2011 Tables: Risk and Protective Factors - 3.1 to 3.25 (PE), SAMHSA, CBHSQ

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Table 3.1A – Perceived Risk of Harm Associated with Substance Use and Perceived Availability of Substances, by Age Group: Numbers in Thousands, 2010 and 2011
Risk/Availability	Total (2010)	Total (2011)	Aged 12-17 (2010)	Aged 12-17 (2011)	Aged 18-25 (2010)	Aged 18-25 (2011)	Aged 26+ (2010)	Aged 26+ (2011)
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. ¹ Response categories for the Perception of Risk questions include "No risk," "Slight risk," "Moderate risk," and "Great risk." The estimates in this table correspond to persons reporting "Great risk." Respondents with unknown Perception of Risk data were excluded. ² Respondents with unknown Perceived Availability data were excluded. ³ Response categories for the Perceived Availability questions pertaining to the listed illicit drugs include "Probably impossible," "Very difficult," "Fairly difficult," "Fairly easy," and "Very easy." The estimates in this table correspond to persons reporting "Fairly easy" or "Very easy." Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
PERCEPTIONS OF GREAT RISK¹
Cigarettes
Smoke One or More Packs Per Day	179,806^a	182,546	15,706^b	16,327	22,245	22,501	141,855	143,718
Marijuana
Smoke Once a Month	80,919	80,875	7,078^a	6,758	6,259	6,142	67,581	67,975
Smoke Once or Twice a Week	107,617	107,133	11,314^a	10,986	9,140^a	8,736	87,164	87,410
Cocaine
Use Once a Month	175,021	175,835	11,679	11,712	20,847	21,041	142,495	143,082
Use Once or Twice a Week	219,569^b	221,840	18,649^b	19,035	28,475	28,774	172,445^a	174,031
Heroin
Try Once or Twice	203,667^b	207,554	13,559	13,729	25,860^b	26,458	164,249^b	167,368
Use Once or Twice a Week	232,912^b	236,448	19,035^a	19,357	31,176^a	31,427	182,701^b	185,663
LSD
Try Once or Twice	172,951^b	176,281	10,897	11,060	19,737	20,106	142,317^a	145,114
Use Once or Twice a Week	213,198^b	215,905	16,274^a	16,577	26,877	26,942	170,048^b	172,386
Alcohol
Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day	173,467	174,163	15,584^a	15,973	21,026	21,165	136,857	137,025
Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	108,077	107,573	9,717	10,026	11,422	11,801	86,938	85,746
PERCEIVED AVAILABILITY²
Fairly or Very Easy to Obtain³
Marijuana	138,341^b	141,832	11,516	11,544	25,425	25,353	101,400^b	104,935
Cocaine	63,475	64,021	4,420^a	4,178	11,230^b	10,513	47,825	49,330
Crack	57,920	57,296	4,653^b	4,331	8,260^b	7,722	45,007	45,243
Heroin	36,992	38,213	2,679	2,542	5,528^b	5,042	28,785^a	30,629
LSD	35,762	35,635	2,925	2,851	6,072	5,851	26,766	26,932
Approached in the Past Month by Someone Selling Drugs	18,854	18,240	3,474	3,438	6,490	6,182	8,889	8,621

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Table 3.1B – Perceived Risk of Harm Associated with Substance Use and Perceived Availability of Substances, by Age Group: Percentages, 2010 and 2011
Risk/Availability	Total (2010)	Total (2011)	Aged 12-17 (2010)	Aged 12-17 (2011)	Aged 18-25 (2010)	Aged 18-25 (2011)	Aged 26+ (2010)	Aged 26+ (2011)
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. ¹ Response categories for the Perception of Risk questions include "No risk," "Slight risk," "Moderate risk," and "Great risk." The estimates in this table correspond to persons reporting "Great risk." Respondents with unknown Perception of Risk data were excluded. ² Respondents with unknown Perceived Availability data were excluded. ³ Response categories for the Perceived Availability questions pertaining to the listed illicit drugs include "Probably impossible," "Very difficult," "Fairly difficult," "Fairly easy," and "Very easy." The estimates in this table correspond to persons reporting "Fairly easy" or "Very easy." Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
PERCEPTIONS OF GREAT RISK¹
Cigarettes
Smoke One or More Packs Per Day	71.4	71.3	65.3	66.2	65.5	65.9	73.2	72.8
Marijuana
Smoke Once a Month	32.5	31.9	29.6^b	27.6	18.5	18.0	35.4	34.9
Smoke Once or Twice a Week	43.2	42.3	47.2^b	44.8	27.0^a	25.6	45.6	44.9
Cocaine
Use Once a Month	70.2	69.4	49.1	48.1	61.9	62.0	74.3	73.4
Use Once or Twice a Week	88.0	87.5	78.3	78.1	84.5	84.8	89.8	89.2
Heroin
Try Once or Twice	81.8	82.0	57.4	56.6	76.8^a	78.0	85.7	85.9
Use Once or Twice a Week	93.4	93.4	80.4	79.7	92.6	92.6	95.2	95.2
LSD
Try Once or Twice	70.1	70.3	47.8	47.0	59.3	60.1	74.6	74.9
Use Once or Twice a Week	86.3	86.1	71.3	70.4	80.6	80.4	89.1	89.0
Alcohol
Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day	69.0	68.2	64.7	64.8	62.0	62.0	70.7	69.7
Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	43.0	42.1	40.4	40.7	33.7	34.5	44.9	43.6
PERCEIVED AVAILABILITY²
Fairly or Very Easy to Obtain³
Marijuana	57.1	57.5	48.9	47.7	75.7	75.0	54.8	55.6
Cocaine	26.7	26.5	19.1^b	17.5	34.0^b	31.7	26.3	26.7
Crack	24.4	23.7	20.1^b	18.2	25.2^b	23.4	24.8	24.5
Heroin	15.6	15.9	11.6^a	10.7	16.9^b	15.3	15.9	16.6
LSD	15.2	14.9	13.0	12.2	18.6	17.9	14.8	14.7
Approached in the Past Month by Someone Selling Drugs	7.4	7.1	14.3	13.8	19.1^a	18.0	4.6	4.4

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Table 3.2A –Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Cigarette and Alcohol Use among Persons Aged 12 to 17, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	CIGARETTES		ALCOHOL
	Smoke One or More Packs Per Day		Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day		Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week
	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). NOTE: Response categories for the Perception of Risk questions include "No risk," "Slight risk," "Moderate risk," and "Great risk." The estimates in this table correspond to persons reporting "Great risk." Respondents with unknown Perception of Risk data were excluded. ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	15,706^b	16,327	15,584^a	15,973	9,717	10,026
AGE
12-13	5,015	5,061	5,246	5,167	3,310	3,309
14-15	5,187	5,481	5,038^a	5,380	3,114^a	3,349
16-17	5,505	5,786	5,299	5,426	3,293	3,369
GENDER
Male	7,529^b	7,886	7,315	7,372	4,498	4,608
Female	8,176^b	8,441	8,269^b	8,601	5,220	5,418
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	12,617	12,821	12,536	12,603	7,672	7,760
White	9,180	9,239	8,923	8,764	5,149	5,092
Black or African American	2,225	2,155	2,391	2,343	1,734	1,678
American Indian or Alaska Native	74	80	73	88	59	51
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	756	845	775	904	506	594
Two or More Races	348^a	448	335^b	460	200^b	311
Hispanic or Latino	3,089^b	3,507	3,047^b	3,370	2,045^b	2,266
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	8,498	8,777	8,673	8,750	5,331	5,522
Small Metro	4,846^a	5,179	4,726	4,970	2,994	3,049
Nonmetro	2,362	2,371	2,185	2,252	1,392	1,455

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Table 3.2B – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Cigarette and Alcohol Use among Persons Aged 12 to 17, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	CIGARETTES		ALCOHOL
	Smoke One or More Packs Per Day		Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day		Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week
	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). NOTE: Response categories for the Perception of Risk questions include "No risk," "Slight risk," "Moderate risk," and "Great risk." The estimates in this table correspond to persons reporting "Great risk." Respondents with unknown Perception of Risk data were excluded. ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	65.3	66.2	64.7	64.8	40.4	40.7
AGE
12-13	64.7	65.4	67.6	66.9	42.8	42.9
14-15	65.2	65.5	63.3	64.2	39.1	40.0
16-17	65.9	67.6	63.4	63.5	39.4	39.4
GENDER
Male	61.2	62.5	59.4	58.6	36.5	36.6
Female	69.6	70.0	70.3	71.3	44.5	44.9
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	65.7	66.3	65.2	65.2	39.9	40.2
White	65.7	67.0	63.8	63.6	36.9	37.0
Black or African American	63.8	62.4	68.4	67.8	49.7	48.6
American Indian or Alaska Native	58.2	59.4	56.1	65.4	45.4	38.5
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	73.0	71.0	74.9	75.8	48.7	49.8
Two or More Races	66.5	63.0	64.1	65.0	38.2	43.6
Hispanic or Latino	63.9	65.9	63.0	63.4	42.3	42.7
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	66.0	66.9	67.3	66.6	41.4	42.0
Small Metro	65.1	66.6	63.5	64.1	40.3	39.4
Nonmetro	63.3	63.0	58.5	59.9	37.3	38.8

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Table 3.3A – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Marijuana and Cocaine Use among Persons Aged 12 to 17, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	MARIJUANA				COCAINE
	Smoke Once a Month		Smoke Once or Twice a Week		Use Once a Month		Use Once or Twice a Week
	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). NOTE: Response categories for the Perception of Risk questions include "No risk," "Slight risk," "Moderate risk," and "Great risk." The estimates in this table correspond to persons reporting "Great risk." Respondents with unknown Perception of Risk data were excluded. ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	7,078^a	6,758	11,314^a	10,986	11,679	11,712	18,649^b	19,035
AGE
12-13	2,982^a	2,756	4,651	4,417	3,166	2,988	5,457	5,466
14-15	2,259	2,227	3,721	3,688	3,808	3,913	6,199	6,494
16-17	1,838	1,775	2,942	2,881	4,705	4,811	6,993	7,076
GENDER
Male	3,329^b	3,067	5,298^a	5,069	6,088	5,902	9,657	9,704
Female	3,750	3,691	6,016	5,917	5,591^a	5,809	8,992^b	9,332
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	5,675^a	5,365	9,234^b	8,751	9,479	9,358	15,194	15,211
White	4,068	3,842	6,958^a	6,529	6,786	6,597	11,255	11,139
Black or African American	1,031	910	1,345	1,215	1,872	1,772	2,546	2,470
American Indian or Alaska Native	35	32	60	54	68	63	98	100
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	370	380	620	657	478	503	826	879
Two or More Races	144	185	215	280	241^b	378	415^b	570
Hispanic or Latino	1,403	1,393	2,080	2,235	2,199	2,354	3,455^b	3,824
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	3,632	3,476	5,854	5,670	6,187	6,280	9,930	10,118
Small Metro	2,197	2,082	3,509	3,447	3,641	3,625	5,784	5,970
Nonmetro	1,250	1,200	1,951	1,869	1,851	1,807	2,934	2,947

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Table 3.3B – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Marijuana and Cocaine Use among Persons Aged 12 to 17, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	MARIJUANA				COCAINE
	Smoke Once a Month		Smoke Once or Twice a Week		Use Once a Month		Use Once or Twice a Week
	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). NOTE: Response categories for the Perception of Risk questions include "No risk," "Slight risk," "Moderate risk," and "Great risk." The estimates in this table correspond to persons reporting "Great risk." Respondents with unknown Perception of Risk data were excluded. ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	29.6^b	27.6	47.2^b	44.8	49.1	48.1	78.3	78.1
AGE
12-13	39.0^b	36.0	60.6^b	57.6	41.6^a	39.2	71.4	71.7
14-15	28.5	26.7	46.9^a	44.3	48.4	47.3	78.6	78.4
16-17	22.1	20.8	35.2	33.7	56.9	56.9	84.4	83.6
GENDER
Male	27.3^b	24.5	43.2^b	40.5	50.1^b	47.6	79.3	78.2
Female	32.1	30.7	51.4^a	49.2	48.1	48.6	77.3	78.0
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	29.7^b	27.9	48.2^b	45.5	49.9	49.0	79.8	79.5
White	29.3	28.1	50.0^b	47.7	49.1	48.5	81.3	81.8
Black or African American	29.6^a	26.3	38.6^a	35.2	54.2	51.5	73.7	72.0
American Indian or Alaska Native	27.3	23.9	46.3	40.1	52.6	46.5	75.8	73.9
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	36.1	32.4	60.0	55.5	47.3	43.1	80.7^a	74.8
Two or More Races	27.6	26.2	41.1	39.6	46.4^a	54.1	79.9	81.3
Hispanic or Latino	29.2	26.4	43.2	42.2	46.0	44.9	72.3	72.9
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	28.3	26.7	45.6^a	43.4	48.6	48.4	77.8	77.9
Small Metro	29.8^b	27.0	47.4^a	44.6	49.5^a	47.3	78.6	77.9
Nonmetro	33.8	32.0	52.5	49.8	50.4	48.6	79.5	79.2

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Table 3.4A – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Heroin and LSD Use among Persons Aged 12 to 17, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	HEROIN				LSD
	Try Once or Twice		Use Once or Twice a Week		Try Once or Twice		Use Once or Twice a Week
	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). NOTE: Response categories for the Perception of Risk questions include "No risk," "Slight risk," "Moderate risk," and "Great risk." The estimates in this table correspond to persons reporting "Great risk." Respondents with unknown Perception of Risk data were excluded. ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	13,559	13,729	19,035^a	19,357	10,897	11,060	16,274^a	16,577
AGE
12-13	3,514	3,404	5,320	5,238	3,028	2,929	4,604	4,552
14-15	4,421	4,543	6,369	6,630	3,517	3,671	5,433	5,625
16-17	5,624	5,782	7,347	7,489	4,352	4,460	6,236	6,400
GENDER
Male	7,130	7,113	9,847	9,896	5,662	5,638	8,387	8,436
Female	6,429	6,616	9,188^b	9,461	5,235	5,423	7,887^b	8,141
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	10,789	10,759	15,424	15,420	8,704	8,677	13,268	13,206
White	7,658	7,600	11,478	11,297	6,190	6,103	9,973	9,726
Black or African American	2,164	2,034	2,551	2,503	1,782	1,678	2,127	2,109
American Indian or Alaska Native	77	66	98	92	63	66	88	80
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	561	578	838	892	407	475	689	766
Two or More Races	293^b	432	416^b	588	230^a	314	352^b	482
Hispanic or Latino	2,770^a	2,969	3,611^b	3,937	2,192^a	2,384	3,005^b	3,372
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	7,349	7,425	10,109	10,333	5,709	5,884	8,546	8,788
Small Metro	4,168	4,241	5,970	6,096	3,416	3,432	5,073	5,230
Nonmetro	2,042	2,064	2,956	2,928	1,772	1,744	2,655	2,559

120407

Table 3.4B – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Heroin and LSD Use among Persons Aged 12 to 17, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	HEROIN				LSD
	Try Once or Twice		Use Once or Twice a Week		Try Once or Twice		Use Once or Twice a Week
	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). NOTE: Response categories for the Perception of Risk questions include "No risk," "Slight risk," "Moderate risk," and "Great risk." The estimates in this table correspond to persons reporting "Great risk." Respondents with unknown Perception of Risk data were excluded. ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	57.4	56.6	80.4	79.7	47.8	47.0	71.3	70.4
AGE
12-13	46.8	45.1	70.6	69.3	42.6	40.7	64.5	63.1
14-15	56.4	55.1	81.1	80.3	46.5	45.9	71.9	70.4
16-17	68.1	68.3	88.8	88.4	53.6	53.6	76.7	76.8
GENDER
Male	59.0	57.4	81.4^a	79.8	48.5	46.9	71.8^a	70.1
Female	55.8	55.7	79.5	79.6	47.1	47.2	70.8	70.8
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	57.2	56.5	81.6	80.9	47.8	47.1	72.8	71.5
White	55.8	56.0	83.4	83.2	46.6	46.4	74.9	73.8
Black or African American	63.3^a	59.5	74.5	73.2	54.2	50.9	64.9	64.0
American Indian or Alaska Native	60.0	49.9	76.3	69.2	50.4	51.3	70.4	62.5
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	56.0	49.5	83.4^a	76.3	42.6	42.5	72.4	68.4
Two or More Races	56.9	62.0	80.6	84.3	46.8	47.0	71.0	71.8
Hispanic or Latino	58.3	56.8	75.9	75.4	47.7	46.8	65.4	66.4
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	58.2	57.3	79.9	79.9	46.9	47.0	70.2	70.2
Small Metro	57.0	55.6	81.4	79.7	48.3	46.3	71.7	70.4
Nonmetro	55.8	55.9	80.4	79.0	49.8	48.6	74.4^a	71.3

120407

Table 3.5A – Perceived That Obtaining Specific Illicit Drugs Would Be Fairly or Very Easy among Persons Aged 12 to 17, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/ Geographic Characteristic	Marijuana (2010)	Marijuana (2011)	Cocaine (2010)	Cocaine (2011)	Crack (2010)	Crack (2011)	Heroin (2010)	Heroin (2011)	LSD (2010)	LSD (2011)
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). NOTE: Response categories for the Perceived Availability questions include "Probably impossible," "Very difficult," "Fairly difficult," "Fairly easy," and "Very easy." The estimates in this table correspond to persons reporting "Fairly easy" or "Very easy." Respondents with unknown Perceived Availability data were excluded. ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	11,516	11,544	4,420^a	4,178	4,653^b	4,331	2,679	2,542	2,925	2,851
AGE
12-13	1,540	1,443	836	763	1,028^b	864	571	510	376	370
14-15	4,140	4,126	1,555	1,442	1,722	1,584	973	902	1,057	955
16-17	5,837	5,975	2,030	1,973	1,903	1,884	1,135	1,130	1,492	1,527
GENDER
Male	5,844	5,760	1,881^b	1,677	1,871^a	1,676	1,112	1,029	1,256	1,210
Female	5,673	5,784	2,539	2,501	2,782	2,655	1,567	1,513	1,669	1,641
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	9,142	9,040	3,352^a	3,138	3,661^b	3,309	2,100	1,941	2,240	2,243
White	6,788	6,638	2,355	2,234	2,527^a	2,313	1,421	1,373	1,723	1,739
Black or African American	1,673	1,587	730	628	823^a	701	494^b	385	348	303
American Indian or Alaska Native	61	62	21	18	17	19	10	13	9	15
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	306	357	125	122	145	145	83	84	73	101
Two or More Races	288^a	361	114	126	142	118	87	75	82	78
Hispanic or Latino	2,374	2,504	1,068	1,040	992	1,022	579	601	685	608
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	6,285	6,290	2,448	2,282	2,521^a	2,307	1,467	1,389	1,614	1,615
Small Metro	3,508	3,645	1,339	1,339	1,427	1,393	810	796	924	873
Nonmetro	1,724	1,609	632	557	705	631	402	356	387	363

120407

Table 3.5B – Perceived That Obtaining Specific Illicit Drugs Would Be Fairly or Very Easy among Persons Aged 12 to 17, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/ Geographic Characteristic	Marijuana (2010)	Marijuana (2011)	Cocaine (2010)	Cocaine (2011)	Crack (2010)	Crack (2011)	Heroin (2010)	Heroin (2011)	LSD (2010)	LSD (2011)
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). NOTE: Response categories for the Perceived Availability questions include "Probably impossible," "Very difficult," "Fairly difficult," "Fairly easy," and "Very easy." The estimates in this table correspond to persons reporting "Fairly easy" or "Very easy." Respondents with unknown Perceived Availability data were excluded. ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	48.9	47.7	19.1^b	17.5	20.1^b	18.2	11.6^a	10.7	13.0	12.2
AGE
12-13	20.6	19.3	11.3	10.3	13.9^b	11.7	7.8	7.0	5.3	5.2
14-15	53.0^b	50.0	20.3^b	17.7	22.4^b	19.4	12.8^a	11.1	14.1^b	12.0
16-17	70.5	70.7	25.0	23.8	23.5	22.7	14.1	13.7	18.7	18.6
GENDER
Male	48.4^a	46.5	15.8^b	13.7	15.8^b	13.7	9.4	8.5	10.8	10.1
Female	49.4	49.0	22.5	21.5	24.7^a	22.8	14.0	13.1	15.3	14.5
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	48.6	47.7	18.1^a	16.8	19.8^b	17.7	11.4^a	10.5	12.4	12.3
White	49.6	49.2	17.5	16.8	18.8^a	17.4	10.6	10.4	13.2	13.4
Black or African American	48.6	46.4	21.7^a	18.6	24.4^a	20.8	14.7^b	11.5	10.6	9.2
American Indian or Alaska Native	47.2	48.4	16.6	13.9	13.2	14.9	7.7	10.1	7.1	11.4
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	30.7	30.6	12.7	10.6	14.8	12.7	8.5	7.4	7.7	9.0
Two or More Races	56.1	52.0	22.6	18.6	28.0^b	17.4	17.3^a	11.1	16.6	11.9
Hispanic or Latino	50.2	47.9	22.9^a	20.1	21.3	19.7	12.5	11.7	15.1^b	12.0
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	49.9	48.7	19.7^a	17.9	20.3^b	18.1	11.9	11.0	13.4	13.0
Small Metro	48.2	48.1	18.7	18.0	19.9	18.7	11.4	10.7	13.2	12.0
Nonmetro	47.0^a	43.4	17.6^a	15.3	19.6^a	17.2	11.2	9.8	11.0	10.2

120407

Table 3.6A – Youths Felt That Parents Would Strongly Disapprove of Youth's Substance Use Behaviors among Persons Aged 12 to 17, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE BEHAVIOR
	Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		Trying Marijuana or Hashish Once or Twice		Using Marijuana or Hashish Once a Month or More		Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Nearly Every Day
	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). NOTE: Response categories for the questions on Youths' Perceptions of Parents' Feelings include "Neither approve nor disapprove," "Somewhat disapprove," and "Strongly disapprove." The estimates in this table correspond to persons reporting "Strongly disapprove." Respondents with unknown Perceptions of Parents' Feelings data were excluded. ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	22,255^b	22,926	21,570^b	21,972	22,119^b	22,574	21,773^b	22,274
AGE
12-13	7,423	7,407	7,417	7,388	7,460	7,454	7,251	7,272
14-15	7,419^a	7,875	7,204	7,519	7,417	7,744	7,261	7,592
16-17	7,413	7,645	6,950	7,065	7,242	7,376	7,261	7,410
GENDER
Male	11,357^b	11,657	10,991	11,108	11,258^a	11,390	11,050^a	11,202
Female	10,898^b	11,269	10,579^b	10,864	10,861^b	11,184	10,724^b	11,072
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	17,800^b	17,993	17,184	17,162	17,665	17,664	17,444	17,576
White	12,928	12,820	12,412	12,160	12,827	12,595	12,701	12,518
Black or African American	3,216	3,186	3,148	3,088	3,187	3,134	3,150	3,139
American Indian or Alaska Native	110	117	114	122	113	122	109	119
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	57	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	1,001	1,142	993	1,135	1,008	1,140	961	1,106
Two or More Races	488^b	661	460^b	595	472^b	614	464^b	631
Hispanic or Latino	4,455^b	4,933	4,387^b	4,810	4,454^b	4,910	4,329^b	4,698
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	12,014	12,343	11,534	11,719	11,824	12,058	11,741	11,916
Small Metro	6,876	7,147	6,625	6,867	6,825	7,060	6,708	7,052
Nonmetro	3,364	3,436	3,411	3,386	3,470	3,456	3,324	3,306

120407

Table 3.6B – Youths Felt That Parents Would Strongly Disapprove of Youth's Substance Use Behaviors among Persons Aged 12 to 17, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE BEHAVIOR
	Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		Trying Marijuana or Hashish Once or Twice		Using Marijuana or Hashish Once a Month or More		Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Nearly Every Day
	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). NOTE: Response categories for the questions on Youths' Perceptions of Parents' Feelings include "Neither approve nor disapprove," "Somewhat disapprove," and "Strongly disapprove." The estimates in this table correspond to persons reporting "Strongly disapprove." Respondents with unknown Perceptions of Parents' Feelings data were excluded. ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	92.6	93.2	89.6	89.3	91.9	91.6	90.5	90.5
AGE
12-13	96.1	96.1	95.5	95.7	96.1	96.5	93.3	94.1
14-15	93.4	94.1	90.6	89.9	93.3	92.5	91.4	90.7
16-17	88.7	89.7	83.2	82.9	86.7	86.5	86.9	86.9
GENDER
Male	92.5	93.1	89.3	88.6	91.4	90.8	89.8	89.3
Female	92.8	93.3	90.0	89.9	92.4	92.5	91.2	91.6
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	92.7	93.1	89.3	88.7	91.8	91.3	90.7	90.9
White	92.5	93.1	88.7	88.3	91.6	91.4	90.7	90.9
Black or African American	92.2	92.4	90.0	89.4	91.3	90.7	90.2	90.9
American Indian or Alaska Native	86.6	87.9	90.3	92.3	90.0	92.0	86.6	89.1
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	91.1	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	96.6	95.4	96.1	94.5	97.1	95.2	93.3	92.8
Two or More Races	93.3	93.3	88.1	84.3	90.7	86.5	89.1	88.6
Hispanic or Latino	92.6	93.7	91.0	91.2	92.2	92.8	89.7	88.9
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	93.4	94.1	89.6	89.2	91.8	91.7	91.2	90.7
Small Metro	92.5	92.5	89.0	88.8	91.7	91.4	90.1	91.1
Nonmetro	90.3	91.7	91.2	90.2	92.8	92.1	88.9	88.2

120407

Table 3.7A – Youths Felt That Close Friends Would Strongly Disapprove or Somewhat Disapprove of Youth's Substance Use Behaviors among Persons Aged 12 to 17, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE BEHAVIOR
	Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		Trying Marijuana or Hashish Once or Twice		Using Marijuana or Hashish Once a Month or More		Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Nearly Every Day
	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). NOTE: Response categories for the questions on Youths' Perceptions of Close Friends' Feelings include "Neither approve nor disapprove," "Somewhat disapprove," and "Strongly disapprove." The estimates in this table correspond to persons reporting "Strongly disapprove" or "Somewhat disapprove." Respondents with unknown Perceptions of Close Friends' Feelings data were excluded. ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	21,192^b	21,745	19,521	19,675	19,798	20,016	20,591^b	21,291
AGE
12-13	7,229	7,243	7,212	7,203	7,234	7,241	7,187	7,220
14-15	6,964^a	7,387	6,482	6,736	6,579	6,876	6,731^b	7,246
16-17	6,999	7,115	5,827	5,737	5,985	5,899	6,673	6,825
GENDER
Male	10,610^b	10,823	9,692	9,741	9,830	9,857	10,196^b	10,538
Female	10,583^b	10,923	9,830	9,934	9,968^a	10,159	10,396^b	10,752
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	16,964	17,106	15,610	15,434	15,862	15,732	16,563^a	16,767
White	12,362	12,264	11,277	11,014	11,523	11,255	12,074	11,991
Black or African American	2,998	2,995	2,809	2,691	2,793	2,725	2,929	2,910
American Indian or Alaska Native	106	105	97	101	100	103	108	114
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	64	*	62	*	62	*	*	*
Asian	972	1,071	962	1,047	963	1,051	947	1,084
Two or More Races	462^b	618	403^b	535	421^b	548	444^b	609
Hispanic or Latino	4,228^b	4,640	3,911^b	4,241	3,936^b	4,284	4,029^b	4,523
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	11,441	11,691	10,440	10,332	10,587	10,550	11,102	11,400
Small Metro	6,531	6,814	5,976	6,234	6,092	6,320	6,354	6,699
Nonmetro	3,220	3,241	3,105	3,109	3,119	3,146	3,135	3,192

120407

Table 3.7B – Youths Felt That Close Friends Would Strongly Disapprove or Somewhat Disapprove of Youth's Substance Use Behaviors among Persons Aged 12 to 17, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE BEHAVIOR
	Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		Trying Marijuana or Hashish Once or Twice		Using Marijuana or Hashish Once a Month or More		Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Nearly Every Day
	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). NOTE: Response categories for the questions on Youths' Perceptions of Close Friends' Feelings include "Neither approve nor disapprove," "Somewhat disapprove," and "Strongly disapprove." The estimates in this table correspond to persons reporting "Strongly disapprove" or "Somewhat disapprove." Respondents with unknown Perceptions of Close Friends' Feelings data were excluded. ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	88.3	88.6	81.3^a	80.1	82.5^a	81.5	85.9	86.7
AGE
12-13	93.5	94.0	93.3	93.5	93.8	94.0	93.2	93.7
14-15	88.0	88.7	81.9	80.8	83.1	82.4	85.1^a	86.9
16-17	83.8	83.5	69.8^a	67.4	71.7^a	69.2	79.9	80.0
GENDER
Male	86.5	86.8	79.1	78.0	80.2	78.9	83.3	84.3
Female	90.1	90.4	83.7	82.3	85.0	84.1	88.6	89.1
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	88.5	88.7	81.4^a	80.1	82.8^a	81.6	86.5	87.0
White	88.7	89.2	80.9	80.1	82.7	81.9	86.7	87.3
Black or African American	85.9	87.4	80.5	78.5	80.2	79.3	84.2	84.6
American Indian or Alaska Native	83.1	80.7	76.3	77.7	79.0	79.6	84.7	87.6
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	94.4	*	91.5	*	91.7	*	*	*
Asian	94.9^a	90.1	93.7^b	88.1	93.9^b	88.3	92.8	91.4
Two or More Races	89.1	86.8	77.4	75.0	80.5	77.1	85.4	85.6
Hispanic or Latino	87.5	88.0	81.0	80.3	81.5	81.0	83.5^a	85.5
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	89.1	89.4	81.3^b	79.0	82.6^b	80.6	86.7	87.1
Small Metro	87.9	88.3	80.3	80.7	81.8	81.8	85.4	86.7
Nonmetro	86.4	86.3	83.4	82.8	83.9	83.8	84.4	85.0

120407

Table 3.8A – Youths Strongly Disapproved or Somewhat Disapproved of Peers' Substance Use Behaviors among Persons Aged 12 to 17, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE BEHAVIOR
	Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		Trying Marijuana or Hashish Once or Twice		Using Marijuana or Hashish Once a Month or More		Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Nearly Every Day
	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). NOTE: Response categories for the questions on Youths' Feelings about Peers include "Neither approve nor disapprove," "Somewhat disapprove," and "Strongly disapprove." The estimates in this table correspond to persons reporting "Strongly disapprove" or "Somewhat disapprove." Respondents with unknown Feelings about Peers data were excluded. ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	21,793^b	22,405	19,553	19,724	19,630	19,787	21,212^b	21,708
AGE
12-13	7,325	7,315	7,221	7,203	7,230	7,212	7,287	7,289
14-15	7,156^a	7,635	6,428^a	6,773	6,460	6,761	6,941^a	7,387
16-17	7,312	7,455	5,904	5,748	5,940	5,814	6,985	7,032
GENDER
Male	11,022^b	11,277	9,821	9,819	9,818	9,805	10,651^a	10,823
Female	10,771^b	11,128	9,732^a	9,905	9,812	9,982	10,561^b	10,884
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	17,457^a	17,645	15,638	15,504	15,730	15,608	17,011	17,134
White	12,675	12,620	11,232	11,003	11,371	11,130	12,394	12,283
Black or African American	3,129	3,088	2,894	2,768	2,843	2,754	3,023	2,958
American Indian or Alaska Native	114	116	104	109	104	103	108	109
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	64	*	64	*	62	*	*	*
Asian	1,003	1,118	934	1,038	955	1,042	971	1,110
Two or More Races	472^b	645	410^b	537	396^b	529	453^b	615
Hispanic or Latino	4,335^b	4,759	3,915^b	4,219	3,899^b	4,179	4,202^b	4,573
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	11,789	12,014	10,422	10,393	10,417	10,439	11,399	11,646
Small Metro	6,695	7,022	5,998	6,183	6,072	6,217	6,573	6,817
Nonmetro	3,308	3,369	3,132	3,148	3,141	3,131	3,241	3,245

120407

Table 3.8B – Youths Strongly Disapproved or Somewhat Disapproved of Peers' Substance Use Behaviors among Persons Aged 12 to 17, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE BEHAVIOR
	Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		Trying Marijuana or Hashish Once or Twice		Using Marijuana or Hashish Once a Month or More		Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Nearly Every Day
	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). NOTE: Response categories for the questions on Youths' Feelings about Peers include "Neither approve nor disapprove," "Somewhat disapprove," and "Strongly disapprove." The estimates in this table correspond to persons reporting "Strongly disapprove" or "Somewhat disapprove." Respondents with unknown Feelings about Peers data were excluded. ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	90.5	91.0	81.3^a	80.0	81.5^a	80.3	88.1	88.1
AGE
12-13	94.3	94.6	93.0	93.1	93.0	93.3	93.7	94.1
14-15	90.0^a	91.3	80.9	80.9	81.3	80.7	87.3	88.3
16-17	87.4	87.4	70.7^b	67.4	71.0^b	68.2	83.6	82.5
GENDER
Male	89.4	89.9	79.8^a	78.2	79.7^a	78.1	86.5	86.3
Female	91.6	92.1	82.8	81.9	83.4	82.6	89.8	90.0
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	90.7	91.2	81.3^a	80.1	81.8^a	80.7	88.4	88.5
White	90.6^a	91.5	80.3	79.8	81.3	80.7	88.6	89.0
Black or African American	89.3	89.7	82.7	80.2	81.2	80.0	86.5	86.0
American Indian or Alaska Native	90.4	87.5	82.5	82.4	81.9	78.1	84.4	83.3
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	94.0	*	93.9	*	90.8	*	*	*
Asian	96.7^a	93.8	91.0	87.2	92.3^a	87.5	93.9	93.3
Two or More Races	90.5	90.6	78.7	75.4	75.7	74.3	86.9	86.3
Hispanic or Latino	89.6	90.0	81.1	79.7	80.4	79.0	86.7	86.5
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	91.4	91.5	80.9^a	79.1	80.8	79.5	88.5	88.7
Small Metro	89.8	90.7	80.6	79.9	81.3	80.4	88.0	88.1
Nonmetro	88.4	89.6	83.9	83.7	84.2	83.2	86.9	86.1

120407

Table 3.9A – Participation in a Prevention Program or Group in the Past Year among Persons Aged 12 to 17, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	PREVENTION PROGRAM OR GROUP¹
	Problem-Solving, Communication, or Self-Esteem Group		Violence Prevention Program		Pregnancy or Sexually Transmitted Disease Prevention Program
	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. ¹ Respondents with unknown data were excluded. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	5,067	5,096	3,328	3,340	2,562	2,501
AGE
12-13	1,769	1,791	1,434	1,391	716	624
14-15	1,751	1,752	1,104	1,142	1,010	1,028
16-17	1,548	1,553	791	807	836	849
GENDER
Male	2,465	2,435	1,684	1,704	1,269	1,297
Female	2,603	2,661	1,644	1,636	1,292	1,205
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	4,149	4,141	2,656	2,590	1,990	1,971
White	2,803	2,723	1,534	1,530	1,188	1,190
Black or African American	878	930	782	772	596	535
American Indian or Alaska Native	33	24	32	24	18	17
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	286	292	191	167	115	132
Two or More Races	132	154	106	82	63	81
Hispanic or Latino	919	955	672	751	572	531
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	2,735	2,728	1,825	1,711	1,319	1,310
Small Metro	1,526	1,561	968	1,086	810	770
Nonmetro	807	807	534	544	433	421

120407

Table 3.9B – Participation in a Prevention Program or Group in the Past Year among Persons Aged 12 to 17, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	PREVENTION PROGRAM OR GROUP¹
	Problem-Solving, Communication, or Self-Esteem Group		Violence Prevention Program		Pregnancy or Sexually Transmitted Disease Prevention Program
	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. ¹ Respondents with unknown data were excluded. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	21.3	20.9	13.8	13.5	10.6	10.1
AGE
12-13	23.3	23.8	18.5	18.0	9.2	8.0
14-15	22.2	21.0	13.9	13.6	12.7	12.2
16-17	18.6	18.2	9.4	9.4	10.0	9.9
GENDER
Male	20.2	19.5	13.7	13.5	10.3	10.3
Female	22.5	22.4	14.0	13.6	11.0	9.9
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	21.8	21.7	13.8	13.4	10.3	10.2
White	20.4	20.1	11.0	11.1	8.5	8.6
Black or African American	25.1	26.9	22.2	22.1	16.9	15.4
American Indian or Alaska Native	25.9	18.3	24.7	17.7	13.8	12.4
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	28.1	25.1	18.4	14.1	11.0	11.1
Two or More Races	25.6	21.9	20.1^b	11.5	12.0	11.4
Hispanic or Latino	19.2	18.1	13.9	14.0	11.8^a	9.9
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	21.4	21.0	14.1	13.0	10.2	9.9
Small Metro	20.8	20.4	13.0	14.0	10.9	9.9
Nonmetro	21.9	21.7	14.3	14.4	11.5	11.1

120407

Table 3.10A – Participation in a Substance Use Program or Exposure to Substance Use Prevention Message in the Past Year among Persons Aged 12 to 17, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE PROGRAM OR PREVENTION MESSAGE¹
	Participated in Alcohol, Tobacco, or Drug Prevention Program Outside of School		Participated in Program to Help Deal with Drug or Alcohol Use		Saw or Heard Alcohol or Drug Prevention Message from Sources Outside School		Talked to Parents about Dangers of Tobacco, Alcohol, or Drug Use
	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. ¹ Respondents with unknown data were excluded. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	2,774	2,894	1,002	983	18,243	18,489	13,916^a	14,224
AGE
12-13	1,064	1,023	394	364	5,389	5,323	4,516	4,445
14-15	889	974	305	339	6,159	6,361	4,743	4,861
16-17	820	896	303	280	6,695	6,805	4,656	4,918
GENDER
Male	1,458	1,559	566	539	9,083^a	9,306	6,993	7,154
Female	1,315	1,335	437	444	9,160	9,183	6,923	7,070
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	2,236	2,334	801	763	14,631	14,549	11,140	11,132
White	1,449	1,454	511	442	10,706	10,420	8,480	8,368
Black or African American	548	592	209	234	2,550	2,494	1,696	1,605
American Indian or Alaska Native	28	19	10	9	92	93	74	72
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	5	*	3	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	142	143	48	39	840	930	541	620
Two or More Races	64^a	112	18	37	393^b	559	313^b	418
Hispanic or Latino	537	560	202	220	3,612^b	3,940	2,776^b	3,092
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	1,424	1,428	547	478	9,769	9,990	7,486	7,615
Small Metro	837	953	300	335	5,662	5,777	4,319	4,475
Nonmetro	513	512	156	171	2,812	2,722	2,110	2,134

120407

Table 3.10B – Participation in a Substance Use Program or Exposure to Substance Use Prevention Message in the Past Year among Persons Aged 12 to 17, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE PROGRAM OR PREVENTION MESSAGE¹
	Participated in Alcohol, Tobacco, or Drug Prevention Program Outside of School		Participated in Program to Help Deal with Drug or Alcohol Use		Saw or Heard Alcohol or Drug Prevention Message from Sources Outside School		Talked to Parents about Dangers of Tobacco, Alcohol, or Drug Use
	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. ¹ Respondents with unknown data were excluded. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	11.5	11.7	4.2	4.0	75.9	75.1	58.0	57.8
AGE
12-13	13.7	13.2	5.1	4.7	69.7	69.1	58.5	57.7
14-15	11.2	11.6	3.8	4.0	77.4	75.9	59.9	58.1
16-17	9.8	10.5	3.6	3.3	80.0	79.8	55.8	57.7
GENDER
Male	11.8	12.4	4.6	4.3	73.8	73.8	56.8	56.9
Female	11.2	11.0	3.7	3.7	78.0^a	76.4	59.2	58.8
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	11.6	12.1	4.2	3.9	76.2	75.4	58.2	57.8
White	10.4	10.6	3.7	3.2	76.9	75.9	61.0	61.1
Black or African American	15.6	17.0	6.0	6.7	72.6	71.9	48.4	46.2
American Indian or Alaska Native	21.2	14.5	7.9	6.9	70.3	68.3	56.9	54.9
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	8.5	*	4.5	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	13.8	11.9	4.7	3.3	80.8	79.0	52.3	52.4
Two or More Races	12.2	15.8	3.5	5.1	75.6	78.7	60.5	58.9
Hispanic or Latino	11.1	10.5	4.2	4.1	74.4	73.9	57.4	58.0
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	11.0	10.9	4.2	3.6	75.8	76.1	58.2	58.2
Small Metro	11.2	12.3	4.0	4.3	76.3	74.7	58.2	57.9
Nonmetro	13.7	13.6	4.2	4.5	75.2^a	72.4	56.8	56.8

120407

Table 3.11A – Participated in a Physical Delinquent Behavior in the Past Year among Persons Aged 12 to 17, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR
	Got into a Serious Fight at School or Work		Took Part in a Group-Against-Group Fight		Attacked Someone with the Intent to Seriously Hurt Them
	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). NOTE: Respondents were asked how many times they participated in a delinquent behavior in the past year and were categorized as having participated if they indicated taking part in the particular behavior at least one time. Respondents with unknown Delinquent Behavior data were excluded. ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	4,871	4,741	3,105	3,032	1,736^b	1,476
AGE
12-13	1,670	1,661	1,005	1,011	497	441
14-15	1,710	1,641	1,062	1,041	621^a	520
16-17	1,492	1,439	1,037	980	618^a	515
GENDER
Male	2,974	2,798	1,752	1,635	1,063^a	929
Female	1,898	1,942	1,352	1,397	673^b	547
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	3,846^a	3,603	2,427	2,275	1,383^b	1,147
White	2,499^b	2,220	1,644^a	1,464	839^b	644
Black or African American	1,044	976	602	580	429	359
American Indian or Alaska Native	40	41	29^a	17	18	11
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	123	169	70	89	45	52
Two or More Races	129^a	178	66^a	110	43	70
Hispanic or Latino	1,025	1,137	677	757	353	329
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	2,548	2,532	1,642	1,582	946^a	789
Small Metro	1,542	1,459	988	959	530^a	441
Nonmetro	782	750	474	491	260	246

120407

Table 3.11B – Participated in a Physical Delinquent Behavior in the Past Year among Persons Aged 12 to 17, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR
	Got into a Serious Fight at School or Work		Took Part in a Group-Against-Group Fight		Attacked Someone with the Intent to Seriously Hurt Them
	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). NOTE: Respondents were asked how many times they participated in a delinquent behavior in the past year and were categorized as having participated if they indicated taking part in the particular behavior at least one time. Respondents with unknown Delinquent Behavior data were excluded. ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	20.1^a	19.1	12.8	12.2	7.2^b	5.9
AGE
12-13	21.3	21.2	12.8	12.9	6.3	5.6
14-15	21.4^a	19.4	13.3	12.3	7.8^b	6.2
16-17	17.8	16.8	12.4	11.4	7.4^a	6.0
GENDER
Male	24.0^a	22.1	14.2^a	12.9	8.6^b	7.3
Female	16.0	16.0	11.4	11.5	5.7^b	4.5
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	19.9^b	18.5	12.5	11.7	7.1^b	5.9
White	17.8^b	16.1	11.7^a	10.6	6.0^b	4.7
Black or African American	29.5	27.8	17.0	16.5	12.1	10.2
American Indian or Alaska Native	30.5	30.1	22.7^a	12.6	14.1	8.4
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	11.6	14.1	6.6	7.5	4.2	4.3
Two or More Races	24.5	24.9	12.6	15.3	8.1	9.8
Hispanic or Latino	21.0	21.1	13.9	14.1	7.2	6.1
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	19.6	19.1	12.7	12.0	7.3^b	6.0
Small Metro	20.6^a	18.7	13.2	12.3	7.1^b	5.6
Nonmetro	20.8	19.8	12.6	12.9	6.9	6.5

120407

Table 3.12A – Participated in a Nonphysical Delinquent Behavior in the Past Year among Persons Aged 12 to 17, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR
	Carried a Handgun		Sold Illegal Drugs		Stole or Tried to Steal Anything Worth More Than $50
	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). NOTE: Respondents were asked how many times they participated in a delinquent behavior in the past year and were categorized as having participated if they indicated taking part in the particular behavior at least one time. Respondents with unknown Delinquent Behavior data were excluded. ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	744^a	863	759	749	967	933
AGE
12-13	164^a	225	47	57	156	160
14-15	249	305	233	226	345	341
16-17	331	334	479	466	466	432
GENDER
Male	610^a	712	515	526	612	575
Female	134	152	245	222	355	358
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	605	671	605	570	723	687
White	460	509	459	426	470	407
Black or African American	116	99	108	79	188	200
American Indian or Alaska Native	7	8	4	8	10	4
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	4	16	9	16	24	29
Two or More Races	14	34	22	40	23	42
Hispanic or Latino	139	192	154	178	244	246
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	332^a	439	380	418	512	549
Small Metro	254	249	282	233	334^a	265
Nonmetro	157	176	97	98	122	119

120407

Table 3.12B – Participated in a Nonphysical Delinquent Behavior in the Past Year among Persons Aged 12 to 17, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR
	Carried a Handgun		Sold Illegal Drugs		Stole or Tried to Steal Anything Worth More Than $50
	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). NOTE: Respondents were asked how many times they participated in a delinquent behavior in the past year and were categorized as having participated if they indicated taking part in the particular behavior at least one time. Respondents with unknown Delinquent Behavior data were excluded. ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	3.1	3.5	3.1	3.0	4.0	3.8
AGE
12-13	2.1^a	2.9	0.6	0.7	2.0	2.0
14-15	3.1	3.6	2.9	2.7	4.3	4.0
16-17	3.9	3.9	5.7	5.4	5.6	5.0
GENDER
Male	4.9	5.6	4.2	4.1	4.9	4.5
Female	1.1	1.2	2.1	1.8	3.0	2.9
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	3.1	3.5	3.1	2.9	3.7	3.5
White	3.3	3.7	3.3	3.1	3.3	2.9
Black or African American	3.3	2.8	3.1	2.2	5.3	5.7
American Indian or Alaska Native	5.1	5.9	3.4	5.6	7.8	3.3
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	0.4	1.3	0.9	1.3	2.3	2.4
Two or More Races	2.7	4.7	4.1	5.6	4.3	5.8
Hispanic or Latino	2.8	3.6	3.2	3.3	5.0	4.5
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	2.6^a	3.3	2.9	3.1	3.9	4.1
Small Metro	3.4	3.2	3.8^a	3.0	4.4^a	3.4
Nonmetro	4.2	4.6	2.6	2.6	3.2	3.1

120407

Table 3.13A – Selected Risk and Protective Factors among Persons Aged 12 to 17, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	RISK FACTORS¹						PROTECTIVE FACTORS¹
	Youth Moved 2 or More Times in the Past 5 Years		Youth Argued with at Least One Parent 10 or More Times in the Past Year		Youth Was Approached by Someone Selling Drugs in the Past Month		Youth Had Someone to Talk to about Problems²		Youth Attended 25 or More Religious Services in the Past Year³
	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. ¹ Respondents with unknown data were excluded. ² Respondents were able to select multiple categories of persons that they would talk to about a serious problem, including the choice of "nobody." Respondents who reported both a person that they would talk to and that they had nobody to talk to were excluded from the analysis. ³ Special occasions, such as weddings, funerals, or other special events, were not to have been considered in the number of times attended religious services. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	5,773	6,073	5,226	5,328	3,474	3,438	22,972^b	23,444	7,313	7,449
AGE
12-13	2,004	2,071	1,313	1,296	428	391	7,477	7,442	2,299	2,210
14-15	1,944	2,077	1,972	1,859	1,233	1,213	7,558^a	7,947	2,546	2,687
16-17	1,824	1,924	1,941^a	2,173	1,814	1,834	7,937	8,054	2,467	2,552
GENDER
Male	2,915^a	3,162	2,182	2,092	2,087	2,036	11,707^b	11,927	3,514	3,434
Female	2,857	2,911	3,044^a	3,235	1,387	1,402	11,265^b	11,517	3,799^a	4,015
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	4,380	4,523	4,236	4,275	2,585	2,598	18,405	18,404	6,159	6,169
White	2,678	2,638	3,449	3,349	1,797	1,765	13,411	13,187	4,663	4,653
Black or African American	1,278	1,368	439	489	579	568	3,314	3,255	1,037	925
American Indian or Alaska Native	30	46	20	21	20	18	123	123	25	26
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	194	236	171	228	75	109	996	1,101	271^a	379
Two or More Races	181	215	149	182	103	121	498^b	675	137	162
Hispanic or Latino	1,393^a	1,550	991	1,053	889	840	4,567^b	5,039	1,153	1,281
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	3,005	3,113	2,759	2,881	2,047	2,002	12,300	12,440	3,682	3,731
Small Metro	1,872^a	2,089	1,676	1,676	1,024	1,067	7,069	7,385	2,402	2,470
Nonmetro	896	871	791	771	403	369	3,603	3,618	1,228	1,248

120407

Table 3.13B – Selected Risk and Protective Factors among Persons Aged 12 to 17, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	RISK FACTORS¹						PROTECTIVE FACTORS¹
	Youth Moved 2 or More Times in the Past 5 Years		Youth Argued with at Least One Parent 10 or More Times in the Past Year		Youth Was Approached by Someone Selling Drugs in the Past Month		Youth Had Someone to Talk to about Problems²		Youth Attended 25 or More Religious Services in the Past Year³
	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. ¹ Respondents with unknown data were excluded. ² Respondents were able to select multiple categories of persons that they would talk to about a serious problem, including the choice of "nobody." Respondents who reported both a person that they would talk to and that they had nobody to talk to were excluded from the analysis. ³ Special occasions, such as weddings, funerals, or other special events, were not to have been considered in the number of times attended religious services. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	24.3	25.0	21.8	21.6	14.3	13.8	96.3	96.0	30.8	30.7
AGE
12-13	26.6	27.4	17.0	16.7	5.4	5.0	96.6	96.4	30.5	29.5
14-15	24.7	25.1	24.9^b	22.2	15.4	14.3	96.4	96.3	32.5	32.4
16-17	22.0	22.7	23.3^a	25.5	21.6	21.4	95.9	95.3	29.6	30.1
GENDER
Male	24.0	25.5	17.8	16.7	16.8	16.0	95.8	95.5	28.9	27.6
Female	24.7	24.4	26.0	26.8	11.7	11.5	96.8	96.5	32.9	33.9
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	23.1	23.7	22.1	22.2	13.3	13.3	96.5	96.3	32.5	32.4
White	19.4	19.3	24.9	24.5	12.8	12.7	96.9	96.7	33.8	34.2
Black or African American	37.4	40.1	12.4	14.0	16.3	16.1	95.3	95.3	30.0	27.3
American Indian or Alaska Native	23.9^a	35.9	15.1	15.8	15.3	13.2	94.9	93.4	19.4	20.6
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	18.9	20.1	16.5	19.1	7.2	9.1	97.2^a	94.0	27.0	32.4
Two or More Races	35.2	31.1	28.8	25.8	19.7	16.9	95.4	95.7	26.6	23.2
Hispanic or Latino	29.3	29.7	20.5	19.7	18.1^a	15.6	95.3	95.0	24.3	24.5
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	23.6	24.0	21.5	21.9	15.7	15.1	96.4	95.7	29.0	28.9
Small Metro	25.6	27.4	22.6	21.7	13.6	13.6	95.8	96.1	32.9	32.4
Nonmetro	24.3	23.5	21.2	20.6	10.7	9.7	96.9	96.7	33.3	33.6

120407

Table 3.14A – Youths Agreed or Strongly Agreed with Statements about Religious Beliefs among Persons Aged 12 to 17, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	STATEMENTS ABOUT RELIGIOUS BELIEFS
	Religious Beliefs Are a Very Important Part of Youth's Life		Religious Beliefs Influence Youth's Decision Making in Life		It Is Important for Friends to Share Religious Beliefs
	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). NOTE: Response categories for the questions on Religious Beliefs include "Strongly disagree," "Disagree," "Agree," and "Strongly agree." The estimates in this table correspond to persons reporting "Agree" or "Strongly agree." Respondents with unknown Religious Beliefs data were excluded. ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	17,720	17,871	15,849	16,098	7,755	7,992
AGE
12-13	6,177	6,093	5,635	5,549	2,907	2,883
14-15	5,761^a	6,089	5,101^a	5,466	2,455^a	2,709
16-17	5,781	5,688	5,113	5,083	2,392	2,399
GENDER
Male	8,763	8,756	7,828	7,851	3,994	3,938
Female	8,958	9,115	8,020^a	8,247	3,760^b	4,053
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	14,057	13,852	12,642	12,632	6,223	6,345
White	9,906	9,581	8,866	8,671	4,285	4,330
Black or African American	2,863	2,789	2,631	2,607	1,385	1,406
American Indian or Alaska Native	92	94	84	86	51	54
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	60	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	759	841	686	791	323	359
Two or More Races	377^b	490	323^a	426	144	169
Hispanic or Latino	3,663^b	4,018	3,207^b	3,467	1,531	1,647
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	9,341	9,412	8,327	8,405	3,773	3,882
Small Metro	5,542	5,617	4,912	5,088	2,484	2,599
Nonmetro	2,837	2,842	2,610	2,605	1,498	1,510

120407

Table 3.14B – Youths Agreed or Strongly Agreed with Statements about Religious Beliefs among Persons Aged 12 to 17, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	STATEMENTS ABOUT RELIGIOUS BELIEFS
	Religious Beliefs Are a Very Important Part of Youth's Life		Religious Beliefs Influence Youth's Decision Making in Life		It Is Important for Friends to Share Religious Beliefs
	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). NOTE: Response categories for the questions on Religious Beliefs include "Strongly disagree," "Disagree," "Agree," and "Strongly agree." The estimates in this table correspond to persons reporting "Agree" or "Strongly agree." Respondents with unknown Religious Beliefs data were excluded. ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	74.6	73.5	66.7	66.3	32.8	33.1
AGE
12-13	81.4	80.7	74.0	73.6	38.5	38.6
14-15	73.1	73.5	64.9	66.1	31.4	32.9
16-17	69.9^b	67.1	61.8	59.9	28.9	28.4
GENDER
Male	72.3	70.9	64.6	63.5	33.1	32.0
Female	77.0	76.3	68.9	69.1	32.4	34.2
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	74.0^a	72.6	66.6	66.1	32.9	33.4
White	71.7	70.4	64.2	63.6	31.2	31.9
Black or African American	83.0	82.0	76.0	76.8	40.3	41.7
American Indian or Alaska Native	73.4	71.6	66.2	66.9	40.2	42.4
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	89.1	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	74.6	71.5	67.7	67.3	31.7	30.4
Two or More Races	74.7	70.5	63.9	61.1	28.4	24.4
Hispanic or Latino	77.0	76.9	67.3	66.8	32.3	31.9
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	73.5	72.8	65.5	65.1	29.7	30.2
Small Metro	75.5^a	73.4	66.9	66.4	34.1	34.2
Nonmetro	76.8	76.3	70.7	70.0	40.8	40.8

120407

Table 3.15A – Parents Always or Sometimes Took Part in Specific Behaviors in the Past Year among Persons Aged 12 to 17, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT
	Parents Made Youth Do Chores around the House		Parents Limited Amount of Time Youth Watched TV		Parents Let Youth Know He or She Had Done a Good Job		Parents Let Youth Know They Were Proud of Something He or She Had Done
	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). NOTE: Response categories for the Parental Involvement questions include "Always," "Sometimes," "Seldom," and "Never." The estimates in this table correspond to persons reporting "Always" or "Sometimes." Respondents with unknown Parental Involvement data were excluded. ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	21,335^b	21,954	9,555^b	10,026	20,814^b	21,327	20,717^b	21,315
AGE
12-13	6,961	6,931	4,087	4,010	7,100	7,110	7,091	7,143
14-15	7,088^a	7,507	3,074^b	3,478	6,759^a	7,200	6,723^a	7,148
16-17	7,286	7,515	2,394	2,538	6,955	7,017	6,903	7,024
GENDER
Male	10,935^b	11,198	4,858^a	5,117	10,844^b	11,085	10,784^b	11,030
Female	10,400^b	10,755	4,697	4,909	9,970^b	10,243	9,933^b	10,286
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	17,018	17,111	7,497	7,656	16,773	16,779	16,714	16,819
White	12,309	12,090	5,336	5,282	12,309	12,073	12,252	12,064
Black or African American	3,215	3,229	1,322	1,387	3,019	2,962	3,044	3,020
American Indian or Alaska Native	120	125	57	55	111	117	110	121
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	65	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	855	981	532	627	831	970	815	952
Two or More Races	455^b	629	214^a	277	441^b	597	436^b	601
Hispanic or Latino	4,317^b	4,843	2,058^b	2,370	4,041^b	4,549	4,002^b	4,497
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	11,367	11,732	5,379	5,610	11,144	11,345	11,075	11,350
Small Metro	6,596	6,881	2,851	3,023	6,409	6,697	6,390	6,666
Nonmetro	3,372	3,340	1,326	1,393	3,261	3,286	3,251	3,299

120407

Table 3.15B – Parents Always or Sometimes Took Part in Specific Behaviors in the Past Year among Persons Aged 12 to 17, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT
	Parents Made Youth Do Chores around the House		Parents Limited Amount of Time Youth Watched TV		Parents Let Youth Know He or She Had Done a Good Job		Parents Let Youth Know They Were Proud of Something He or She Had Done
	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). NOTE: Response categories for the Parental Involvement questions include "Always," "Sometimes," "Seldom," and "Never." The estimates in this table correspond to persons reporting "Always" or "Sometimes." Respondents with unknown Parental Involvement data were excluded. ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	88.0	88.4	39.5	40.5	85.9	85.9	85.5	85.8
AGE
12-13	88.5	88.3	52.2	51.4	90.4	90.6	90.1	91.0
14-15	88.7	89.0	38.5^a	41.3	84.5	85.4	84.3	84.8
16-17	86.9	87.8	28.6	29.7	82.9	82.0	82.3	82.0
GENDER
Male	88.2	88.3	39.3	40.5	87.5	87.5	87.1	87.0
Female	87.8	88.4	39.8	40.5	84.2	84.1	83.9	84.5
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	88.0	88.0	38.9	39.5	86.7	86.2	86.4	86.4
White	87.7	87.4	38.1	38.3	87.7	87.3	87.4	87.3
Black or African American	90.6	92.2	37.4	39.6	85.3	84.3	85.9	86.0
American Indian or Alaska Native	91.5	91.2	44.0	40.4	85.5	85.6	84.4	88.3
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	94.4	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	82.0	81.9	51.2	52.5	79.5	81.3	77.7	79.8
Two or More Races	87.0	87.8	41.3	38.9	83.9	83.4	83.1	84.0
Hispanic or Latino	88.3	89.8	42.1	44.1	82.7	84.5	81.9	83.4
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	87.7	88.7	41.6	42.5	85.9	85.7	85.4	85.7
Small Metro	87.9	88.0	38.1	38.9	85.6	85.8	85.3	85.4
Nonmetro	89.4	88.0	35.3	36.8	86.4	86.7	86.2	87.0

120407

Table 3.16A – Measures of Student Characteristics in the Past Year among Persons Aged 12 to 17 Who Were Enrolled in School in the Past Year, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	STUDENT CHARACTERISTICS¹
	Participated in One or Fewer Activities²		Drug or Alcohol Prevention Messages Were Seen or Heard in School³		Youth Liked a Lot or Kind of Liked Going to School⁴		Grade Average for Last Completed Period Was "D" or Lower⁵
	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). NOTE: Youths who did not report their school enrollment status or reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months were excluded from this analysis. Youths reporting that they were "home-schooled" in the past 12 months were considered to be enrolled in school. ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. ¹ Respondents with unknown data were excluded. ² The number of activities participated in is based on four questions: participation in school-based activities, community-based activities, church or faith-based activities, and other activities. For each question, the response categories include "None," "One," "Two," and "3 or more." Respondents were excluded from the analysis if they had unknown data for at least three of the questions and if their known responses did not place them in the recoded "Two or more" category. ³ Drug or Alcohol Prevention Messages Seen or Heard in School includes respondents who reported having a special class about drugs or alcohol in school or having had films, lectures, discussion, or printed information about drugs or alcohol in a regular school class, such as health or physical education, or outside of a regular school class, such as in a special assembly.⁴ Response categories for the School Satisfaction question include "You liked going to school a lot," "You kind of liked going to school," "You didn't like going to school very much," and "You hated going to school." The estimates in this table correspond to persons reporting "You liked going to school a lot" or "You kind of liked going to school." ⁵ Response categories for Grade Average include "An 'A+,' 'A,' or 'A-minus' average"; "A 'B+,' 'B,' or 'B-minus' average"; "A 'C+,' 'C,' or 'C-minus' average"; "A 'D' or less than a 'D' average"; and "My school does not give these grades." Respondents reporting that their school does not give these grades were excluded from the analysis. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	2,993	2,985	17,170	17,294	18,736	19,124	1,158	1,149
AGE
12-13	757	772	5,531	5,402	5,966	6,015	291	256
14-15	986	1,038	5,995	6,160	6,241	6,505	471	415
16-17	1,250	1,175	5,644	5,732	6,529	6,604	396	478
GENDER
Male	1,740	1,695	8,628	8,675	9,453	9,690	736	728
Female	1,253	1,290	8,542	8,620	9,283	9,433	422	421
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	2,177	2,190	13,936	13,825	14,991	15,054	853	803
White	1,631	1,538	10,269	10,019	10,767	10,620	585	551
Black or African American	389	424	2,405	2,281	2,796	2,748	221	179
American Indian or Alaska Native	22	19	83	90	86	104	5	7
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	74	110	772	886	894	997	12	26
Two or More Races	57^a	95	372^b	508	400^b	536	28	36
Hispanic or Latino	816	795	3,234	3,469	3,745^a	4,069	305	346
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	1,606	1,550	9,275	9,317	10,158	10,250	599	557
Small Metro	947	951	5,315	5,387	5,787	6,034	381	408
Nonmetro	441	483	2,580	2,590	2,791	2,839	178	184

120407

Table 3.16B – Measures of Student Characteristics in the Past Year among Persons Aged 12 to 17 Who Were Enrolled in School in the Past Year, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	STUDENT CHARACTERISTICS¹
	Participated in One or Fewer Activities²		Drug or Alcohol Prevention Messages Were Seen or Heard in School³		Youth Liked a Lot or Kind of Liked Going to School⁴		Grade Average for Last Completed Period Was "D" or Lower⁵
	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). NOTE: Youths who did not report their school enrollment status or reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months were excluded from this analysis. Youths reporting that they were "home-schooled" in the past 12 months were considered to be enrolled in school. ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. ¹ Respondents with unknown data were excluded. ² The number of activities participated in is based on four questions: participation in school-based activities, community-based activities, church or faith-based activities, and other activities. For each question, the response categories include "None," "One," "Two," and "3 or more." Respondents were excluded from the analysis if they had unknown data for at least three of the questions and if their known responses did not place them in the recoded "Two or more" category. ³ Drug or Alcohol Prevention Messages Seen or Heard in School includes respondents who reported having a special class about drugs or alcohol in school or having had films, lectures, discussion, or printed information about drugs or alcohol in a regular school class, such as health or physical education, or outside of a regular school class, such as in a special assembly.⁴ Response categories for the School Satisfaction question include "You liked going to school a lot," "You kind of liked going to school," "You didn't like going to school very much," and "You hated going to school." The estimates in this table correspond to persons reporting "You liked going to school a lot" or "You kind of liked going to school." ⁵ Response categories for Grade Average include "An 'A+,' 'A,' or 'A-minus' average"; "A 'B+,' 'B,' or 'B-minus' average"; "A 'C+,' 'C,' or 'C-minus' average"; "A 'D' or less than a 'D' average"; and "My school does not give these grades." Respondents reporting that their school does not give these grades were excluded from the analysis. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	13.1	12.8	75.7	74.6	82.0	81.8	5.3	5.1
AGE
12-13	10.6	10.9	78.2	77.1	83.1	84.7	4.3	3.9
14-15	13.0	13.0	79.0	77.4	81.8	81.2	6.4^a	5.4
16-17	15.6	14.3	70.5	69.8	81.2	80.0	5.1	6.0
GENDER
Male	14.9	14.3	74.2	73.3	80.6	81.2	6.6	6.4
Female	11.3	11.3	77.3	76.0	83.5	82.4	4.0	3.8
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	11.8	11.8	76.1	75.1	81.3	81.2	4.8	4.5
White	12.0	11.5	76.2	75.5	79.4	79.5	4.5	4.3
Black or African American	12.1	13.4	75.0	72.7	86.4	86.3	7.2	5.9
American Indian or Alaska Native	19.5	14.7	75.0	71.3	77.0	81.6	5.0	6.0
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	7.6	9.7	80.0	79.0	91.9	87.8	1.3	2.4
Two or More Races	11.4	13.9	74.5	74.4	79.7	78.0	5.8	5.5
Hispanic or Latino	18.5	16.5	74.1	72.6	84.8	84.4	7.2	7.5
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	13.2	12.5	76.5	75.6	83.1	82.3	5.1	4.7
Small Metro	13.4	13.0	75.8	73.9	81.8	82.2	5.6	5.8
Nonmetro	12.4	13.5	73.0	72.9	78.7	79.4	5.2	5.3

120407

Table 3.17A – Adults Always or Sometimes Took Part in Specific School-Related Behaviors in the Past Year among Persons Aged 12 to 17 Who Were Enrolled in School in the Past Year, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	ADULT INVOLVEMENT
	Teacher Always or Sometimes Let Youth Know He or She Was Doing a Good Job with School Work		Parents Checked That Youth Did Homework		Parents Provided Help with Homework		Parents Limited Time Youth Went Out with Friends on a School Night
	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). NOTE: Youths who did not report their school enrollment status or reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months were excluded from this analysis. Youths reporting that they were "home-schooled" in the past 12 months were considered to be enrolled in school. NOTE: Response categories for the Adult Involvement questions include "Always," "Sometimes," "Seldom," and "Never." The estimates in this table correspond to persons reporting "Always" or "Sometimes." Respondents with unknown Adult Involvement data were excluded. ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	18,246	18,547	18,344	18,915	18,176	18,713	15,918	16,120
AGE
12-13	6,093	6,030	6,446	6,395	6,434	6,362	5,252	5,200
14-15	5,948	6,256	6,202^a	6,621	6,084^a	6,493	5,398	5,605
16-17	6,205	6,261	5,696	5,900	5,658	5,858	5,269	5,315
GENDER
Male	9,390	9,523	9,756	9,981	9,471	9,651	7,940	8,036
Female	8,855	9,025	8,588	8,934	8,704	9,062	7,978	8,085
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	14,638	14,643	14,837	14,959	14,954	15,090	12,767	12,700
White	10,560	10,341	10,890	10,742	11,225	11,072	9,370	9,021
Black or African American	2,760	2,713	2,651	2,662	2,523	2,524	2,305	2,324
American Indian or Alaska Native	85	103	94	104	82	104	72	71
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	787	923	749	855	687	807	657	747
Two or More Races	401^b	521	404^b	550	391^b	544	337^b	501
Hispanic or Latino	3,608	3,904	3,507^b	3,956	3,221^b	3,623	3,151	3,421
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	9,881	9,963	9,781	10,037	9,554	9,853	8,601	8,580
Small Metro	5,564	5,801	5,694	5,971	5,697	5,920	4,916	5,129
Nonmetro	2,801	2,783	2,869	2,907	2,925	2,941	2,401	2,411

120407

Table 3.17B – Adults Always or Sometimes Took Part in Specific School-Related Behaviors in the Past Year among Persons Aged 12 to 17 Who Were Enrolled in School in the Past Year, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	ADULT INVOLVEMENT
	Teacher Always or Sometimes Let Youth Know He or She Was Doing a Good Job with School Work		Parents Checked That Youth Did Homework		Parents Provided Help with Homework		Parents Limited Time Youth Went Out with Friends on a School Night
	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). NOTE: Youths who did not report their school enrollment status or reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months were excluded from this analysis. Youths reporting that they were "home-schooled" in the past 12 months were considered to be enrolled in school. NOTE: Response categories for the Adult Involvement questions include "Always," "Sometimes," "Seldom," and "Never." The estimates in this table correspond to persons reporting "Always" or "Sometimes." Respondents with unknown Adult Involvement data were excluded. ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	79.9	79.5	80.4	81.1	79.8	80.4	70.6	69.9
AGE
12-13	84.9	85.2	89.8	90.3	89.7	89.8	75.0	75.1
14-15	78.0	78.2	81.5	82.8	80.1	81.3	71.6	70.7
16-17	77.2	75.9	71.0	71.7	70.6	71.4	65.9	64.7
GENDER
Male	80.1	80.0	83.4	84.0	81.1	81.4	68.7	68.3
Female	79.7	79.0	77.3	78.2	78.4	79.4	72.7	71.5
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	79.4	79.1	80.6	80.8	81.4	81.7	70.2	69.3
White	77.9	77.5	80.4	80.6	83.0	83.1	69.8	68.4
Black or African American	85.3	85.1	82.4	83.8	78.5	79.7	72.6	73.7
American Indian or Alaska Native	76.1	81.9	84.8	81.9	73.6	81.8	65.3	57.7
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	80.7	82.0	77.0	75.5	71.5	72.5	70.0	67.0
Two or More Races	80.0	75.9	80.7	80.3	78.0	79.2	68.4	74.3
Hispanic or Latino	81.8	81.2	79.6^a	82.3	73.0	75.3	72.4	71.9
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	80.8	80.2	80.1	80.8	78.4	79.6	71.4	69.8
Small Metro	78.6	79.1	80.7	81.5	80.8	80.7	70.4	70.7
Nonmetro	79.2	77.9	80.9	81.3	82.5	82.3	68.5	68.4

120407

Table 3.18A – Youths Perceived That All or Most Students in Grade Level Use Specific Substances among Persons Aged 12 to 17 Who Were Enrolled in School in the Past Year, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE OF STUDENTS IN GRADE LEVEL
	Smoke Cigarettes		Use Marijuana or Hashish		Drink Alcoholic Beverages		Get Drunk at Least Once a Week
	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). NOTE: Youths who did not report their school enrollment status or reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months, or reported that they were "home-schooled" in the past 12 months were excluded from this analysis. NOTE: Response categories for the Substance Use in Grade Level questions include "All of them," "Most of them," "A few of them," and "None of them." The estimates in this table correspond to persons reporting "All of them" or "Most of them." Respondents with unknown Substance Use in Grade Level data were excluded. ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	5,485	5,379	5,756^a	6,155	9,069	8,990	3,366	3,405
AGE
12-13	479	492	333^b	445	702	646	161	154
14-15	2,047^a	1,859	2,048	2,025	3,178	3,067	1,052	1,045
16-17	2,958	3,028	3,376^a	3,685	5,188	5,277	2,153	2,206
GENDER
Male	2,381	2,270	2,699	2,813	4,040	3,913	1,374	1,428
Female	3,103	3,108	3,058^a	3,343	5,028	5,077	1,992	1,977
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	4,427	4,317	4,525	4,738	7,250	7,070	2,690	2,670
White	3,237^a	2,998	3,126	3,119	5,353	5,058	1,903	1,844
Black or African American	867	902	1,059	1,133	1,303	1,296	581	561
American Indian or Alaska Native	33	38	29	38	38	50	19	25
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	141	188	132	182	326	359	96	147
Two or More Races	137	175	156^b	236	209^a	275	88	81
Hispanic or Latino	1,057	1,061	1,231^a	1,418	1,818	1,920	676	735
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	2,738	2,805	3,268^a	3,546	4,820	4,957	1,769	1,891
Small Metro	1,801	1,667	1,777	1,909	2,814	2,726	1,066	1,025
Nonmetro	946	907	711	700	1,434	1,307	531	489

120407

Table 3.18B – Youths Perceived That All or Most Students in Grade Level Use Specific Substances among Persons Aged 12 to 17 Who Were Enrolled in School in the Past Year, by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2010 and 2011
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE OF STUDENTS IN GRADE LEVEL
	Smoke Cigarettes		Use Marijuana or Hashish		Drink Alcoholic Beverages		Get Drunk at Least Once a Week
	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011	2010	2011
Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Some 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Section B.3 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings*). NOTE: Youths who did not report their school enrollment status or reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months, or reported that they were "home-schooled" in the past 12 months were excluded from this analysis. NOTE: Response categories for the Substance Use in Grade Level questions include "All of them," "Most of them," "A few of them," and "None of them." The estimates in this table correspond to persons reporting "All of them" or "Most of them." Respondents with unknown Substance Use in Grade Level data were excluded. ^a Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. ^b Difference between estimate and 2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2010 and 2011.
TOTAL	24.9	23.9	26.5	27.7	41.4	40.1	15.6	15.4
AGE
12-13	7.0	7.3	5.0^b	6.7	10.4	9.7	2.4	2.3
14-15	27.6^b	24.0	28.2	26.5	43.4^b	39.7	14.7	13.8
16-17	37.7	37.6	43.5^a	46.2	66.1	65.6	27.9	27.9
GENDER
Male	21.0	19.7	24.1	24.6	35.9^a	34.1	12.4	12.6
Female	28.9	28.2	29.0^a	30.9	47.2	46.3	18.9	18.3
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	24.9	24.1	25.9	26.7	41.1^a	39.6	15.4	15.1
White	24.8^a	23.2	24.3	24.4	41.2^a	39.3	14.8	14.5
Black or African American	27.7	29.4	34.4	37.4	41.9	42.4	19.0	18.6
American Indian or Alaska Native	30.6	32.5	26.6	33.2	35.6	43.7	18.1	22.7
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	15.0	17.1	14.6	16.8	35.5	32.9	10.7	13.4
Two or More Races	28.5	26.4	33.0	36.4	43.5	41.6	18.7^a	12.5
Hispanic or Latino	24.7	23.0	29.2	31.2	42.5	41.9	16.3	16.5
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	23.1	23.4	28.0^a	29.9	41.1	41.4	15.3	16.1
Small Metro	26.5^b	23.6	26.6	27.4	41.5^a	38.8	16.0	14.8
Nonmetro	27.6	26.2	21.1	20.5	42.1^b	38.1	15.7	14.4

120407

Table 3.19A – Past Month Use of Selected Substances, by Perceived Risk of Harm Associated with Substance Use Behaviors among Persons Aged 12 to 17: Numbers in Thousands, 2011
Perceptions of Risk¹	Used Illicit Drugs²	Used Marijuana	Used Cigarettes	Binge Use of Alcohol³
*Low precision; no estimate reported. ¹ Respondents with unknown data were excluded. ² Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically, including data from original methamphetamine questions but not including new methamphetamine items added in 2005 and 2006. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011.
CIGARETTES
Smoke One or More Packs Per Day - Great Risk	1,486	1,167	927	1,023
Smoke One or More Packs Per Day - Moderate/Slight/No Risk	1,031	799	1,005	820
MARIJUANA
Smoke Once a Month - Great Risk	164	63	156	189
Smoke Once a Month - Moderate/Slight/No Risk	2,349	1,902	1,767	1,654
Smoke Once or Twice a Week - Great Risk	249	87	230	259
Smoke Once or Twice a Week - Moderate/Slight/No Risk	2,261	1,874	1,689	1,581
COCAINE
Use Once a Month - Great Risk	1,248	1,015	972	952
Use Once a Month - Moderate/Slight/No Risk	1,232	924	920	868
Use Once or Twice a Week - Great Risk	1,825	1,461	1,400	1,383
Use Once or Twice a Week - Moderate/Slight/No Risk	653	477	492	432
HEROIN
Try Once or Twice - Great Risk	1,690	1,390	1,366	1,280
Try Once or Twice - Moderate/Slight/No Risk	787	545	530	541
Use Once or Twice a Week - Great Risk	2,080	1,686	1,643	1,569
Use Once or Twice a Week - Moderate/Slight/No Risk	401	254	251	250
LSD
Try Once or Twice - Great Risk	997	794	885	828
Try Once or Twice - Moderate/Slight/No Risk	1,436	1,112	969	953
Use Once or Twice a Week - Great Risk	1,543	1,240	1,258	1,216
Use Once or Twice a Week - Moderate/Slight/No Risk	885	662	598	570
ALCOHOL
Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day - Great Risk	1,203	925	817	790
Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day - Moderate/Slight/No Risk	1,304	1,033	1,098	1,052
Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week - Great Risk	793	596	575	452
Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week - Moderate/Slight/No Risk	1,715	1,364	1,346	1,385

120407

Table 3.19B – Past Month Use of Selected Substances, by Perceived Risk of Harm Associated with Substance Use Behaviors among Persons Aged 12 to 17: Percentages, 2011
Perceptions of Risk¹	Used Illicit Drugs²	Used Marijuana	Used Cigarettes	Binge Use of Alcohol³
*Low precision; no estimate reported. ¹ Respondents with unknown data were excluded. ² Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically, including data from original methamphetamine questions but not including new methamphetamine items added in 2005 and 2006. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011.
CIGARETTES
Smoke One or More Packs Per Day - Great Risk	9.1	7.1	5.7	6.3
Smoke One or More Packs Per Day - Moderate/Slight/No Risk	12.4	9.6	12.0	9.8
MARIJUANA
Smoke Once a Month - Great Risk	2.4	0.9	2.3	2.8
Smoke Once a Month - Moderate/Slight/No Risk	13.2	10.7	10.0	9.3
Smoke Once or Twice a Week - Great Risk	2.3	0.8	2.1	2.4
Smoke Once or Twice a Week - Moderate/Slight/No Risk	16.7	13.8	12.5	11.7
COCAINE
Use Once a Month - Great Risk	10.7	8.7	8.3	8.1
Use Once a Month - Moderate/Slight/No Risk	9.8	7.3	7.3	6.9
Use Once or Twice a Week - Great Risk	9.6	7.7	7.4	7.3
Use Once or Twice a Week - Moderate/Slight/No Risk	12.2	8.9	9.2	8.1
HEROIN
Try Once or Twice - Great Risk	12.3	10.1	10.0	9.3
Try Once or Twice - Moderate/Slight/No Risk	7.5	5.2	5.0	5.1
Use Once or Twice a Week - Great Risk	10.7	8.7	8.5	8.1
Use Once or Twice a Week - Moderate/Slight/No Risk	8.1	5.1	5.1	5.1
LSD
Try Once or Twice - Great Risk	9.0	7.2	8.0	7.5
Try Once or Twice - Moderate/Slight/No Risk	11.5	8.9	7.8	7.6
Use Once or Twice a Week - Great Risk	9.3	7.5	7.6	7.3
Use Once or Twice a Week - Moderate/Slight/No Risk	12.7	9.5	8.6	8.2
ALCOHOL
Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day - Great Risk	7.5	5.8	5.1	4.9
Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day - Moderate/Slight/No Risk	15.0	11.9	12.7	12.1
Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week - Great Risk	7.9	5.9	5.7	4.5
Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week - Moderate/Slight/No Risk	11.7	9.3	9.2	9.5

120407

Table 3.20A – Past Month Use of Selected Substances, by Perceived Availability of Selected Illicit Drugs among Persons Aged 12 to 17: Numbers in Thousands, 2011
Perceived Availability¹	Used Illicit Drugs²	Used Marijuana	Used Cigarettes	Binge Use of Alcohol³
*Low precision; no estimate reported. ¹ Respondents with unknown data were excluded. ² Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically, including data from original methamphetamine questions but not including new methamphetamine items added in 2005 and 2006. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011.
FAIRLY OR VERY EASY TO OBTAIN
Marijuana	2,160	1,815	1,661	1,630
Cocaine	800	646	680	652
Crack	618	468	501	489
Heroin	433	316	341	321
LSD	563	461	465	529
FAIRLY OR VERY DIFFICULT, OR IMPOSSIBLE TO OBTAIN
Marijuana	349	149	262	210
Cocaine	1,669	1,279	1,200	1,154
Crack	1,838	1,452	1,376	1,314
Heroin	2,017	1,597	1,531	1,479
LSD	1,861	1,430	1,384	1,273

120407

Table 3.20B – Past Month Use of Selected Substances, by Perceived Availability of Selected Illicit Drugs among Persons Aged 12 to 17: Percentages, 2011
Perceived Availability¹	Used Illicit Drugs²	Used Marijuana	Used Cigarettes	Binge Use of Alcohol³
*Low precision; no estimate reported. ¹ Respondents with unknown data were excluded. ² Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically, including data from original methamphetamine questions but not including new methamphetamine items added in 2005 and 2006. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011.
FAIRLY OR VERY EASY TO OBTAIN
Marijuana	18.7	15.7	14.4	14.1
Cocaine	19.2	15.5	16.3	15.6
Crack	14.3	10.8	11.6	11.3
Heroin	17.0	12.4	13.4	12.6
LSD	19.7	16.2	16.3	18.6
FAIRLY OR VERY DIFFICULT, OR IMPOSSIBLE TO OBTAIN
Marijuana	2.8	1.2	2.1	1.7
Cocaine	8.5	6.5	6.1	5.9
Crack	9.4	7.4	7.1	6.7
Heroin	9.5	7.6	7.2	7.0
LSD	9.1	7.0	6.8	6.2

120407

Table 3.21A – Past Month Use of Selected Substances, by Youth's Perceptions of Parents' Feelings about Substance Use Behaviors among Persons Aged 12 to 17: Numbers in Thousands, 2011
Feelings about Substance Use Behaviors¹	SUBSTANCE USE IN THE PAST MONTH
	Used Illicit Drugs²		Used Marijuana		Used Cigarettes		Binge Use of Alcohol³
	Strongly Disapprove	Somewhat Disapprove/ Neither Approve Nor Disapprove	Strongly Disapprove	Somewhat Disapprove/ Neither Approve Nor Disapprove	Strongly Disapprove	Somewhat Disapprove/ Neither Approve Nor Disapprove	Strongly Disapprove	Somewhat Disapprove/ Neither Approve Nor Disapprove
*Low precision; no estimate reported. ¹ Respondents with unknown data were excluded. ² Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically, including data from original methamphetamine questions but not including new methamphetamine items added in 2005 and 2006. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011.
YOUTH'S PERCEPTIONS OF PARENTS' FEELINGS ABOUT YOUTH…
Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	2,017	468	1,551	387	1,263	619	1,470	357
Trying Marijuana or Hashish Once or Twice	1,526	945	1,093	834	1,213	673	1,236	586
Using Marijuana or Hashish Once a Month or More	1,622	847	1,162	766	1,264	624	1,289	534
Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Nearly Every Day	1,910	570	1,474	462	1,380	501	1,292	527

120407

Table 3.21B – Past Month Use of Selected Substances, by Youth's Perceptions of Parents' Feelings about Substance Use Behaviors among Persons Aged 12 to 17: Percentages, 2011
Feelings about Substance Use Behaviors¹	SUBSTANCE USE IN THE PAST MONTH
	Used Illicit Drugs²		Used Marijuana		Used Cigarettes		Binge Use of Alcohol³
	Strongly Disapprove	Somewhat Disapprove/ Neither Approve Nor Disapprove	Strongly Disapprove	Somewhat Disapprove/ Neither Approve Nor Disapprove	Strongly Disapprove	Somewhat Disapprove/ Neither Approve Nor Disapprove	Strongly Disapprove	Somewhat Disapprove/ Neither Approve Nor Disapprove
*Low precision; no estimate reported. ¹ Respondents with unknown data were excluded. ² Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically, including data from original methamphetamine questions but not including new methamphetamine items added in 2005 and 2006. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011.
YOUTH'S PERCEPTIONS OF PARENTS' FEELINGS ABOUT YOUTH…
Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	8.8	28.1	6.8	23.2	5.5	37.1	6.4	21.4
Trying Marijuana or Hashish Once or Twice	6.9	35.7	5.0	31.5	5.5	25.4	5.6	22.2
Using Marijuana or Hashish Once a Month or More	7.2	41.2	5.1	37.2	5.6	30.3	5.7	25.9
Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Nearly Every Day	8.6	24.3	6.6	19.7	6.2	21.3	5.8	22.5

120407

Table 3.22A – Past Month Use of Selected Substances, by Feelings about Substance Use Behaviors among Persons Aged 12 to 17: Numbers in Thousands, 2011
Feelings about Substance Use Behaviors¹	SUBSTANCE USE IN THE PAST MONTH
	Used Illicit Drugs²		Used Marijuana		Used Cigarettes		Binge Use of Alcohol³
	Strongly/ Somewhat Disapprove	Neither Approve Nor Disapprove	Strongly/ Somewhat Disapprove	Neither Approve Nor Disapprove	Strongly/ Somewhat Disapprove	Neither Approve Nor Disapprove	Strongly/ Somewhat Disapprove	Neither Approve Nor Disapprove
*Low precision; no estimate reported. ¹ Respondents with unknown data were excluded. ² Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically, including data from original methamphetamine questions but not including new methamphetamine items added in 2005 and 2006. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011.
YOUTH'S PERCEPTIONS OF CLOSE FRIENDS' FEELINGS ABOUT YOUTH…
Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	1,734	738	1,304	630	1,118	768	1,256	565
Trying Marijuana or Hashish Once or Twice	894	1,574	527	1,403	750	1,131	778	1,041
Using Marijuana or Hashish Once a Month or More	887	1,587	520	1,416	761	1,125	787	1,037
Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Nearly Every Day	1,575	898	1,164	771	1,088	795	1,043	783
YOUTH'S FEELINGS ABOUT PEERS…
Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	1,951	531	1,494	446	1,242	651	1,368	462
Trying Marijuana or Hashish Once or Twice	914	1,570	536	1,405	765	1,132	757	1,075
Using Marijuana or Hashish Once a Month or More	856	1,624	487	1,450	723	1,167	750	1,075
Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Nearly Every Day	1,617	857	1,207	726	1,153	738	1,123	700

120407

Table 3.22B – Past Month Use of Selected Substances, by Feelings about Substance Use Behaviors among Persons Aged 12 to 17: Percentages, 2011
Feelings about Substance Use Behaviors¹	SUBSTANCE USE IN THE PAST MONTH
	Used Illicit Drugs²		Used Marijuana		Used Cigarettes		Binge Use of Alcohol³
	Strongly/ Somewhat Disapprove	Neither Approve Nor Disapprove	Strongly/ Somewhat Disapprove	Neither Approve Nor Disapprove	Strongly/ Somewhat Disapprove	Neither Approve Nor Disapprove	Strongly/ Somewhat Disapprove	Neither Approve Nor Disapprove
*Low precision; no estimate reported. ¹ Respondents with unknown data were excluded. ² Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically, including data from original methamphetamine questions but not including new methamphetamine items added in 2005 and 2006. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011.
YOUTH'S PERCEPTIONS OF CLOSE FRIENDS' FEELINGS ABOUT YOUTH…
Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	8.0	26.3	6.0	22.5	5.1	27.4	5.8	20.1
Trying Marijuana or Hashish Once or Twice	4.5	32.2	2.7	28.7	3.8	23.2	4.0	21.3
Using Marijuana or Hashish Once a Month or More	4.4	34.8	2.6	31.1	3.8	24.7	3.9	22.8
Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Nearly Every Day	7.4	27.4	5.5	23.5	5.1	24.3	4.9	23.9
YOUTH'S FEELINGS ABOUT PEERS…
Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day	8.7	23.9	6.7	20.0	5.5	29.3	6.1	20.8
Trying Marijuana or Hashish Once or Twice	4.6	31.9	2.7	28.6	3.9	23.0	3.8	21.8
Using Marijuana or Hashish Once a Month or More	4.3	33.5	2.5	29.9	3.7	24.1	3.8	22.2
Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Nearly Every Day	7.4	29.3	5.6	24.8	5.3	25.2	5.2	23.9

120407

Table 3.23A – Past Month Use of Selected Substances, by Measures of Youth's Exposure to Prevention Programs and Messages and Youth's Delinquency in the Past Year among Persons Aged 12 to 17: Numbers in Thousands, 2011
Prevention Programs/Messages and Delinquency¹	SUBSTANCE USE IN THE PAST MONTH
	Used Illicit Drugs²		Used Marijuana		Used Cigarettes		Binge Use of Alcohol³
	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No
*Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: The categories "Yes" and "No" refer to estimates among youths who were (a) exposed or not exposed to a prevention message or program or (b) participated in delinquent behavior. ¹ Respondents with unknown data were excluded. ² Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically, including data from original methamphetamine questions but not including new methamphetamine items added in 2005 and 2006. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Respondents were asked how many times they participated in a delinquent behavior in the past year and were categorized as "Yes" if they indicated participating in a particular behavior at least one time and "No" if they did not. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011.
EXPOSURE TO PREVENTION PROGRAMS AND MESSAGES IN PAST YEAR
Participated in Problem-Solving, Communication, or Self-Esteem Group	420	2,063	272	1,666	267	1,635	269	1,563
Participated in Violence Prevention Program	284	2,205	186	1,754	206	1,696	179	1,651
Participated in Pregnancy or Sexually Transmitted Disease Prevention Program	300	2,193	202	1,737	194	1,714	187	1,649
Participated in Alcohol, Tobacco, or Drug Prevention Program Outside of School	314	2,168	216	1,718	195	1,707	199	1,632
Participated in Program to Help Deal with Drug or Alcohol Use	159	2,321	112	1,824	137	1,766	97	1,733
Saw or Heard Alcohol or Drug Prevention Message from Sources Outside School	1,850	625	1,457	472	1,330	564	1,394	429
Talked to Parents about Dangers of Tobacco, Alcohol, or Drug Use	1,327	1,155	1,070	866	1,041	856	1,005	825
DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR IN PAST YEAR⁴
Got into a Serious Fight at School or Work	876	1,618	679	1,268	715	1,188	643	1,195
Took Part in a Group-Against-Group Fight	687	1,809	525	1,423	519	1,386	513	1,324
Attacked Someone with the Intent to Seriously Hurt Them	409	2,092	314	1,637	338	1,574	321	1,518
Carried a Handgun	233	2,269	183	1,769	176	1,736	174	1,666
Sold Illegal Drugs	528	1,962	476	1,464	412	1,493	335	1,499
Stole or Tried to Steal Anything Worth More Than $50	421	2,078	351	1,595	326	1,583	303	1,536

120407

Table 3.23B – Past Month Use of Selected Substances, by Measures of Youth's Exposure to Prevention Programs and Messages and Youth's Delinquency in the Past Year among Persons Aged 12 to 17: Percentages, 2011
Prevention Programs/Messages and Delinquency¹	SUBSTANCE USE IN THE PAST MONTH
	Used Illicit Drugs²		Used Marijuana		Used Cigarettes		Binge Use of Alcohol³
	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No
*Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: The categories "Yes" and "No" refer to estimates among youths who were (a) exposed or not exposed to a prevention message or program or (b) participated in delinquent behavior. ¹ Respondents with unknown data were excluded. ² Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically, including data from original methamphetamine questions but not including new methamphetamine items added in 2005 and 2006. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Respondents were asked how many times they participated in a delinquent behavior in the past year and were categorized as "Yes" if they indicated participating in a particular behavior at least one time and "No" if they did not. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011.
EXPOSURE TO PREVENTION PROGRAMS AND MESSAGES IN PAST YEAR
Participated in Problem-Solving, Communication, or Self-Esteem Group	8.2	10.7	5.3	8.6	5.2	8.5	5.3	8.1
Participated in Violence Prevention Program	8.5	10.3	5.6	8.2	6.2	8.0	5.4	7.7
Participated in Pregnancy or Sexually Transmitted Disease Prevention Program	12.0	9.9	8.1	7.8	7.7	7.7	7.5	7.4
Participated in Alcohol, Tobacco, or Drug Prevention Program Outside of School	10.8	9.9	7.5	7.9	6.8	7.8	6.9	7.5
Participated in Program to Help Deal with Drug or Alcohol Use	16.2	9.8	11.4	7.7	13.9	7.5	9.8	7.3
Saw or Heard Alcohol or Drug Prevention Message from Sources Outside School	10.0	10.2	7.9	7.7	7.2	9.2	7.5	7.0
Talked to Parents about Dangers of Tobacco, Alcohol, or Drug Use	9.3	11.1	7.5	8.4	7.3	8.3	7.1	8.0
DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR IN PAST YEAR⁴
Got into a Serious Fight at School or Work	18.5	8.0	14.3	6.3	15.1	5.9	13.6	5.9
Took Part in a Group-Against-Group Fight	22.7	8.3	17.3	6.5	17.1	6.4	16.9	6.1
Attacked Someone with the Intent to Seriously Hurt Them	27.7	8.9	21.2	7.0	22.9	6.7	21.8	6.5
Carried a Handgun	27.0	9.5	21.2	7.4	20.4	7.2	20.2	6.9
Sold Illegal Drugs	70.6	8.1	63.6	6.1	55.1	6.2	44.7	6.2
Stole or Tried to Steal Anything Worth More Than $50	45.1	8.7	37.6	6.7	35.0	6.6	32.5	6.4

120407

Table 3.24A – Past Month Use of Selected Substances, by Measures of Risk and Protective Factors, Religious Beliefs, and Past Year Parental Involvement among Persons Aged 12 to 17: Numbers in Thousands, 2011
Risk and Protective Factors, Religious Beliefs, and Parental Involvement¹	SUBSTANCE USE IN THE PAST MONTH
	Used Illicit Drugs²		Used Marijuana		Used Cigarettes		Binge Use of Alcohol³
	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No
*Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: The categories "Yes" and "No" refer to estimates among youths (a) with or without risk and protective factors, (b) who have or do not have strong religious beliefs, or (c) who have or do not have parents who are involved. ¹ Respondents with unknown data were excluded. ² Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically, including data from original methamphetamine questions but not including new methamphetamine items added in 2005 and 2006. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Respondents were able to select multiple categories of persons that they would talk to about a serious problem, including the choice of "nobody." Respondents who reported both a person that they would talk to and that they had nobody to talk to were excluded from the analysis. ⁵ Special occasions, such as weddings, funerals, or other special events, were not to have been considered in the number of times attended religious services. ⁶ Response categories for the questions on Religious Beliefs include "Strongly disagree," "Disagree," "Agree," and "Strongly agree." Respondents were categorized as "Yes" if they reported "Agree" or "Strongly agree" and "No" if they reported "Strongly disagree" or "Disagree." ⁷ Responses categories for the Parental Involvement questions include "Always," "Sometimes," "Seldom," and "Never." Respondents were categorized as "Yes" if they reported "Always" or "Sometimes" and "No" if they reported "Seldom" or "Never." Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011.
RISK AND PROTECTIVE FACTORS
Youth Moved 2 or More Times in the Past 5 Years	764	1,706	585	1,344	652	1,238	485	1,333
Youth Argued with at Least One Parent 10 or More Times in the Past Year	867	1,617	692	1,249	709	1,185	664	1,165
Youth Was Approached by Someone Selling Drugs in the Past Month	1,240	1,274	1,086	877	932	997	861	985
Youth Had Someone to Talk to about Problems⁴	2,271	178	1,781	139	1,737	136	1,689	117
Youth Attended 25 or More Religious Services in the Past Year⁵	401	2,059	301	1,618	284	1,589	338	1,479
YOUTH RELIGIOUS BELIEFS⁶
Youth Agreed or Strongly Agreed That Religious Beliefs Are a Very Important Part of His or Her Life	1,327	1,127	975	937	948	920	1,024	780
Youth Agreed or Strongly Agreed That His or Her Religious Beliefs Influence Decision Making in Life	1,021	1,442	699	1,218	698	1,178	795	1,009
Youth Agreed or Strongly Agreed That It Is Important for Friends to Share Religious Beliefs	483	1,979	287	1,629	308	1,568	364	1,445
PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT IN PAST YEAR⁷
Parent Always or Sometimes Made Youth Do Chores around the House	2,106	398	1,646	306	1,587	324	1,533	307
Parent Always or Sometimes Limited Amount of Time Youth Watched TV	626	1,877	448	1,503	424	1,484	433	1,405
Parents Always or Sometimes Let Youth Know He or She Had Done a Good Job	1,850	651	1,442	508	1,404	506	1,385	454
Parents Always or Sometimes Let Youth Know They Were Proud of Something He or She Had Done	1,855	646	1,460	492	1,406	501	1,362	475

120407

Table 3.24B – Past Month Use of Selected Substances, by Measures of Risk and Protective Factors, Religious Beliefs, and Past Year Parental Involvement among Persons Aged 12 to 17: Percentages, 2011
Risk and Protective Factors, Religious Beliefs, and Parental Involvement¹	SUBSTANCE USE IN THE PAST MONTH
	Used Illicit Drugs²		Used Marijuana		Used Cigarettes		Binge Use of Alcohol³
	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No
*Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: The categories "Yes" and "No" refer to estimates among youths (a) with or without risk and protective factors, (b) who have or do not have strong religious beliefs, or (c) who have or do not have parents who are involved. ¹ Respondents with unknown data were excluded. ² Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically, including data from original methamphetamine questions but not including new methamphetamine items added in 2005 and 2006. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Respondents were able to select multiple categories of persons that they would talk to about a serious problem, including the choice of "nobody." Respondents who reported both a person that they would talk to and that they had nobody to talk to were excluded from the analysis. ⁵ Special occasions, such as weddings, funerals, or other special events, were not to have been considered in the number of times attended religious services. ⁶ Response categories for the questions on Religious Beliefs include "Strongly disagree," "Disagree," "Agree," and "Strongly agree." Respondents were categorized as "Yes" if they reported "Agree" or "Strongly agree" and "No" if they reported "Strongly disagree" or "Disagree." ⁷ Responses categories for the Parental Involvement questions include "Always," "Sometimes," "Seldom," and "Never." Respondents were categorized as "Yes" if they reported "Always" or "Sometimes" and "No" if they reported "Seldom" or "Never."" Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011.
RISK AND PROTECTIVE FACTORS
Youth Moved 2 or More Times in the Past 5 Years	12.6	9.3	9.6	7.4	10.7	6.8	8.0	7.3
Youth Argued with at Least One Parent 10 or More Times in the Past Year	16.3	8.4	13.0	6.5	13.3	6.1	12.5	6.0
Youth Was Approached by Someone Selling Drugs in the Past Month	36.1	5.9	31.6	4.1	27.1	4.6	25.0	4.6
Youth Had Someone to Talk to about Problems⁴	9.7	18.1	7.6	14.2	7.4	13.9	7.2	11.9
Youth Attended 25 or More Religious Services in the Past Year⁵	5.4	12.2	4.0	9.6	3.8	9.5	4.5	8.8
YOUTH RELIGIOUS BELIEFS⁶
Youth Agreed or Strongly Agreed That Religious Beliefs Are a Very Important Part of His or Her Life	7.4	17.5	5.5	14.6	5.3	14.3	5.7	12.1
Youth Agreed or Strongly Agreed That His or Her Religious Beliefs Influence Decision Making in Life	6.3	17.6	4.3	14.9	4.3	14.4	4.9	12.3
Youth Agreed or Strongly Agreed That It Is Important for Friends to Share Religious Beliefs	6.0	12.2	3.6	10.1	3.9	9.7	4.6	8.9
PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT IN PAST YEAR⁷
Parent Always or Sometimes Made Youth Do Chores around the House	9.6	13.8	7.5	10.6	7.2	11.2	7.0	10.6
Parent Always or Sometimes Limited Amount of Time Youth Watched TV	6.2	12.7	4.5	10.2	4.2	10.1	4.3	9.5
Parents Always or Sometimes Let Youth Know He or She Had Done a Good Job	8.7	18.5	6.8	14.5	6.6	14.4	6.5	12.9
Parents Always or Sometimes Let Youth Know They Were Proud of Something He or She Had Done	8.7	18.3	6.8	13.9	6.6	14.2	6.4	13.5

120407

Table 3.25A – Past Month Use of Selected Substances, by Measures of Scholastic Environment among Persons Aged 12 to 17 Who Were Enrolled in School in the Past Year: Numbers in Thousands, 2011
Scholastic Environment¹	SUBSTANCE USE IN THE PAST MONTH
	Used Illicit Drugs²		Used Marijuana		Used Cigarettes		Binge Use of Alcohol³
	Had Scholastic Characteristic	Did Not Have Scholastic Characteristic	Had Scholastic Characteristic	Did Not Have Scholastic Characteristic	Had Scholastic Characteristic	Did Not Have Scholastic Characteristic	Had Scholastic Characteristic	Did Not Have Scholastic Characteristic
*Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Youths who did not report their school enrollment status or reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months were excluded from this analysis. ¹ Respondents with unknown data were excluded. ² Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically, including data from original methamphetamine questions but not including new methamphetamine items added in 2005 and 2006. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Youths reporting that they were "home-schooled" in the past 12 months were considered to be enrolled in school. ⁵ The number of activities participated in is based on four questions: participation in school-based activities, community-based activities, church or faith-based activities, and other activities. For each question, the response categories include "None," "One," "Two," and "3 or more." Respondents were excluded from the analysis if they had unknown data for at least three of the questions and if their known responses did not place them in the recoded "Two or more" category. ⁶ Drug or Alcohol Prevention Messages Seen or Heard in School includes respondents who reported having a special class about drugs or alcohol in school or having had films, lectures, discussion, or printed information about drugs or alcohol in a regular school class, such as health or physical education, or outside of a regular school class, such as in a special assembly. ⁷ Response categories for the School Satisfaction question include "You liked going to school a lot," "You kind of liked going to school," "You didn't like going to school very much," and "You hated going to school." Respondents were categorized as "Yes" if they reported "You liked going to school a lot" or "You kind of liked going to school" and were categorized as "No" if they reported "You didn't like going to school very much" or "You hated going to school." ⁸ Response categories for Grade Average include "An 'A+,' 'A,' or 'A-minus' average"; "A 'B+,' 'B,' or 'B-minus' average"; "A 'C+,' 'C,' or 'C-minus' average"; "A 'D' or less than a 'D' average"; and "My school does not give these grades." Respondents reporting that their school does not give these grades were excluded from the analysis. ⁹ Response categories for the Adult Involvement questions include "Always," "Sometimes," "Seldom," and "Never." Respondents were categorized as "Yes" if they reported "Always" or "Sometimes" and "No" if they reported "Seldom" or "Never." ¹⁰ Response categories for the Substance Use in Grade Level questions include "All of them," "Most of them," "A few of them," and "None of them." Respondents were categorized as "Yes" if they reported "All of them" or "Most of them" and "No" if they reported "A few of them" or "None of them." Youths reporting that they were "home-schooled" in the past 12 months were not considered to be enrolled in school. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011.
STUDENT CHARACTERISTICS IN PAST YEAR⁴
Participated in One or Fewer Activities⁵	468	1,917	398	1,486	459	1,366	325	1,453
Drug or Alcohol Prevention Messages Were Seen or Heard in School⁶	1,597	776	1,244	636	1,180	635	1,278	491
Youth Liked a Lot or Kind of Liked Going to School⁷	1,639	768	1,294	612	1,180	665	1,164	626
Grade Average for Last Completed Period Was "D" or Lower⁸	312	2,006	258	1,593	290	1,475	193	1,534
ADULT INVOLVEMENT IN PAST YEAR^4,9
Teacher Always or Sometimes Let Youth Know He or She Was Doing a Good Job with School Work	1,746	647	1,404	492	1,285	551	1,271	511
Parents Always or Sometimes Checked That Youth Did Homework	1,553	830	1,216	671	1,159	665	1,152	628
Parents Always or Sometimes Provided Help with Homework	1,533	855	1,193	696	1,174	651	1,148	630
Parents Always or Sometimes Limited Time Youth Went Out with Friends on a School Night	1,464	923	1,159	736	1,111	717	1,090	692
SUBSTANCE USE IN GRADE LEVEL¹⁰
All or Most of Students in Youth's Grade Smoke Cigarettes	1,099	1,268	890	992	1,078	739	872	898
All or Most of Students in Youth's Grade Use Marijuana or Hashish	1,568	791	1,375	510	1,124	681	1,089	672
All or Most of Students in Youth's Grade Drink Alcoholic Beverages	1,649	713	1,386	498	1,273	536	1,396	375
All or Most of Students in Youth's Grade Get Drunk at Least Once a Week	816	1,524	687	1,181	709	1,086	755	997

120407

Table 3.25B – Past Month Use of Selected Substances, by Measures of Scholastic Environment among Persons Aged 12 to 17 Who Were Enrolled in School in the Past Year: Percentages, 2011
Scholastic Environment¹	SUBSTANCE USE IN THE PAST MONTH
	Used Illicit Drugs²		Used Marijuana		Used Cigarettes		Binge Use of Alcohol³
	Had Scholastic Characteristic	Did Not Have Scholastic Characteristic	Had Scholastic Characteristic	Did Not Have Scholastic Characteristic	Had Scholastic Characteristic	Did Not Have Scholastic Characteristic	Had Scholastic Characteristic	Did Not Have Scholastic Characteristic
*Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Youths who did not report their school enrollment status or reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months were excluded from this analysis. ¹ Respondents with unknown data were excluded. ² Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically, including data from original methamphetamine questions but not including new methamphetamine items added in 2005 and 2006. ³ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁴ Youths reporting that they were "home-schooled" in the past 12 months were considered to be enrolled in school. ⁵ The number of activities participated in is based on four questions: participation in school-based activities, community-based activities, church or faith-based activities, and other activities. For each question, the response categories include "None," "One," "Two," and "3 or more." Respondents were excluded from the analysis if they had unknown data for at least three of the questions and if their known responses did not place them in the recoded "Two or more" category. ⁶ Drug or Alcohol Prevention Messages Seen or Heard in School includes respondents who reported having a special class about drugs or alcohol in school or having had films, lectures, discussion, or printed information about drugs or alcohol in a regular school class, such as health or physical education, or outside of a regular school class, such as in a special assembly. ⁷ Response categories for the School Satisfaction question include "You liked going to school a lot," "You kind of liked going to school," "You didn't like going to school very much," and "You hated going to school." Respondents were categorized as "Yes" if they reported "You liked going to school a lot" or "You kind of liked going to school" and were categorized as "No" if they reported "You didn't like going to school very much" or "You hated going to school." ⁸ Response categories for Grade Average include "An 'A+,' 'A,' or 'A-minus' average"; "A 'B+,' 'B,' or 'B-minus' average"; "A 'C+,' 'C,' or 'C-minus' average"; "A 'D' or less than a 'D' average"; and "My school does not give these grades." Respondents reporting that their school does not give these grades were excluded from the analysis. ⁹ Response categories for the Adult Involvement questions include "Always," "Sometimes," "Seldom," and "Never." Respondents were categorized as "Yes" if they reported "Always" or "Sometimes" and "No" if they reported "Seldom" or "Never." ¹⁰ Response categories for the Substance Use in Grade Level questions include "All of them," "Most of them," "A few of them," and "None of them." Respondents were categorized as "Yes" if they reported "All of them" or "Most of them" and "No" if they reported "A few of them" or "None of them." Youths reporting that they were "home-schooled" in the past 12 months were not considered to be enrolled in school. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2011.
STUDENT CHARACTERISTICS IN PAST YEAR⁴
Participated in One or Fewer Activities⁵	15.7	9.4	13.3	7.3	15.4	6.7	10.9	7.1
Drug or Alcohol Prevention Messages Were Seen or Heard in School⁶	9.2	13.2	7.2	10.8	6.8	10.8	7.4	8.4
Youth Liked a Lot or Kind of Liked Going to School⁷	8.6	18.1	6.8	14.4	6.2	15.7	6.1	14.7
Grade Average for Last Completed Period Was "D" or Lower⁸	27.1	9.5	22.4	7.5	25.2	7.0	16.8	7.2
ADULT INVOLVEMENT IN PAST YEAR^4,9
Teacher Always or Sometimes Let Youth Know He or She Was Doing a Good Job with School Work	9.4	13.6	7.6	10.3	6.9	11.5	6.9	10.7
Parents Always or Sometimes Checked That Youth Did Homework	8.2	18.9	6.4	15.2	6.1	15.1	6.1	14.3
Parents Always or Sometimes Provided Help with Homework	8.2	18.7	6.4	15.3	6.3	14.3	6.1	13.8
Parents Always or Sometimes Limited Time Youth Went Out with Friends on a School Night	9.1	13.3	7.2	10.6	6.9	10.3	6.8	10.0
SUBSTANCE USE IN GRADE LEVEL¹⁰
All or Most of Students in Youth's Grade Smoke Cigarettes	20.4	7.4	16.5	5.8	20.0	4.3	16.2	5.2
All or Most of Students in Youth's Grade Use Marijuana or Hashish	25.5	4.9	22.3	3.2	18.3	4.2	17.7	4.2
All or Most of Students in Youth's Grade Drink Alcoholic Beverages	18.3	5.3	15.4	3.7	14.2	4.0	15.5	2.8
All or Most of Students in Youth's Grade Get Drunk at Least Once a Week	24.0	8.2	20.2	6.3	20.8	5.8	22.2	5.3