51 0.239
District of Columbia 3.40 3.38 0.954 4.45 4.10 0.564 7.13 7.79 0.391 2.44 2.34 0.791 3.33 3.34 0.988
Florida 2.31 2.24 0.563 3.99 3.81 0.597 7.57a 6.61 0.031 1.33 1.41 0.571 2.15 2.09 0.654
Georgia 2.26a 2.69 0.041 3.64 3.61 0.959 5.92 6.87 0.135 1.41 1.82 0.110 2.10a 2.58 0.041
Hawaii 1.89a 2.37 0.039 4.34 3.87 0.438 6.44 7.00 0.440 0.92a 1.48 0.023 1.66a 2.23 0.022
Idaho 2.04 2.09 0.744 3.69 3.53 0.706 6.08 6.34 0.643 1.09 1.15 0.735 1.84 1.92 0.658
Illinois 2.29 2.12 0.192 3.46 3.11 0.240 7.31a 6.24 0.011 1.28 1.30 0.904 2.16 2.01 0.305
Indiana 2.21b 2.53 0.095 3.41 3.37 0.904 5.81a 7.41 0.020 1.41 1.56 0.535 2.08b 2.44 0.095
Iowa 2.01 1.96 0.768 3.06 2.52 0.132 6.19 6.14 0.941 1.14 1.15 0.960 1.90 1.90 0.999
Kansas 2.02 1.95 0.669 3.48b 2.67 0.069 5.20 5.51 0.612 1.25 1.20 0.821 1.86 1.86 0.981
Kentucky 2.46 2.30 0.435 3.34 2.83 0.175 7.03 6.05 0.118 1.61 1.62 0.964 2.37 2.24 0.584
Louisiana 2.38 2.66 0.173 3.21 3.46 0.529 5.90 6.82 0.127 1.63 1.79 0.480 2.29 2.57 0.208
Maine 2.23 2.27 0.831 3.12 3.04 0.856 7.91 7.96 0.951 1.33 1.39 0.763 2.15 2.20 0.796
Maryland 2.37 2.34 0.861 3.75 3.08 0.167 7.30 7.10 0.771 1.38 1.46 0.663 2.22 2.26 0.837
Massachusetts 2.22 2.47 0.228 4.33b 3.41 0.080 6.31 7.36 0.114 1.26 1.51 0.281 2.02 2.38 0.109
Michigan 2.49 2.58 0.580 4.21 3.80 0.227 6.31 6.37 0.879 1.62 1.77 0.419 2.31 2.44 0.409
Minnesota 1.99 2.01 0.905 3.76a 2.60 0.009 5.14 5.45 0.605 1.26 1.38 0.557 1.80 1.95 0.447
Mississippi 2.45 2.54 0.680 3.02 3.23 0.637 6.43 5.79 0.297 1.64 1.85 0.416 2.38 2.46 0.752
Missouri 2.29 2.25 0.853 3.39 2.94 0.269 6.52 7.19 0.362 1.43 1.33 0.658 2.17 2.18 0.968
Montana 2.42 2.19 0.214 4.24a 3.17 0.021 8.09 7.24 0.204 1.30 1.26 0.846 2.25 2.10 0.461
Nebraska 2.18 2.31 0.492 4.09 3.51 0.183 5.39 6.25 0.122 1.37 1.46 0.694 1.97 2.18 0.329
Nevada 2.35 2.35 0.979 4.26 3.55 0.170 7.10 7.06 0.951 1.34 1.45 0.624 2.14 2.22 0.701
New Hampshire 2.53 2.49 0.838 4.74 3.90 0.102 8.59 8.61 0.983 1.33 1.37 0.854 2.31 2.35 0.857
New Jersey 2.12 1.95 0.280 4.11a 2.92 0.017 7.04 6.70 0.588 1.14 1.11 0.914 1.91 1.85 0.719
New Mexico 2.76 2.84 0.765 5.83 4.77 0.124 7.94 7.05 0.246 1.46 1.87 0.223 2.42 2.63 0.493
New York 2.47 2.55 0.584 3.48 3.52 0.902 7.55 7.29 0.590 1.46 1.61 0.353 2.37 2.46 0.594
North Carolina 2.69 3.02 0.143 4.14 4.00 0.789 7.82 8.59 0.314 1.67 1.97 0.253 2.54 2.92 0.124
North Dakota 2.24 2.28 0.842 3.56a 2.64 0.035 6.28 5.78 0.365 1.24 1.48 0.290 2.12 2.25 0.556
Ohio 2.59 2.67 0.653 3.60 3.29 0.282 7.18 7.22 0.920 1.71 1.84 0.520 2.49 2.60 0.525
Oklahoma 2.11 1.88 0.255 3.24a 2.35 0.036 5.41 5.88 0.471 1.38 1.10 0.276 1.99 1.83 0.469
Oregon 2.74 2.87 0.615 4.58 4.58 0.998 8.51 7.58 0.226 1.61 1.93 0.259 2.56 2.70 0.607
Pennsylvania 2.35 2.48 0.402 3.62a 3.05 0.045 6.19 6.81 0.167 1.56 1.69 0.471 2.23 2.42 0.239
Rhode Island 2.56b 2.99 0.085 4.05 4.28 0.639 7.06 8.05 0.197 1.52 1.88 0.206 2.42b 2.87 0.100
South Carolina 2.49 2.52 0.875 3.82 3.50 0.472 6.36 6.74 0.550 1.67 1.69 0.961 2.36 2.42 0.758
South Dakota 2.07 1.87 0.268 3.43a 2.40 0.012 5.01 5.19 0.771 1.39 1.22 0.430 1.93 1.81 0.559
Tennessee 2.42 2.27 0.407 3.25 3.05 0.628 7.47 6.57 0.153 1.49 1.47 0.922 2.33 2.19 0.475
Texas 2.18 2.05 0.359 4.11b 3.45 0.070 5.60 5.57 0.941 1.25 1.19 0.713 1.94 1.88 0.708
Utah 2.54 2.55 0.980 3.70 3.53 0.735 6.27 6.43 0.802 1.48 1.49 0.989 2.38 2.41 0.893
Vermont 2.78 2.54 0.306 4.10 3.52 0.245 9.33 8.11 0.150 1.52 1.48 0.857 2.66 2.45 0.415
Virginia 2.16 2.37 0.212 3.79 3.28 0.223 6.48 7.20 0.309 1.23 1.45 0.254 1.99 2.28 0.126
Washington 2.38 2.60 0.259 4.24 3.68 0.239 6.91 7.18 0.710 1.41 1.72 0.145 2.19 2.49 0.154
West Virginia 2.62 2.47 0.569 3.09 3.05 0.904 7.75b 6.45 0.066 1.80 1.81 0.979 2.57 2.42 0.578
Wisconsin 2.02 2.05 0.843 3.66 3.15 0.242 5.63 6.18 0.355 1.21 1.23 0.932 1.84 1.93 0.626
Wyoming 1.93 2.01 0.648 3.62 3.17 0.333 5.41 5.69 0.639 1.13 1.24 0.579 1.76 1.89 0.479
140915
Table 22 – Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2011-2012)
12+
(2012-2013)
12+
(P Value)
12-17
(2011-2012)
12-17
(2012-2013)
12-17
(P Value)
18-25
(2011-2012)
18-25
(2012-2013)
18-25
(P Value)
26+
(2011-2012)
26+
(2012-2013)
26+
(P Value)
18+
(2011-2012)
18+
(2012-2013)
18+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2011-2012 and the 2012-2013 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
NOTE: Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers).
a Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011, 2012, and 2013.
Total U.S. 6.32 6.40 0.470 3.46a 2.96 0.000 13.94a 13.34 0.011 5.36a 5.63 0.045 6.62 6.76 0.254
Northeast 6.47 6.37 0.598 3.70a 3.10 0.001 14.36 13.77 0.135 5.46 5.51 0.851 6.74 6.69 0.791
Midwest 6.68 6.52 0.312 3.40a 2.99 0.003 14.41a 13.61 0.015 5.78 5.76 0.925 7.03 6.90 0.435
South 5.75a 6.09 0.020 3.14a 2.82 0.019 12.78 12.53 0.430 4.87a 5.40 0.004 6.03a 6.44 0.011
West 6.78 6.79 0.952 3.86a 3.05 0.000 15.01a 14.05 0.038 5.68 5.97 0.245 7.10 7.19 0.669
Alabama 4.82a 6.09 0.007 3.12 3.27 0.727 11.16 12.03 0.356 3.93a 5.41 0.009 5.01a 6.39 0.007
Alaska 8.01a 6.64 0.014 3.60a 2.54 0.008 15.63b 13.53 0.060 7.21b 5.90 0.058 8.53a 7.11 0.021
Arizona 6.60 6.69 0.867 3.71 3.21 0.268 13.67 12.88 0.470 5.76 6.07 0.631 6.93 7.08 0.797
Arkansas 4.99 5.34 0.411 3.03 2.63 0.309 11.69 12.19 0.588 4.10 4.52 0.424 5.20 5.63 0.360
California 6.54 6.79 0.445 4.06a 2.92 0.001 15.00 14.35 0.368 5.29 5.89 0.134 6.82 7.21 0.272
Colorado 7.50 6.95 0.283 3.50 3.09 0.341 16.59 14.92 0.127 6.45 6.07 0.552 7.91 7.35 0.314
Connecticut 7.11 6.79 0.574 3.70b 2.85 0.075 15.77 14.34 0.231 6.18 6.07 0.878 7.48 7.20 0.666
Delaware 6.70 6.65 0.913 3.13 2.81 0.388 15.51 14.96 0.604 5.61 5.67 0.921 7.05 7.02 0.946
District of Columbia 11.03 11.38 0.678 3.06 2.39 0.141 17.11 17.63 0.708 10.21 10.65 0.680 11.52 11.92 0.660
Florida 5.61 5.85 0.444 2.96 2.66 0.269 12.72 11.83 0.136 4.81 5.28 0.214 5.85 6.14 0.400
Georgia 5.15 5.34 0.649 2.89b 2.29 0.089 11.29 10.56 0.447 4.36 4.83 0.376 5.41 5.69 0.551
Hawaii 7.03 7.26 0.719 4.18 3.31 0.102 17.48 15.80 0.215 5.72 6.35 0.418 7.31 7.63 0.639
Idaho 6.82 6.57 0.633 3.56 3.55 0.973 14.23 12.51 0.101 5.97 5.96 0.996 7.22 6.94 0.633
Illinois 6.85b 6.19 0.052 3.34a 2.49 0.002 14.91a 13.27 0.019 5.93 5.47 0.254 7.23b 6.59 0.085
Indiana 6.64 6.90 0.626 3.35 3.25 0.799 14.88 13.98 0.391 5.61 6.12 0.441 7.01 7.30 0.614
Iowa 6.88a 5.85 0.040 3.17 2.87 0.471 15.30b 13.27 0.059 5.85 4.91 0.110 7.27a 6.16 0.044
Kansas 5.80b 6.82 0.062 3.51 3.20 0.453 12.84 13.03 0.861 4.84a 6.18 0.042 6.06b 7.23 0.053
Kentucky 5.14b 5.87 0.089 3.19 2.97 0.575 11.77 13.18 0.185 4.29 5.01 0.147 5.35b 6.17 0.078
Louisiana 6.32 5.94 0.453 3.03 2.89 0.719 13.58a 11.69 0.044 5.41 5.29 0.844 6.68 6.27 0.462
Maine 5.81 6.14 0.487 3.15 3.09 0.881 14.55 14.36 0.863 4.85 5.30 0.416 6.06 6.42 0.486
Maryland 5.82 6.36 0.242 3.10 2.69 0.303 13.05 13.18 0.902 4.94 5.67 0.194 6.10 6.74 0.213
Massachusetts 7.28 6.60 0.162 3.89b 3.18 0.099 15.77 14.21 0.198 6.17 5.64 0.363 7.61 6.92 0.197
Michigan 6.76 6.62 0.673 3.72a 2.99 0.009 13.41 13.22 0.775 6.00 5.94 0.874 7.09 7.01 0.825
Minnesota 7.03b 6.15 0.100 3.60 2.97 0.115 15.86a 13.02 0.013 6.00 5.41 0.362 7.39 6.48 0.122
Mississippi 5.12b 5.89 0.095 3.00 2.69 0.396 10.66 10.99 0.709 4.39b 5.38 0.084 5.36b 6.25 0.083
Missouri 5.94 6.49 0.259 3.49 3.32 0.670 13.18 13.21 0.979 5.01 5.74 0.217 6.19 6.82 0.245
Montana 7.56 7.75 0.743 4.44 4.25 0.735 16.90 16.77 0.917 6.39 6.66 0.698 7.86 8.08 0.727
Nebraska 6.79 7.61 0.135 3.58 3.56 0.967 15.11 15.74 0.579 5.74 6.69 0.151 7.14 8.05 0.132
Nevada 8.44a 7.22 0.046 3.85 2.98 0.102 16.20a 13.75 0.031 7.76 6.71 0.163 8.93b 7.68 0.062
New Hampshire 6.55 7.42 0.128 3.90 4.32 0.405 16.62 18.66 0.101 5.28 6.01 0.282 6.82 7.72 0.147
New Jersey 6.12 6.23 0.822 3.78a 2.79 0.047 15.64 14.05 0.154 4.97 5.46 0.425 6.36 6.59 0.690
New Mexico 6.95 7.10 0.786 4.32 3.74 0.240 14.23 13.26 0.369 6.03 6.46 0.536 7.24 7.47 0.713
New York 6.35 6.24 0.735 3.58b 3.12 0.096 12.93 12.59 0.606 5.51 5.49 0.949 6.62 6.54 0.819
North Carolina 4.47a 5.58 0.022 2.97 2.75 0.622 11.13 12.38 0.262 3.56a 4.79 0.030 4.63a 5.87 0.019
North Dakota 8.23 7.96 0.637 3.36 3.94 0.273 19.10 17.05 0.111 6.47 6.43 0.957 8.68 8.33 0.569
Ohio 6.48 6.10 0.226 3.09 2.74 0.199 13.74 13.14 0.357 5.70 5.35 0.369 6.84 6.46 0.264
Oklahoma 7.96a 6.67 0.022 3.49 3.03 0.228 15.16 13.58 0.116 7.24b 5.91 0.056 8.45a 7.07 0.026
Oregon 7.09 6.66 0.439 3.27 3.19 0.848 15.40 13.97 0.226 6.20 5.89 0.636 7.46 6.99 0.439
Pennsylvania 6.19 6.20 0.973 3.74b 3.17 0.051 13.93 14.17 0.728 5.17 5.22 0.897 6.43 6.49 0.849
Rhode Island 8.30 7.91 0.497 3.72 3.10 0.147 18.75 17.03 0.170 6.80 6.69 0.878 8.74 8.36 0.546
South Carolina 5.96 5.84 0.805 3.52b 2.84 0.095 12.77 11.61 0.220 5.09 5.21 0.825 6.21 6.15 0.907
South Dakota 8.12 7.30 0.164 3.95 3.28 0.166 17.17 16.07 0.392 7.06 6.25 0.262 8.56 7.72 0.198
Tennessee 5.70 5.43 0.541 3.09 2.85 0.541 12.26 11.71 0.599 4.93 4.71 0.658 5.97 5.70 0.570
Texas 6.42 6.55 0.662 3.38b 2.96 0.098 13.79 13.02 0.226 5.47 5.86 0.322 6.79 6.99 0.563
Utah 4.48 5.05 0.155 2.63 2.66 0.936 9.81 10.29 0.615 3.57 4.27 0.148 4.73 5.38 0.149
Vermont 6.32 6.51 0.725 3.93 3.98 0.911 16.00 14.97 0.384 4.92 5.32 0.530 6.54 6.73 0.736
Virginia 5.76a 7.10 0.010 2.93 3.04 0.779 13.38b 15.51 0.079 4.80a 6.14 0.030 6.05a 7.50 0.011
Washington 7.33 6.99 0.529 3.87b 3.15 0.097 16.46b 14.46 0.079 6.23 6.21 0.975 7.69 7.37 0.605
West Virginia 5.45 5.90 0.324 3.32 3.36 0.928 14.63b 12.70 0.087 4.30 5.13 0.128 5.65 6.13 0.324
Wisconsin 6.98 7.50 0.390 3.36 3.68 0.492 14.78 15.44 0.565 6.13 6.64 0.478 7.36 7.89 0.418
Wyoming 7.36 7.86 0.384 4.06 4.35 0.565 16.82 16.19 0.603 6.10 6.83 0.306 7.69 8.21 0.406
140915
Table 23 – Serious Mental Illness in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 NSDUHs
State 18+
(2011-2012)
18+
(2012-2013)
18+
(P Value)
18-25
(2011-2012)
18-25
(2012-2013)
18-25
(P Value)
26+
(2011-2012)
26+
(2012-2013)
26+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2011-2012 and the 2012-2013 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
NOTE: Serious mental illness (SMI) is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, as assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). SMI includes individuals with diagnoses resulting in serious functional impairment. For details, see Section B of the "2011-2012 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/population-data-nsduh/reports?tab=33.
a Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011, 2012, and 2013 (2011 Data – Revised October 2013).
Total U.S. 3.97 4.14 0.106 3.95b 4.17 0.078 3.98 4.14 0.183
Northeast 3.67 3.86 0.222 3.90 4.17 0.169 3.62 3.80 0.326
Midwest 4.15 4.27 0.416 4.29b 4.60 0.077 4.13 4.21 0.620
South 3.96b 4.20 0.084 3.74 3.86 0.438 4.00 4.26 0.103
West 4.07 4.16 0.601 3.99 4.25 0.212 4.08 4.15 0.765
Alabama 4.06 3.79 0.493 3.89 3.77 0.780 4.09 3.79 0.515
Alaska 4.15 4.32 0.630 4.52 4.57 0.921 4.08 4.27 0.648
Arizona 4.60 4.24 0.360 4.24 4.14 0.844 4.67 4.26 0.379
Arkansas 5.07 5.27 0.682 4.51 4.45 0.893 5.16 5.41 0.666
California 3.61 3.88 0.282 3.64 3.92 0.361 3.60 3.87 0.365
Colorado 4.15 3.91 0.507 4.37 4.41 0.946 4.11 3.83 0.500
Connecticut 3.24 3.38 0.629 3.81 4.03 0.627 3.15 3.28 0.707
Delaware 3.74 4.12 0.327 3.87 4.23 0.444 3.72 4.10 0.398
District of Columbia 3.35 3.86 0.140 3.41 3.46 0.909 3.33 3.95 0.143
Florida 3.75 3.96 0.421 3.53 3.76 0.439 3.79 3.98 0.494
Georgia 3.66 3.97 0.423 3.86 3.66 0.644 3.62 4.02 0.375
Hawaii 3.15 3.44 0.477 3.87 4.15 0.610 3.04 3.32 0.542
Idaho 4.67 4.76 0.854 4.39 5.13 0.162 4.72 4.69 0.960
Illinois 3.21 3.37 0.468 3.64 4.14 0.134 3.14 3.24 0.689
Indiana 4.51 4.53 0.962 4.42 5.05 0.224 4.53 4.44 0.868
Iowa 4.12 4.36 0.576 4.40 4.27 0.790 4.07 4.37 0.536
Kansas 4.33 4.34 0.981 3.79 4.00 0.637 4.43 4.40 0.954
Kentucky 4.74 4.97 0.636 4.15 4.62 0.369 4.84 5.03 0.735
Louisiana 3.56b 4.24 0.075 3.51 3.74 0.577 3.57b 4.33 0.092
Maine 4.38 4.94 0.248 4.74 4.76 0.976 4.33 4.96 0.249
Maryland 3.27 3.26 0.987 3.51 3.89 0.381 3.23 3.16 0.849
Massachusetts 3.71 4.25 0.174 3.86 4.45 0.226 3.68 4.21 0.251
Michigan 4.53 4.69 0.575 4.90 5.35 0.216 4.47 4.58 0.733
Minnesota 3.86 4.18 0.412 4.39 4.32 0.901 3.77 4.16 0.397
Mississippi 4.69 4.72 0.951 3.83 3.93 0.830 4.85 4.86 0.977
Missouri 4.51 4.67 0.720 4.31 4.73 0.393 4.55 4.66 0.826
Montana 4.43 4.65 0.612 4.37 5.09 0.182 4.43 4.58 0.779
Nebraska 4.40 4.24 0.672 4.46 4.54 0.863 4.39 4.18 0.648
Nevada 3.95 4.10 0.672 4.07 4.37 0.542 3.92 4.05 0.758
New Hampshire 4.05 3.94 0.762 4.18 4.89 0.172 4.03 3.79 0.573
New Jersey 3.05 3.28 0.432 3.63 4.07 0.331 2.97 3.16 0.554
New Mexico 4.72 4.31 0.352 4.07 4.37 0.551 4.84 4.30 0.304
New York 3.60 3.75 0.558 3.77 3.94 0.620 3.57 3.71 0.622
North Carolina 3.92b 4.74 0.069 3.84 4.15 0.498 3.94b 4.84 0.084
North Dakota 4.04 4.16 0.722 4.40 4.69 0.560 3.96 4.05 0.837
Ohio 4.65 4.61 0.906 4.48 4.57 0.794 4.68 4.62 0.871
Oklahoma 5.24 4.98 0.579 4.26 4.10 0.733 5.42 5.14 0.612
Oregon 4.60 4.83 0.597 4.89 4.94 0.931 4.55 4.81 0.608
Pennsylvania 4.06 4.05 0.977 4.18 4.30 0.721 4.04 4.01 0.927
Rhode Island 4.25 4.90 0.141 4.27 4.47 0.675 4.25 4.99 0.160
South Carolina 4.50 4.38 0.774 4.04 4.23 0.660 4.58 4.41 0.725
South Dakota 3.85 3.57 0.425 4.11 3.91 0.691 3.80 3.51 0.473
Tennessee 4.25 4.59 0.426 3.95 4.21 0.563 4.30 4.66 0.478
Texas 3.68 4.05 0.165 3.34 3.49 0.621 3.74 4.16 0.186
Utah 5.14 5.44 0.527 4.85 5.77 0.143 5.21 5.36 0.790
Vermont 4.74 5.48 0.177 4.14 5.00 0.119 4.85 5.56 0.263
Virginia 3.87 3.90 0.938 4.27 3.88 0.429 3.80 3.90 0.808
Washington 5.14 4.86 0.516 4.36 4.61 0.640 5.27 4.90 0.464
West Virginia 5.48 5.21 0.576 4.41 4.80 0.458 5.64 5.27 0.510
Wisconsin 3.99 4.23 0.544 4.16 4.61 0.365 3.96 4.16 0.656
Wyoming 4.23 4.29 0.879 4.29 4.86 0.295 4.22 4.19 0.955
140915
Table 24 – Any Mental Illness in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 NSDUHs
State 18+
(2011-2012)
18+
(2012-2013)
18+
(P Value)
18-25
(2011-2012)
18-25
(2012-2013)
18-25
(P Value)
26+
(2011-2012)
26+
(2012-2013)
26+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2011-2012 and the 2012-2013 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
NOTE: Any mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, as assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). For details, see Section B of the "2011-2012 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/population-data-nsduh/reports?tab=33.
a Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011, 2012, and 2013 (2011 Data – Revised October 2013).
Total U.S. 18.19 18.53 0.113 19.06 19.50 0.101 18.04 18.36 0.194
Northeast 17.63 18.13 0.137 18.97a 19.89 0.031 17.40 17.84 0.260
Midwest 18.36 18.57 0.467 19.59 19.86 0.442 18.15 18.35 0.545
South 18.16 18.42 0.367 17.77 18.08 0.383 18.22 18.48 0.443
West 18.54 18.96 0.276 20.63 21.07 0.370 18.17 18.58 0.353
Alabama 19.34 19.35 0.994 19.44 18.34 0.344 19.32 19.52 0.861
Alaska 18.94 18.63 0.738 22.34 20.23 0.107 18.30 18.33 0.976
Arizona 18.83 18.34 0.623 20.71 19.08 0.204 18.50 18.21 0.800
Arkansas 19.81 20.46 0.521 18.57 18.67 0.921 20.03 20.76 0.530
California 17.68 18.54 0.147 20.27 21.01 0.338 17.19 18.08 0.201
Colorado 18.12 17.19 0.307 20.10 19.06 0.420 17.79 16.87 0.376
Connecticut 16.71 17.26 0.546 17.63 18.30 0.593 16.57 17.10 0.607
Delaware 18.26 18.38 0.900 19.47 19.92 0.707 18.06 18.12 0.955
District of Columbia 19.44 20.00 0.549 18.60 16.75 0.117 19.65 20.72 0.330
Florida 16.87 16.91 0.949 17.66 17.02 0.349 16.74 16.89 0.836
Georgia 18.99 18.80 0.845 17.63 16.93 0.539 19.24 19.14 0.929
Hawaii 17.48 18.14 0.519 19.84 20.72 0.483 17.12 17.73 0.593
Idaho 20.58 19.97 0.552 19.55 20.60 0.398 20.77 19.86 0.441
Illinois 15.86 16.68 0.172 17.32 18.56 0.105 15.61 16.36 0.271
Indiana 19.87 19.59 0.766 21.09 20.44 0.608 19.65 19.44 0.844
Iowa 18.40 18.03 0.679 20.19 19.82 0.754 18.09 17.71 0.719
Kansas 18.20 17.64 0.523 18.75 18.00 0.516 18.10 17.57 0.601
Kentucky 19.47 19.68 0.830 18.99 20.73 0.164 19.55 19.51 0.966
Louisiana 19.28 20.08 0.417 17.86 18.04 0.877 19.55 20.45 0.427
Maine 20.05 21.36 0.214 20.81 20.64 0.884 19.93 21.46 0.202
Maryland 17.93 16.55 0.114 18.11 18.51 0.727 17.90b 16.23 0.094
Massachusetts 17.38b 19.34 0.054 19.72 21.72 0.124 16.97b 18.92 0.100
Michigan 19.81 20.05 0.685 20.43 21.01 0.434 19.70 19.89 0.788
Minnesota 17.18 17.95 0.411 20.13 19.78 0.765 16.69 17.66 0.374
Mississippi 20.27 19.12 0.241 17.87 16.43 0.194 20.71 19.62 0.335
Missouri 18.99 19.07 0.932 18.50 18.95 0.700 19.07 19.09 0.987
Montana 18.92 19.87 0.368 20.10 21.82 0.154 18.72 19.55 0.491
Nebraska 17.89 17.99 0.911 18.52 19.17 0.568 17.78 17.79 0.992
Nevada 16.05a 18.38 0.016 18.31 20.00 0.173 15.68a 18.12 0.027
New Hampshire 18.53 18.64 0.913 19.78 21.34 0.191 18.34 18.21 0.909
New Jersey 14.66 15.62 0.281 17.05 18.85 0.129 14.29 15.13 0.406
New Mexico 19.59 19.33 0.806 20.27 19.90 0.778 19.47 19.24 0.843
New York 18.61 18.69 0.903 18.93 19.13 0.792 18.55 18.61 0.937
North Carolina 16.84b 18.47 0.087 16.28 17.71 0.231 16.94 18.59 0.123
North Dakota 17.21 16.35 0.285 20.74 19.29 0.229 16.47 15.71 0.429
Ohio 19.64 19.69 0.948 20.54 20.78 0.734 19.50 19.50 0.991
Oklahoma 21.88 20.48 0.165 20.04 20.13 0.939 22.21 20.55 0.148
Oregon 20.89 22.31 0.206 22.48 23.94 0.304 20.64 22.05 0.265
Pennsylvania 17.99 17.96 0.954 19.84 20.87 0.184 17.68 17.47 0.754
Rhode Island 18.80 20.13 0.187 18.80 19.93 0.350 18.81 20.17 0.240
South Carolina 19.56 18.04 0.115 18.08 17.76 0.772 19.81 18.09 0.123
South Dakota 17.77 17.05 0.426 19.79 19.79 0.999 17.42 16.57 0.412
Tennessee 20.25 20.52 0.791 18.55 19.42 0.448 20.53 20.70 0.886
Texas 16.86a 18.11 0.035 16.62b 17.74 0.094 16.91b 18.18 0.061
Utah 22.35 22.30 0.966 24.67 26.90 0.134 21.82 21.25 0.639
Vermont 19.39 19.74 0.729 20.47 22.09 0.212 19.20 19.33 0.912
Virginia 17.50 17.56 0.938 19.18 19.70 0.652 17.21 17.20 0.993
Washington 20.77 19.85 0.345 21.30 21.41 0.931 20.68 19.59 0.329
West Virginia 21.38 21.73 0.730 18.46 19.80 0.276 21.82 22.02 0.857
Wisconsin 17.98 18.33 0.724 20.44 20.53 0.934 17.57 17.97 0.730
Wyoming 19.60 19.10 0.575 21.23 20.29 0.442 19.32 18.90 0.677
140915
Table 25 – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 NSDUHs
State 18+
(2011-2012)
18+
(2012-2013)
18+
(P Value)
18-25
(2011-2012)
18-25
(2012-2013)
18-25
(P Value)
26+
(2011-2012)
26+
(2012-2013)
26+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2011-2012 and the 2012-2013 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
a Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011, 2012, and 2013.
Total U.S. 3.77 3.89 0.203 7.03b 7.33 0.088 3.21 3.30 0.388
Northeast 3.77 3.84 0.670 7.01 7.31 0.257 3.23 3.26 0.863
Midwest 3.91 3.98 0.575 7.35 7.68 0.127 3.33 3.36 0.841
South 3.65 3.81 0.223 6.67 6.78 0.571 3.14 3.30 0.257
West 3.82 3.97 0.380 7.32b 7.88 0.068 3.19 3.27 0.687
Alabama 3.76 3.51 0.490 7.84 6.70 0.110 3.04 2.96 0.840
Alaska 4.38 4.21 0.670 8.29 7.68 0.416 3.65 3.56 0.839
Arizona 4.02 4.04 0.963 8.28 7.70 0.460 3.28 3.40 0.780
Arkansas 4.34 4.59 0.589 7.49 6.82 0.312 3.80 4.21 0.456
California 3.63 3.79 0.504 7.09b 7.94 0.070 2.98 3.02 0.887
Colorado 3.65 3.80 0.669 6.77 7.16 0.586 3.13 3.24 0.782
Connecticut 3.66 3.72 0.862 6.43 6.78 0.577 3.22 3.23 0.979
Delaware 3.80 3.99 0.596 6.42 6.43 0.991 3.35 3.58 0.589
District of Columbia 4.19 4.13 0.866 6.29 6.30 0.982 3.70 3.64 0.898
Florida 3.59 3.51 0.743 6.86 6.81 0.913 3.09 3.01 0.774
Georgia 3.53 3.66 0.714 6.69 6.57 0.853 2.96 3.14 0.666
Hawaii 3.80 4.06 0.542 7.54 8.20 0.420 3.21 3.41 0.690
Idaho 4.08 4.19 0.769 6.80 7.61 0.245 3.60 3.60 0.997
Illinois 3.42 3.52 0.652 6.39a 7.32 0.038 2.92 2.88 0.851
Indiana 4.25 4.13 0.746 8.00 8.10 0.899 3.59 3.43 0.719
Iowa 3.94 4.19 0.482 6.98 7.32 0.628 3.40 3.64 0.565
Kansas 3.83 3.84 0.967 6.43 6.72 0.628 3.35 3.32 0.937
Kentucky 4.11 4.04 0.857 6.82 7.60 0.281 3.67 3.46 0.647
Louisiana 3.96 4.35 0.273 7.06 7.01 0.935 3.38 3.86 0.256
Maine 4.12 4.44 0.440 7.90 7.69 0.767 3.58 3.99 0.397
Maryland 3.43 3.51 0.794 7.00 7.51 0.458 2.84 2.86 0.967
Massachusetts 3.92 4.08 0.698 6.86 7.71 0.204 3.41 3.44 0.944
Michigan 4.43 4.53 0.730 8.68 8.90 0.662 3.70 3.78 0.816
Minnesota 3.59 3.94 0.371 7.31 7.13 0.820 2.99 3.42 0.326
Mississippi 3.92 3.87 0.887 6.44 6.59 0.814 3.46 3.37 0.833
Missouri 3.95 4.05 0.784 6.41 6.84 0.503 3.53 3.58 0.906
Montana 3.80 4.17 0.355 7.91b 9.39 0.069 3.13 3.33 0.680
Nebraska 3.78 4.10 0.375 7.01 7.92 0.175 3.22 3.43 0.610
Nevada 3.76 3.84 0.824 7.32 7.90 0.417 3.19 3.19 0.988
New Hampshire 4.02 3.81 0.553 7.40 8.35 0.190 3.49 3.10 0.325
New Jersey 3.37 3.76 0.252 6.60 7.52 0.194 2.89 3.20 0.417
New Mexico 3.95 3.76 0.640 7.60 7.14 0.538 3.32 3.18 0.755
New York 3.77 3.67 0.694 6.91 6.77 0.763 3.22 3.13 0.762
North Carolina 3.62b 4.33 0.088 6.43 7.10 0.325 3.15 3.87 0.131
North Dakota 3.82 3.96 0.697 7.53 7.70 0.803 3.04 3.15 0.782
Ohio 3.93 3.93 0.992 7.85 7.68 0.721 3.29 3.32 0.912
Oklahoma 4.37 4.01 0.371 7.24 7.48 0.720 3.86 3.39 0.320
Oregon 3.91 4.39 0.245 8.10 8.37 0.726 3.25 3.77 0.270
Pennsylvania 3.88 3.91 0.894 7.52 7.79 0.565 3.27 3.27 0.993
Rhode Island 4.05 4.33 0.459 6.89 7.34 0.497 3.51 3.75 0.573
South Carolina 3.80 4.07 0.493 6.84 7.14 0.642 3.29 3.55 0.554
South Dakota 3.81 3.74 0.838 6.77 7.25 0.495 3.30 3.13 0.672
Tennessee 3.52 3.99 0.224 6.60b 7.72 0.097 3.01 3.37 0.420
Texas 3.34 3.61 0.262 5.61 5.83 0.574 2.91 3.19 0.317
Utah 4.55 4.84 0.486 7.71b 9.16 0.083 3.83 3.85 0.968
Vermont 4.32 4.59 0.550 7.32 7.88 0.459 3.81 4.03 0.672
Virginia 3.71 3.80 0.790 8.13 7.44 0.339 2.95 3.18 0.571
Washington 4.32 4.38 0.866 7.38 7.39 0.990 3.81 3.89 0.857
West Virginia 4.69 4.71 0.960 7.40 7.70 0.674 4.29 4.26 0.959
Wisconsin 4.02 3.95 0.860 7.22 7.88 0.314 3.49 3.30 0.671
Wyoming 4.17 4.14 0.934 7.14 7.57 0.508 3.66 3.55 0.799
140915
Table 26 – Had at Least One Major Depressive Episode in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 NSDUHs
State 18+
(2011-2012)
18+
(2012-2013)
18+
(P Value)
12-17
(2011-2012)
12-17
(2012-2013)
12-17
(P Value)
18-25
(2011-2012)
18-25
(2012-2013)
18-25
(P Value)
26+
(2011-2012)
26+
(2012-2013)
26+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2011-2012 and the 2012-2013 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
NOTE: Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when a person experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. For details, see Section B of the "2011-2012 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/population-data-nsduh/reports?tab=33.
NOTE: There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older.
a Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2011-2012 estimate and the 2012-2013 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011, 2012, and 2013.
Total U.S. 6.72 6.77 0.720 8.66a 9.86 0.000 8.61 8.81 0.245 6.39 6.41 0.897
Northeast 6.35 6.51 0.459 7.96a 9.16 0.000 8.27 8.62 0.253 6.03 6.16 0.604
Midwest 6.82 6.85 0.881 8.68a 9.74 0.000 9.08 9.15 0.738 6.44 6.46 0.929
South 6.74 6.77 0.863 8.51a 9.77 0.000 8.01 8.30 0.205 6.52 6.51 0.960
West 6.89 6.89 0.987 9.37a 10.61 0.000 9.36 9.45 0.765 6.45 6.43 0.943
Alabama 6.34 6.30 0.938 8.69 9.56 0.295 8.55 8.46 0.905 5.96 5.93 0.962
Alaska 7.02 7.28 0.656 8.27 9.40 0.172 10.88 10.30 0.532 6.30 6.71 0.550
Arizona 6.92 6.97 0.932 9.39 10.91 0.127 8.79 8.50 0.737 6.59 6.70 0.873
Arkansas 7.55 7.32 0.713 9.01 10.17 0.212 8.81 8.80 0.982 7.33 7.07 0.716
California 6.38 6.55 0.639 9.17a 10.48 0.019 9.17 9.08 0.848 5.86 6.08 0.592
Colorado 6.43 6.31 0.822 7.74a 9.66 0.044 9.26 8.56 0.406 5.95 5.93 0.975
Connecticut 6.20 6.28 0.868 8.26 9.40 0.186 8.28 8.37 0.907 5.88 5.95 0.893
Delaware 6.63 6.99 0.543 8.49 9.44 0.295 8.52 9.32 0.317 6.31 6.60 0.679
District of Columbia 6.61 6.91 0.635 7.23 7.38 0.851 8.32 7.48 0.267 6.21 6.78 0.463
Florida 5.77 6.03 0.452 8.05a 9.64 0.002 7.33 7.54 0.653 5.53 5.80 0.492
Georgia 7.12 6.75 0.550 8.43 8.49 0.949 8.08 7.78 0.684 6.94 6.57 0.599
Hawaii 6.42 6.69 0.672 9.79 9.75 0.962 8.67 9.61 0.307 6.07 6.24 0.823
Idaho 7.78 7.44 0.569 9.47 10.55 0.237 9.57 10.34 0.377 7.45 6.93 0.448
Illinois 5.86 5.57 0.373 8.86 9.31 0.433 7.95 8.04 0.842 5.50 5.15 0.349
Indiana 6.81 7.20 0.480 7.58a 9.82 0.013 9.16 9.38 0.793 6.40 6.82 0.515
Iowa 7.10 7.27 0.754 9.17 10.03 0.310 10.00 10.13 0.888 6.58 6.76 0.779
Kansas 6.71 6.80 0.882 8.28b 9.87 0.082 8.56 8.72 0.829 6.38 6.45 0.915
Kentucky 7.99 7.00 0.129 9.52 9.09 0.608 8.21 8.57 0.650 7.96 6.74 0.108
Louisiana 6.83 6.28 0.287 8.96 9.31 0.655 7.73 7.44 0.697 6.66 6.07 0.321
Maine 7.33 8.02 0.329 8.91a 11.20 0.020 9.47 9.89 0.628 7.03 7.76 0.367
Maryland 6.97 6.34 0.259 8.07a 10.28 0.015 7.46 8.68 0.135 6.89 5.96 0.150
Massachusetts 6.19 6.66 0.416 8.28 8.61 0.714 7.76 8.49 0.345 5.91 6.34 0.526
Michigan 7.37 7.43 0.856 10.06 10.19 0.818 10.27 10.30 0.950 6.87 6.94 0.868
Minnesota 6.13 6.56 0.430 8.26 8.20 0.945 8.81 8.81 1.000 5.69 6.19 0.424
Mississippi 7.26 7.32 0.931 8.15 8.98 0.342 7.54 7.64 0.895 7.21 7.26 0.949
Missouri 6.93 7.35 0.481 7.62a 9.91 0.013 8.52 9.37 0.271 6.66 7.01 0.615
Montana 7.04 7.11 0.903 9.04 9.23 0.828 9.91 10.12 0.797 6.58 6.62 0.947
Nebraska 6.43 6.57 0.804 7.97 8.80 0.354 8.78 8.53 0.749 6.02 6.22 0.753
Nevada 6.10 6.35 0.633 8.48 9.62 0.242 8.43 8.87 0.581 5.72 5.95 0.713
New Hampshire 7.17 6.90 0.619 9.79 10.27 0.588 9.49 9.81 0.683 6.81 6.44 0.565
New Jersey 5.43 6.12 0.200 7.51b 9.06 0.074 7.49 8.56 0.165 5.12 5.75 0.306
New Mexico 8.57a 7.03 0.029 11.73 10.73 0.282 9.18 9.44 0.765 8.46a 6.60 0.024
New York 6.24 6.36 0.744 7.28a 8.76 0.006 7.88 8.12 0.633 5.96 6.05 0.814
North Carolina 6.57 7.21 0.275 8.11b 9.64 0.093 8.05 8.41 0.638 6.33 7.01 0.313
North Dakota 5.67 5.97 0.569 7.27 7.95 0.446 8.83 8.19 0.435 5.00 5.49 0.439
Ohio 7.89 7.50 0.309 8.90b 9.81 0.075 9.57 9.41 0.764 7.61 7.18 0.335
Oklahoma 7.97 7.68 0.665 8.74 9.23 0.573 8.99 8.93 0.942 7.78 7.46 0.671
Oregon 7.79 8.41 0.369 10.23a 12.65 0.026 10.84 11.41 0.568 7.30 7.94 0.423
Pennsylvania 6.89 6.56 0.320 8.69b 9.54 0.100 9.29 9.15 0.786 6.48 6.14 0.359
Rhode Island 7.65 8.46 0.224 9.00a 11.32 0.017 8.79 9.74 0.290 7.43 8.21 0.315
South Carolina 8.32a 6.46 0.001 9.03 9.44 0.625 8.72 8.05 0.330 8.25a 6.19 0.002
South Dakota 6.13 5.63 0.299 8.32 8.61 0.740 9.14 7.99 0.170 5.60 5.22 0.480
Tennessee 6.79 7.04 0.669 8.57 9.39 0.311 7.89 8.52 0.406 6.61 6.80 0.783
Texas 6.32b 6.99 0.061 8.45a 10.47 0.000 7.78 8.44 0.171 6.04 6.72 0.105
Utah 8.98 9.45 0.473 10.17 11.45 0.202 10.86a 12.90 0.038 8.54 8.66 0.881
Vermont 7.79 7.61 0.779 8.21 9.50 0.159 9.67 10.72 0.222 7.47 7.07 0.595
Virginia 7.01 7.08 0.903 9.14b 10.96 0.059 9.17 9.54 0.667 6.64 6.66 0.975
Washington 8.34 7.28 0.104 10.56 11.08 0.595 9.73 10.33 0.505 8.11b 6.78 0.080
West Virginia 8.56b 7.48 0.089 9.13 9.34 0.810 8.27 8.91 0.409 8.60b 7.26 0.067
Wisconsin 6.69 6.89 0.715 8.57a 11.40 0.004 9.11 9.12 0.995 6.29 6.52 0.713
Wyoming 7.40 7.10 0.603 9.40 10.41 0.275 9.46 9.49 0.975 7.04 6.68 0.597

Methodology Used to Estimate the Bayes
Posterior Probability of No Change between the
2011-2012 and 2012-2013 Small Area Estimates

Comparisons between State small area estimates displayed in Tables 1 to 26 in this document are based on the 2011 through 2013 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (NSDUHs). The moving average State estimates for the overlapping 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 time periods were obtained from independent applications of the survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes (SWHB) methodology; that is, the 2012-2013 models were fit independently of the previously fitted 2011-2012 models. This independent analysis approach was followed because there was no desire to revise the previously published 2011-2012 estimates. Moreover, the same fixed predictor variables were used in the 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 models, but annual updates were made when more current versions became available.1 The age group-specific fixed predictor variables were defined at five levels (namely, the person level, census block group level, tract level, county level, and State level). Also, each age group model had 51 State-level random effects and 300 "within-State" area-level random effects.

To estimate change in State estimates, let pi 1 sub s and a and pi 2 sub s and a denote the 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 prevalence rates, respectively, for State-s and age group-a. The change between pi 1 sub s and a and pi 2 sub s and a is defined in terms of the log-odds ratio (lor sub s and a) as opposed to the simple difference because the posterior distribution of the lor sub s and a is closer to Gaussian than the posterior distribution of the simple difference (Pi 2 sub s and a minus pi 1 sub s and a represents the simple difference between the 2012-2013 and 2011-2012 prevalence rates.). The lor sub s and a is defined as

Equation 1,     D


where ln denotes the natural logarithm. The p value given is computed to test the null hypothesis of no change (i.e. Pi 2 sub s and a is equal to pi 1 sub s and a. or equivalently Log-odds ratio lor sub s and a = 0). An estimate of lor sub s and a is given by

Equation 2,     D

where the p 1 sub s and a are previously published 2011-2012 State estimates and the p 2 sub s and a are the 2012-2013 State estimates. To compute the variance of the estimate of the log-odds ratio, lor hat sub s and a, that is, variance v of the estimate of the log-odds ratio, lor hat sub s and a, let Theta 1 hat equal the ratio of p 1 sub s and a and 1 minus p 1 sub s and a and Theta 2 hat equal the ratio of p 2 sub s and a and 1 minus p 2 sub s and a, then

Equation 3,     D

where covariance between the natural logarithm of Theta 1 hat and the natural logarithm of Theta 2 hat denotes the covariance between natural logarithm of Theta 1 hat and natural logarithm of Theta 2 hat. This covariance is defined in terms of the associated correlation as follows:

Equation 4.     D

Note that variance v of the natural logarithm of Theta 1 hat and variance v of the natural logarithm of Theta 2 hat used here to calculate variance v of the estimate of the log-odds ratio, lor hat sub s and a are the same variances used in calculating the previously published 2011-2012 Bayesian confidence intervals and the 2012-2013 Bayesian confidence intervals, respectively.

The correlation between natural logarithm of Theta 1 hat and natural logarithm of Theta 2 hat was obtained by simultaneously modeling the 2011, 2012, and 2013 NSDUH data. This simultaneous modeling approach was adopted based on the results of the validation study2 conducted for measuring change in the 1999-2000 and 2000-2001 State estimates. For this simultaneous model, 4 age groups (12 to 17, 18 to 25, 26 to 34, and 35 or older) by 3 years (2011, 2012, and 2013), that is, 12 subpopulation-specific models, were fitted, each with its own set of fixed and random effects. In this case, the general covariance matrices for the State and within-State random effects were 12 × 12 matrices corresponding to the 12 element (age group × year) vectors of random effects. Note that the survey-weighted, Bernoulli-type log likelihood employed in the SWHB methodology was appropriate for this simultaneous model because the 12 age group × year subpopulations were nonoverlapping. The correlation [natural logarithm of Theta 1 hat,natural logarithm of Theta 2 hat] was approximated by the correlation calculated using the posterior distributions of the natural logarithm of pi 1 sub s and a divided by 1 minus pi 1 sub s and a and the natural logarithm of pi 2 sub s and a divided by 1 minus pi 2 sub s and a from the simultaneous model.

To calculate the p value for testing the null hypothesis of no difference (Log-odds ratio lor is equal to zero.), it is assumed that the posterior distribution of lor is normal with Mean is equal to estimate of the log-odds ratio, lor hat sub s and a. and Variance is equal to variance v of the estimate of the log-odds ratio, lor hat sub s and a.. With the null value of (Log-odds ratio lor is equal to zero.), the Bayes p value or posterior probability of no difference is The p value is equal to 2 times the probability of realizing a standard normal variate greater than or equal to the absolute value of a quantity z., where Z is a standard normal random variate, Quantity z is the estimate of the log-odds ratio, lor hat sub s and a, divided by the square root of the variance v of the estimate of the log-odds ratio, lor hat sub s and a., and absolute value of quantity z denotes the absolute value of z.



End Notes

1 For details, see Section B in the "2011-2012 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/population-data-nsduh/reports?tab=33.

2 See Appendix E, Section E.2, of the following report: Wright, D. (2003). State estimates of substance use from the 2001 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse: Volume II. Individual state tables and technical appendices (HHS Publication No. SMA 03-3826, NHSDA Series H-20). Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Office of Applied Studies.



Long Descriptions

Long description, Equation 1. The log-odds ratio, lor sub s and a, is defined as the natural logarithm of the ratio of two quantities. The numerator of the ratio is pi 2 sub s and a divided by 1 minus pi 2 sub s and a. The denominator of the ratio is pi 1 sub s and a divided by 1 minus pi 1 sub s and a.

Long description end. Return to Equation 1.

Long description, Equation 2. The estimate of the log-odds ratio, lor hat sub s and a, is defined as the natural logarithm of the ratio of two quantities. The numerator of the ratio is p 2 sub s and a divided by 1 minus p 2 sub s and a. The denominator of the ratio is p 1 sub s and a divided by 1 minus p 1 sub s and a, where p 1 sub s and a are the 2011-2012 State estimates and p 2 sub s and a are the 2012-2013 State estimates.

Long description end. Return to Equation 2.

Long description, Equation 3. Variance v of the estimate of the log-odds ratio, lor hat sub s and a, is a function of three quantities: q1, q2, and q3. It is expressed as the sum of q1 and q2 minus q3. Quantity q1 is the variance v of the natural logarithm of Theta 1 hat, quantity q2 is the variance v of the natural logarithm of Theta 2 hat, and quantity q3 is 2 times the covariance between the natural logarithm of Theta 1 hat and the natural logarithm of Theta 2 hat.

Long description end. Return to Equation 3.

Long description, Equation 4. The covariance between the natural logarithm of Theta 1 hat and the natural logarithm of Theta 2 hat is equal to the correlation between the natural logarithm of Theta 1 hat and the natural logarithm of Theta 2 hat multiplied by the square root of the product of the variance v of the natural logarithm of Theta 1 hat and variance v of the natural logarithm of Theta 2 hat.

Long description end. Return to Equation 4.

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