National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Comparison of 2009-2010 and 2010-2011
Model-Based Prevalence Estimates (50 States and the District of Columbia)

NOTE: The methodology used to conduct significance testing for State estimates between the 2009-2010 and the 2010-2011 NSDUHs and to calculate p values is provided after Table 26.

Revised Mental Illness Estimates: The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) has been publishing State estimates of the prevalence (both percentages and estimated counts) of past year serious mental illness (SMI) and any mental illness (AMI) among adults aged 18 or older since the release of the 2008-2009 State small area estimation (SAE) report. Estimates were based on a model developed in 2008. In 2013, SAMHSA developed a more accurate model for the 2012 data. This revised model incorporates the NSDUH respondent's age and indicators of past year suicide thoughts and depression, along with the variables that were specified in the 2008 model (Kessler-6 [K6] questions on psychological distress and an abbreviated set of questions on impairment in carrying out activities from the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule [WHODAS]), leading to more accurate estimates of SMI and AMI. The SMI and AMI tables in this document include estimates that have been revised based on the new model. Additionally, note that the 2010-2011 small area estimates for these two measures were produced using an updated 2010 sample weight (i.e., one that used 2010 population counts based on the 2010 census rather than the 2000 census in the poststratification adjustment) and updated SAE model predictors for both 2010 and 2011. Other mental health measures in these tables, such as major depressive episode (MDE) and serious thoughts of suicide, were not affected. For further information on the revised model, see the NSDUH short report titled Revised Estimates of Mental Illness from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health at https://www.samhsa.gov/data. For the further details on the revised weight and predictors used for these 2010-2011 SMI and AMI small area estimates, see the "2010-2011 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/NSDUH/2k11State/NSDUHsae2011/Index.aspx.

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Table 1 – Illicit Drug Use in the Past Month, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2009-2010)		 12+
(2010-2011)		 12+
(P Value)		 12-17
(2009-2010)		 12-17
(2010-2011)		 12-17
(P Value)		 18-25
(2009-2010)		 18-25
(2010-2011)		 18-25
(P Value)		 26+
(2009-2010)		 26+
(2010-2011)		 26+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2009-2010 and the 2010-2011 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
NOTE: Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically, including data from original methamphetamine questions but not including new methamphetamine items added in 2005 and 2006. See Section B.4.8 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2008 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings.
a Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2009, 2010, and 2011 (2009 and 2010 Data – Revised March 2012).
Total U.S. 8.82 8.82 0.983 10.12 10.12 0.988 21.46 21.49 0.914 6.46 6.46 0.991
Northeast 9.49 9.28 0.332 10.50 10.47 0.945 24.77b 23.56 0.059 6.79 6.75 0.882
Midwest 8.10a 8.41 0.042 9.76 9.54 0.424 20.34 20.86 0.284 5.75b 6.11 0.077
South 7.86 7.70 0.284 9.25 9.19 0.822 19.33 19.22 0.816 5.72 5.53 0.330
West 10.48 10.62 0.586 11.49 11.81 0.443 23.24 24.02 0.230 8.03 8.05 0.963
Alabama 7.25 7.59 0.453 9.28 9.15 0.882 17.60 17.27 0.790 5.22 5.70 0.384
Alaska 14.15 13.65 0.556 10.59 11.09 0.631 27.65 26.04 0.341 12.00 11.59 0.708
Arizona 9.53 9.52 0.986 10.87 11.34 0.645 20.02 19.94 0.955 7.58 7.51 0.916
Arkansas 7.80 7.61 0.676 9.73 9.28 0.622 18.04 17.90 0.916 5.87 5.66 0.718
California 10.43 10.47 0.909 11.91 12.14 0.724 23.10 24.09 0.298 7.82 7.70 0.800
Colorado 13.48 13.39 0.901 12.63 13.24 0.593 29.88 30.50 0.697 10.75 10.45 0.722
Connecticut 9.52 9.10 0.390 10.54 10.33 0.828 26.07 24.37 0.284 6.70 6.48 0.713
Delaware 8.48 8.99 0.304 11.33 11.25 0.941 23.45 24.26 0.619 5.67 6.18 0.400
District of Columbia 12.28b 13.56 0.100 13.54 14.52 0.446 24.01 25.51 0.434 9.60 10.78 0.203
Florida 8.42 8.32 0.789 9.77 9.10 0.211 20.02 21.00 0.263 6.52 6.31 0.628
Georgia 7.32a 6.51 0.042 8.91 8.74 0.827 17.84 16.85 0.438 5.26b 4.37 0.063
Hawaii 9.69 8.76 0.163 10.33 10.95 0.582 23.44a 20.12 0.039 7.43 6.76 0.412
Idaho 9.56 9.36 0.705 10.06 10.17 0.903 20.56 19.25 0.314 7.48 7.42 0.921
Illinois 8.35 8.55 0.525 10.18 9.69 0.428 22.07 22.32 0.769 5.64 6.00 0.361
Indiana 8.44 8.98 0.282 9.66 9.13 0.568 20.56 21.95 0.287 6.18 6.66 0.461
Iowa 5.82 6.38 0.141 9.72 8.58 0.201 15.51b 17.50 0.095 3.60 4.11 0.266
Kansas 7.07 6.71 0.365 9.24 8.41 0.296 17.43 16.91 0.651 4.81 4.58 0.634
Kentucky 7.01 6.94 0.879 8.39 8.53 0.865 17.91 17.74 0.885 5.10 4.97 0.799
Louisiana 7.52 6.80 0.101 7.95 8.14 0.800 19.87a 16.91 0.015 5.11 4.72 0.479
Maine 11.79a 9.60 0.002 10.79 10.48 0.742 31.36a 26.31 0.003 9.11a 7.09 0.015
Maryland 8.11b 7.40 0.097 10.12 8.91 0.175 21.44 20.26 0.409 5.61 5.07 0.290
Massachusetts 12.12 11.55 0.359 12.42 12.94 0.612 31.15 30.23 0.569 8.71 8.11 0.422
Michigan 10.37 10.71 0.351 10.64 10.95 0.585 22.70 23.30 0.492 8.21 8.51 0.529
Minnesota 6.97a 8.20 0.008 8.14 9.30 0.212 18.60a 21.36 0.041 4.83b 5.84 0.074
Mississippi 6.95a 8.15 0.007 9.26 9.59 0.713 16.67 18.62 0.129 4.81a 6.00 0.038
Missouri 7.70 7.30 0.378 8.55 9.20 0.433 20.12 20.61 0.726 5.50 4.79 0.191
Montana 10.77a 12.04 0.046 11.66 12.66 0.355 25.61 27.39 0.223 8.08 9.32 0.110
Nebraska 7.01 6.66 0.406 8.27 7.83 0.564 17.61 16.19 0.211 4.80 4.74 0.905
Nevada 9.70 9.93 0.710 11.33 11.61 0.812 22.23 22.69 0.756 7.56 7.68 0.877
New Hampshire 12.15b 10.95 0.058 13.17 12.83 0.741 31.96 30.77 0.460 8.89b 7.57 0.087
New Jersey 7.33 7.98 0.127 8.83 9.99 0.194 20.28 21.92 0.288 5.14 5.62 0.338
New Mexico 10.07 10.59 0.458 12.36 12.13 0.849 22.69 24.83 0.156 7.47 7.85 0.648
New York 9.82 9.29 0.154 10.86 10.22 0.286 24.39a 22.04 0.020 7.12 6.96 0.727
North Carolina 8.88 8.86 0.975 9.79 10.33 0.574 22.23 24.05 0.215 6.54 6.15 0.488
North Dakota 5.30 5.53 0.609 7.45 6.98 0.573 11.98 13.04 0.328 3.51 3.68 0.755
Ohio 7.87a 8.50 0.047 10.33 9.77 0.304 20.86 21.23 0.658 5.44a 6.25 0.037
Oklahoma 9.66 9.02 0.335 9.99 10.11 0.901 21.82b 19.36 0.093 7.38 6.99 0.648
Oregon 12.63 13.10 0.548 12.86 12.69 0.865 28.03 28.43 0.805 10.13 10.66 0.575
Pennsylvania 7.99 8.07 0.796 9.51 9.27 0.679 21.70 20.52 0.175 5.55 5.86 0.434
Rhode Island 13.21b 14.52 0.077 12.85 13.39 0.649 32.35 34.15 0.322 9.64 10.91 0.180
South Carolina 8.88a 7.41 0.005 8.70 8.83 0.873 21.11a 17.98 0.023 6.87a 5.45 0.027
South Dakota 6.07 5.95 0.782 8.62 8.12 0.607 15.03 14.20 0.498 4.12 4.20 0.873
Tennessee 7.07 7.62 0.217 8.31 8.92 0.447 17.60 18.75 0.371 5.27 5.65 0.486
Texas 7.32 7.15 0.513 9.09 9.06 0.955 17.98 17.40 0.485 5.03 4.92 0.731
Utah 5.60b 4.96 0.084 6.89 5.94 0.171 12.14 10.51 0.135 3.80 3.49 0.519
Vermont 13.73b 15.29 0.064 12.80a 15.45 0.035 35.09 35.02 0.965 10.15 11.80 0.116
Virginia 7.53 7.98 0.270 9.13 9.45 0.714 19.68 21.02 0.310 5.22 5.53 0.534
Washington 10.82b 11.92 0.053 10.81b 12.53 0.095 26.07a 29.01 0.047 8.32 9.01 0.334
West Virginia 8.40 8.04 0.463 9.36 10.08 0.443 22.12 22.08 0.976 6.22 5.67 0.346
Wisconsin 7.77 7.77 0.995 10.04 9.34 0.428 19.95 18.85 0.367 5.37 5.67 0.599
Wyoming 7.07 7.13 0.907 10.46a 8.46 0.032 18.14 16.31 0.168 4.63 5.31 0.298
121001
Table 2 – Marijuana Use in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2009-2010)		 12+
(2010-2011)		 12+
(P Value)		 12-17
(2009-2010)		 12-17
(2010-2011)		 12-17
(P Value)		 18-25
(2009-2010)		 18-25
(2010-2011)		 18-25
(P Value)		 26+
(2009-2010)		 26+
(2010-2011)		 26+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2009-2010 and the 2010-2011 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
a Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2009, 2010, and 2011 (2009 and 2010 Data – Revised March 2012).
Total U.S. 11.47 11.55 0.600 13.84 14.13 0.221 30.39 30.38 0.973 7.88 7.95 0.664
Northeast 12.87 12.55 0.161 14.77 14.77 0.994 35.60a 34.06 0.022 8.81 8.68 0.640
Midwest 10.79 11.00 0.207 13.04 13.00 0.900 29.66 30.05 0.452 7.21 7.44 0.267
South 9.94 9.97 0.872 12.60 12.79 0.518 26.58 26.95 0.461 6.75 6.68 0.735
West 13.44 13.79 0.187 15.81b 16.75 0.071 32.87 33.17 0.683 9.59 9.90 0.346
Alabama 9.01 9.03 0.978 10.80 11.36 0.538 22.93 22.69 0.865 6.40 6.34 0.921
Alaska 17.51 17.65 0.871 16.11 17.26 0.369 36.77 37.79 0.555 13.92 13.78 0.894
Arizona 11.26 11.58 0.569 15.01 15.77 0.516 27.76 27.74 0.989 7.98 8.29 0.649
Arkansas 9.38 9.27 0.814 11.89 11.70 0.843 23.77 24.25 0.737 6.69 6.43 0.660
California 13.74 14.03 0.488 15.88 16.93 0.199 32.87 33.11 0.830 9.81 10.07 0.611
Colorado 16.93 16.23 0.324 19.05 19.11 0.972 40.92 41.29 0.838 12.54 11.54 0.244
Connecticut 13.79 13.39 0.540 16.77 16.25 0.692 39.03 36.94 0.267 9.31 9.23 0.917
Delaware 12.42 13.25 0.180 16.71 16.48 0.853 35.65 36.95 0.464 8.09 8.91 0.266
District of Columbia 16.14a 18.48 0.011 16.66 18.23 0.229 34.39 36.90 0.211 12.08a 14.33 0.033
Florida 10.76 10.99 0.554 14.10 13.80 0.629 28.67a 31.19 0.010 7.70 7.61 0.849
Georgia 10.44a 9.48 0.050 13.25 12.62 0.517 26.24 24.80 0.357 7.29b 6.32 0.089
Hawaii 11.62 11.86 0.716 13.86 14.95 0.436 31.46 29.53 0.280 8.22 8.79 0.469
Idaho 12.30 11.50 0.179 13.96 14.06 0.921 29.75a 25.92 0.016 8.89 8.48 0.560
Illinois 11.27 11.40 0.705 13.40 13.08 0.594 31.15 31.68 0.589 7.40 7.64 0.571
Indiana 10.18 10.29 0.823 12.38 11.30 0.257 28.29 28.63 0.825 6.76 6.90 0.816
Iowa 8.86b 9.89 0.055 13.13 12.91 0.836 24.46a 27.87 0.033 5.53 6.29 0.221
Kansas 9.71 9.56 0.755 12.59 13.20 0.572 26.91 26.63 0.849 6.04 5.87 0.753
Kentucky 8.10 8.80 0.106 11.19 12.16 0.321 22.88 23.64 0.614 5.37 5.94 0.256
Louisiana 8.73 8.58 0.758 10.55 10.85 0.722 24.09 21.98 0.114 5.55 5.77 0.705
Maine 14.68 14.13 0.461 15.28 15.87 0.620 41.89a 37.55 0.019 10.76 10.57 0.820
Maryland 10.09 9.96 0.816 13.72 13.15 0.625 30.94 31.36 0.827 6.12 6.01 0.852
Massachusetts 16.73 15.89 0.230 17.38 18.31 0.478 44.29 42.33 0.296 11.77 10.98 0.337
Michigan 13.05 13.20 0.703 14.30 14.29 0.989 32.59 33.35 0.421 9.53 9.58 0.917
Minnesota 10.61 10.93 0.507 11.90 13.19 0.193 30.02 32.04 0.222 7.11 7.09 0.973
Mississippi 8.50a 9.76 0.007 10.65 11.94 0.176 21.70b 24.09 0.081 5.73b 6.78 0.063
Missouri 10.23 10.09 0.779 12.15 13.07 0.348 27.60 27.65 0.970 7.06 6.71 0.566
Montana 14.61a 16.35 0.010 16.83a 20.12 0.016 37.60 38.73 0.531 10.35a 12.07 0.032
Nebraska 9.55 9.20 0.455 10.81 11.13 0.724 26.28 25.00 0.382 6.16 6.01 0.794
Nevada 11.25a 12.75 0.017 15.02 17.16 0.128 28.03a 31.87 0.040 8.19 9.15 0.188
New Hampshire 15.26b 14.07 0.080 18.45 18.51 0.960 41.74 41.35 0.821 10.70b 9.20 0.073
New Jersey 10.62 10.73 0.817 13.61 14.40 0.458 31.78 31.79 0.993 7.00 7.10 0.852
New Mexico 12.50 13.29 0.204 18.12 18.66 0.691 31.97 33.94 0.291 8.21 8.92 0.328
New York 13.00 12.47 0.187 14.32 13.95 0.603 34.56a 31.68 0.006 9.03 8.95 0.862
North Carolina 10.67 11.15 0.344 12.38b 14.33 0.076 30.26 32.69 0.113 7.19 7.17 0.972
North Dakota 8.35 8.91 0.252 9.84 11.05 0.230 22.55 24.50 0.174 4.89 5.17 0.604
Ohio 10.37a 11.50 0.001 13.13 13.48 0.583 30.67 31.40 0.445 6.71a 7.99 0.003
Oklahoma 11.09b 10.15 0.100 13.92 13.60 0.775 27.95a 24.71 0.042 7.62 7.03 0.381
Oregon 15.79 16.01 0.768 19.53 18.63 0.459 38.90 39.19 0.877 11.66 11.96 0.731
Pennsylvania 10.97 10.82 0.705 13.62 12.94 0.311 31.43 31.16 0.803 7.29 7.19 0.832
Rhode Island 16.10a 17.85 0.015 17.03 18.49 0.283 42.69 44.77 0.277 10.98b 12.64 0.059
South Carolina 10.52 10.66 0.808 12.07 13.59 0.135 28.75 27.57 0.460 7.31 7.45 0.834
South Dakota 8.79 8.32 0.310 11.22 11.53 0.777 25.66 23.75 0.223 5.40 5.15 0.642
Tennessee 9.49 9.36 0.795 11.08 11.47 0.663 25.96 24.70 0.393 6.71 6.62 0.880
Texas 9.19 9.28 0.744 12.38 12.33 0.934 23.83 24.21 0.666 5.93 6.00 0.858
Utah 6.94 7.06 0.801 9.27 9.56 0.751 18.52 18.25 0.857 3.70 3.97 0.600
Vermont 16.99a 18.76 0.025 17.88a 20.82 0.033 46.35 46.82 0.793 11.83b 13.60 0.066
Virginia 10.35 9.98 0.438 13.10 12.88 0.820 29.32 28.92 0.801 6.71 6.33 0.489
Washington 13.98b 15.10 0.093 15.32b 17.48 0.087 38.50 38.71 0.895 9.81 10.90 0.177
West Virginia 10.28 10.37 0.873 12.36 13.61 0.243 27.49 28.79 0.407 7.47 7.20 0.667
Wisconsin 10.50b 9.57 0.059 13.94 12.18 0.108 29.61b 26.81 0.068 6.75 6.27 0.416
Wyoming 9.27 9.64 0.524 13.83 13.11 0.523 25.60 26.31 0.676 5.72 6.21 0.463
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Table 3 – Marijuana Use in the Past Month, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2009-2010)		 12+
(2010-2011)		 12+
(P Value)		 12-17
(2009-2010)		 12-17
(2010-2011)		 12-17
(P Value)		 18-25
(2009-2010)		 18-25
(2010-2011)		 18-25
(P Value)		 26+
(2009-2010)		 26+
(2010-2011)		 26+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2009-2010 and the 2010-2011 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
a Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2009, 2010, and 2011 (2009 and 2010 Data – Revised March 2012).
Total U.S. 6.77 6.94 0.143 7.38 7.64 0.130 18.39 18.78 0.144 4.68 4.80 0.356
Northeast 7.55 7.45 0.599 8.43 8.49 0.822 21.98 21.33 0.285 5.01 5.00 0.965
Midwest 6.34a 6.62 0.039 7.13 7.10 0.914 17.55 18.14 0.205 4.28 4.55 0.102
South 5.73 5.83 0.473 6.44 6.63 0.390 16.18 16.40 0.606 3.85 3.90 0.792
West 8.21a 8.61 0.048 8.32a 9.09 0.034 19.80a 21.09 0.032 6.09 6.30 0.411
Alabama 4.94 5.20 0.418 5.75 6.29 0.458 13.90 13.87 0.979 3.30 3.54 0.516
Alaska 11.84 11.43 0.570 8.64 8.82 0.847 24.46 24.31 0.926 9.82 9.29 0.562
Arizona 6.52 7.02 0.229 7.58 8.23 0.483 15.95 17.03 0.405 4.78 5.15 0.468
Arkansas 5.47 5.09 0.283 6.38 6.07 0.698 13.88 13.82 0.954 3.96 3.49 0.276
California 8.23 8.61 0.225 8.60 9.43 0.144 19.94 21.25 0.133 5.96 6.14 0.651
Colorado 11.29 10.98 0.584 9.91 10.72 0.476 26.35 27.26 0.587 8.86 8.19 0.334
Connecticut 7.69 7.25 0.307 8.86 8.59 0.779 23.56 21.92 0.285 4.96 4.71 0.631
Delaware 6.98 7.01 0.940 8.49 8.28 0.817 21.05 21.43 0.807 4.48 4.45 0.955
District of Columbia 10.04b 11.15 0.094 9.31 10.60 0.235 21.14 23.08 0.307 7.67 8.50 0.273
Florida 6.10 6.36 0.331 6.92 6.81 0.826 17.22a 18.78 0.046 4.33 4.43 0.774
Georgia 5.50b 4.97 0.100 6.42 6.51 0.903 14.91 14.19 0.528 3.73 3.12 0.113
Hawaii 7.88b 6.93 0.084 7.90 8.29 0.703 19.89 17.58 0.121 5.97 5.13 0.206
Idaho 7.29 7.13 0.732 7.63 7.47 0.851 16.49 15.67 0.471 5.56 5.51 0.934
Illinois 6.50 6.87 0.147 7.53 7.61 0.880 18.79 19.56 0.332 4.15 4.55 0.194
Indiana 6.10 6.52 0.277 6.68 6.51 0.831 17.50 18.22 0.562 4.05 4.44 0.419
Iowa 4.92 5.18 0.461 6.94 6.08 0.280 14.27 15.51 0.243 2.99 3.21 0.616
Kansas 5.33 5.44 0.730 6.42 6.31 0.883 14.07 14.42 0.740 3.52 3.64 0.762
Kentucky 4.58b 5.08 0.083 5.44 6.36 0.198 14.26 15.08 0.466 2.93 3.27 0.311
Louisiana 5.19 4.84 0.287 5.28 5.48 0.735 15.76a 13.49 0.032 3.17 3.14 0.947
Maine 9.77a 8.05 0.003 8.94 9.14 0.826 27.34a 23.75 0.021 7.36a 5.66 0.015
Maryland 6.11 5.55 0.110 7.07 6.12 0.268 19.01 17.77 0.357 3.81 3.44 0.364
Massachusetts 10.11 9.96 0.771 10.27 11.32 0.320 27.98 28.42 0.778 6.92 6.56 0.548
Michigan 8.43 8.67 0.457 8.09 8.21 0.820 20.06 20.94 0.300 6.47 6.62 0.721
Minnesota 5.93 6.44 0.176 6.09 6.83 0.352 16.76 18.73 0.136 4.05 4.32 0.539
Mississippi 4.69a 5.91 0.000 5.22 6.27 0.133 12.57a 15.06 0.030 3.15a 4.16 0.017
Missouri 6.13 6.04 0.811 6.42 7.28 0.270 17.44 18.31 0.501 4.18 3.79 0.357
Montana 9.24a 10.32 0.044 9.61 10.40 0.434 22.71 24.66 0.139 6.84 7.84 0.142
Nebraska 5.88 5.57 0.370 6.30 6.16 0.839 15.44 13.81 0.125 3.98 3.96 0.965
Nevada 7.01 7.64 0.154 7.61 8.53 0.361 18.16 19.68 0.269 5.22 5.61 0.474
New Hampshire 9.96a 8.66 0.014 11.51 11.35 0.890 28.29 27.03 0.424 6.88a 5.42 0.024
New Jersey 5.66a 6.40 0.021 7.21 8.01 0.341 17.95 19.54 0.268 3.58b 4.22 0.079
New Mexico 7.73 8.29 0.232 9.34 9.27 0.951 19.25 21.27 0.144 5.41 5.85 0.459
New York 7.75 7.40 0.260 8.58 8.08 0.336 21.46b 19.85 0.080 5.22 5.15 0.849
North Carolina 7.07 7.34 0.441 7.10 8.03 0.267 19.72 21.65 0.139 4.96 4.87 0.843
North Dakota 4.10 4.54 0.165 4.40 4.78 0.586 9.98 11.30 0.143 2.71 3.00 0.470
Ohio 6.03b 6.47 0.083 7.61 7.10 0.314 18.34 18.30 0.956 3.81a 4.45 0.042
Oklahoma 6.90 6.58 0.455 7.17 7.20 0.970 17.36b 15.15 0.076 4.94 4.92 0.977
Oregon 10.21 10.98 0.240 9.46 10.26 0.412 23.88 25.35 0.349 8.11 8.73 0.437
Pennsylvania 6.17 6.12 0.865 7.40 7.17 0.636 19.18 18.28 0.304 3.88 3.98 0.758
Rhode Island 10.80a 11.93 0.044 9.63 11.07 0.205 29.83 32.05 0.190 7.34 8.20 0.201
South Carolina 5.99 5.94 0.889 5.74 6.37 0.375 17.59 16.02 0.215 4.10 4.18 0.852
South Dakota 4.92 5.05 0.727 5.51 5.76 0.737 13.31 12.96 0.743 3.32 3.54 0.617
Tennessee 4.67a 5.44 0.019 5.34 6.24 0.178 14.17 14.98 0.485 3.09b 3.79 0.079
Texas 5.40 5.47 0.753 6.49 6.32 0.712 14.74 14.70 0.953 3.46 3.59 0.649
Utah 3.11b 3.56 0.095 3.68 3.72 0.939 7.74 8.31 0.502 1.90 2.41 0.138
Vermont 11.57a 13.12 0.026 10.65a 14.04 0.004 32.01 33.18 0.478 8.15 9.48 0.108
Virginia 5.85 5.93 0.825 6.74 7.22 0.543 17.40 17.87 0.714 3.73 3.69 0.912
Washington 8.86a 9.88 0.029 8.01b 9.59 0.091 22.74b 25.56 0.052 6.69 7.32 0.261
West Virginia 5.99 5.98 0.979 6.14 7.33 0.148 18.89 19.69 0.543 4.03 3.74 0.448
Wisconsin 5.67 5.76 0.812 6.87 6.36 0.531 15.81 15.57 0.838 3.76 3.99 0.604
Wyoming 5.37 5.13 0.577 7.07a 5.29 0.041 15.26 14.14 0.367 3.35 3.48 0.811
121001
Table 4 – Perceptions of Great Risk of Smoking Marijuana Once a Month, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2009-2010)		 12+
(2010-2011)		 12+
(P Value)		 12-17
(2009-2010)		 12-17
(2010-2011)		 12-17
(P Value)		 18-25
(2009-2010)		 18-25
(2010-2011)		 18-25
(P Value)		 26+
(2009-2010)		 26+
(2010-2011)		 26+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2009-2010 and the 2010-2011 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
a Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2009, 2010, and 2011 (2009 and 2010 Data – Revised March 2012).
Total U.S. 33.57a 32.32 0.000 29.93a 28.58 0.000 19.24a 18.29 0.001 36.52a 35.23 0.000
Northeast 31.35b 30.60 0.100 26.17b 25.25 0.066 16.00 15.80 0.668 34.55 33.71 0.146
Midwest 31.95a 31.10 0.011 31.09a 29.30 0.000 17.48 17.02 0.225 34.59b 33.77 0.052
South 37.98a 36.08 0.000 32.77a 31.64 0.010 22.15a 21.05 0.009 41.35a 39.23 0.000
West 29.89a 28.86 0.031 27.27a 25.60 0.004 18.88a 17.09 0.001 32.24 31.42 0.173
Alabama 41.00a 38.38 0.024 40.12 38.29 0.217 28.46a 24.56 0.010 43.26b 40.81 0.099
Alaska 24.37a 22.26 0.044 25.56 24.82 0.661 14.70b 12.46 0.066 26.10b 23.81 0.091
Arizona 31.99b 29.94 0.079 27.03 25.92 0.430 21.41a 17.74 0.008 34.42 32.54 0.208
Arkansas 37.94a 34.93 0.013 34.01 32.94 0.475 21.21 20.15 0.411 41.20a 37.68 0.021
California 31.22 30.53 0.326 26.14b 24.65 0.085 20.22a 18.45 0.037 34.01 33.58 0.635
Colorado 22.32 21.00 0.218 23.10 21.09 0.134 13.21a 10.90 0.026 23.80 22.75 0.435
Connecticut 31.35a 29.08 0.050 23.45b 20.79 0.096 15.41a 13.26 0.050 34.91 32.65 0.122
Delaware 30.69 29.77 0.443 28.07 26.33 0.206 15.46 15.18 0.803 33.51 32.61 0.550
District of Columbia 26.77 25.47 0.238 24.44 22.21 0.211 15.44b 13.32 0.067 29.47 28.49 0.488
Florida 40.76a 38.60 0.003 31.86 30.66 0.164 21.77b 20.27 0.068 44.57a 42.24 0.011
Georgia 35.37 34.79 0.604 30.20 32.29 0.144 21.30 22.13 0.561 38.54 37.39 0.429
Hawaii 31.75 30.73 0.420 26.38 24.74 0.264 18.90a 15.80 0.022 34.38 33.69 0.665
Idaho 33.15a 30.75 0.024 32.33 29.98 0.125 20.91 19.00 0.139 35.50b 33.03 0.078
Illinois 32.81 31.99 0.231 29.72 28.64 0.195 18.69 17.83 0.284 35.76 34.90 0.319
Indiana 33.20 32.09 0.306 34.29b 31.46 0.051 17.84 18.17 0.786 35.72 34.64 0.437
Iowa 33.24 34.48 0.272 33.37 33.43 0.965 17.70 19.00 0.310 36.03 37.39 0.342
Kansas 34.85a 31.57 0.005 31.61 29.60 0.148 17.94 17.20 0.512 38.51a 34.54 0.009
Kentucky 38.14 37.56 0.635 39.48 38.56 0.552 24.10 24.79 0.615 40.22 39.55 0.667
Louisiana 40.54 40.97 0.715 35.14 35.23 0.949 24.59 25.19 0.632 44.31 44.69 0.805
Maine 25.13 24.07 0.342 26.52 24.40 0.134 12.79 12.34 0.688 26.74 25.72 0.461
Maryland 33.01 32.53 0.705 26.54 26.08 0.742 16.80 16.90 0.935 36.55 35.92 0.701
Massachusetts 24.96 24.19 0.467 20.44 20.49 0.966 11.03 12.26 0.227 27.95 26.71 0.362
Michigan 29.36 28.52 0.223 28.40a 26.11 0.006 16.21b 15.07 0.092 31.75 31.16 0.497
Minnesota 27.72 28.68 0.363 28.73 29.08 0.791 15.82 14.84 0.378 29.65 30.97 0.322
Mississippi 45.18a 41.82 0.005 41.61 40.70 0.548 27.86 27.26 0.700 48.92a 44.70 0.006
Missouri 34.16 32.74 0.193 31.67a 27.46 0.003 19.19 19.14 0.971 36.99 35.72 0.360
Montana 27.58a 24.32 0.004 26.18a 23.20 0.021 13.20 12.35 0.401 30.24a 26.51 0.008
Nebraska 34.47a 32.23 0.037 36.34b 33.52 0.054 17.72 18.05 0.777 37.46a 34.71 0.048
Nevada 31.64a 28.11 0.004 29.66a 25.34 0.004 19.31a 15.43 0.003 33.79a 30.49 0.033
New Hampshire 24.05 23.25 0.467 22.33 20.82 0.241 10.99 9.93 0.242 26.32 25.65 0.632
New Jersey 34.07 32.84 0.328 26.87 25.87 0.424 17.03 15.31 0.150 37.57 36.35 0.435
New Mexico 36.17a 33.40 0.030 26.49 25.23 0.382 19.16 17.11 0.106 40.53b 37.35 0.052
New York 32.77 32.57 0.793 26.59 26.37 0.800 17.92 17.85 0.932 36.14 35.86 0.779
North Carolina 33.32 31.67 0.134 27.56 27.34 0.873 19.21 17.60 0.190 36.37 34.54 0.195
North Dakota 35.80 34.12 0.129 35.51 36.34 0.601 20.10 20.00 0.937 39.48b 37.04 0.094
Ohio 32.47 31.44 0.163 31.33a 29.39 0.023 17.18 16.53 0.361 35.11 34.14 0.306
Oklahoma 36.43 35.30 0.372 33.30 32.08 0.433 20.60 20.35 0.856 39.76 38.45 0.422
Oregon 22.71 21.23 0.163 24.28 23.15 0.371 11.75 11.64 0.917 24.29 22.57 0.196
Pennsylvania 32.93 32.05 0.216 29.41b 27.70 0.052 16.62 17.05 0.571 36.03 35.05 0.284
Rhode Island 26.90 26.07 0.450 24.53a 21.56 0.022 12.09 11.38 0.494 29.97 29.40 0.683
South Carolina 38.58 37.37 0.362 30.94 29.96 0.462 20.86 20.53 0.799 42.44 41.09 0.421
South Dakota 35.85a 33.34 0.031 34.30 33.31 0.506 18.54 19.50 0.496 39.21a 35.83 0.022
Tennessee 37.04a 34.32 0.022 31.96 30.88 0.434 18.65 19.19 0.665 40.53a 37.19 0.026
Texas 40.40a 37.31 0.000 35.65a 32.87 0.004 25.32a 22.46 0.001 43.96a 40.79 0.001
Utah 37.59 39.38 0.138 44.80 44.34 0.803 25.32 27.31 0.221 39.42 41.44 0.213
Vermont 22.73 23.79 0.328 23.35 25.11 0.192 10.51 11.22 0.443 24.77 25.87 0.422
Virginia 32.65 31.31 0.256 26.95 25.82 0.353 18.40 18.70 0.812 35.82 34.16 0.274
Washington 24.31 24.11 0.844 28.04a 25.11 0.022 13.77 12.44 0.198 25.59 25.92 0.805
West Virginia 39.95a 37.09 0.023 35.75a 32.65 0.027 21.16 20.35 0.530 43.22a 40.12 0.047
Wisconsin 29.91 29.28 0.573 32.53 31.14 0.356 15.91 15.68 0.822 32.04 31.41 0.663
Wyoming 33.76 32.33 0.236 36.98 36.54 0.825 20.06 18.10 0.150 35.88 34.41 0.338
121001
Table 5 – First Use of Marijuana, by Age Group and State: Average Annual Rates and P Values from Tests of Differences between Rates, 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2009-2010)		 12+
(2010-2011)		 12+
(P Value)		 12-17
(2009-2010)		 12-17
(2010-2011)		 12-17
(P Value)		 18-25
(2009-2010)		 18-25
(2010-2011)		 18-25
(P Value)		 26+
(2009-2010)		 26+
(2010-2011)		 26+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2009-2010 and the 2010-2011 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
NOTE: Average annual marijuana initiation rate = 100 * {[X1 ÷ (0.5 × X1 + X2)] ÷ 2} where X1 is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X2 is the number of persons who never used marijuana. Both of the computation components, X1 and X2, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. Note that the age group is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use.
a Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2009, 2010, and 2011 (2009 and 2010 Data – Revised March 2012).
Total U.S. 1.82 1.87 0.169 5.93 6.06 0.267 7.29 7.34 0.815 0.16 0.18 0.151
Northeast 1.94 1.95 0.986 6.24 6.28 0.789 8.43 8.12 0.320 0.15 0.18 0.227
Midwest 1.83 1.81 0.552 5.71 5.66 0.664 7.46 7.18 0.218 0.14 0.16 0.257
South 1.62 1.67 0.124 5.34 5.50 0.214 6.58 6.60 0.931 0.14 0.17 0.307
West 2.07a 2.21 0.018 6.82b 7.19 0.091 7.49a 8.16 0.049 0.20 0.23 0.250
Alabama 1.42 1.39 0.701 4.54 4.48 0.848 5.74 5.55 0.743 0.13 0.15 0.552
Alaska 2.57a 2.88 0.040 6.87 7.58 0.176 8.16 8.87 0.412 0.24b 0.33 0.083
Arizona 1.79b 1.97 0.072 6.33 6.55 0.659 6.35 7.21 0.204 0.17 0.20 0.299
Arkansas 1.49 1.51 0.873 5.00 4.82 0.631 6.25 5.92 0.602 0.14 0.16 0.371
California 2.09b 2.25 0.052 6.88 7.31 0.191 7.40b 8.31 0.076 0.20 0.23 0.350
Colorado 2.78 2.75 0.888 9.31 9.20 0.868 9.61 10.32 0.502 0.21 0.25 0.412
Connecticut 2.27a 2.04 0.031 7.23 6.62 0.203 10.51 9.04 0.110 0.15 0.17 0.453
Delaware 2.19 2.29 0.434 7.25 7.29 0.935 9.24 9.93 0.436 0.14 0.21 0.109
District of Columbia 2.44a 2.98 0.003 7.53 8.28 0.189 9.44b 11.25 0.073 0.20b 0.33 0.069
Florida 1.46 1.50 0.481 5.69 5.44 0.345 6.40 7.04 0.116 0.14 0.15 0.603
Georgia 1.88 1.76 0.209 6.09 6.06 0.940 6.58b 5.57 0.099 0.15 0.18 0.404
Hawaii 1.87 2.01 0.288 6.85 7.39 0.398 8.24 8.43 0.817 0.21 0.29 0.226
Idaho 1.97 1.93 0.677 5.71 5.68 0.934 7.52 6.79 0.285 0.16 0.18 0.535
Illinois 1.84 1.85 0.807 5.67 5.80 0.624 7.69 7.56 0.788 0.14 0.18 0.155
Indiana 1.73 1.73 1.000 5.64 5.20 0.315 7.02 7.28 0.713 0.13 0.15 0.575
Iowa 1.79 1.75 0.734 5.97 5.60 0.382 7.04 7.20 0.827 0.13 0.15 0.521
Kansas 1.71 1.85 0.165 5.61 6.09 0.280 6.48 6.59 0.871 0.14 0.17 0.338
Kentucky 1.50 1.52 0.776 5.15 5.47 0.435 6.18 5.71 0.389 0.15 0.16 0.778
Louisiana 1.36 1.42 0.440 4.11 4.55 0.180 5.59 5.32 0.628 0.14 0.15 0.777
Maine 1.82b 2.02 0.055 5.93 6.47 0.203 9.05 9.18 0.887 0.16 0.19 0.268
Maryland 1.83 1.71 0.233 5.59 5.76 0.699 8.01b 6.61 0.069 0.12 0.16 0.219
Massachusetts 2.45 2.50 0.685 8.02 8.21 0.732 9.82 9.81 0.986 0.18 0.23 0.227
Michigan 2.19 2.14 0.588 6.04 6.05 0.960 8.93 8.48 0.350 0.15 0.18 0.258
Minnesota 1.85 1.83 0.830 5.42 5.90 0.253 7.65 7.12 0.463 0.14 0.17 0.283
Mississippi 1.38 1.46 0.343 4.16a 4.87 0.049 5.29 5.02 0.592 0.13 0.16 0.447
Missouri 1.66 1.58 0.343 5.61 5.76 0.700 6.50 5.52 0.135 0.14 0.16 0.523
Montana 2.53b 2.80 0.051 7.53a 9.20 0.003 11.68 11.48 0.820 0.18 0.24 0.140
Nebraska 1.55 1.59 0.671 4.52 4.65 0.713 6.44 6.47 0.971 0.13 0.16 0.316
Nevada 1.80a 2.12 0.004 6.51 7.22 0.219 6.37a 8.39 0.014 0.18 0.21 0.370
New Hampshire 2.53 2.61 0.577 7.42 8.25 0.124 10.61 10.41 0.822 0.17 0.21 0.319
New Jersey 1.85 1.91 0.591 6.00 6.63 0.160 8.72 8.18 0.522 0.15 0.18 0.266
New Mexico 2.22 2.40 0.123 8.27 8.72 0.455 8.12b 9.59 0.097 0.24 0.26 0.641
New York 1.82 1.78 0.640 5.71 5.65 0.830 7.43 7.14 0.531 0.16 0.19 0.442
North Carolina 1.60a 1.87 0.002 5.36b 6.16 0.055 6.85b 7.98 0.100 0.13 0.16 0.251
North Dakota 1.60 1.72 0.237 4.52 4.92 0.296 6.14 6.60 0.462 0.13 0.14 0.533
Ohio 1.81 1.85 0.579 5.68 5.67 0.964 7.59 7.66 0.862 0.14 0.17 0.310
Oklahoma 1.60 1.63 0.753 5.55 5.48 0.877 6.07 5.88 0.756 0.16 0.19 0.374
Oregon 2.23 2.20 0.796 7.49 7.07 0.379 9.06 9.19 0.884 0.20 0.22 0.481
Pennsylvania 1.79 1.80 0.900 5.81 5.51 0.281 8.27 8.16 0.829 0.13 0.15 0.240
Rhode Island 2.42 2.49 0.601 7.17 7.60 0.431 10.13 10.65 0.593 0.19 0.22 0.439
South Carolina 1.54 1.63 0.291 4.89a 5.77 0.026 7.07 6.48 0.336 0.13 0.15 0.328
South Dakota 1.62 1.60 0.845 4.84 5.27 0.279 7.04 6.31 0.300 0.14 0.15 0.548
Tennessee 1.39 1.50 0.186 4.26 4.79 0.134 6.65 6.23 0.501 0.13 0.16 0.294
Texas 1.75 1.82 0.266 5.48 5.42 0.813 6.48 6.86 0.325 0.16 0.17 0.622
Utah 1.36 1.37 0.907 4.03 4.31 0.483 3.96 3.90 0.905 0.16 0.14 0.492
Vermont 2.70 2.72 0.898 8.21b 9.27 0.079 12.47a 10.02 0.019 0.17 0.23 0.137
Virginia 1.81 1.91 0.366 5.64 5.87 0.576 7.65 7.41 0.740 0.14 0.18 0.144
Washington 2.10 2.23 0.245 6.21b 7.02 0.092 9.37 8.66 0.403 0.19 0.24 0.241
West Virginia 1.42a 1.64 0.008 5.56 6.27 0.114 6.40b 7.64 0.057 0.14 0.16 0.520
Wisconsin 1.82a 1.53 0.003 6.36a 5.06 0.003 7.04b 5.89 0.098 0.13 0.14 0.729
Wyoming 2.03a 1.80 0.030 6.59 5.91 0.149 7.97 6.77 0.125 0.16 0.18 0.530
121001
Table 6 – Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana in the Past Month, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2009-2010)		 12+
(2010-2011)		 12+
(P Value)		 12-17
(2009-2010)		 12-17
(2010-2011)		 12-17
(P Value)		 18-25
(2009-2010)		 18-25
(2010-2011)		 18-25
(P Value)		 26+
(2009-2010)		 26+
(2010-2011)		 26+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2009-2010 and the 2010-2011 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
NOTE: Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically, including data from original methamphetamine questions but not including new methamphetamine items added in 2005 and 2006. See Section B.4.8 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2008 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings.
a Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2009, 2010, and 2011 (2009 and 2010 Data – Revised March 2012).
Total U.S. 3.60a 3.33 0.001 4.52b 4.29 0.076 8.16a 7.45 0.000 2.69a 2.50 0.030
Northeast 3.65a 3.34 0.012 4.02 3.85 0.357 8.96a 7.55 0.000 2.71 2.57 0.351
Midwest 3.31 3.24 0.467 4.49b 4.16 0.052 8.00b 7.56 0.054 2.35 2.38 0.789
South 3.51a 3.18 0.000 4.47b 4.21 0.091 7.60a 6.95 0.003 2.69a 2.40 0.013
West 3.98a 3.65 0.021 4.99 4.87 0.643 8.56 8.03 0.132 3.02b 2.69 0.072
Alabama 3.31 3.19 0.642 4.96 4.55 0.433 7.53 6.68 0.247 2.38 2.41 0.925
Alaska 3.98 3.62 0.276 3.79 3.87 0.866 7.91 7.23 0.400 3.24 2.88 0.397
Arizona 4.31b 3.68 0.055 4.87 5.13 0.651 8.63 7.69 0.283 3.51b 2.81 0.086
Arkansas 4.00 3.93 0.820 5.01 5.17 0.785 8.58 8.52 0.932 3.11 3.00 0.764
California 3.80 3.53 0.191 5.22 5.07 0.709 7.99 7.76 0.658 2.81 2.53 0.271
Colorado 4.17 3.95 0.442 4.63 4.38 0.626 9.75 9.60 0.851 3.16 2.92 0.505
Connecticut 3.77 3.48 0.244 4.16 3.70 0.302 9.07b 7.75 0.100 2.86 2.76 0.733
Delaware 3.66 3.98 0.334 4.69 4.31 0.455 8.75 9.70 0.288 2.70 2.98 0.483
District of Columbia 4.65 4.29 0.311 4.37 4.00 0.466 7.80 6.94 0.293 3.99 3.72 0.550
Florida 3.47a 3.09 0.044 4.47 4.09 0.246 7.13 6.50 0.156 2.81 2.46 0.132
Georgia 3.26a 2.70 0.006 4.01 3.64 0.375 7.23b 5.95 0.051 2.46b 1.99 0.064
Hawaii 3.56 3.07 0.202 4.59 4.29 0.634 7.88 6.71 0.173 2.76 2.37 0.399
Idaho 3.91 3.71 0.472 4.61 4.52 0.861 8.49 7.83 0.350 2.98 2.83 0.685
Illinois 3.27 3.06 0.225 4.62b 4.08 0.080 8.02 7.43 0.223 2.24 2.17 0.727
Indiana 3.45 3.66 0.482 4.77 4.26 0.338 7.91 8.64 0.346 2.51 2.70 0.613
Iowa 2.38 2.61 0.278 4.90 4.26 0.238 5.78 6.33 0.401 1.46 1.74 0.273
Kansas 3.41 3.14 0.232 4.42 4.21 0.689 8.11b 6.88 0.051 2.38 2.30 0.784
Kentucky 3.42b 3.00 0.083 4.62 4.28 0.495 8.17 7.22 0.193 2.52 2.14 0.198
Louisiana 4.14a 3.44 0.010 4.20 4.39 0.681 9.56a 7.70 0.018 3.09b 2.51 0.089
Maine 3.65 3.24 0.136 4.30 3.75 0.215 10.90 9.45 0.140 2.56 2.29 0.416
Maryland 3.20 2.89 0.211 4.25 3.69 0.232 6.44 6.07 0.559 2.52 2.26 0.392
Massachusetts 4.24a 3.38 0.001 4.25 4.00 0.599 11.20a 8.54 0.003 3.00b 2.40 0.061
Michigan 3.77 3.60 0.392 4.41 4.40 0.976 8.53b 7.64 0.058 2.87 2.80 0.796
Minnesota 2.84 3.15 0.166 3.60 3.76 0.709 7.09 7.59 0.453 2.01 2.33 0.265
Mississippi 3.38 3.29 0.701 5.47 4.53 0.109 7.62 6.94 0.337 2.30 2.43 0.680
Missouri 2.99 2.80 0.378 4.15 3.94 0.630 7.46 7.09 0.598 2.09 1.92 0.544
Montana 3.15 3.12 0.918 4.59 4.63 0.942 7.68 7.13 0.407 2.19 2.26 0.813
Nebraska 2.98 2.93 0.806 4.07 3.63 0.360 6.51 6.49 0.972 2.16 2.18 0.959
Nevada 4.70a 3.54 0.001 5.10 4.87 0.684 10.40a 7.52 0.001 3.78a 2.74 0.020
New Hampshire 4.65b 4.04 0.059 4.39 4.23 0.752 12.60a 10.62 0.040 3.42 2.97 0.247
New Jersey 3.33 3.29 0.885 3.56 3.86 0.516 8.26 7.77 0.505 2.54 2.54 0.994
New Mexico 4.00 3.86 0.691 5.48 5.32 0.792 8.74 8.17 0.481 2.94 2.91 0.940
New York 3.70a 3.23 0.027 4.01 3.62 0.168 8.44a 6.57 0.001 2.82 2.60 0.381
North Carolina 3.42 3.04 0.107 4.15 4.06 0.854 7.72 7.14 0.414 2.62 2.23 0.178
North Dakota 2.37 2.28 0.691 4.28 3.46 0.114 5.12 4.77 0.559 1.50 1.59 0.735
Ohio 3.48 3.37 0.553 4.64 4.31 0.295 8.70b 7.88 0.098 2.48 2.52 0.850
Oklahoma 4.57 4.06 0.164 4.60 4.49 0.851 10.43a 8.59 0.038 3.48 3.17 0.504
Oregon 4.38 4.16 0.510 5.52 4.84 0.193 9.95 9.55 0.657 3.35 3.20 0.726
Pennsylvania 3.21 3.24 0.871 4.07 4.09 0.953 7.99 7.46 0.287 2.33 2.44 0.605
Rhode Island 4.75 4.78 0.927 5.05 4.16 0.125 11.24 9.95 0.225 3.48 3.87 0.430
South Carolina 3.90a 3.06 0.002 4.01 3.86 0.726 6.96 6.47 0.458 3.37a 2.39 0.004
South Dakota 2.39 2.61 0.365 4.41 3.95 0.436 5.27 5.89 0.320 1.62 1.86 0.425
Tennessee 3.70 3.66 0.869 4.52 4.74 0.668 8.16 8.98 0.309 2.91 2.67 0.457
Texas 3.26 3.09 0.289 4.67 4.38 0.378 6.87 6.30 0.195 2.37 2.29 0.682
Utah 3.65a 2.91 0.005 3.97 3.46 0.202 7.94a 5.84 0.004 2.54 2.11 0.200
Vermont 4.57 4.45 0.717 4.10 4.47 0.445 12.73 11.35 0.145 3.21 3.23 0.975
Virginia 3.54 3.34 0.413 4.28 3.82 0.270 8.06 7.87 0.792 2.66 2.50 0.566
Washington 4.42 4.23 0.578 4.40 4.74 0.543 10.29 9.90 0.666 3.47 3.23 0.576
West Virginia 4.18a 3.48 0.011 4.57 4.58 0.981 10.61b 9.12 0.073 3.17a 2.50 0.043
Wisconsin 3.71 3.55 0.508 4.87 4.28 0.227 9.68 8.40 0.110 2.53 2.62 0.784
Wyoming 3.27 2.86 0.101 4.98b 4.15 0.094 7.41a 5.81 0.014 2.31 2.18 0.676
121001
Table 7 – Cocaine Use in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2009-2010)		 12+
(2010-2011)		 12+
(P Value)		 12-17
(2009-2010)		 12-17
(2010-2011)		 12-17
(P Value)		 18-25
(2009-2010)		 18-25
(2010-2011)		 18-25
(P Value)		 26+
(2009-2010)		 26+
(2010-2011)		 26+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2009-2010 and the 2010-2011 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
a Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2009, 2010, and 2011 (2009 and 2010 Data – Revised March 2012).
Total U.S. 1.85a 1.64 0.000 0.98 0.95 0.570 5.00a 4.62 0.008 1.41a 1.21 0.002
Northeast 2.26a 1.92 0.000 0.96 0.93 0.714 6.34a 5.27 0.000 1.72a 1.47 0.038
Midwest 1.54b 1.43 0.084 0.93 0.84 0.141 4.27 3.99 0.120 1.14 1.06 0.332
South 1.66a 1.43 0.000 0.89 0.86 0.525 4.25a 3.87 0.023 1.32a 1.08 0.005
West 2.10 1.95 0.122 1.20 1.21 0.904 5.80 5.84 0.897 1.55 1.35 0.101
Alabama 1.04 0.91 0.211 0.67 0.57 0.201 2.61 2.31 0.286 0.81 0.70 0.332
Alaska 2.31b 1.87 0.083 0.88 0.88 0.961 5.90b 4.93 0.081 1.81 1.41 0.232
Arizona 1.95 1.73 0.166 1.11 1.05 0.611 5.62 5.13 0.307 1.44 1.24 0.210
Arkansas 1.14 1.07 0.551 0.85 0.77 0.427 2.84 2.94 0.743 0.90 0.79 0.400
California 2.11 2.03 0.592 1.28 1.32 0.815 5.64 5.83 0.642 1.55 1.42 0.426
Colorado 3.06a 2.51 0.029 1.15 1.30 0.338 8.44 8.87 0.582 2.36a 1.55 0.002
Connecticut 1.69 1.91 0.229 1.04 1.05 0.904 5.13 5.70 0.263 1.21 1.41 0.350
Delaware 1.80 1.83 0.889 0.87 0.87 0.961 4.88 4.85 0.951 1.41 1.44 0.880
District of Columbia 3.13 3.04 0.829 0.38 0.36 0.717 4.26 3.97 0.572 3.13 3.05 0.890
Florida 1.85b 1.61 0.063 0.88 0.88 0.996 5.05 4.89 0.662 1.47b 1.19 0.053
Georgia 1.40a 1.13 0.019 0.68 0.59 0.172 3.42a 2.66 0.012 1.15b 0.93 0.086
Hawaii 1.58 1.60 0.925 0.87 0.84 0.852 4.36 4.00 0.454 1.22 1.31 0.712
Idaho 1.07 0.94 0.176 1.03a 0.73 0.013 3.55 3.04 0.187 0.63 0.58 0.561
Illinois 1.73 1.81 0.543 0.86 0.94 0.447 4.48 4.60 0.739 1.34 1.43 0.556
Indiana 1.16 1.01 0.190 0.90a 0.68 0.039 3.37 3.07 0.419 0.82 0.69 0.259
Iowa 1.02 1.00 0.850 1.12a 0.79 0.007 3.02 2.99 0.914 0.65 0.67 0.841
Kansas 1.58 1.41 0.201 1.07 0.99 0.472 4.56 4.16 0.352 1.08 0.95 0.303
Kentucky 1.26 1.24 0.876 1.05 0.86 0.103 3.71 3.76 0.888 0.89 0.86 0.842
Louisiana 1.65a 1.35 0.049 0.72b 0.58 0.083 3.68b 3.03 0.064 1.39 1.13 0.140
Maine 1.99 1.76 0.177 1.05 1.01 0.719 6.94b 5.81 0.061 1.39 1.25 0.441
Maryland 1.78b 1.52 0.092 0.80b 0.67 0.096 4.28 3.76 0.175 1.48 1.25 0.168
Massachusetts 2.97a 2.12 0.000 0.99 1.08 0.479 8.12a 5.84 0.000 2.28a 1.59 0.007
Michigan 1.66b 1.47 0.091 0.86 0.87 0.918 4.54 4.18 0.234 1.27 1.08 0.151
Minnesota 1.25 1.26 0.904 0.91 0.77 0.187 3.65 3.59 0.865 0.88 0.93 0.682
Mississippi 1.62 1.42 0.185 0.61 0.63 0.776 3.40 2.95 0.165 1.43 1.24 0.291
Missouri 1.69b 1.40 0.051 0.92 0.83 0.381 4.58 4.06 0.217 1.30b 1.01 0.066
Montana 1.84a 1.40 0.002 1.03 1.02 0.926 5.76a 4.44 0.004 1.25a 0.92 0.018
Nebraska 1.39 1.40 0.939 1.02 0.95 0.572 3.89 4.11 0.593 0.96 0.96 0.982
Nevada 2.41a 1.86 0.003 1.06 1.16 0.471 6.59 5.76 0.133 1.93a 1.33 0.001
New Hampshire 2.73a 2.19 0.017 1.08 1.19 0.450 8.63b 7.49 0.092 1.98a 1.46 0.028
New Jersey 2.21 2.07 0.487 0.93 1.00 0.543 5.99 5.80 0.732 1.79 1.64 0.486
New Mexico 2.42b 2.04 0.072 1.29 1.44 0.454 6.75 5.99 0.208 1.77 1.42 0.116
New York 2.25a 1.85 0.008 0.97 0.85 0.255 6.42a 4.79 0.000 1.67 1.45 0.222
North Carolina 1.82 1.64 0.269 0.83 0.90 0.504 4.37 4.42 0.912 1.51 1.26 0.137
North Dakota 0.97 0.89 0.457 1.00a 0.64 0.002 2.69 2.37 0.293 0.58 0.60 0.826
Ohio 1.48 1.46 0.849 0.96a 0.78 0.039 4.12 4.01 0.693 1.11 1.12 0.940
Oklahoma 1.37 1.25 0.341 1.05b 0.84 0.064 4.02 3.65 0.354 0.92 0.86 0.622
Oregon 1.95 2.11 0.397 1.24 1.26 0.877 6.25 7.12 0.144 1.34 1.39 0.788
Pennsylvania 1.96b 1.71 0.091 0.88 0.82 0.574 5.17 4.63 0.174 1.55 1.32 0.175
Rhode Island 2.90 2.58 0.311 1.07 1.10 0.834 7.41 7.10 0.687 2.26 1.89 0.274
South Carolina 2.11a 1.37 0.000 0.68 0.65 0.779 4.14a 3.13 0.013 1.95a 1.16 0.000
South Dakota 1.14 0.96 0.118 0.88b 0.69 0.079 3.27 2.74 0.131 0.78 0.68 0.336
Tennessee 1.22 1.22 0.995 0.91 0.76 0.103 2.99 3.19 0.528 0.98 0.96 0.847
Texas 1.76a 1.52 0.030 1.13 1.16 0.792 4.70 4.25 0.165 1.30b 1.05 0.053
Utah 1.31 1.38 0.588 1.08b 0.87 0.089 3.43 3.78 0.415 0.83 0.91 0.572
Vermont 3.05 2.69 0.140 1.22 1.43 0.248 9.96 9.04 0.254 2.06 1.71 0.174
Virginia 1.84a 1.53 0.028 0.85 0.80 0.596 4.99b 4.23 0.056 1.42b 1.15 0.068
Washington 2.10 1.93 0.375 1.05 1.04 0.885 6.31 6.10 0.713 1.54 1.35 0.339
West Virginia 1.86a 1.39 0.002 0.95 1.01 0.639 5.86a 4.71 0.011 1.36a 0.92 0.006
Wisconsin 2.01a 1.48 0.001 1.00 0.86 0.186 5.93a 4.52 0.004 1.45a 1.04 0.009
Wyoming 1.39 1.16 0.154 0.99b 0.76 0.054 4.50a 3.55 0.025 0.87 0.77 0.633
121001
Table 8 – Nonmedical Use of Pain Relievers in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2009-2010)		 12+
(2010-2011)		 12+
(P Value)		 12-17
(2009-2010)		 12-17
(2010-2011)		 12-17
(P Value)		 18-25
(2009-2010)		 18-25
(2010-2011)		 18-25
(P Value)		 26+
(2009-2010)		 26+
(2010-2011)		 26+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2009-2010 and the 2010-2011 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
a Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2009, 2010, and 2011 (2009 and 2010 Data – Revised March 2012).
Total U.S. 4.89a 4.57 0.001 6.43a 6.09 0.020 11.54a 10.43 0.000 3.53 3.37 0.116
Northeast 4.50a 4.17 0.007 5.41 5.18 0.349 11.99a 10.22 0.000 3.13 3.04 0.536
Midwest 4.80 4.68 0.251 6.58 6.24 0.102 11.99a 11.23 0.006 3.33 3.35 0.858
South 4.77a 4.37 0.000 6.48a 6.06 0.046 11.28a 9.92 0.000 3.44b 3.20 0.055
West 5.45a 5.12 0.045 6.98 6.68 0.330 11.17 10.66 0.178 4.21 3.91 0.142
Alabama 4.62 4.43 0.517 7.29 6.56 0.301 11.08 10.09 0.286 3.18 3.18 0.997
Alaska 5.41 5.32 0.806 6.71 6.89 0.815 11.36 10.69 0.466 4.05 4.06 0.985
Arizona 6.31b 5.66 0.097 7.58 8.04 0.564 12.68 11.49 0.257 5.07 4.36 0.133
Arkansas 5.51 5.55 0.931 7.48 7.81 0.667 12.39 12.89 0.634 4.13 4.02 0.809
California 4.95 4.68 0.228 6.61 6.06 0.216 9.68 9.35 0.563 3.82 3.62 0.450
Colorado 6.23 6.00 0.546 7.23 7.40 0.836 13.51 14.01 0.637 4.86 4.44 0.364
Connecticut 4.12 4.38 0.381 5.00 4.70 0.618 11.08 10.73 0.705 2.88 3.32 0.218
Delaware 5.56 5.61 0.893 6.19 5.95 0.727 13.70 14.26 0.627 4.14 4.13 0.979
District of Columbia 4.29 4.68 0.247 4.67 4.23 0.452 8.23 8.35 0.890 3.39 3.88 0.221
Florida 4.37 4.05 0.142 6.00 5.50 0.206 9.76a 8.59 0.032 3.38 3.21 0.504
Georgia 4.27b 3.79 0.055 6.04 5.37 0.277 10.47b 8.76 0.058 2.95 2.70 0.387
Hawaii 4.22 3.90 0.329 5.35 5.69 0.636 9.25 8.19 0.241 3.30 3.04 0.500
Idaho 6.09 5.73 0.322 7.52 7.15 0.627 13.20 11.98 0.240 4.59 4.37 0.627
Illinois 3.94 4.07 0.516 5.47 5.16 0.459 10.04 10.19 0.799 2.64 2.86 0.354
Indiana 5.73 5.68 0.908 7.57 6.97 0.460 14.75 14.41 0.771 3.93 3.97 0.927
Iowa 3.69 3.62 0.781 6.41 5.81 0.312 9.10 9.12 0.981 2.39 2.37 0.945
Kansas 4.71 4.56 0.605 6.81 6.23 0.386 11.15 10.25 0.287 3.20 3.26 0.849
Kentucky 5.36a 4.48 0.004 7.54 6.67 0.229 13.67a 10.82 0.008 3.78b 3.17 0.096
Louisiana 5.67a 4.87 0.012 6.39 6.46 0.912 13.93a 11.60 0.020 4.00 3.40 0.116
Maine 4.51 4.15 0.282 6.01 5.72 0.621 13.81a 11.29 0.020 3.03 2.96 0.849
Maryland 4.23 3.89 0.233 5.80a 4.63 0.046 10.17 9.13 0.255 3.03 2.93 0.767
Massachusetts 5.07a 4.27 0.007 5.61 4.94 0.263 13.12a 10.65 0.020 3.58 3.07 0.137
Michigan 5.53b 5.11 0.085 6.40 6.35 0.906 13.41a 11.74 0.005 4.06 3.81 0.388
Minnesota 4.09 4.57 0.112 5.73 6.20 0.473 10.79 11.34 0.575 2.74 3.23 0.180
Mississippi 5.10a 4.45 0.035 8.52a 6.86 0.037 11.06 9.59 0.125 3.51 3.16 0.317
Missouri 5.13 4.83 0.277 6.77 6.77 0.995 13.22 11.74 0.132 3.57 3.41 0.651
Montana 5.07 4.84 0.475 7.09 7.62 0.475 12.31b 10.68 0.088 3.58 3.51 0.865
Nebraska 3.91 4.18 0.356 5.61 5.11 0.388 9.38 9.24 0.866 2.64 3.12 0.172
Nevada 5.96 5.62 0.387 7.74 7.79 0.958 13.22 11.94 0.255 4.62 4.34 0.552
New Hampshire 5.38a 4.57 0.011 6.20 6.11 0.889 14.90a 12.31 0.015 3.78 3.16 0.103
New Jersey 4.15 4.14 0.982 4.95 5.14 0.765 11.97 11.00 0.300 2.85 2.98 0.669
New Mexico 5.78 5.45 0.429 8.29 8.60 0.729 11.17 11.22 0.962 4.47 4.02 0.368
New York 4.45a 3.98 0.017 5.26 4.70 0.130 11.55a 8.90 0.000 3.09 3.04 0.819
North Carolina 4.54b 4.00 0.055 6.89 6.28 0.350 10.58b 8.96 0.061 3.25 2.89 0.290
North Dakota 4.11 3.84 0.382 6.66b 5.54 0.068 9.05 7.84 0.144 2.66 2.74 0.816
Ohio 5.48a 5.00 0.022 7.62 7.12 0.245 13.59a 11.84 0.006 3.89 3.61 0.287
Oklahoma 7.01a 5.19 0.000 7.94 7.04 0.292 15.65a 11.11 0.000 5.30a 3.86 0.006
Oregon 6.68 6.37 0.450 7.86 7.36 0.509 14.71 15.00 0.804 5.26 4.86 0.427
Pennsylvania 4.40 4.20 0.354 5.75 6.00 0.583 11.55 10.80 0.225 3.07 2.90 0.509
Rhode Island 5.93a 5.18 0.033 6.29 5.33 0.144 14.64a 12.30 0.048 4.24 3.80 0.278
South Carolina 5.06 4.62 0.170 6.06 5.94 0.859 12.30b 10.67 0.081 3.74 3.44 0.444
South Dakota 3.64 3.69 0.881 6.08 5.55 0.382 8.48 7.78 0.364 2.45 2.72 0.455
Tennessee 4.44b 5.00 0.070 6.19 6.94 0.295 11.90 13.07 0.269 3.05 3.46 0.249
Texas 4.62 4.33 0.158 6.10 6.03 0.869 10.60a 9.21 0.019 3.26 3.16 0.662
Utah 4.92b 4.33 0.097 6.57 5.62 0.128 10.31a 8.23 0.038 3.31 3.18 0.750
Vermont 4.85 5.13 0.390 6.00 6.47 0.452 13.34 13.00 0.722 3.26 3.59 0.399
Virginia 5.13b 4.60 0.070 6.97 5.95 0.123 12.48 11.39 0.252 3.62 3.25 0.286
Washington 6.20 5.75 0.234 7.48 7.44 0.957 14.44 13.40 0.315 4.70 4.28 0.358
West Virginia 5.61a 4.79 0.013 7.25 7.21 0.963 14.39a 12.35 0.039 4.11b 3.38 0.062
Wisconsin 4.56 4.51 0.878 7.12 6.09 0.132 11.64 10.55 0.255 3.01 3.27 0.476
Wyoming 4.56 4.68 0.720 7.05 6.60 0.519 10.61 9.89 0.414 3.15 3.51 0.375
121001
Table 9 – Alcohol Use in the Past Month, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2009-2010)		 12+
(2010-2011)		 12+
(P Value)		 12-17
(2009-2010)		 12-17
(2010-2011)		 12-17
(P Value)		 18-25
(2009-2010)		 18-25
(2010-2011)		 18-25
(P Value)		 26+
(2009-2010)		 26+
(2010-2011)		 26+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2009-2010 and the 2010-2011 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
a Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2009, 2010, and 2011 (2009 and 2010 Data – Revised March 2012).
Total U.S. 51.84 51.79 0.852 14.23a 13.47 0.001 61.59 61.03 0.136 54.88 54.99 0.750
Northeast 57.12 56.93 0.751 16.17 15.89 0.518 67.64 66.64 0.243 60.19 60.12 0.917
Midwest 54.66 54.34 0.519 14.20a 13.41 0.007 64.95 64.26 0.347 57.98 57.78 0.727
South 47.78 48.26 0.327 13.40a 12.44 0.000 57.73 57.80 0.933 50.41 51.11 0.211
West 51.40 50.96 0.453 14.12b 13.39 0.079 59.80 58.89 0.292 54.77 54.43 0.637
Alabama 43.09 43.11 0.984 12.12 11.65 0.567 52.31 51.29 0.565 45.39 45.64 0.865
Alaska 52.81 53.78 0.410 13.67 12.42 0.200 59.18 60.76 0.361 57.10 58.22 0.458
Arizona 48.13 48.68 0.668 13.61 12.72 0.361 55.58 55.42 0.931 51.36 52.21 0.600
Arkansas 41.23 40.83 0.761 14.26 12.98 0.195 54.67a 50.06 0.013 42.43 42.80 0.825
California 50.34 49.80 0.521 13.99 13.67 0.605 60.99 59.28 0.135 53.27 52.90 0.730
Colorado 62.68 61.45 0.309 17.66b 15.48 0.065 69.60 70.39 0.647 66.87 65.42 0.339
Connecticut 59.38 61.34 0.109 17.75 16.80 0.430 68.76 70.93 0.192 62.98 65.31 0.132
Delaware 56.60 54.73 0.156 16.14 14.60 0.133 66.70 66.67 0.983 59.73 57.45 0.167
District of Columbia 61.58 62.93 0.286 14.09 14.16 0.951 71.99 74.76 0.101 63.51 64.26 0.637
Florida 50.70 50.92 0.794 14.36a 12.62 0.004 56.80 57.64 0.454 53.73 54.03 0.769
Georgia 48.05 46.48 0.195 14.20a 11.71 0.007 57.92a 53.86 0.026 50.94 49.89 0.501
Hawaii 47.89 48.16 0.847 12.92 14.22 0.266 59.80 61.85 0.304 49.83 49.76 0.968
Idaho 47.46 49.05 0.215 13.15 12.14 0.307 54.67a 50.66 0.026 50.98b 53.97 0.071
Illinois 54.21 55.04 0.304 13.75 13.33 0.521 66.68 65.05 0.157 57.23 58.70 0.144
Indiana 49.42 50.95 0.208 12.70 11.56 0.202 60.22 61.05 0.632 52.31 54.31 0.203
Iowa 56.27b 54.06 0.070 17.30 15.79 0.161 68.25 66.73 0.355 58.85 56.43 0.115
Kansas 55.54a 51.62 0.002 15.69a 13.26 0.021 63.16 61.83 0.409 59.31a 54.76 0.005
Kentucky 39.06 40.63 0.204 13.02 12.80 0.811 49.56 51.03 0.405 40.49 42.24 0.247
Louisiana 46.83 47.23 0.723 15.07 14.10 0.323 59.37 58.21 0.494 48.66 49.51 0.564
Maine 56.20 54.68 0.254 13.73 12.42 0.181 65.13 62.68 0.157 59.47 58.01 0.369
Maryland 51.89a 54.93 0.024 12.81 12.59 0.825 59.09a 64.12 0.004 55.51b 58.57 0.069
Massachusetts 63.62 63.01 0.596 15.58 15.80 0.848 74.33a 70.56 0.025 67.23 67.06 0.907
Michigan 54.73 53.55 0.137 13.35 12.73 0.302 62.62 62.98 0.746 58.70 57.15 0.117
Minnesota 58.87 59.48 0.600 13.16 13.14 0.981 66.69 67.52 0.642 63.09 63.75 0.649
Mississippi 41.05 40.41 0.573 12.39 11.86 0.566 52.93 51.80 0.519 42.80 42.20 0.680
Missouri 50.71 49.90 0.512 15.16 14.96 0.827 60.50 60.80 0.856 53.50 52.36 0.463
Montana 58.05 60.15 0.116 19.15 17.17 0.110 65.92b 68.38 0.099 61.19 63.63 0.143
Nebraska 51.86 53.32 0.249 13.66 12.84 0.380 63.37 64.11 0.637 54.55 56.44 0.250
Nevada 54.57 53.92 0.662 14.47 13.08 0.195 58.45 59.08 0.735 59.05 58.22 0.655
New Hampshire 63.77b 61.61 0.086 17.64 17.04 0.571 74.09 73.22 0.576 67.52b 64.89 0.093
New Jersey 55.69 56.77 0.419 15.27 16.84 0.176 64.60 64.72 0.945 59.27 60.44 0.480
New Mexico 45.75a 42.84 0.030 14.49b 12.65 0.079 56.25 54.27 0.280 47.87b 44.74 0.063
New York 55.58 55.00 0.498 16.75 16.59 0.835 66.60 65.54 0.351 58.28 57.67 0.576
North Carolina 48.98 49.19 0.870 12.26 12.91 0.491 59.20 61.70 0.135 51.76 51.50 0.873
North Dakota 59.91 59.08 0.540 16.58a 14.23 0.034 70.28 70.81 0.741 62.64 61.59 0.553
Ohio 52.73 52.51 0.796 13.78 13.48 0.617 65.40b 63.49 0.083 55.51 55.56 0.955
Oklahoma 47.16b 44.64 0.057 14.72a 12.79 0.048 60.82b 57.29 0.053 48.82 46.42 0.150
Oregon 61.02 59.99 0.401 17.31a 14.58 0.009 67.14b 64.22 0.093 65.03 64.45 0.702
Pennsylvania 55.23 54.76 0.598 15.78a 14.08 0.013 66.28 65.08 0.318 58.01 57.74 0.804
Rhode Island 61.05 61.68 0.626 16.00 15.01 0.402 70.13 71.94 0.280 64.59 65.08 0.764
South Carolina 46.00b 48.40 0.063 12.21 12.27 0.947 55.21 57.22 0.223 48.57 51.22 0.104
South Dakota 57.83 55.90 0.119 15.52 16.36 0.452 69.92 67.78 0.209 60.90 58.60 0.145
Tennessee 40.39 41.55 0.346 11.28 11.04 0.750 51.37 52.89 0.407 42.14 43.37 0.415
Texas 49.15 49.61 0.558 13.35a 12.15 0.044 59.23 58.45 0.497 52.38 53.36 0.325
Utah 26.42 25.38 0.442 7.58 7.57 0.991 32.45 31.31 0.593 28.08 26.96 0.537
Vermont 61.68 60.57 0.395 17.44 17.78 0.783 72.67 73.85 0.427 64.59 62.84 0.285
Virginia 52.00a 54.64 0.037 13.51 12.95 0.549 64.47 66.56 0.218 54.46b 57.56 0.053
Washington 56.89 57.01 0.918 13.61 13.22 0.684 61.60 63.44 0.268 61.28 61.15 0.928
West Virginia 40.26 38.97 0.326 14.46 14.71 0.815 53.94 53.75 0.911 40.94 39.26 0.294
Wisconsin 64.11 62.48 0.193 16.78a 13.94 0.012 70.45 68.92 0.334 68.75 67.25 0.347
Wyoming 52.91b 50.56 0.092 16.70a 13.96 0.011 59.33 57.80 0.404 56.13 53.58 0.144
121001
Table 10 – Binge Alcohol Use in the Past Month, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2009-2010)		 12+
(2010-2011)		 12+
(P Value)		 12-17
(2009-2010)		 12-17
(2010-2011)		 12-17
(P Value)		 18-25
(2009-2010)		 18-25
(2010-2011)		 18-25
(P Value)		 26+
(2009-2010)		 26+
(2010-2011)		 26+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2009-2010 and the 2010-2011 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
NOTE: Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days.
a Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2009, 2010, and 2011 (2009 and 2010 Data – Revised March 2012).
Total U.S. 23.39a 22.86 0.013 8.38a 7.63 0.000 41.15a 40.15 0.009 22.19 21.77 0.106
Northeast 24.83 24.66 0.636 9.40 8.96 0.239 45.23a 43.94 0.029 23.22 23.27 0.914
Midwest 25.54a 24.73 0.004 8.71a 7.78 0.000 44.88b 44.04 0.075 24.29a 23.52 0.028
South 21.58 21.27 0.253 7.54a 6.83 0.001 37.65 37.01 0.171 20.59 20.37 0.505
West 23.08a 22.22 0.017 8.61a 7.76 0.020 39.95a 38.59 0.039 21.91 21.16 0.101
Alabama 20.82 19.69 0.203 6.88 6.55 0.630 32.78 30.54 0.126 20.52 19.44 0.344
Alaska 24.69 24.08 0.489 9.08b 7.37 0.060 40.80 42.18 0.378 23.73 22.89 0.469
Arizona 23.62 22.39 0.198 8.72a 7.25 0.050 38.71 36.91 0.242 23.01 21.89 0.356
Arkansas 18.94 18.97 0.970 7.83 7.28 0.461 34.33a 31.16 0.035 17.81 18.40 0.576
California 22.83 21.97 0.120 8.57 7.96 0.283 39.89b 38.15 0.090 21.54 20.84 0.325
Colorado 26.21b 24.46 0.069 9.64a 7.79 0.031 46.39 44.61 0.254 24.72 22.97 0.148
Connecticut 26.35 26.33 0.986 11.19 10.17 0.367 48.82 48.01 0.622 24.56 24.83 0.837
Delaware 24.30 23.31 0.330 9.24 8.54 0.516 45.48b 42.86 0.091 22.59 21.78 0.524
District of Columbia 29.52a 32.20 0.021 6.92 7.23 0.787 46.74a 50.36 0.039 27.72 30.12 0.108
Florida 20.68 19.90 0.164 7.64 6.90 0.119 35.63 34.24 0.138 19.85 19.12 0.292
Georgia 20.14 19.40 0.375 7.25 6.25 0.127 37.10 34.97 0.148 18.94 18.42 0.621
Hawaii 23.72 23.07 0.519 8.29 8.32 0.975 40.81 42.21 0.450 22.70 21.72 0.427
Idaho 21.89 21.64 0.793 8.08 7.17 0.247 37.30a 34.15 0.034 21.03 21.37 0.776
Illinois 26.01 25.34 0.234 8.73 7.95 0.106 46.63b 44.84 0.071 24.54 24.19 0.632
Indiana 22.55 22.70 0.869 7.87b 6.63 0.087 40.75 41.84 0.490 21.31 21.40 0.934
Iowa 27.47 26.57 0.338 10.65 9.52 0.220 48.97 50.01 0.501 25.64 24.42 0.310
Kansas 25.79a 23.37 0.010 9.34b 7.94 0.088 42.85 42.45 0.804 24.68a 21.81 0.017
Kentucky 21.61 20.89 0.398 8.19 7.74 0.575 39.04 37.79 0.381 20.43 19.67 0.472
Louisiana 23.01 22.78 0.792 7.39 6.92 0.456 38.18 37.36 0.537 22.20 22.13 0.946
Maine 22.99 22.32 0.506 8.34 7.24 0.137 46.14a 42.48 0.027 21.27 21.01 0.836
Maryland 20.17 20.93 0.391 7.74b 6.52 0.092 36.12a 39.64 0.039 19.01 19.58 0.618
Massachusetts 25.57 27.05 0.143 9.40 9.29 0.902 48.63 47.67 0.552 23.33b 25.45 0.100
Michigan 26.41b 25.30 0.066 7.99 7.65 0.489 43.17 43.64 0.592 25.90a 24.40 0.049
Minnesota 25.85 26.19 0.719 7.92 8.32 0.593 45.56 47.69 0.160 24.65 24.73 0.946
Mississippi 20.14 19.21 0.280 6.78 6.06 0.306 33.02 31.90 0.440 19.58 18.65 0.386
Missouri 23.95 22.73 0.166 9.55 8.46 0.179 39.61 37.75 0.212 23.11 21.93 0.290
Montana 28.02 27.96 0.951 12.67a 10.22 0.020 50.04 50.21 0.907 25.97 26.15 0.882
Nebraska 24.76 24.60 0.866 8.77b 7.50 0.084 46.14 43.75 0.127 22.69 23.19 0.685
Nevada 26.64a 24.51 0.039 8.33 8.04 0.774 41.92 39.73 0.198 26.61b 24.16 0.056
New Hampshire 24.01 24.09 0.932 10.27 9.87 0.642 48.29 49.32 0.522 21.78 21.70 0.945
New Jersey 25.38 24.49 0.363 8.80 10.10 0.233 45.84 44.74 0.497 24.25 23.19 0.383
New Mexico 22.33a 20.33 0.024 9.23a 7.20 0.017 37.43 36.37 0.503 21.26b 19.19 0.063
New York 24.01 23.70 0.639 9.60 8.72 0.118 42.22 41.12 0.247 22.51 22.42 0.917
North Carolina 20.66 19.47 0.157 6.89 6.71 0.777 37.27 35.64 0.271 19.58 18.32 0.234
North Dakota 29.80 30.51 0.499 10.36a 7.54 0.007 51.26 52.88 0.279 27.11 28.12 0.465
Ohio 23.60 23.17 0.429 8.29a 7.22 0.022 44.78a 42.88 0.035 22.05 21.93 0.862
Oklahoma 21.65 21.00 0.451 8.80a 6.90 0.019 39.13 38.17 0.534 20.08 19.66 0.705
Oregon 22.40 22.35 0.955 8.54a 6.96 0.029 42.62 40.35 0.146 20.74 21.17 0.693
Pennsylvania 24.99 24.53 0.443 9.04b 8.03 0.068 46.13a 43.49 0.010 23.37 23.27 0.900
Rhode Island 26.41 27.87 0.162 8.98 8.72 0.753 45.81a 49.28 0.031 24.77 25.99 0.368
South Carolina 22.20 22.84 0.522 6.12 6.18 0.923 36.06 36.74 0.647 21.85 22.48 0.618
South Dakota 27.68 27.50 0.854 9.45 9.82 0.699 49.52 49.25 0.879 25.96 25.76 0.868
Tennessee 17.57 18.44 0.334 6.67 6.21 0.468 31.85 33.00 0.447 16.63 17.54 0.416
Texas 23.98 24.05 0.901 7.79b 6.87 0.059 39.55 39.50 0.952 23.34 23.60 0.732
Utah 13.23 14.17 0.276 5.66 5.25 0.567 23.58 22.95 0.703 11.95 13.57 0.144
Vermont 26.42 25.30 0.254 9.97 9.44 0.583 51.28 50.89 0.785 23.92 22.50 0.246
Virginia 23.68 23.21 0.585 8.36 7.67 0.345 45.42 44.56 0.588 21.74 21.36 0.720
Washington 23.89 23.43 0.599 8.74 8.48 0.738 42.69 43.59 0.553 22.62 21.86 0.491
West Virginia 20.40 20.46 0.940 8.51 8.40 0.888 38.41 39.27 0.585 18.95 18.84 0.923
Wisconsin 29.89a 27.16 0.010 10.06a 7.69 0.007 50.05a 46.36 0.018 28.78b 26.19 0.055
Wyoming 22.90 22.40 0.560 10.85 8.84 0.135 40.75 40.15 0.719 21.09 20.79 0.782
121001
Table 11 – Perceptions of Great Risk of Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2009-2010)		 12+
(2010-2011)		 12+
(P Value)		 12-17
(2009-2010)		 12-17
(2010-2011)		 12-17
(P Value)		 18-25
(2009-2010)		 18-25
(2010-2011)		 18-25
(P Value)		 26+
(2009-2010)		 26+
(2010-2011)		 26+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2009-2010 and the 2010-2011 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
a Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2009, 2010, and 2011 (2009 and 2010 Data – Revised March 2012).
Total U.S. 42.59 42.57 0.956 40.02b 40.58 0.091 33.44a 34.13 0.038 44.50 44.29 0.517
Northeast 40.52 41.00 0.289 38.66 38.95 0.609 30.82 31.40 0.296 42.37 42.84 0.409
Midwest 38.97 38.70 0.453 38.07 38.03 0.939 29.51 29.96 0.278 40.73 40.30 0.343
South 44.97 44.76 0.563 41.81b 42.62 0.087 36.36b 37.12 0.085 46.84 46.34 0.286
West 43.88 43.96 0.856 40.06 40.93 0.190 34.60 35.38 0.198 46.07 45.91 0.790
Alabama 45.62 44.45 0.309 44.37 44.13 0.880 39.31 39.40 0.949 46.86 45.37 0.313
Alaska 42.44b 40.37 0.089 42.30 39.72 0.138 31.10 32.14 0.502 44.69b 42.07 0.100
Arizona 43.94 43.53 0.740 42.17 42.87 0.694 36.72 35.75 0.561 45.40 44.94 0.772
Arkansas 45.47 44.42 0.413 43.66 44.27 0.713 35.74 36.38 0.673 47.30 45.80 0.352
California 45.31 46.41 0.134 40.42 41.72 0.211 36.55 37.99 0.153 47.64 48.61 0.301
Colorado 39.04 37.36 0.177 35.96 36.42 0.781 28.76 27.65 0.436 41.18 39.15 0.205
Connecticut 42.38 41.82 0.662 40.28 37.68 0.124 30.82 28.61 0.152 44.52 44.46 0.972
Delaware 40.74 40.63 0.931 38.96 39.61 0.695 32.31 32.25 0.971 42.34 42.15 0.906
District of Columbia 41.44 41.14 0.807 45.67 43.50 0.236 32.85 30.03 0.132 42.96 43.47 0.748
Florida 47.25 47.58 0.686 42.50 41.84 0.502 37.87a 39.94 0.033 49.17 49.36 0.853
Georgia 45.88b 43.85 0.086 43.59 43.15 0.794 36.09 36.72 0.686 47.90b 45.22 0.076
Hawaii 41.12 41.83 0.619 43.75 41.76 0.297 35.40 33.67 0.341 41.74 43.09 0.447
Idaho 38.65 37.62 0.383 37.07b 34.50 0.097 30.82 31.01 0.895 40.31 39.28 0.511
Illinois 41.47 41.70 0.762 40.28 41.66 0.159 31.39 32.73 0.147 43.44 43.27 0.851
Indiana 39.33 39.42 0.944 39.17 38.87 0.858 30.12 30.16 0.979 40.95 41.13 0.903
Iowa 36.96 38.12 0.317 36.87 37.18 0.843 27.18 28.05 0.539 38.74 40.05 0.375
Kansas 38.62 38.64 0.986 35.98 37.07 0.505 28.45 29.35 0.517 40.91 40.60 0.837
Kentucky 41.65 42.46 0.529 40.94 43.40 0.186 34.34 36.84 0.107 42.90 43.28 0.809
Louisiana 45.47 45.17 0.794 44.21 45.42 0.428 39.60 40.13 0.703 46.76 46.08 0.649
Maine 37.65 37.89 0.861 33.39 35.05 0.287 27.29 28.57 0.366 39.57 39.53 0.980
Maryland 43.75 44.46 0.570 42.35 43.93 0.372 35.95 35.62 0.848 45.24 46.00 0.634
Massachusetts 37.59a 40.22 0.023 35.61 35.98 0.824 27.72 29.07 0.352 39.57a 42.66 0.035
Michigan 39.47 38.79 0.347 38.91 37.52 0.139 32.96 31.82 0.189 40.66 40.16 0.582
Minnesota 37.02 36.88 0.910 36.31 34.70 0.311 26.36 26.54 0.897 38.93 38.89 0.979
Mississippi 48.25 47.27 0.425 47.55 49.02 0.382 41.49 41.57 0.957 49.62 48.09 0.336
Missouri 39.57a 36.51 0.010 38.27 36.90 0.428 31.50 30.08 0.318 41.10a 37.56 0.021
Montana 36.58 36.24 0.778 33.14 33.68 0.731 26.61 24.75 0.176 38.72 38.51 0.891
Nebraska 37.35 36.90 0.702 36.94 37.86 0.596 25.59 26.47 0.530 39.68 38.72 0.526
Nevada 42.67b 40.17 0.070 39.68 39.12 0.768 33.55 35.40 0.314 44.45a 41.07 0.050
New Hampshire 38.21 38.93 0.542 34.64 36.34 0.281 24.71 26.57 0.159 40.76 41.20 0.769
New Jersey 41.49 42.69 0.334 36.91 39.10 0.201 32.88 33.40 0.749 43.38 44.53 0.460
New Mexico 47.80 48.02 0.870 39.69 42.22 0.147 36.55 38.36 0.255 50.91 50.49 0.802
New York 42.20 42.53 0.669 41.41 41.00 0.681 32.55 33.68 0.240 44.00 44.26 0.795
North Carolina 43.95 43.95 1.000 38.07 39.45 0.409 34.33 33.82 0.724 46.27 46.19 0.957
North Dakota 35.78 36.23 0.698 34.79 35.33 0.729 24.64 24.80 0.912 38.50 38.91 0.781
Ohio 39.51 39.24 0.709 38.15 38.07 0.929 27.88a 29.48 0.047 41.57 40.98 0.512
Oklahoma 42.00 43.75 0.153 39.07 40.98 0.305 33.82a 36.96 0.046 43.88 45.35 0.351
Oregon 39.94b 37.85 0.066 37.14 35.31 0.232 28.12 29.48 0.342 42.15b 39.49 0.061
Pennsylvania 39.26 38.58 0.380 38.13 38.65 0.599 29.89 29.89 0.997 40.94 40.02 0.350
Rhode Island 37.76 38.39 0.608 36.48 37.42 0.582 29.72 29.44 0.850 39.43 40.21 0.619
South Carolina 46.79 44.69 0.112 42.43 44.44 0.236 39.53 37.52 0.187 48.51 45.93 0.124
South Dakota 33.62b 35.54 0.095 31.31 33.82 0.108 25.04 26.90 0.204 35.48 37.31 0.214
Tennessee 45.00 43.44 0.226 41.51 41.76 0.878 34.52 35.28 0.605 47.06 44.96 0.196
Texas 44.59 45.39 0.286 41.22b 42.90 0.099 36.77 37.66 0.356 46.57 47.23 0.504
Utah 50.82 50.59 0.861 48.74b 52.34 0.056 38.09b 41.25 0.100 54.33 52.54 0.321
Vermont 36.60 38.06 0.248 32.15 33.19 0.520 22.93 23.88 0.455 39.43 41.09 0.304
Virginia 42.61 41.97 0.589 40.23 40.82 0.720 32.45 33.79 0.375 44.67 43.53 0.456
Washington 41.84 41.09 0.532 37.23 38.16 0.570 29.55 28.82 0.594 44.40 43.47 0.541
West Virginia 44.09a 40.74 0.010 38.93 38.08 0.619 34.02 32.07 0.192 46.15a 42.34 0.017
Wisconsin 35.03 35.62 0.614 34.60 35.55 0.553 27.12 27.95 0.544 36.46 36.95 0.740
Wyoming 39.10 37.20 0.129 39.63 38.25 0.406 29.18 27.77 0.435 40.86 38.78 0.190
121001
Table 12 – Alcohol Use and Binge Alcohol Use in the Past Month among Persons Aged 12 to 20, by State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 NSDUHs
State Alcohol Use in
Past Month
(2009-2010)		 Alcohol Use in
Past Month
(2010-2011)		 Alcohol Use in
Past Month
(P Value)		 Binge Alcohol Use in
Past Month
(2009-2010)		 Binge Alcohol Use in
Past Month
(2010-2011)		 Binge Alcohol Use in
Past Month
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2009-2010 and the 2010-2011 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
NOTE: Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days.
a Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2009, 2010, and 2011 (2009 and 2010 Data – Revised March 2012)
Total U.S. 26.67a 25.61 0.001 17.54a 16.34 0.000
Northeast 30.58b 29.73 0.063 19.92a 18.92 0.016
Midwest 27.16a 26.21 0.002 18.78a 17.48 0.000
South 25.17a 23.75 0.000 15.90a 14.63 0.000
West 25.62 24.90 0.112 17.15a 16.05 0.005
Alabama 22.30b 20.59 0.060 13.62 12.46 0.103
Alaska 25.86 24.85 0.353 18.54 17.57 0.297
Arizona 23.50 22.64 0.329 16.36a 14.24 0.006
Arkansas 22.27 21.91 0.711 13.27 13.70 0.598
California 25.40 25.48 0.907 16.93 16.48 0.445
Colorado 29.89a 27.71 0.041 18.30a 16.25 0.016
Connecticut 31.94 31.42 0.633 22.26 20.84 0.181
Delaware 31.67a 29.14 0.040 21.77a 19.40 0.043
District of Columbia 29.22a 34.09 0.004 16.72a 21.07 0.005
Florida 25.55a 24.17 0.025 15.32 14.49 0.129
Georgia 23.33a 21.04 0.008 14.62a 12.41 0.001
Hawaii 25.48 24.84 0.586 17.57 16.28 0.221
Idaho 25.79a 22.52 0.001 16.85a 14.62 0.003
Illinois 28.76a 26.58 0.000 19.60a 17.83 0.002
Indiana 23.51 24.49 0.303 16.44 16.39 0.952
Iowa 29.46 28.61 0.410 20.99 21.23 0.802
Kansas 29.01a 25.23 0.000 19.67a 17.18 0.005
Kentucky 24.07a 22.12 0.043 17.07a 14.91 0.005
Louisiana 27.19 25.76 0.140 16.20a 14.57 0.033
Maine 25.09 25.25 0.866 17.52 16.81 0.375
Maryland 25.14 25.06 0.933 15.61 14.58 0.203
Massachusetts 31.35 30.03 0.209 21.06 19.50 0.115
Michigan 24.93 25.46 0.397 16.80 16.93 0.811
Minnesota 27.28 26.06 0.205 19.89b 18.44 0.093
Mississippi 24.96a 21.41 0.000 15.23a 12.04 0.000
Missouri 25.12 24.94 0.838 16.39b 15.01 0.070
Montana 32.13 30.55 0.157 22.95a 20.10 0.006
Nebraska 26.58 25.46 0.256 19.22b 17.59 0.052
Nevada 25.34 26.23 0.451 17.72 17.76 0.964
New Hampshire 32.93 33.52 0.567 21.77 21.56 0.835
New Jersey 28.41 29.94 0.216 19.36 20.18 0.442
New Mexico 25.18a 23.05 0.040 16.49a 14.36 0.010
New York 31.64a 29.94 0.015 19.21 18.29 0.151
North Carolina 24.22 24.39 0.847 14.54 13.91 0.339
North Dakota 33.57 31.63 0.109 24.20 22.62 0.121
Ohio 27.41 26.67 0.217 19.20a 17.42 0.001
Oklahoma 25.55a 23.00 0.013 15.87a 13.41 0.003
Oregon 30.14a 27.03 0.002 17.75a 15.49 0.007
Pennsylvania 29.47 28.40 0.126 19.88a 17.80 0.001
Rhode Island 33.12b 31.25 0.087 21.71 20.26 0.133
South Carolina 22.84 22.74 0.904 14.19 13.69 0.500
South Dakota 30.60a 27.92 0.009 20.63b 19.07 0.097
Tennessee 21.83 21.13 0.437 14.87 13.72 0.103
Texas 26.13a 24.16 0.001 16.95a 15.48 0.004
Utah 16.48 15.28 0.306 12.68 11.77 0.317
Vermont 34.62 33.10 0.221 24.10b 22.10 0.062
Virginia 29.66a 27.53 0.026 19.75 18.40 0.125
Washington 26.92a 24.68 0.024 18.91a 16.51 0.006
West Virginia 24.64b 26.45 0.095 16.45 18.04 0.105
Wisconsin 30.09a 27.84 0.034 21.05a 18.09 0.001
Wyoming 30.21a 27.05 0.030 21.26b 19.17 0.084
121001
Table 13 – Tobacco Product Use in the Past Month, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2009-2010)		 12+
(2010-2011)		 12+
(P Value)		 12-17
(2009-2010)		 12-17
(2010-2011)		 12-17
(P Value)		 18-25
(2009-2010)		 18-25
(2010-2011)		 18-25
(P Value)		 26+
(2009-2010)		 26+
(2010-2011)		 26+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2009-2010 and the 2010-2011 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
NOTE: Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco or snuff), cigars, or pipe tobacco.
a Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2009, 2010, and 2011 (2009 and 2010 Data – Revised March 2012).
Total U.S. 27.60a 26.97 0.006 11.25a 10.34 0.000 41.27a 40.17 0.002 27.28b 26.76 0.071
Northeast 26.27 25.91 0.406 10.90 10.38 0.151 40.90a 39.68 0.037 25.62 25.43 0.721
Midwest 30.10 29.55 0.156 12.56a 11.42 0.000 45.79a 44.74 0.029 29.58 29.20 0.449
South 29.04 28.44 0.126 11.29a 10.51 0.005 41.64a 40.54 0.012 29.12 28.60 0.314
West 24.00a 23.07 0.040 10.22a 9.07 0.002 36.86b 35.82 0.098 23.48 22.60 0.137
Alabama 32.68 32.43 0.828 11.89 11.38 0.578 44.30 44.84 0.732 33.29 32.91 0.795
Alaska 31.93 32.88 0.410 13.27 12.39 0.421 45.63 46.47 0.621 31.89 33.12 0.421
Arizona 26.04 26.85 0.446 11.52 10.78 0.416 37.75 37.07 0.678 25.96 27.20 0.352
Arkansas 33.53 32.62 0.419 13.76 12.35 0.162 45.35 44.85 0.741 34.08 33.12 0.506
California 21.72a 19.97 0.007 9.06a 7.53 0.005 33.93 32.44 0.117 21.13a 19.32 0.032
Colorado 26.91 27.44 0.626 12.37 12.05 0.757 42.57 43.40 0.614 25.94 26.52 0.680
Connecticut 25.07 25.50 0.704 10.81 10.07 0.444 41.34 41.81 0.764 24.18 24.78 0.678
Delaware 29.01 29.07 0.961 12.53 11.37 0.229 42.17 41.05 0.518 28.80 29.14 0.812
District of Columbia 27.50 26.70 0.452 9.08b 7.62 0.084 35.49 34.40 0.509 27.37 26.51 0.527
Florida 26.24 25.98 0.708 10.43a 8.68 0.001 37.56 36.44 0.219 26.24 26.25 0.999
Georgia 26.80 26.04 0.460 11.52 11.57 0.963 40.39 38.07 0.170 26.51 25.86 0.625
Hawaii 22.62 23.48 0.449 10.04 9.42 0.547 36.80 35.40 0.454 21.74 23.17 0.306
Idaho 27.73 27.37 0.746 11.85 11.34 0.581 41.70a 38.34 0.027 27.43 27.61 0.900
Illinois 28.74a 26.88 0.005 10.94a 9.59 0.023 44.05b 42.40 0.071 28.30a 26.42 0.028
Indiana 30.63 29.93 0.521 12.22b 10.66 0.090 47.39a 44.13 0.050 30.12 29.92 0.889
Iowa 30.87b 28.81 0.051 13.33 12.68 0.508 45.03 44.96 0.965 30.45b 27.86 0.056
Kansas 30.66 30.85 0.858 13.48 12.52 0.350 44.15 46.35 0.187 30.33 30.36 0.987
Kentucky 35.51 37.37 0.135 15.04 14.85 0.866 48.42 50.43 0.194 35.88 37.90 0.198
Louisiana 30.09 30.73 0.542 10.86 10.93 0.923 41.88 40.63 0.390 30.41 31.47 0.443
Maine 28.92 29.05 0.917 12.46 11.53 0.336 47.07 45.31 0.266 28.10 28.55 0.758
Maryland 24.16 23.23 0.409 9.26a 7.64 0.042 35.94 35.90 0.979 24.01 23.03 0.485
Massachusetts 24.27 22.93 0.175 10.39 11.00 0.516 42.39a 38.70 0.025 22.65 21.51 0.359
Michigan 30.06 30.56 0.467 11.91 11.12 0.175 45.35 45.88 0.564 29.77 30.40 0.470
Minnesota 27.33 26.25 0.262 11.18 10.40 0.405 46.96 45.55 0.381 25.92 24.92 0.413
Mississippi 34.57 34.49 0.947 13.54 13.07 0.650 46.86 46.70 0.918 35.19 35.16 0.982
Missouri 34.45 33.75 0.542 15.85 15.12 0.513 47.58 46.93 0.692 34.55 33.80 0.607
Montana 32.12 31.95 0.891 16.34 16.49 0.906 47.95 48.75 0.601 31.19 30.82 0.813
Nebraska 29.00 28.47 0.633 12.12 11.56 0.537 42.20 41.93 0.858 28.62 28.11 0.715
Nevada 27.41 26.41 0.421 9.93 8.60 0.193 39.62 38.00 0.319 27.74 26.80 0.549
New Hampshire 28.98 27.33 0.132 13.66 13.65 0.993 46.77 46.05 0.661 27.95 25.91 0.137
New Jersey 25.55 26.24 0.554 9.74 10.30 0.613 42.22 41.41 0.634 24.91 25.89 0.507
New Mexico 27.12 25.98 0.326 13.06 12.03 0.337 42.99 42.55 0.785 26.03 24.85 0.432
New York 24.21 23.94 0.692 9.98a 8.73 0.024 36.42 35.34 0.267 23.75 23.74 0.988
North Carolina 30.27 28.62 0.127 11.09 11.37 0.759 43.42 42.54 0.584 30.42 28.38 0.140
North Dakota 28.77 28.88 0.922 13.10 12.31 0.481 42.36 43.81 0.339 27.47 27.43 0.977
Ohio 31.20 31.95 0.289 14.01a 12.72 0.042 47.62 46.22 0.137 30.65 32.00 0.135
Oklahoma 36.51 35.32 0.366 14.35 14.38 0.984 51.53b 48.46 0.068 36.60 35.61 0.561
Oregon 28.45 26.77 0.112 12.91a 10.09 0.002 42.81 41.31 0.352 27.92 26.30 0.221
Pennsylvania 30.69 29.63 0.123 12.94 12.12 0.195 45.03 43.69 0.200 30.39 29.30 0.213
Rhode Island 26.81 28.06 0.244 10.85 10.75 0.911 41.87 43.18 0.433 25.83 27.17 0.328
South Carolina 30.47 31.47 0.397 11.62 12.38 0.432 44.51 43.37 0.476 30.42 31.74 0.384
South Dakota 31.42 31.54 0.908 13.59 14.21 0.574 47.66 46.64 0.544 30.67 30.95 0.840
Tennessee 34.61 35.02 0.731 13.28 13.13 0.879 48.90 47.80 0.504 34.90 35.56 0.660
Texas 26.34 25.52 0.225 9.91a 8.81 0.037 38.35 37.47 0.320 26.43 25.68 0.400
Utah 16.82 15.78 0.287 7.28 6.93 0.681 25.10 24.00 0.508 16.40 15.33 0.412
Vermont 27.08 28.06 0.395 12.52 14.07 0.162 43.42 44.68 0.411 25.84 26.63 0.587
Virginia 27.47a 24.88 0.008 10.90a 9.06 0.030 42.64a 39.20 0.027 26.82a 24.28 0.038
Washington 26.91 27.58 0.520 11.24 11.61 0.703 44.31 44.30 0.999 25.94 26.71 0.558
West Virginia 40.22 38.46 0.181 17.35 16.85 0.684 51.73 50.22 0.329 40.89 38.91 0.223
Wisconsin 28.03 27.03 0.369 11.85a 9.76 0.020 45.09 42.75 0.151 27.02 26.40 0.663
Wyoming 33.67 31.89 0.152 17.44a 14.91 0.037 49.52 47.18 0.143 32.73 31.13 0.315
121001
Table 14 – Cigarette Use in the Past Month, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2009-2010)		 12+
(2010-2011)		 12+
(P Value)		 12-17
(2009-2010)		 12-17
(2010-2011)		 12-17
(P Value)		 18-25
(2009-2010)		 18-25
(2010-2011)		 18-25
(P Value)		 26+
(2009-2010)		 26+
(2010-2011)		 26+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2009-2010 and the 2010-2011 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
a Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2009, 2010, and 2011 (2009 and 2010 Data – Revised March 2012).
Total U.S. 23.16a 22.53 0.004 8.69a 8.07 0.000 35.09a 33.92 0.000 22.91a 22.36 0.045
Northeast 22.22 22.00 0.601 8.54 8.14 0.164 35.34a 33.76 0.009 21.62 21.66 0.952
Midwest 25.11b 24.47 0.074 9.87a 8.84 0.000 38.84a 37.76 0.030 24.65 24.13 0.287
South 24.26b 23.67 0.090 8.70a 8.19 0.030 35.25a 33.95 0.006 24.34 23.83 0.287
West 20.31a 19.31 0.020 7.72b 7.13 0.068 31.24 30.48 0.231 19.98a 18.88 0.050
Alabama 27.07 26.87 0.844 9.01 8.84 0.830 37.14 36.70 0.779 27.60 27.41 0.886
Alaska 26.21 27.68 0.195 8.20 7.84 0.669 38.94 39.63 0.689 26.26 28.14 0.201
Arizona 22.39 23.15 0.482 9.92 8.76 0.152 31.53 31.99 0.785 22.47 23.52 0.439
Arkansas 28.16 27.11 0.374 10.30 9.35 0.282 39.29 37.39 0.237 28.58 27.63 0.527
California 18.54a 16.82 0.004 6.83 6.25 0.204 28.85 27.54 0.174 18.18a 16.25 0.013
Colorado 21.15 22.24 0.260 8.77 8.64 0.865 34.01 35.83 0.243 20.41 21.52 0.374
Connecticut 21.31 21.53 0.829 8.76 8.02 0.353 35.47 35.99 0.747 20.54 20.87 0.806
Delaware 23.63 24.39 0.497 9.31 8.16 0.134 35.59 35.37 0.893 23.35 24.46 0.436
District of Columbia 23.41 23.24 0.872 6.53 5.99 0.371 29.33 28.18 0.450 23.61 23.55 0.962
Florida 22.34 21.99 0.603 7.95a 6.91 0.014 31.73 30.77 0.280 22.48 22.27 0.805
Georgia 22.43 20.87 0.121 9.25 9.41 0.842 34.10b 31.08 0.067 22.19 20.61 0.209
Hawaii 19.75 20.13 0.727 7.16 6.68 0.561 32.61 31.59 0.569 19.08 19.82 0.582
Idaho 23.67 22.65 0.342 8.85 8.57 0.711 36.38a 32.64 0.015 23.45 22.80 0.640
Illinois 24.38a 22.23 0.001 8.67a 7.28 0.002 38.10b 36.43 0.087 23.95a 21.69 0.007
Indiana 25.85 25.33 0.629 9.41b 8.06 0.080 40.22 37.73 0.113 25.50 25.39 0.937
Iowa 25.45 23.87 0.114 10.83 10.80 0.969 37.59 37.90 0.846 25.04 22.94 0.103
Kansas 23.94 23.94 0.996 10.64 9.62 0.234 35.89 37.19 0.402 23.40 23.35 0.964
Kentucky 29.93 31.37 0.248 11.01 11.66 0.501 40.50 42.32 0.277 30.50 31.92 0.366
Louisiana 25.90 26.99 0.294 8.69 9.14 0.522 36.76 35.41 0.376 26.13 27.76 0.227
Maine 24.73 25.04 0.799 9.47 8.87 0.438 40.62 39.16 0.365 24.09 24.70 0.685
Maryland 19.72 19.40 0.758 7.43a 5.90 0.019 30.21 30.06 0.931 19.47 19.27 0.881
Massachusetts 20.64b 19.08 0.097 7.88 8.16 0.703 36.23a 32.73 0.024 19.33 17.92 0.237
Michigan 25.91 26.22 0.641 9.49a 8.40 0.031 39.17 39.46 0.756 25.74 26.22 0.580
Minnesota 23.21 22.11 0.229 8.89 8.70 0.799 40.41 39.70 0.647 22.00 20.76 0.287
Mississippi 27.48 26.96 0.637 10.22 9.37 0.299 38.98 38.81 0.910 27.73 27.17 0.697
Missouri 27.42 27.01 0.698 11.61 11.60 0.993 39.61 38.35 0.446 27.34 26.98 0.790
Montana 24.95 24.44 0.613 12.16 11.73 0.666 37.05 37.83 0.603 24.32 23.58 0.560
Nebraska 24.07 23.26 0.444 9.13 8.87 0.737 37.42 36.99 0.779 23.42 22.53 0.512
Nevada 23.69 22.72 0.413 7.39 6.95 0.557 33.17 32.79 0.826 24.30 23.09 0.422
New Hampshire 24.23a 22.13 0.042 10.66 10.70 0.963 41.42a 38.09 0.028 23.09b 20.90 0.094
New Jersey 21.19 22.86 0.131 7.66 8.35 0.380 37.35 35.37 0.218 20.36b 22.74 0.088
New Mexico 22.57 21.14 0.184 10.17 9.08 0.204 36.14 35.56 0.738 21.69 20.15 0.261
New York 21.18 20.86 0.614 7.79a 6.83 0.025 31.70 30.28 0.128 20.91 20.86 0.950
North Carolina 26.03 24.61 0.202 8.22 8.86 0.420 38.30 36.84 0.348 26.15 24.48 0.233
North Dakota 22.74 22.69 0.961 10.27 9.64 0.486 33.53b 35.96 0.098 21.73 21.22 0.718
Ohio 25.79 26.56 0.266 11.22a 9.62 0.003 39.74 38.24 0.117 25.32 26.75 0.109
Oklahoma 28.98 28.98 1.000 10.80 10.21 0.545 43.60 41.00 0.118 28.62 29.19 0.730
Oregon 23.94b 22.29 0.097 9.53a 7.45 0.008 37.77 36.27 0.333 23.36 21.70 0.187
Pennsylvania 25.05 24.29 0.272 10.28 9.58 0.194 38.18 36.93 0.229 24.60 23.88 0.413
Rhode Island 23.22 24.13 0.359 8.46 8.39 0.928 35.82 35.77 0.979 22.56 23.72 0.371
South Carolina 26.50 27.01 0.675 9.02 9.70 0.403 37.92 37.26 0.667 26.72 27.34 0.691
South Dakota 25.14 24.58 0.587 10.29 10.18 0.903 38.80 38.00 0.614 24.50 23.93 0.668
Tennessee 27.81 27.62 0.868 9.25 9.18 0.930 39.70 37.95 0.286 28.15 28.14 0.995
Texas 22.02 21.46 0.372 8.00b 7.11 0.061 32.62 31.73 0.319 22.03 21.59 0.602
Utah 15.83a 13.67 0.012 5.86 5.13 0.270 23.51 22.66 0.591 15.63a 12.99 0.022
Vermont 22.37 22.69 0.763 9.34 10.48 0.181 37.89 37.97 0.960 21.10 21.31 0.873
Virginia 22.76a 20.07 0.004 8.60a 6.99 0.017 35.11a 31.41 0.013 22.32a 19.67 0.025
Washington 22.66 22.72 0.952 7.95 8.56 0.429 37.56 37.14 0.790 21.97 22.01 0.978
West Virginia 32.00 30.45 0.229 11.85 11.80 0.962 43.86 41.95 0.241 32.34 30.62 0.283
Wisconsin 23.51 21.93 0.126 9.43b 8.10 0.100 37.95b 35.25 0.089 22.70 21.30 0.280
Wyoming 25.72 23.88 0.111 13.47a 11.26 0.023 39.62 38.55 0.479 24.66 22.72 0.194
121001
Table 15 – Perceptions of Great Risk of Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2009-2010)		 12+
(2010-2011)		 12+
(P Value)		 12-17
(2009-2010)		 12-17
(2010-2011)		 12-17
(P Value)		 18-25
(2009-2010)		 18-25
(2010-2011)		 18-25
(P Value)		 26+
(2009-2010)		 26+
(2010-2011)		 26+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2009-2010 and the 2010-2011 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
a Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2009, 2010, and 2011 (2009 and 2010 Data – Revised March 2012).
Total U.S. 71.21 71.35 0.544 65.41 65.74 0.266 65.15b 65.71 0.075 72.99 73.03 0.905
Northeast 73.50 73.69 0.647 68.09 67.49 0.286 67.01 66.83 0.774 75.23 75.56 0.513
Midwest 67.42 67.62 0.592 64.34 64.46 0.806 61.07 61.71 0.223 68.91 69.04 0.779
South 70.96 70.88 0.823 64.12b 64.83 0.082 64.72 65.45 0.149 72.89 72.58 0.484
West 73.36 73.73 0.401 66.44 67.07 0.285 68.12 68.92 0.219 75.22 75.47 0.649
Alabama 67.33 67.23 0.930 60.26 60.68 0.778 60.46 62.97 0.164 69.40 68.80 0.672
Alaska 67.21 66.27 0.413 66.75 65.18 0.315 62.65 61.68 0.561 68.17 67.33 0.570
Arizona 71.76 70.11 0.143 65.07 65.78 0.642 66.03 66.35 0.864 73.59 71.31 0.111
Arkansas 70.18 70.52 0.750 63.20 63.54 0.818 60.97 62.61 0.338 72.58 72.74 0.906
California 75.39a 76.76 0.033 66.60 67.76 0.217 71.14 72.32 0.220 77.39b 78.81 0.086
Colorado 72.37 71.50 0.424 66.71 66.28 0.767 66.40 65.23 0.463 74.07 73.21 0.532
Connecticut 73.11 74.20 0.294 68.65 67.75 0.531 66.24 66.38 0.934 74.77 76.25 0.260
Delaware 73.29 74.43 0.269 66.85 65.84 0.482 66.11 67.78 0.297 75.24 76.55 0.317
District of Columbia 75.29 75.49 0.835 65.22 63.08 0.162 69.73 69.96 0.893 77.42 77.78 0.769
Florida 74.85 75.81 0.158 66.55 67.95 0.135 68.97 69.78 0.400 76.63 77.57 0.264
Georgia 71.37b 69.67 0.090 64.22 63.64 0.708 66.68 66.10 0.710 73.17 71.12 0.107
Hawaii 72.05b 69.84 0.062 67.01 64.60 0.177 66.61 66.34 0.885 73.46b 70.95 0.089
Idaho 65.77b 67.76 0.083 64.43a 67.35 0.045 60.34 62.64 0.188 66.95 68.77 0.221
Illinois 69.14b 70.49 0.051 65.15 65.53 0.670 62.26b 63.92 0.098 70.90 72.28 0.111
Indiana 66.16 67.53 0.219 64.61 65.62 0.506 59.06b 61.99 0.081 67.59 68.77 0.413
Iowa 65.32a 67.49 0.050 61.65 62.73 0.477 58.43a 61.94 0.040 67.01 69.07 0.147
Kansas 64.89 65.02 0.903 58.79 60.11 0.426 61.61 60.52 0.528 66.31 66.52 0.886
Kentucky 62.29 63.22 0.438 63.41 63.82 0.789 55.85b 59.09 0.051 63.18 63.83 0.669
Louisiana 71.96 71.49 0.641 65.08 64.11 0.522 65.06 66.03 0.524 74.20 73.48 0.579
Maine 68.71 68.82 0.924 67.35 65.53 0.208 60.95 60.40 0.739 69.95 70.38 0.766
Maryland 74.90 74.58 0.747 65.98 66.15 0.907 69.66 69.07 0.729 76.89 76.53 0.772
Massachusetts 75.91 75.32 0.557 70.34a 66.42 0.008 68.40 68.10 0.852 77.89 77.60 0.823
Michigan 68.24 68.16 0.913 64.08 65.13 0.227 62.54 62.71 0.863 69.75 69.49 0.768
Minnesota 68.10 67.79 0.793 67.41 67.66 0.874 60.77 59.71 0.561 69.44 69.17 0.852
Mississippi 69.22 68.93 0.783 60.99 62.28 0.389 63.50 65.16 0.286 71.42 70.54 0.519
Missouri 66.34 65.03 0.249 61.97 60.22 0.260 58.80 60.35 0.371 68.16 66.42 0.233
Montana 67.99 67.95 0.976 64.27 64.78 0.730 60.50 62.89 0.154 69.73 69.19 0.717
Nebraska 67.08 68.51 0.196 62.38 63.04 0.662 60.22b 63.37 0.055 69.02 70.16 0.420
Nevada 70.59 70.41 0.876 65.85 66.46 0.696 67.69 66.79 0.635 71.64 71.49 0.917
New Hampshire 69.68 71.16 0.151 64.70 64.17 0.724 64.34 63.78 0.737 71.11 73.15 0.110
New Jersey 73.89 75.31 0.167 67.23a 70.34 0.027 68.95 68.62 0.843 75.46 76.93 0.251
New Mexico 72.63 72.31 0.758 63.49 64.96 0.336 64.48 65.90 0.435 75.30 74.40 0.499
New York 76.41 76.73 0.653 71.09 69.57 0.105 69.63 70.11 0.640 78.24 78.72 0.590
North Carolina 68.97 68.67 0.788 66.79 67.21 0.785 63.56 62.29 0.443 70.14 69.92 0.874
North Dakota 68.20 68.39 0.875 65.63 67.03 0.377 63.90 61.58 0.167 69.51 70.08 0.706
Ohio 66.37b 65.03 0.072 64.16 63.61 0.550 60.54 60.25 0.769 67.60b 65.99 0.085
Oklahoma 66.20 67.51 0.240 58.74 59.43 0.680 59.93 61.70 0.314 68.32 69.61 0.373
Oregon 70.35 69.16 0.268 65.20 66.17 0.503 60.47b 63.39 0.078 72.51 70.43 0.125
Pennsylvania 68.78 67.86 0.192 63.44 63.43 0.987 61.85 60.82 0.357 70.55 69.54 0.254
Rhode Island 71.55b 73.56 0.065 65.34 67.16 0.220 67.26 68.50 0.459 73.08 75.26 0.118
South Carolina 70.33b 68.44 0.096 62.06 61.87 0.902 63.05 62.98 0.967 72.53b 70.15 0.095
South Dakota 66.42 67.26 0.453 64.35 64.83 0.751 62.17 61.46 0.678 67.45 68.60 0.424
Tennessee 66.02 65.79 0.850 61.01 62.54 0.295 57.95 59.49 0.377 67.89 67.20 0.653
Texas 72.12 71.63 0.455 63.54 64.59 0.250 65.76 66.21 0.656 74.57 73.69 0.301
Utah 73.78 73.65 0.890 72.63 74.12 0.275 68.59 67.31 0.487 75.27 75.09 0.897
Vermont 70.96 70.75 0.848 65.59 63.77 0.253 64.50 63.76 0.673 72.66 72.73 0.954
Virginia 71.93 72.01 0.941 66.41 68.17 0.209 65.70 67.63 0.240 73.68 73.23 0.751
Washington 71.23 70.76 0.645 66.20b 63.59 0.086 63.17 63.83 0.690 73.14 72.77 0.765
West Virginia 64.61a 67.92 0.005 61.44 63.36 0.202 56.98b 60.23 0.071 66.09a 69.57 0.017
Wisconsin 68.62 69.12 0.662 67.47 65.85 0.271 62.45 60.80 0.337 69.84 70.96 0.445
Wyoming 68.92 69.57 0.533 66.90 67.10 0.886 60.67b 63.88 0.066 70.68 70.90 0.869
121001
Table 16 – Alcohol Dependence or Abuse in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2009-2010)		 12+
(2010-2011)		 12+
(P Value)		 12-17
(2009-2010)		 12-17
(2010-2011)		 12-17
(P Value)		 18-25
(2009-2010)		 18-25
(2010-2011)		 18-25
(P Value)		 26+
(2009-2010)		 26+
(2010-2011)		 26+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2009-2010 and the 2010-2011 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
NOTE: Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV).
a Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2009, 2010, and 2011 (2009 and 2010 Data – Revised March 2012).
Total U.S. 7.27a 6.78 0.000 4.59a 4.17 0.002 15.91a 15.03 0.000 6.10a 5.67 0.002
Northeast 7.25 7.00 0.181 4.61b 4.24 0.082 16.96a 15.74 0.011 5.92 5.86 0.782
Midwest 7.46a 7.02 0.006 4.58a 4.03 0.001 16.81a 15.86 0.017 6.19 5.86 0.108
South 6.82a 6.05 0.000 4.18a 3.76 0.008 14.60a 13.49 0.003 5.82a 5.05 0.000
West 7.80 7.52 0.197 5.20 4.88 0.236 16.28 16.11 0.741 6.61 6.32 0.286
Alabama 6.82a 5.38 0.000 4.30 3.60 0.123 13.69 12.27 0.140 5.96a 4.40 0.001
Alaska 7.80 7.86 0.902 4.91 4.59 0.575 15.52 15.34 0.869 6.69 6.86 0.790
Arizona 7.74 8.17 0.381 4.88 4.67 0.715 17.00 16.19 0.504 6.55 7.26 0.244
Arkansas 6.58a 5.29 0.001 4.54 3.86 0.151 14.23a 11.69 0.013 5.57a 4.39 0.017
California 8.02b 7.41 0.070 5.39 5.23 0.701 15.93 16.00 0.923 6.88b 6.10 0.066
Colorado 8.71 8.54 0.746 5.68 4.68 0.122 20.07 19.09 0.426 7.11 7.17 0.928
Connecticut 7.85 7.30 0.279 4.82 4.20 0.280 18.62 17.20 0.275 6.46 6.08 0.539
Delaware 7.27a 6.19 0.021 4.76b 3.83 0.057 16.65a 14.26 0.042 6.02 5.11 0.115
District of Columbia 9.48b 10.77 0.063 3.32 3.52 0.677 17.21 18.00 0.534 8.34 9.73 0.105
Florida 6.78a 5.90 0.003 4.44b 3.86 0.071 13.80 13.32 0.483 5.98a 4.99 0.006
Georgia 6.31b 5.62 0.072 3.65 3.84 0.642 14.13 12.70 0.165 5.31 4.60 0.146
Hawaii 7.71 7.86 0.809 5.49 4.53 0.215 17.14 17.48 0.814 6.46 6.74 0.711
Idaho 7.53 7.42 0.829 5.23 4.50 0.188 16.51 15.58 0.408 6.21 6.32 0.866
Illinois 7.21 6.89 0.283 4.11 3.92 0.536 16.91 16.50 0.558 5.86 5.60 0.493
Indiana 7.22 6.94 0.552 4.41 3.76 0.179 15.99 15.78 0.856 6.06 5.79 0.629
Iowa 8.25 7.78 0.335 5.44b 4.35 0.060 19.82 18.75 0.397 6.51 6.22 0.626
Kansas 7.94b 7.17 0.079 5.35 4.54 0.133 17.92b 15.97 0.087 6.37 5.87 0.346
Kentucky 6.14a 4.79 0.000 4.08 3.64 0.328 14.03a 11.27 0.008 5.13a 3.86 0.007
Louisiana 6.60 6.30 0.494 3.40 3.24 0.701 14.20 13.51 0.502 5.58 5.35 0.681
Maine 6.45a 5.37 0.014 4.09 3.71 0.411 16.64b 14.63 0.077 5.25b 4.21 0.051
Maryland 6.41a 5.14 0.003 3.30 3.03 0.511 13.82 12.66 0.302 5.54a 4.14 0.009
Massachusetts 8.30 8.40 0.831 5.16 4.90 0.628 19.91 19.05 0.506 6.60 6.93 0.576
Michigan 7.69 7.15 0.104 4.49 4.02 0.169 15.76 14.87 0.214 6.72 6.22 0.233
Minnesota 7.81 7.69 0.805 4.86 4.28 0.247 17.57 17.85 0.819 6.49 6.39 0.862
Mississippi 6.49a 5.57 0.017 3.75 3.50 0.546 13.54b 11.83 0.064 5.56b 4.69 0.073
Missouri 6.63a 5.56 0.010 4.62 4.21 0.371 14.82 13.65 0.287 5.50a 4.34 0.026
Montana 9.25 8.48 0.179 6.65 5.86 0.288 22.93a 19.32 0.007 7.17 6.91 0.709
Nebraska 7.63a 6.33 0.002 4.60 3.78 0.105 18.00a 15.48 0.017 6.02a 4.95 0.046
Nevada 8.44 8.95 0.379 5.38 4.67 0.293 18.13 17.65 0.701 7.34 8.10 0.296
New Hampshire 7.49b 6.73 0.087 5.24 4.72 0.272 18.73 16.99 0.149 5.97 5.32 0.240
New Jersey 6.40 6.50 0.807 3.92 4.17 0.621 14.52 14.87 0.747 5.45 5.52 0.893
New Mexico 7.66 6.99 0.193 5.45 4.61 0.201 16.23 15.83 0.731 6.37 5.73 0.309
New York 7.35a 6.65 0.032 4.97a 4.10 0.014 16.60a 14.46 0.004 5.99 5.59 0.314
North Carolina 6.27b 5.53 0.059 3.62 4.01 0.398 13.80 12.91 0.392 5.34b 4.48 0.079
North Dakota 8.37 8.83 0.375 4.55 4.25 0.554 19.76 20.70 0.454 6.18 6.69 0.431
Ohio 7.37 7.26 0.735 4.64a 3.97 0.047 16.92a 15.42 0.037 6.15 6.33 0.649
Oklahoma 7.69 7.17 0.317 4.76b 3.80 0.062 16.32a 14.01 0.040 6.48 6.35 0.848
Oregon 7.98 7.77 0.684 5.13a 4.11 0.048 16.52 15.91 0.583 6.93 6.86 0.914
Pennsylvania 6.84 7.07 0.452 4.16 4.15 0.989 16.58 15.64 0.226 5.55 5.98 0.257
Rhode Island 8.75 9.11 0.532 4.59 4.38 0.689 18.09 19.03 0.489 7.48 7.76 0.689
South Carolina 8.05a 6.53 0.001 3.88 3.91 0.952 14.50 12.97 0.158 7.49a 5.76 0.003
South Dakota 9.14 8.87 0.631 6.44 5.88 0.436 20.26b 17.83 0.069 7.44 7.62 0.791
Tennessee 6.39 6.12 0.490 3.70 3.71 0.978 14.00 13.52 0.642 5.51 5.20 0.531
Texas 6.91 6.58 0.259 4.58a 3.72 0.013 14.74 14.17 0.388 5.76 5.55 0.586
Utah 5.71a 4.59 0.006 4.00 3.72 0.488 11.53 10.13 0.177 4.58a 3.42 0.020
Vermont 7.97 7.22 0.122 4.85 4.77 0.889 19.85 18.45 0.239 6.25 5.51 0.207
Virginia 8.12a 6.92 0.007 5.02b 4.24 0.090 18.83a 16.27 0.026 6.63b 5.61 0.062
Washington 6.40b 7.17 0.056 4.29 4.49 0.695 15.16 16.52 0.222 5.22 5.93 0.140
West Virginia 6.06b 5.32 0.055 4.25 3.91 0.470 14.16 14.66 0.646 5.02a 4.03 0.034
Wisconsin 7.53 6.83 0.157 4.53b 3.67 0.080 16.81 15.01 0.132 6.27 5.80 0.433
Wyoming 7.86 7.28 0.213 5.86a 4.45 0.026 17.94 16.33 0.177 6.26 5.98 0.627
121001
Table 17 – Alcohol Dependence in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2009-2010)		 12+
(2010-2011)		 12+
(P Value)		 12-17
(2009-2010)		 12-17
(2010-2011)		 12-17
(P Value)		 18-25
(2009-2010)		 18-25
(2010-2011)		 18-25
(P Value)		 26+
(2009-2010)		 26+
(2010-2011)		 26+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2009-2010 and the 2010-2011 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
NOTE: Dependence is based on the definition found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV).
a Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2009, 2010, and 2011 (2009 and 2010 Data – Revised March 2012).
Total U.S. 3.42a 3.15 0.000 1.81a 1.55 0.002 6.58a 6.26 0.042 3.07a 2.81 0.005
Northeast 3.37 3.18 0.145 1.84a 1.53 0.008 6.99a 6.18 0.004 2.95 2.87 0.634
Midwest 3.38 3.23 0.175 1.76a 1.54 0.025 7.01b 6.66 0.096 2.95 2.84 0.464
South 3.23a 2.78 0.000 1.65a 1.39 0.007 5.98a 5.50 0.016 2.96a 2.48 0.001
West 3.79 3.64 0.342 2.07 1.84 0.161 6.80 7.12 0.301 3.47 3.24 0.272
Alabama 3.21a 2.64 0.035 1.57 1.30 0.252 5.82 5.12 0.228 2.97b 2.38 0.089
Alaska 3.73 3.65 0.794 1.68 1.58 0.671 6.33 6.83 0.416 3.51 3.32 0.654
Arizona 3.83 3.85 0.964 1.95 1.72 0.419 7.42 7.12 0.688 3.46 3.56 0.848
Arkansas 3.17 2.76 0.157 1.91 1.64 0.322 6.27 5.72 0.374 2.81 2.41 0.255
California 3.99 3.68 0.217 2.15 1.95 0.400 6.58 7.16 0.206 3.75 3.27 0.140
Colorado 3.71 4.06 0.336 2.02 1.89 0.635 6.90a 8.38 0.045 3.36 3.58 0.637
Connecticut 3.24 3.01 0.449 1.93 1.56 0.220 6.74 6.20 0.439 2.84 2.67 0.674
Delaware 3.20 2.75 0.109 1.92 1.57 0.182 6.69 6.00 0.311 2.78 2.34 0.218
District of Columbia 4.64a 5.84 0.028 1.34 1.61 0.359 7.19 7.88 0.364 4.37b 5.73 0.056
Florida 3.42a 2.84 0.012 1.76b 1.46 0.095 5.62 5.40 0.603 3.26a 2.59 0.018
Georgia 2.89 2.65 0.450 1.40 1.36 0.875 5.32 4.92 0.514 2.67 2.43 0.542
Hawaii 3.50 3.71 0.567 2.07 1.59 0.216 7.44 7.55 0.898 3.03 3.35 0.487
Idaho 3.48 3.59 0.743 1.93 1.63 0.264 7.21 7.02 0.790 3.02 3.24 0.628
Illinois 3.34 3.44 0.647 1.57 1.59 0.888 7.57 7.70 0.780 2.80 2.93 0.647
Indiana 3.22 3.08 0.610 1.90 1.50 0.122 7.32 7.11 0.755 2.69 2.58 0.748
Iowa 3.42 3.57 0.599 2.13 1.80 0.241 7.67 8.30 0.410 2.81 2.94 0.729
Kansas 3.24 3.08 0.559 1.91 1.74 0.517 7.45 6.86 0.363 2.62 2.55 0.857
Kentucky 2.88 2.42 0.106 1.61 1.37 0.333 5.76 4.97 0.197 2.58 2.12 0.205
Louisiana 3.13 2.88 0.396 1.47 1.42 0.820 5.88 5.27 0.286 2.83 2.63 0.597
Maine 2.99 2.54 0.151 1.58 1.33 0.322 6.43b 5.27 0.065 2.65 2.27 0.325
Maryland 3.34a 2.40 0.005 1.52b 1.14 0.091 5.77 4.98 0.221 3.16a 2.12 0.018
Massachusetts 3.64 3.81 0.618 1.95 1.84 0.665 7.82 8.35 0.501 3.09 3.23 0.734
Michigan 3.66 3.61 0.839 1.73 1.49 0.185 6.05 6.04 0.977 3.49 3.46 0.915
Minnesota 3.82 3.57 0.434 1.96 1.72 0.387 7.46 7.74 0.713 3.42 3.09 0.404
Mississippi 3.15 2.78 0.202 1.41 1.29 0.612 5.93 5.48 0.436 2.88 2.48 0.287
Missouri 3.14b 2.64 0.082 1.74 1.55 0.449 6.05 5.65 0.499 2.82 2.26 0.127
Montana 3.71 3.31 0.209 2.54b 1.94 0.070 9.76a 7.59 0.008 2.79 2.74 0.896
Nebraska 3.16a 2.48 0.023 1.70 1.38 0.199 6.54b 5.37 0.067 2.70 2.08 0.101
Nevada 3.71 3.75 0.919 2.01 1.79 0.506 7.77 7.83 0.950 3.30 3.35 0.929
New Hampshire 3.31 2.91 0.182 2.11a 1.55 0.028 7.39a 5.49 0.008 2.80 2.65 0.680
New Jersey 3.05 2.85 0.475 1.63 1.52 0.667 5.91 5.28 0.302 2.78 2.64 0.695
New Mexico 3.93 3.50 0.235 2.22 1.93 0.396 7.62 7.82 0.795 3.48 2.94 0.244
New York 3.62b 3.20 0.068 2.05a 1.51 0.004 7.48a 6.10 0.004 3.12 2.90 0.430
North Carolina 3.15a 2.36 0.005 1.53 1.31 0.319 5.77a 4.63 0.050 2.91a 2.10 0.019
North Dakota 3.64 4.08 0.197 1.85 1.65 0.460 7.91 8.64 0.308 2.86 3.34 0.293
Ohio 3.18 3.09 0.678 1.65 1.39 0.122 6.97a 5.92 0.015 2.76 2.84 0.746
Oklahoma 3.11b 2.65 0.093 1.67 1.32 0.143 6.69 5.80 0.138 2.63 2.24 0.248
Oregon 4.09 3.69 0.282 2.09 1.65 0.109 6.68 6.53 0.829 3.90 3.46 0.348
Pennsylvania 3.10 3.15 0.846 1.56 1.40 0.334 6.46 5.73 0.107 2.73 2.92 0.507
Rhode Island 3.94 3.53 0.246 1.87 1.68 0.474 7.32 7.12 0.792 3.54 3.06 0.286
South Carolina 3.97a 3.16 0.041 1.41 1.39 0.942 5.42 4.83 0.306 4.03b 3.09 0.060
South Dakota 3.69 3.68 0.958 2.35 2.13 0.530 7.96 7.23 0.352 3.08 3.23 0.737
Tennessee 3.21 2.79 0.166 1.54 1.38 0.495 5.71 5.31 0.498 3.01 2.54 0.224
Texas 3.14 2.91 0.264 1.82a 1.39 0.025 6.03 5.95 0.848 2.79 2.55 0.386
Utah 2.94b 2.48 0.082 1.88b 1.43 0.088 5.44 5.06 0.543 2.50 2.05 0.186
Vermont 3.74b 3.17 0.087 1.85 1.62 0.375 7.19 6.65 0.393 3.35 2.72 0.141
Virginia 3.34 3.04 0.267 1.81 1.53 0.220 7.87 6.84 0.107 2.74 2.56 0.601
Washington 3.06 3.37 0.313 1.83 1.76 0.809 6.85 6.78 0.911 2.59 3.00 0.297
West Virginia 3.17b 2.63 0.072 1.74 1.46 0.277 6.12 6.31 0.759 2.88b 2.19 0.071
Wisconsin 3.42a 2.76 0.036 1.78b 1.35 0.072 6.94a 5.34 0.014 3.01 2.49 0.185
Wyoming 3.58 3.30 0.355 2.14b 1.67 0.087 7.96a 6.60 0.047 2.95 2.90 0.897
121001
Table 18 – Illicit Drug Dependence or Abuse in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2009-2010)		 12+
(2010-2011)		 12+
(P Value)		 12-17
(2009-2010)		 12-17
(2010-2011)		 12-17
(P Value)		 18-25
(2009-2010)		 18-25
(2010-2011)		 18-25
(P Value)		 26+
(2009-2010)		 26+
(2010-2011)		 26+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2009-2010 and the 2010-2011 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
NOTE: Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically, including data from original methamphetamine questions but not including new methamphetamine items added in 2005 and 2006. See Section B.4.8 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2008 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings.
NOTE: Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV).
a Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2009, 2010, and 2011 (2009 and 2010 Data – Revised March 2012).
Total U.S. 2.82a 2.67 0.012 4.52 4.69 0.202 7.80 7.68 0.487 1.74a 1.55 0.005
Northeast 2.94a 2.68 0.003 4.54 4.59 0.811 8.78a 8.05 0.023 1.76a 1.56 0.043
Midwest 2.68b 2.55 0.082 4.41 4.39 0.910 7.53 7.27 0.241 1.61 1.50 0.197
South 2.70 2.58 0.105 4.21 4.35 0.423 7.15 7.14 0.965 1.74a 1.57 0.044
West 3.06 2.94 0.233 5.07b 5.54 0.085 8.28 8.60 0.332 1.85a 1.58 0.018
Alabama 2.68b 2.39 0.099 3.94 4.03 0.866 6.81 6.53 0.657 1.81b 1.46 0.083
Alaska 2.79 2.71 0.685 4.48 5.45 0.160 7.19 7.04 0.840 1.68 1.49 0.353
Arizona 3.06 3.09 0.875 4.87b 6.05 0.079 8.15 8.10 0.945 1.96 1.85 0.685
Arkansas 2.63 2.56 0.679 4.25 4.42 0.764 6.52 6.87 0.592 1.78 1.59 0.387
California 3.15 3.02 0.381 5.11 5.76 0.125 8.20 8.91 0.159 1.92a 1.55 0.025
Colorado 3.19 2.98 0.287 6.25 5.45 0.236 9.38 10.11 0.381 1.76 1.45 0.158
Connecticut 2.91 2.70 0.325 4.42 4.56 0.816 9.05 7.87 0.142 1.72 1.63 0.721
Delaware 2.77 2.76 0.969 4.89 4.59 0.606 8.33 8.19 0.861 1.60 1.64 0.879
District of Columbia 3.85 3.42 0.160 3.76 4.54 0.204 7.10 6.84 0.722 3.15 2.56 0.116
Florida 2.71 2.59 0.400 4.33 4.34 0.987 7.39 8.13 0.118 1.83 1.57 0.106
Georgia 2.22 2.39 0.305 3.86 4.08 0.674 5.80 6.32 0.411 1.37 1.46 0.650
Hawaii 2.57a 2.08 0.018 4.07 4.40 0.578 7.40a 5.86 0.042 1.65b 1.25 0.087
Idaho 3.14a 2.66 0.008 4.56 4.47 0.878 8.30 7.27 0.125 2.00a 1.55 0.037
Illinois 2.67 2.58 0.434 4.32 4.10 0.564 7.99 8.07 0.881 1.50 1.42 0.560
Indiana 2.98a 2.44 0.004 4.21 3.80 0.461 8.04 6.99 0.113 1.94a 1.45 0.029
Iowa 2.09 2.23 0.419 4.85 4.36 0.394 5.48 6.24 0.239 1.14 1.25 0.608
Kansas 2.52 2.57 0.766 3.93 4.51 0.288 7.41 7.28 0.838 1.40 1.42 0.895
Kentucky 2.68 2.53 0.385 4.71 4.75 0.942 7.83 7.10 0.311 1.62 1.51 0.598
Louisiana 2.70b 2.39 0.095 3.73 3.91 0.693 7.29a 5.94 0.042 1.68 1.53 0.486
Maine 2.60a 2.22 0.026 3.99 3.71 0.579 9.75 8.47 0.145 1.43 1.16 0.141
Maryland 2.95b 2.61 0.090 3.93 4.19 0.629 8.45 8.00 0.571 1.90b 1.52 0.088
Massachusetts 3.31a 2.76 0.012 5.27 6.15 0.180 9.24 7.95 0.103 2.04a 1.47 0.024
Michigan 2.75b 2.51 0.077 4.40 4.81 0.258 7.62 6.97 0.127 1.70 1.44 0.108
Minnesota 2.49 2.48 0.927 4.15 4.82 0.277 7.37 7.53 0.801 1.45 1.34 0.543
Mississippi 2.98 2.77 0.275 3.97 3.83 0.780 7.45 7.38 0.918 2.01 1.77 0.295
Missouri 2.67 2.80 0.484 4.18 4.67 0.356 7.87 8.53 0.373 1.61 1.59 0.920
Montana 2.70 2.76 0.758 4.97 5.74 0.237 7.99 8.24 0.715 1.52 1.48 0.859
Nebraska 2.24 2.28 0.775 3.90 3.89 0.989 5.64 5.63 0.998 1.37 1.46 0.669
Nevada 2.90 2.66 0.265 4.37 4.70 0.613 7.04 6.95 0.906 2.08 1.72 0.167
New Hampshire 3.41a 2.89 0.025 6.49 6.36 0.845 10.58b 9.14 0.094 1.92 1.49 0.127
New Jersey 2.59 2.61 0.884 3.93 4.80 0.151 7.75 8.22 0.515 1.63 1.50 0.523
New Mexico 3.17 3.11 0.778 6.80 7.07 0.746 8.31 8.89 0.499 1.76 1.57 0.461
New York 2.99a 2.68 0.024 4.49 4.09 0.260 8.97b 8.01 0.093 1.75 1.58 0.273
North Carolina 2.76 2.69 0.680 4.10 4.86 0.183 7.75 7.79 0.953 1.77 1.58 0.343
North Dakota 2.03 2.03 0.992 3.88 3.87 0.987 5.24 4.97 0.638 1.06 1.16 0.635
Ohio 2.85 2.78 0.638 4.57 4.42 0.663 8.03 7.49 0.264 1.79 1.81 0.922
Oklahoma 3.09a 2.52 0.006 4.83 4.13 0.322 8.06a 6.47 0.020 1.95 1.59 0.146
Oregon 3.18 3.05 0.559 5.53 5.65 0.840 9.14 9.24 0.911 1.95 1.75 0.440
Pennsylvania 2.83 2.67 0.279 4.50 4.27 0.564 8.24 7.70 0.291 1.75 1.65 0.589
Rhode Island 3.42a 2.86 0.015 5.14 4.55 0.338 10.35a 8.48 0.030 1.91 1.60 0.262
South Carolina 2.84 2.62 0.267 4.02 4.73 0.195 7.03 7.12 0.890 2.01b 1.61 0.092
South Dakota 2.38 2.23 0.422 4.93 4.54 0.545 5.91 5.56 0.570 1.42 1.35 0.772
Tennessee 2.60b 2.90 0.091 4.05 4.65 0.258 6.52a 8.66 0.003 1.81 1.76 0.828
Texas 2.62 2.54 0.545 4.35 4.35 0.999 6.57 6.24 0.450 1.62 1.57 0.783
Utah 2.97 2.78 0.339 4.73 4.51 0.689 7.24 6.32 0.189 1.62 1.64 0.907
Vermont 3.17 3.35 0.460 4.52 5.31 0.146 10.97 11.86 0.346 1.68 1.64 0.871
Virginia 2.86b 2.54 0.074 4.65 4.45 0.715 8.06 7.33 0.327 1.74 1.47 0.222
Washington 2.72 2.72 0.998 4.25 4.70 0.420 9.03 8.76 0.740 1.51 1.49 0.909
West Virginia 2.70 2.63 0.742 3.47 3.70 0.681 8.79 9.25 0.539 1.70 1.50 0.429
Wisconsin 2.70b 2.40 0.091 5.16 4.36 0.204 6.96 6.12 0.166 1.65 1.51 0.521
Wyoming 2.31 2.19 0.506 4.99 4.19 0.200 6.02 5.76 0.674 1.30 1.30 0.993
121001
Table 19 – Illicit Drug Dependence in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2009-2010)		 12+
(2010-2011)		 12+
(P Value)		 12-17
(2009-2010)		 12-17
(2010-2011)		 12-17
(P Value)		 18-25
(2009-2010)		 18-25
(2010-2011)		 18-25
(P Value)		 26+
(2009-2010)		 26+
(2010-2011)		 26+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2009-2010 and the 2010-2011 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
NOTE: Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically, including data from original methamphetamine questions but not including new methamphetamine items added in 2005 and 2006. See Section B.4.8 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2008 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings.
NOTE: Dependence is based on the definition found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV).
a Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2009, 2010, and 2011 (2009 and 2010 Data – Revised March 2012).
Total U.S. 1.93b 1.84 0.084 2.44 2.54 0.322 5.43 5.36 0.630 1.25b 1.14 0.051
Northeast 2.13a 1.91 0.009 2.51 2.46 0.749 6.41a 5.67 0.006 1.36 1.21 0.129
Midwest 1.85 1.76 0.160 2.37 2.40 0.825 5.14 5.02 0.491 1.21 1.11 0.217
South 1.82 1.74 0.254 2.27 2.37 0.415 4.93 4.93 0.966 1.22 1.11 0.155
West 2.02 2.03 0.888 2.70 2.98 0.190 5.70 6.10 0.186 1.26 1.17 0.425
Alabama 1.78 1.61 0.255 2.11 2.15 0.911 4.85 4.65 0.699 1.20 1.01 0.255
Alaska 1.93 1.88 0.733 2.61 2.88 0.531 4.85 4.74 0.848 1.26 1.18 0.643
Arizona 1.94 2.20 0.172 2.63 3.50 0.126 5.63 6.15 0.502 1.23 1.35 0.530
Arkansas 1.86 1.77 0.526 2.36 2.48 0.771 4.45 4.60 0.792 1.37 1.20 0.313
California 2.05 2.09 0.793 2.62 3.04 0.170 5.76 6.42 0.147 1.27 1.15 0.408
Colorado 1.84 1.82 0.917 3.49 2.83 0.192 5.04 5.86 0.234 1.09 1.00 0.606
Connecticut 2.02 1.98 0.779 2.40 2.55 0.729 6.01 5.66 0.547 1.32 1.31 0.943
Delaware 2.09 2.02 0.662 2.90 2.65 0.538 6.72 6.33 0.600 1.24 1.22 0.947
District of Columbia 2.55 2.54 0.940 2.09 2.73 0.170 4.70 4.74 0.950 2.12 2.02 0.735
Florida 1.66 1.64 0.834 2.21 2.29 0.738 4.92 5.33 0.283 1.11 1.01 0.386
Georgia 1.45 1.53 0.558 2.11 2.23 0.746 3.48 4.06 0.264 1.00 0.98 0.876
Hawaii 1.55 1.39 0.378 2.04 2.40 0.419 4.56 3.95 0.310 1.02 0.88 0.508
Idaho 2.18a 1.83 0.019 2.80 2.61 0.623 5.80 5.00 0.175 1.44b 1.13 0.089
Illinois 1.87 1.80 0.540 2.20 2.44 0.318 5.67 5.58 0.810 1.14 1.06 0.525
Indiana 2.08a 1.67 0.007 2.45 2.24 0.600 5.66b 4.69 0.086 1.41a 1.06 0.044
Iowa 1.41 1.50 0.558 2.84 2.36 0.243 3.42b 4.45 0.057 0.87 0.86 0.947
Kansas 1.63 1.68 0.749 2.12 2.49 0.341 4.46 4.66 0.719 1.03 1.01 0.906
Kentucky 1.99 1.87 0.432 2.36 2.45 0.804 6.13 5.84 0.674 1.29 1.15 0.400
Louisiana 1.99a 1.69 0.044 2.28 2.25 0.936 5.25 4.48 0.151 1.33 1.09 0.175
Maine 2.05a 1.57 0.002 2.36 2.10 0.492 7.69a 5.77 0.006 1.21b 0.91 0.062
Maryland 2.12 1.90 0.171 2.18 2.27 0.806 6.04 5.91 0.856 1.45 1.18 0.142
Massachusetts 2.38b 2.07 0.096 2.98 3.22 0.603 6.87 6.22 0.344 1.52 1.21 0.158
Michigan 1.88b 1.69 0.080 2.33 2.50 0.522 5.46 4.98 0.188 1.21 1.02 0.131
Minnesota 1.51 1.54 0.788 2.17 2.50 0.397 4.09 4.47 0.493 0.98 0.93 0.720
Mississippi 2.03 1.96 0.632 2.10 2.24 0.705 5.10 5.25 0.791 1.44 1.31 0.397
Missouri 1.88 1.87 0.943 2.36 2.41 0.907 5.57 5.66 0.870 1.20 1.16 0.799
Montana 1.92 2.00 0.613 2.52 2.91 0.388 5.51 6.04 0.337 1.23 1.20 0.870
Nebraska 1.60 1.60 0.956 2.39 2.01 0.336 3.79 3.95 0.729 1.08 1.11 0.901
Nevada 1.87 1.99 0.463 2.60 2.79 0.680 4.86 5.45 0.364 1.31 1.34 0.886
New Hampshire 2.35a 1.95 0.036 3.38 3.09 0.563 7.28 6.48 0.263 1.45 1.10 0.108
New Jersey 1.79 1.68 0.443 2.04 2.30 0.507 5.52 5.29 0.717 1.18 1.05 0.424
New Mexico 1.98 1.97 0.941 3.53 3.56 0.954 5.80 6.11 0.681 1.08 1.02 0.776
New York 2.22b 1.99 0.088 2.44 2.27 0.503 6.59a 5.68 0.050 1.42 1.32 0.512
North Carolina 1.95 1.85 0.507 2.30 2.61 0.445 5.65 5.55 0.868 1.29 1.14 0.391
North Dakota 1.47 1.43 0.824 2.28 2.01 0.524 3.57 3.78 0.682 0.88 0.84 0.818
Ohio 2.04 2.01 0.814 2.40 2.47 0.804 5.64 5.50 0.725 1.41 1.39 0.866
Oklahoma 1.99 1.77 0.205 2.50 2.19 0.488 5.10 4.68 0.439 1.35 1.19 0.418
Oregon 2.32 2.22 0.622 2.99 2.87 0.781 6.82 6.72 0.884 1.53 1.42 0.660
Pennsylvania 2.08b 1.82 0.054 2.59 2.37 0.443 6.19a 5.34 0.049 1.34 1.16 0.264
Rhode Island 2.42 2.14 0.190 3.18 2.77 0.369 7.03 5.85 0.132 1.47 1.36 0.657
South Carolina 1.76 1.62 0.296 1.93 2.24 0.403 4.54 4.29 0.624 1.28 1.09 0.251
South Dakota 1.61 1.64 0.826 2.80 2.64 0.711 3.88 4.21 0.533 1.04 1.06 0.927
Tennessee 1.75a 2.13 0.017 2.05 2.48 0.255 4.48a 6.51 0.001 1.28 1.38 0.582
Texas 1.77 1.65 0.284 2.38 2.41 0.917 4.60b 4.01 0.085 1.14 1.10 0.711
Utah 1.99 1.81 0.253 2.45 2.33 0.760 4.79 4.34 0.416 1.22 1.13 0.585
Vermont 2.28 2.29 0.972 2.51 2.85 0.428 7.82 8.24 0.602 1.30 1.18 0.564
Virginia 1.94 1.77 0.245 2.50 2.52 0.952 5.31 5.17 0.790 1.29 1.09 0.261
Washington 2.03 1.95 0.617 2.57 2.75 0.668 6.52 6.10 0.535 1.23 1.16 0.722
West Virginia 2.18 2.09 0.625 2.13 2.45 0.443 7.50 7.73 0.754 1.38 1.18 0.348
Wisconsin 1.84 1.71 0.460 2.71 2.15 0.174 4.54 4.25 0.548 1.26 1.22 0.841
Wyoming 1.55 1.44 0.466 2.68 2.01 0.119 3.76 3.72 0.948 1.01 0.95 0.758
121001
Table 20 – Dependence or Abuse of Illicit Drugs or Alcohol in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2009-2010)		 12+
(2010-2011)		 12+
(P Value)		 12-17
(2009-2010)		 12-17
(2010-2011)		 12-17
(P Value)		 18-25
(2009-2010)		 18-25
(2010-2011)		 18-25
(P Value)		 26+
(2009-2010)		 26+
(2010-2011)		 26+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2009-2010 and the 2010-2011 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
NOTE: Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically, including data from original methamphetamine questions but not including new methamphetamine items added in 2005 and 2006. See Section B.4.8 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2008 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings.
NOTE: Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV).
a Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2009, 2010, and 2011 (2009 and 2010 Data – Revised March 2012).
Total U.S. 8.87a 8.38 0.000 7.20 7.11 0.562 20.04a 19.26 0.003 7.14a 6.64 0.001
Northeast 9.07 8.76 0.133 7.38 7.31 0.799 21.50a 20.06 0.004 7.18 7.04 0.597
Midwest 8.98a 8.51 0.005 7.15b 6.76 0.067 20.57a 19.70 0.036 7.19b 6.79 0.064
South 8.31a 7.56 0.000 6.55 6.43 0.564 18.66a 17.63 0.009 6.76a 5.96 0.000
West 9.51 9.26 0.288 8.10 8.32 0.534 20.53 20.79 0.639 7.69 7.30 0.198
Alabama 8.29a 6.67 0.000 6.64 5.95 0.331 17.65 15.87 0.126 6.89a 5.15 0.001
Alaska 9.14 9.26 0.817 7.16 7.70 0.521 19.22 19.18 0.972 7.43 7.55 0.869
Arizona 9.38b 10.33 0.090 7.55 8.52 0.266 21.64 21.28 0.807 7.55b 8.70 0.093
Arkansas 7.86a 6.85 0.020 6.65 6.02 0.388 17.52 15.68 0.143 6.42b 5.46 0.067
California 9.84b 9.17 0.061 8.30 8.79 0.390 20.31 20.92 0.475 8.07a 7.02 0.026
Colorado 10.21 9.92 0.600 9.45 8.14 0.127 23.73 23.60 0.920 7.97 7.76 0.759
Connecticut 9.36 8.99 0.505 7.18 7.30 0.877 22.66 21.22 0.291 7.47 7.22 0.722
Delaware 8.91b 7.92 0.051 7.89b 6.59 0.092 22.02a 19.25 0.037 6.87 6.18 0.275
District of Columbia 12.03 12.68 0.385 5.74 6.71 0.222 20.29 21.30 0.460 10.77 11.22 0.630
Florida 8.32a 7.54 0.010 6.93 6.63 0.509 17.63 17.73 0.896 7.07a 6.08 0.010
Georgia 7.49 6.90 0.164 5.86 6.33 0.448 18.31 17.06 0.340 5.83 5.17 0.212
Hawaii 8.81 8.63 0.771 8.17 7.74 0.677 20.38 19.99 0.790 7.04 6.97 0.925
Idaho 9.66 9.19 0.354 8.02 7.34 0.390 21.40 19.77 0.197 7.75 7.49 0.679
Illinois 8.75 8.38 0.235 6.71 6.42 0.531 20.96 21.04 0.922 6.81 6.42 0.323
Indiana 8.85 8.33 0.260 6.56 5.85 0.308 19.97 19.33 0.611 7.22 6.70 0.365
Iowa 9.17 8.67 0.298 8.06 7.17 0.252 21.82 21.24 0.650 7.02 6.59 0.470
Kansas 9.05 8.39 0.122 7.50 7.17 0.647 20.76 19.50 0.319 7.02 6.46 0.286
Kentucky 7.66a 6.45 0.005 6.58 6.22 0.610 18.23a 15.52 0.031 6.10a 4.98 0.030
Louisiana 8.24b 7.46 0.073 5.61 5.64 0.957 19.00a 16.66 0.047 6.53 5.97 0.303
Maine 7.96a 6.78 0.014 6.36 5.93 0.506 20.84b 18.38 0.054 6.30b 5.20 0.060
Maryland 8.17a 6.78 0.003 5.64 5.62 0.976 18.57 17.53 0.425 6.73a 5.12 0.005
Massachusetts 10.75 10.22 0.356 8.46 9.01 0.507 25.05 23.38 0.244 8.48 8.05 0.543
Michigan 9.30a 8.60 0.038 7.21 7.15 0.893 19.72 18.50 0.116 7.78 7.08 0.103
Minnesota 9.05 9.12 0.879 7.04 7.61 0.471 20.70 21.30 0.636 7.29 7.24 0.939
Mississippi 7.82b 7.10 0.080 6.11 5.74 0.578 17.18 16.38 0.478 6.32 5.56 0.145
Missouri 7.98 7.33 0.153 6.84 6.99 0.826 18.48 18.25 0.844 6.35 5.50 0.131
Montana 10.63 10.31 0.596 9.95 9.94 0.993 25.89b 23.47 0.092 8.05 8.09 0.952
Nebraska 9.08a 8.04 0.027 6.51 6.23 0.694 20.87 19.23 0.184 7.13 6.19 0.105
Nevada 9.85 10.49 0.315 7.89 7.82 0.941 21.29 20.89 0.787 8.34 9.16 0.295
New Hampshire 9.79a 8.70 0.035 9.86 8.94 0.291 24.04a 21.26 0.036 7.53 6.67 0.177
New Jersey 7.79 8.21 0.371 6.08b 7.54 0.075 18.61 19.46 0.492 6.33 6.59 0.657
New Mexico 9.48 9.17 0.583 9.77 9.33 0.658 20.04 20.85 0.543 7.52 7.07 0.537
New York 9.14a 8.39 0.028 7.76a 6.77 0.043 21.45a 18.95 0.003 7.13 6.74 0.362
North Carolina 7.82b 7.03 0.053 5.89 6.67 0.269 17.94 17.44 0.639 6.37a 5.33 0.045
North Dakota 9.38 9.44 0.906 6.69 6.78 0.909 21.62 22.30 0.591 6.87 6.87 0.999
Ohio 9.08 8.86 0.503 7.37 6.71 0.127 21.43a 19.70 0.027 7.27 7.34 0.861
Oklahoma 9.54 8.89 0.262 7.38 6.49 0.284 20.48b 17.96 0.064 7.80 7.54 0.713
Oregon 9.67 9.77 0.865 8.79 8.02 0.294 20.54 20.56 0.990 8.03 8.22 0.783
Pennsylvania 8.74 8.87 0.708 7.02 6.98 0.945 20.58 19.56 0.243 6.99 7.31 0.459
Rhode Island 10.78 10.68 0.868 7.59 7.35 0.769 23.07 22.99 0.955 8.84 8.72 0.873
South Carolina 9.45a 8.06 0.009 6.33 6.82 0.494 18.62 17.41 0.305 8.31a 6.63 0.013
South Dakota 10.25 9.97 0.637 8.74 8.44 0.740 22.38 20.31 0.147 8.22 8.30 0.920
Tennessee 8.06 8.21 0.752 6.05 6.84 0.218 18.33 19.06 0.565 6.69 6.61 0.892
Texas 8.26 7.95 0.337 6.92 6.50 0.377 18.49 17.51 0.181 6.50 6.34 0.707
Utah 7.43a 6.28 0.008 6.17 5.63 0.443 16.33 14.24 0.109 5.45b 4.50 0.070
Vermont 9.87 9.96 0.878 8.02 9.00 0.245 25.59 25.24 0.798 7.36 7.37 0.995
Virginia 9.63a 8.20 0.003 7.65 6.96 0.335 23.09b 20.61 0.061 7.52a 6.19 0.022
Washington 7.90b 8.70 0.084 6.42 7.17 0.333 19.63 21.09 0.235 6.16 6.82 0.234
West Virginia 7.69 7.12 0.195 6.16 6.09 0.920 18.90 19.30 0.733 6.16 5.36 0.133
Wisconsin 9.50b 8.61 0.077 8.21a 6.48 0.029 20.88a 18.13 0.029 7.67 7.22 0.462
Wyoming 8.77 8.34 0.379 8.53a 6.89 0.042 19.83 18.96 0.486 6.76 6.59 0.770
121001
Table 21 – Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2009-2010)		 12+
(2010-2011)		 12+
(P Value)		 12-17
(2009-2010)		 12-17
(2010-2011)		 12-17
(P Value)		 18-25
(2009-2010)		 18-25
(2010-2011)		 18-25
(P Value)		 26+
(2009-2010)		 26+
(2010-2011)		 26+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2009-2010 and the 2010-2011 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
NOTE: Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for illicit drugs, but not receiving treatment for an illicit drug problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers). Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), inhalants, hallucinogens, heroin, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically, including data from original methamphetamine questions but not including new methamphetamine items added in 2005 and 2006. See Section B.4.8 in Appendix B of the Results from the 2008 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings.
a Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2009, 2010, and 2011 (2009 and 2010 Data – Revised March 2012).
Total U.S. 2.53a 2.40 0.016 4.21 4.34 0.319 7.14 7.05 0.570 1.52a 1.34 0.006
Northeast 2.57a 2.37 0.018 4.23 4.22 0.968 7.93a 7.33 0.041 1.47 1.33 0.129
Midwest 2.39a 2.24 0.024 4.09 4.02 0.672 6.91 6.64 0.190 1.39b 1.25 0.085
South 2.41 2.31 0.146 3.94 4.06 0.418 6.57 6.54 0.888 1.51b 1.36 0.069
West 2.82 2.69 0.203 4.74 5.14 0.131 7.61 7.98 0.256 1.70a 1.42 0.015
Alabama 2.37 2.14 0.148 3.67 3.74 0.875 6.44 6.34 0.859 1.50b 1.20 0.099
Alaska 2.74 2.78 0.863 4.19b 5.22 0.071 6.49 6.62 0.845 1.79 1.69 0.722
Arizona 2.72 2.78 0.764 4.46b 5.70 0.060 7.67 7.50 0.825 1.65 1.60 0.806
Arkansas 2.28 2.21 0.681 4.02 4.02 0.997 6.04 6.47 0.508 1.44 1.27 0.355
California 2.95 2.79 0.324 4.87 5.31 0.266 7.52 8.34 0.106 1.82a 1.42 0.022
Colorado 2.88 2.58 0.133 5.72 5.05 0.291 8.95 9.26 0.705 1.50b 1.13 0.070
Connecticut 2.46 2.28 0.367 4.09 3.98 0.818 7.90 6.96 0.197 1.38 1.31 0.764
Delaware 2.40 2.34 0.744 4.14 3.84 0.530 7.23 7.04 0.787 1.40 1.38 0.905
District of Columbia 2.80 2.74 0.794 3.54 4.32 0.154 6.43 6.14 0.661 1.94 1.84 0.727
Florida 2.47 2.39 0.574 4.05 4.16 0.753 6.76 7.48 0.126 1.65 1.42 0.180
Georgia 2.04 2.14 0.560 3.57 3.76 0.686 5.20 5.31 0.841 1.29 1.35 0.715
Hawaii 2.39a 1.96 0.041 3.78 4.20 0.474 7.01b 5.69 0.053 1.50 1.14 0.122
Idaho 2.85a 2.41 0.021 4.39 4.33 0.893 7.70 6.65 0.106 1.75b 1.36 0.067
Illinois 2.44 2.27 0.167 4.04 3.85 0.538 7.54 7.66 0.790 1.31 1.12 0.170
Indiana 2.66a 2.21 0.016 3.99 3.35 0.190 7.43 6.50 0.120 1.66b 1.29 0.095
Iowa 2.00 1.96 0.814 4.60 4.04 0.301 5.28 5.72 0.459 1.09 1.03 0.719
Kansas 2.12 2.10 0.891 3.49 4.10 0.170 6.46 6.02 0.459 1.11 1.10 0.932
Kentucky 2.45 2.25 0.274 4.27 4.41 0.766 7.23 6.60 0.367 1.47 1.27 0.326
Louisiana 2.46 2.25 0.276 3.50 3.66 0.698 6.68a 5.46 0.050 1.51 1.47 0.847
Maine 2.38b 2.06 0.095 3.66 3.25 0.376 8.71 7.88 0.334 1.35 1.10 0.214
Maryland 2.55 2.29 0.151 3.77 3.96 0.705 7.81 7.33 0.552 1.51 1.24 0.142
Massachusetts 2.92a 2.44 0.022 5.24 5.80 0.356 8.64a 7.18 0.035 1.64b 1.23 0.067
Michigan 2.39b 2.15 0.086 4.06 4.28 0.496 6.58 6.17 0.276 1.46 1.19 0.103
Minnesota 2.29 2.19 0.527 3.87 4.36 0.359 6.89 6.77 0.854 1.30 1.15 0.374
Mississippi 2.73 2.59 0.461 3.63 3.58 0.903 7.03 6.91 0.851 1.80 1.65 0.485
Missouri 2.47 2.54 0.686 3.85 4.22 0.414 7.16 7.71 0.368 1.50 1.44 0.782
Montana 2.42 2.46 0.818 4.65 5.38 0.218 7.23 7.56 0.601 1.32 1.25 0.717
Nebraska 1.95 2.01 0.689 3.59 3.63 0.917 5.07 5.07 0.985 1.13 1.24 0.572
Nevada 2.50 2.43 0.760 4.02 4.31 0.581 6.52 5.85 0.304 1.69 1.65 0.871
New Hampshire 2.88a 2.45 0.048 6.11 6.00 0.859 9.58 8.29 0.107 1.45 1.11 0.142
New Jersey 2.14 2.18 0.808 3.69 4.36 0.187 6.86 7.26 0.571 1.22 1.14 0.604
New Mexico 2.93 2.83 0.658 6.29 6.68 0.619 7.87 8.19 0.694 1.59 1.38 0.395
New York 2.73 2.50 0.106 4.07 3.78 0.347 8.29 7.60 0.184 1.58 1.47 0.451
North Carolina 2.50 2.46 0.819 3.83 4.42 0.225 7.01 7.19 0.770 1.59 1.43 0.461
North Dakota 1.84 1.80 0.833 3.35 3.52 0.760 4.90 4.58 0.553 0.95 0.98 0.830
Ohio 2.48 2.39 0.496 4.18 4.11 0.815 7.42 6.80 0.159 1.46 1.45 0.930
Oklahoma 2.64b 2.26 0.069 4.47 3.75 0.192 6.93b 5.86 0.066 1.62 1.40 0.386
Oregon 2.82 2.79 0.887 5.00 5.37 0.468 8.03 8.81 0.336 1.74 1.53 0.401
Pennsylvania 2.41 2.30 0.379 4.21 3.96 0.488 7.16 6.79 0.427 1.42 1.35 0.669
Rhode Island 2.99b 2.52 0.060 4.82 4.29 0.328 9.42a 7.75 0.041 1.56 1.32 0.368
South Carolina 2.52 2.33 0.333 3.89 4.54 0.182 6.46 6.58 0.843 1.70 1.35 0.122
South Dakota 2.07 1.91 0.378 4.38 4.12 0.640 5.54 4.79 0.174 1.15 1.13 0.896
Tennessee 2.36 2.62 0.181 3.62 4.15 0.226 6.04a 7.67 0.013 1.63 1.62 0.963
Texas 2.36 2.26 0.429 4.07 4.09 0.957 6.19 5.81 0.377 1.38 1.32 0.663
Utah 2.57 2.50 0.696 4.30 4.26 0.930 6.09 5.56 0.386 1.41 1.47 0.764
Vermont 2.72 2.77 0.795 4.20 4.75 0.266 9.52 10.34 0.319 1.38 1.23 0.474
Virginia 2.47b 2.18 0.078 4.47 4.25 0.631 7.38 6.74 0.326 1.37 1.14 0.179
Washington 2.57 2.49 0.661 3.75 4.18 0.365 8.38 8.05 0.674 1.48 1.36 0.569
West Virginia 2.31 2.32 0.959 3.24 3.32 0.858 7.74 8.53 0.275 1.40 1.27 0.560
Wisconsin 2.41 2.17 0.219 4.88 4.15 0.219 6.49 5.72 0.165 1.39 1.32 0.723
Wyoming 2.09 1.95 0.427 4.38 3.85 0.328 5.71 5.09 0.298 1.15 1.16 0.961
121001
Table 22 – Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 NSDUHs
State 12+
(2009-2010)		 12+
(2010-2011)		 12+
(P Value)		 12-17
(2009-2010)		 12-17
(2010-2011)		 12-17
(P Value)		 18-25
(2009-2010)		 18-25
(2010-2011)		 18-25
(P Value)		 26+
(2009-2010)		 26+
(2010-2011)		 26+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2009-2010 and the 2010-2011 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
NOTE: Needing But Not Receiving Treatment refers to respondents classified as needing treatment for alcohol, but not receiving treatment for an alcohol problem at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facilities [inpatient or outpatient], hospitals [inpatient only], and mental health centers).
a Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2009, 2010, and 2011 (2009 and 2010 Data – Revised March 2012).
Total U.S. 6.88a 6.45 0.000 4.41a 4.03 0.004 15.26a 14.46 0.001 5.73a 5.36 0.006
Northeast 6.90 6.71 0.298 4.44b 4.08 0.070 16.23a 15.13 0.005 5.62 5.61 0.957
Midwest 6.98a 6.64 0.020 4.37a 3.87 0.002 15.91a 15.20 0.033 5.75 5.50 0.180
South 6.46a 5.74 0.000 4.08a 3.66 0.009 14.04a 12.89 0.000 5.46a 4.77 0.000
West 7.42 7.18 0.244 4.94 4.72 0.371 15.80 15.71 0.851 6.22 5.96 0.317
Alabama 6.50a 5.05 0.000 4.26a 3.35 0.035 12.87b 11.31 0.083 5.68a 4.16 0.001
Alaska 7.13 7.44 0.534 4.40 4.21 0.717 14.86 15.13 0.811 6.00 6.40 0.531
Arizona 7.15 7.68 0.280 4.59 4.48 0.843 16.65 16.02 0.588 5.87 6.67 0.178
Arkansas 6.15a 4.94 0.003 4.39 3.77 0.174 13.53a 11.03 0.009 5.15a 4.06 0.026
California 7.76a 7.11 0.046 5.15 5.08 0.874 15.61 15.62 0.991 6.62a 5.80 0.042
Colorado 8.17 8.09 0.869 5.32 4.47 0.150 19.29 18.75 0.658 6.60 6.67 0.911
Connecticut 7.51 6.97 0.299 4.67 4.06 0.250 17.93 16.54 0.281 6.17 5.78 0.546
Delaware 6.69b 5.89 0.087 4.40b 3.55 0.074 15.64 13.82 0.110 5.49 4.84 0.248
District of Columbia 9.21b 10.59 0.052 3.37 2.91 0.419 16.73 17.67 0.451 8.07b 9.61 0.076
Florida 6.38a 5.58 0.004 4.40b 3.86 0.087 13.12 12.58 0.387 5.57a 4.70 0.009
Georgia 5.88b 5.22 0.085 3.53 3.65 0.783 13.49 12.07 0.160 4.87 4.21 0.155
Hawaii 7.46 7.62 0.785 5.25 4.45 0.291 16.97 17.60 0.651 6.19 6.43 0.749
Idaho 7.02 6.96 0.892 4.79 4.24 0.250 16.04 15.13 0.411 5.69 5.83 0.795
Illinois 6.89 6.57 0.246 3.96 3.73 0.484 16.19 15.94 0.730 5.60 5.30 0.397
Indiana 6.67 6.44 0.585 4.09 3.51 0.184 14.99 15.03 0.973 5.57 5.29 0.597
Iowa 7.86 7.50 0.461 5.24b 4.19 0.065 18.73 17.95 0.504 6.21 6.01 0.736
Kansas 7.38b 6.60 0.059 4.95 4.34 0.228 16.63 15.17 0.160 5.93 5.29 0.209
Kentucky 5.84a 4.48 0.000 4.06 3.61 0.325 13.15a 10.48 0.005 4.88a 3.59 0.004
Louisiana 6.38 5.97 0.327 3.35 3.06 0.447 13.84 12.98 0.382 5.36 5.03 0.524
Maine 6.21a 5.16 0.009 4.16 3.68 0.281 15.77b 13.70 0.070 5.07a 4.09 0.038
Maryland 5.97a 4.81 0.005 3.30 2.89 0.307 13.36 11.90 0.178 5.05a 3.86 0.019
Massachusetts 7.94 7.98 0.926 4.98 4.71 0.624 19.07 18.18 0.480 6.30 6.56 0.666
Michigan 6.99 6.78 0.486 4.25 3.92 0.293 14.70 14.19 0.421 6.02 5.87 0.687
Minnesota 7.30 7.22 0.853 4.70 4.19 0.291 16.85 17.09 0.837 5.98 5.92 0.910
Mississippi 6.20a 5.29 0.013 3.71 3.30 0.320 12.92a 11.12 0.041 5.29b 4.47 0.078
Missouri 6.26a 5.27 0.010 4.49 4.00 0.275 13.77 12.96 0.409 5.21a 4.11 0.022
Montana 8.71 8.02 0.196 6.13 5.47 0.333 21.41a 17.98 0.006 6.79 6.59 0.752
Nebraska 7.39a 6.09 0.004 4.44 3.65 0.117 17.77a 15.32 0.031 5.77a 4.68 0.041
Nevada 8.00 8.69 0.257 5.15 4.51 0.338 17.31 17.03 0.815 6.93 7.89 0.198
New Hampshire 7.15 6.53 0.166 5.12 4.63 0.297 17.82b 15.91 0.087 5.69 5.25 0.416
New Jersey 6.07 6.19 0.782 3.86 4.11 0.617 13.82 14.29 0.671 5.15 5.22 0.894
New Mexico 7.14 6.67 0.324 5.21 4.37 0.161 15.29 15.03 0.820 5.89 5.49 0.492
New York 6.99b 6.43 0.079 4.69a 3.87 0.016 15.97a 13.96 0.004 5.67 5.41 0.509
North Carolina 6.01a 5.18 0.030 3.63 3.93 0.495 13.34 12.16 0.221 5.08a 4.16 0.049
North Dakota 7.90 8.50 0.213 4.32 4.01 0.543 19.11 20.47 0.238 5.72 6.33 0.312
Ohio 6.86 6.78 0.809 4.36b 3.81 0.098 16.04a 14.63 0.037 5.67 5.86 0.616
Oklahoma 7.15 6.83 0.540 4.58b 3.69 0.088 15.48 13.70 0.109 5.95 5.98 0.965
Oregon 7.13 7.35 0.624 4.75 4.01 0.120 15.06 15.22 0.882 6.12 6.46 0.556
Pennsylvania 6.51 6.75 0.433 4.07 4.01 0.865 15.80 15.08 0.344 5.26 5.68 0.258
Rhode Island 8.26 8.95 0.188 4.50 4.30 0.703 17.02 18.66 0.204 7.04 7.64 0.372
South Carolina 7.67a 6.33 0.005 3.90 3.90 0.997 13.99 12.49 0.138 7.08a 5.58 0.013
South Dakota 8.44 8.40 0.942 5.90 5.50 0.520 19.03 17.31 0.176 6.82 7.16 0.597
Tennessee 6.16 5.94 0.604 3.70 3.59 0.802 13.55 13.01 0.580 5.29 5.08 0.678
Texas 6.63 6.36 0.371 4.36a 3.65 0.040 14.40 13.89 0.421 5.47 5.32 0.698
Utah 5.40a 4.20 0.002 3.83 3.53 0.496 11.47 9.89 0.114 4.18a 2.96 0.013
Vermont 7.61b 6.77 0.084 4.68 4.61 0.892 19.00b 17.16 0.092 5.96 5.17 0.186
Virginia 7.52a 6.42 0.010 4.81 4.15 0.128 18.11a 15.32 0.011 6.01b 5.14 0.097
Washington 6.04b 6.86 0.052 4.10 4.28 0.717 14.60 16.10 0.179 4.88 5.64 0.127
West Virginia 5.53 5.08 0.203 4.16 3.80 0.435 13.19 13.54 0.724 4.52 3.92 0.155
Wisconsin 7.08 6.63 0.321 4.43b 3.63 0.093 15.92 14.57 0.214 5.85 5.62 0.676
Wyoming 7.17 6.71 0.309 5.38a 4.24 0.043 16.79 15.46 0.246 5.62 5.42 0.706
130812
Table 23 – Serious Mental Illness in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 NSDUHs
State 18+
(2009-2010)		 18+
(2010-2011)		 18+
(P Value)		 18-25
(2009-2010)		 18-25
(2010-2011)		 18-25
(P Value)		 26+
(2009-2010)		 26+
(2010-2011)		 26+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2009-2010 and the 2010-2011 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
NOTE: Serious mental illness (SMI) is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, that met the criteria found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) and resulted in serious functional impairment. Estimates for SMI presented in this table may differ from previously published SMI estimates because of revised estimation procedures. For details, see the NSDUH short report titled Revised Estimates of Mental Illness from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health at https://www.samhsa.gov/data.
a Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2009, 2010, and 2011 (2009 and 2010 Data – Revised March 2012 and October 2013; 2011 Data – Revised October 2013).
Total U.S. 3.88 3.95 0.510 3.63a 3.86 0.048 3.92 3.96 0.731
Northeast 3.74 3.68 0.722 3.74 3.87 0.509 3.74 3.65 0.638
Midwest 4.21 4.27 0.689 3.83 3.99 0.281 4.28 4.32 0.811
South 3.78 3.86 0.581 3.39a 3.71 0.029 3.85 3.89 0.817
West 3.84 3.99 0.405 3.75 3.95 0.378 3.85 4.00 0.497
Alabama 5.00 5.73 0.169 3.66 3.95 0.527 5.23 6.04 0.187
Alaska 4.07 4.12 0.909 3.50 3.87 0.380 4.19 4.17 0.975
Arizona 4.37 4.94 0.225 3.92 4.36 0.410 4.44 5.04 0.266
Arkansas 4.94 5.41 0.379 3.97 4.28 0.558 5.10 5.60 0.422
California 3.24 3.32 0.787 3.69 3.72 0.914 3.16 3.24 0.799
Colorado 4.56 4.22 0.465 4.01 4.40 0.433 4.65 4.19 0.403
Connecticut 3.73 3.46 0.470 3.43 3.55 0.786 3.78 3.44 0.443
Delaware 3.93 3.79 0.714 4.47 4.14 0.548 3.84 3.73 0.804
District of Columbia 3.45 3.52 0.862 2.95 3.34 0.392 3.57 3.56 0.991
Florida 3.62 3.41 0.457 3.12 3.54 0.155 3.70 3.39 0.348
Georgia 3.60 3.54 0.872 3.01 3.66 0.151 3.70 3.51 0.691
Hawaii 3.68 3.38 0.510 3.35 3.54 0.733 3.73 3.36 0.466
Idaho 5.10 5.29 0.722 4.87 4.70 0.744 5.15 5.40 0.685
Illinois 3.90b 3.44 0.096 3.80 3.55 0.399 3.92 3.43 0.119
Indiana 4.78 4.89 0.822 3.93 3.98 0.908 4.93 5.06 0.830
Iowa 4.36 4.59 0.604 3.85 4.22 0.485 4.46 4.66 0.695
Kansas 3.53 4.14 0.170 3.67 3.63 0.927 3.51 4.23 0.153
Kentucky 4.13 4.62 0.303 3.60 4.12 0.270 4.22 4.70 0.373
Louisiana 3.91 3.78 0.760 3.36 3.35 0.984 4.01 3.86 0.757
Maine 4.14 4.40 0.570 4.25 4.17 0.890 4.12 4.43 0.549
Maryland 3.37 3.17 0.600 3.40 3.55 0.740 3.36 3.10 0.560
Massachusetts 4.20 3.93 0.517 3.71 3.92 0.640 4.29 3.93 0.469
Michigan 4.08 4.28 0.463 3.97 4.24 0.420 4.10 4.29 0.550
Minnesota 4.18 3.87 0.475 3.82 4.14 0.532 4.25 3.83 0.402
Mississippi 4.04b 4.86 0.068 3.26 3.64 0.397 4.18b 5.08 0.086
Missouri 4.79 4.73 0.911 3.56 3.66 0.831 4.99 4.91 0.892
Montana 4.76 5.08 0.484 4.39 4.56 0.748 4.82 5.16 0.523
Nebraska 4.13 4.49 0.420 3.77 4.01 0.586 4.21 4.58 0.479
Nevada 4.87b 3.98 0.068 3.32 3.74 0.410 5.11b 4.02 0.055
New Hampshire 4.25 4.40 0.716 4.43 4.16 0.589 4.21 4.43 0.650
New Jersey 3.39 3.07 0.380 4.11 3.80 0.506 3.27 2.96 0.447
New Mexico 3.38a 4.51 0.008 3.54 3.79 0.587 3.35a 4.63 0.011
New York 3.72 3.52 0.464 3.49 3.67 0.568 3.76 3.49 0.395
North Carolina 3.47 3.51 0.909 2.99 3.37 0.351 3.54 3.54 0.985
North Dakota 3.48 3.93 0.260 3.61 3.90 0.512 3.45 3.94 0.315
Ohio 4.31b 4.86 0.081 3.82a 4.47 0.044 4.39 4.92 0.145
Oklahoma 4.03a 5.06 0.039 3.68 3.91 0.634 4.09a 5.26 0.047
Oregon 4.54 4.89 0.455 3.87 4.29 0.418 4.65 4.99 0.529
Pennsylvania 3.57b 4.06 0.100 3.82 4.20 0.267 3.53 4.04 0.147
Rhode Island 4.92a 3.90 0.039 4.38 4.00 0.470 5.02b 3.89 0.053
South Carolina 3.97 4.25 0.562 3.39 3.55 0.721 4.07 4.37 0.591
South Dakota 3.61 4.17 0.161 3.32 3.94 0.190 3.66 4.20 0.242
Tennessee 4.15 4.34 0.680 3.21 3.65 0.358 4.29 4.46 0.764
Texas 3.40 3.33 0.784 3.58 3.75 0.553 3.37 3.25 0.704
Utah 5.12 5.00 0.809 4.55 4.88 0.509 5.26 5.02 0.706
Vermont 4.04b 4.81 0.094 4.19 3.91 0.542 4.01b 4.97 0.084
Virginia 3.91 4.03 0.758 3.70 4.25 0.260 3.94 3.99 0.916
Washington 4.39 5.17 0.125 3.30 3.85 0.243 4.57 5.39 0.170
West Virginia 4.92 5.27 0.518 3.37 3.68 0.469 5.15 5.51 0.568
Wisconsin 4.14 4.01 0.765 4.00 3.91 0.861 4.17 4.02 0.782
Wyoming 4.08 4.27 0.663 3.39 3.75 0.390 4.21 4.37 0.762
130812
Table 24 – Any Mental Illness in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 NSDUHs
State 18+
(2009-2010)		 18+
(2010-2011)		 18+
(P Value)		 18-25
(2009-2010)		 18-25
(2010-2011)		 18-25
(P Value)		 26+
(2009-2010)		 26+
(2010-2011)		 26+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2009-2010 and the 2010-2011 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
NOTE: Any mental illness (AMI) is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, that met the criteria found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Estimates for AMI presented in this table may differ from previously published AMI estimates because of revised estimation procedures. For details, see the NSDUH short report titled Revised Estimates of Mental Illness from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health at https://www.samhsa.gov/data.
a Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2009, 2010, and 2011 (2009 and 2010 Data – Revised March 2012 and October 2013; 2011 Data – Revised October 2013).
Total U.S. 18.10 17.90 0.371 18.02 18.33 0.210 18.11 17.83 0.263
Northeast 18.36b 17.75 0.091 18.57 18.37 0.633 18.33 17.65 0.104
Midwest 18.59 18.44 0.615 18.77 18.99 0.534 18.56 18.34 0.540
South 17.53 17.62 0.763 17.04 17.27 0.482 17.61 17.69 0.843
West 18.32 17.97 0.379 18.42b 19.34 0.062 18.31 17.72 0.209
Alabama 20.85 21.72 0.371 17.82 19.26 0.238 21.37 22.15 0.486
Alaska 19.39 19.23 0.869 18.26a 21.75 0.003 19.61 18.77 0.462
Arizona 18.26 19.76 0.120 18.62a 21.50 0.017 18.20 19.46 0.251
Arkansas 20.04 20.63 0.579 19.30 18.76 0.641 20.16 20.94 0.523
California 17.07 16.34 0.236 17.61 18.20 0.433 16.96 15.99 0.175
Colorado 18.42 17.58 0.403 18.19a 20.87 0.030 18.46 17.02 0.216
Connecticut 17.63 16.58 0.282 19.04 18.05 0.396 17.41 16.36 0.348
Delaware 18.29 18.19 0.918 20.10 19.83 0.825 17.99 17.91 0.941
District of Columbia 19.14 19.28 0.883 17.06 18.91 0.123 19.60 19.38 0.844
Florida 17.02 16.15 0.163 16.57 17.48 0.197 17.08 15.95 0.108
Georgia 15.56 17.10 0.114 17.05 17.20 0.897 15.30 17.09 0.117
Hawaii 17.74 17.18 0.557 19.61 19.23 0.772 17.45 16.86 0.598
Idaho 22.43 22.78 0.761 21.47 20.65 0.518 22.61 23.17 0.677
Illinois 16.97 16.05 0.111 18.02 17.79 0.759 16.78 15.76 0.121
Indiana 18.83 19.49 0.501 18.86 20.55 0.168 18.82 19.30 0.679
Iowa 19.21 18.84 0.685 19.06 18.99 0.953 19.24 18.81 0.687
Kansas 15.99 17.36 0.114 17.80 18.15 0.745 15.64 17.21 0.126
Kentucky 19.32 19.52 0.847 17.11 17.55 0.680 19.67 19.84 0.889
Louisiana 17.51 18.57 0.242 17.03 17.23 0.839 17.60 18.82 0.250
Maine 18.70 17.01 0.108 20.49 20.37 0.920 18.44 16.54 0.106
Maryland 17.03 17.51 0.648 17.59 18.09 0.666 16.94 17.41 0.691
Massachusetts 18.51 17.86 0.491 18.91 18.90 0.996 18.43 17.68 0.490
Michigan 19.70 19.73 0.949 18.92 19.46 0.477 19.83 19.78 0.944
Minnesota 18.38 17.32 0.248 19.81 19.60 0.853 18.13 16.94 0.265
Mississippi 17.79b 19.52 0.078 17.60 17.14 0.653 17.83b 19.95 0.067
Missouri 19.42 19.38 0.969 19.71 18.55 0.338 19.37 19.52 0.890
Montana 20.72 19.48 0.197 20.58 20.29 0.786 20.75 19.35 0.208
Nebraska 17.58 17.69 0.902 18.11 18.65 0.625 17.48 17.53 0.968
Nevada 20.28a 16.48 0.000 17.91 17.06 0.495 20.64a 16.38 0.001
New Hampshire 19.76 19.19 0.557 20.31 19.16 0.337 19.68 19.19 0.662
New Jersey 17.54b 16.03 0.098 18.73 17.35 0.226 17.35 15.83 0.142
New Mexico 16.43a 18.44 0.043 17.50 19.33 0.113 16.24b 18.29 0.079
New York 19.02 18.72 0.636 18.39 18.74 0.624 19.13 18.71 0.576
North Carolina 17.22 16.42 0.420 15.81 15.93 0.903 17.45 16.50 0.408
North Dakota 16.26 16.83 0.536 17.08b 19.08 0.067 16.08 16.37 0.792
Ohio 19.66 20.25 0.354 18.83 19.64 0.272 19.80 20.35 0.452
Oklahoma 20.34 20.26 0.936 21.19a 18.50 0.026 20.19 20.58 0.755
Oregon 20.12 20.61 0.602 19.86 20.77 0.440 20.16 20.59 0.696
Pennsylvania 17.53 17.54 0.993 17.88 17.85 0.972 17.47 17.48 0.989
Rhode Island 21.30a 18.22 0.005 19.42 18.38 0.416 21.65a 18.19 0.008
South Carolina 17.18 18.43 0.236 16.49 16.24 0.808 17.29 18.80 0.221
South Dakota 16.82 17.87 0.282 17.37 18.72 0.267 16.71 17.72 0.370
Tennessee 21.17 21.40 0.839 17.23 17.15 0.943 21.79 22.09 0.817
Texas 15.99 15.68 0.591 16.01 16.48 0.474 15.99 15.53 0.493
Utah 22.87 22.02 0.429 22.53 22.42 0.934 22.96 21.93 0.426
Vermont 19.75 19.11 0.531 21.15 20.15 0.399 19.51 18.93 0.624
Virginia 17.52 17.80 0.762 18.13 18.12 0.993 17.41 17.75 0.758
Washington 20.75 21.54 0.495 19.38 20.70 0.264 20.98 21.68 0.600
West Virginia 20.47 20.52 0.966 19.69b 17.80 0.095 20.58 20.92 0.786
Wisconsin 18.89 17.53 0.168 19.11 18.20 0.453 18.86 17.42 0.207
Wyoming 19.47 17.99 0.137 20.00 20.24 0.842 19.37 17.60 0.125
121001
Table 25 – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 NSDUHs
State 18+
(2009-2010)		 18+
(2010-2011)		 18+
(P Value)		 18-25
(2009-2010)		 18-25
(2010-2011)		 18-25
(P Value)		 26+
(2009-2010)		 26+
(2010-2011)		 26+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2009-2010 and the 2010-2011 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
a Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2009, 2010, and 2011 (2009 and 2010 Data – Revised March 2012).
Total U.S. 3.78 3.75 0.781 6.36a 6.74 0.017 3.33 3.23 0.362
Northeast 3.82 3.82 0.994 6.62 6.81 0.475 3.34 3.32 0.870
Midwest 4.05 3.99 0.675 6.73 6.97 0.291 3.58 3.47 0.486
South 3.53 3.57 0.761 5.96a 6.52 0.009 3.11 3.06 0.712
West 3.88 3.76 0.501 6.41 6.81 0.169 3.42 3.21 0.304
Alabama 4.10 4.16 0.879 6.63b 7.87 0.092 3.66 3.51 0.754
Alaska 3.96 4.46 0.232 6.13b 7.36 0.087 3.54 3.89 0.452
Arizona 4.08 4.13 0.901 6.40 7.50 0.146 3.69 3.56 0.802
Arkansas 4.37 4.22 0.712 6.62 7.09 0.512 4.00 3.73 0.576
California 3.57 3.49 0.729 6.26 6.56 0.493 3.06 2.91 0.606
Colorado 4.12 3.59 0.250 6.53 6.73 0.746 3.70 3.04 0.227
Connecticut 3.63 3.62 0.986 5.95 5.98 0.960 3.25 3.24 0.982
Delaware 3.89 4.32 0.262 7.45 7.33 0.869 3.30 3.81 0.245
District of Columbia 3.98 4.03 0.918 5.64 6.34 0.270 3.62 3.50 0.824
Florida 3.52 3.36 0.535 5.67b 6.49 0.055 3.20 2.88 0.295
Georgia 3.12 3.40 0.355 5.58 6.26 0.279 2.70 2.89 0.571
Hawaii 3.92 3.55 0.379 7.36 7.06 0.719 3.37 3.01 0.439
Idaho 4.87 4.43 0.332 7.71 7.14 0.409 4.35 3.93 0.427
Illinois 4.05a 3.33 0.009 6.86 6.46 0.333 3.55a 2.78 0.019
Indiana 3.99 4.28 0.457 6.40 7.11 0.301 3.57 3.78 0.645
Iowa 3.90 3.76 0.696 6.16 6.65 0.437 3.49 3.23 0.541
Kansas 3.55 3.93 0.297 6.22 6.16 0.928 3.04 3.51 0.265
Kentucky 3.98 4.13 0.736 6.26 6.45 0.779 3.62 3.75 0.803
Louisiana 3.53 3.70 0.566 6.17 6.78 0.353 3.03 3.13 0.766
Maine 4.56 4.02 0.271 6.55 6.32 0.747 4.28 3.68 0.293
Maryland 3.52 3.60 0.809 6.25 6.43 0.797 3.05 3.13 0.851
Massachusetts 3.94 3.95 0.969 6.26 6.45 0.750 3.52 3.51 0.980
Michigan 4.15 4.49 0.230 6.90 7.54 0.148 3.68 3.96 0.385
Minnesota 3.90 3.98 0.809 6.72 7.10 0.601 3.41 3.45 0.921
Mississippi 3.72 3.88 0.641 6.34 6.25 0.892 3.23 3.44 0.604
Missouri 4.30 4.13 0.677 6.55 6.54 0.982 3.91 3.72 0.669
Montana 4.57 4.23 0.444 7.70 8.09 0.564 4.02 3.56 0.381
Nebraska 4.02 3.85 0.676 6.25 6.29 0.949 3.58 3.40 0.687
Nevada 4.18 3.57 0.169 5.67 6.20 0.411 3.95 3.15 0.126
New Hampshire 4.28 4.74 0.260 6.98 7.12 0.815 3.86 4.36 0.285
New Jersey 3.62 3.44 0.567 7.23 6.66 0.415 3.07 2.95 0.738
New Mexico 3.53 3.79 0.550 6.61 7.06 0.516 2.96 3.20 0.637
New York 3.84 3.72 0.681 6.57 7.02 0.320 3.35 3.15 0.512
North Carolina 3.48 3.63 0.639 5.77 6.33 0.320 3.10 3.18 0.825
North Dakota 3.48 3.62 0.684 5.91 6.56 0.253 2.91 2.96 0.914
Ohio 4.13 4.11 0.947 6.99 7.75 0.110 3.66 3.52 0.627
Oklahoma 3.86b 4.61 0.080 5.99 6.56 0.370 3.47 4.26 0.108
Oregon 4.14 4.06 0.839 6.32 7.09 0.260 3.79 3.57 0.634
Pennsylvania 3.68 4.00 0.193 6.60 7.00 0.387 3.20 3.51 0.273
Rhode Island 4.56 4.13 0.348 6.90 6.61 0.664 4.11 3.65 0.391
South Carolina 3.60 3.80 0.606 5.79 6.32 0.390 3.23 3.37 0.759
South Dakota 3.92 4.15 0.554 6.09 6.42 0.600 3.53 3.74 0.632
Tennessee 3.63 3.74 0.754 5.58 6.12 0.364 3.32 3.35 0.944
Texas 3.14 2.94 0.420 5.90 6.29 0.308 2.61 2.30 0.273
Utah 4.99 4.55 0.305 7.69 7.68 0.995 4.31 3.80 0.320
Vermont 4.39 4.83 0.377 7.32 7.16 0.807 3.88 4.42 0.360
Virginia 3.76 4.00 0.484 6.25 7.25 0.141 3.33 3.43 0.791
Washington 4.25 4.37 0.795 6.23 6.93 0.327 3.93 3.94 0.977
West Virginia 4.46 4.14 0.484 6.80 6.43 0.548 4.10 3.79 0.544
Wisconsin 4.04 4.13 0.837 7.09 6.72 0.593 3.51 3.68 0.722
Wyoming 3.98 3.88 0.802 5.97 6.01 0.943 3.62 3.49 0.799
121008
Table 26 – Had at Least One Major Depressive Episode in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages, and P Values from Tests of Differences between Percentages, 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 NSDUHs
State 18+
(2009-2010)		 18+
(2010-2011)		 18+
(P Value)		 12-17
(2009-2010)		 12-17
(2010-2011)		 12-17
(P Value)		 18-25
(2009-2010)		 18-25
(2010-2011)		 18-25
(P Value)		 26+
(2009-2010)		 26+
(2010-2011)		 26+
(P Value)
NOTE: State and census region estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach, with their p values being the Bayes posterior probability of no change between the 2009-2010 and the 2010-2011 estimates. The "Total U.S." estimates, along with the p values, are based on design-based (direct) estimation methods.
NOTE: Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when a person experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. For details, see Section A.11 in Appendix A of the report on State Estimates of Substance Use and Mental Disorders from the 2009-2010 NSDUHs.
NOTE: There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent major depressive episode modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from persons aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older.
a Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
b Difference between the 2009-2010 estimate and the 2010-2011 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2009, 2010, and 2011 (2009 and 2010 Data – Revised March 2012).
Total U.S. 6.70 6.70 0.947 8.07 8.15 0.642 8.15 8.29 0.429 6.45 6.42 0.819
Northeast 6.68 6.60 0.711 7.79 7.85 0.821 8.24 8.28 0.898 6.42 6.32 0.692
Midwest 6.99 7.02 0.846 8.20 8.31 0.625 8.52 8.65 0.585 6.72 6.74 0.923
South 6.59 6.58 0.933 8.06 8.03 0.881 7.77 7.91 0.532 6.39 6.35 0.833
West 6.63 6.65 0.928 8.17 8.40 0.499 8.33 8.56 0.480 6.32 6.31 0.959
Alabama 7.48 7.63 0.795 7.65 7.62 0.966 7.97 8.42 0.547 7.40 7.50 0.882
Alaska 6.74 6.87 0.829 7.65 7.42 0.759 8.10 9.07 0.283 6.48 6.44 0.963
Arizona 6.87 7.02 0.807 8.37 8.84 0.588 8.58 8.92 0.703 6.58 6.70 0.868
Arkansas 7.81 7.71 0.874 8.52 8.50 0.985 8.64 8.73 0.917 7.67 7.53 0.854
California 6.12 6.00 0.751 7.85 8.24 0.458 8.02 8.20 0.726 5.76 5.60 0.697
Colorado 7.05 6.74 0.590 8.92 8.20 0.397 8.00 8.98 0.252 6.88 6.35 0.425
Connecticut 6.25 6.42 0.757 7.59 7.78 0.801 7.71 7.93 0.769 6.01 6.17 0.796
Delaware 6.93 6.79 0.821 9.02 9.35 0.695 10.39 9.31 0.240 6.36 6.37 0.993
District of Columbia 6.58 7.03 0.445 6.88 6.46 0.576 7.35 8.24 0.330 6.41 6.75 0.620
Florida 6.41 5.94 0.182 8.76 8.11 0.200 7.67 7.98 0.512 6.22 5.63 0.140
Georgia 6.24 6.77 0.344 8.09 8.58 0.520 7.84 8.35 0.519 5.96 6.49 0.420
Hawaii 5.99 5.61 0.486 7.23 7.99 0.412 7.67 7.98 0.736 5.73 5.25 0.440
Idaho 7.61 8.19 0.415 8.99 8.37 0.443 10.10 9.35 0.378 7.16 7.98 0.322
Illinois 6.81 6.40 0.261 7.48 8.19 0.175 8.90 8.46 0.365 6.43 6.04 0.348
Indiana 7.48 7.55 0.914 8.78a 7.14 0.041 7.96 8.67 0.433 7.40 7.35 0.945
Iowa 7.01 7.73 0.186 7.64 7.58 0.931 7.77 8.41 0.455 6.87 7.61 0.245
Kansas 6.65 6.88 0.669 8.66 8.50 0.848 8.73 8.38 0.641 6.26 6.60 0.581
Kentucky 7.02 7.59 0.386 8.36 8.88 0.525 7.69 7.79 0.896 6.91 7.56 0.397
Louisiana 6.24 6.39 0.787 6.93 7.21 0.695 7.08 7.48 0.583 6.08 6.18 0.870
Maine 6.85 6.84 0.984 8.55 8.44 0.885 8.84 8.55 0.728 6.57 6.59 0.973
Maryland 6.09 6.66 0.370 7.58 7.55 0.964 7.63 7.88 0.756 5.83 6.46 0.390
Massachusetts 7.23 6.91 0.578 7.86 8.83 0.224 8.68 8.55 0.877 6.97 6.62 0.602
Michigan 6.90 6.90 0.997 8.37a 9.61 0.017 9.20 9.20 0.998 6.50 6.50 0.995
Minnesota 6.85 6.16 0.217 7.81 8.85 0.224 8.56 8.64 0.925 6.56 5.74 0.198
Mississippi 6.39 6.99 0.321 7.46 7.30 0.823 6.53 7.01 0.494 6.36 6.99 0.383
Missouri 7.33 7.27 0.915 9.58 8.61 0.229 8.01 7.63 0.613 7.22 7.21 0.985
Montana 7.37 7.07 0.609 8.38 7.97 0.618 9.57 9.79 0.785 6.99 6.60 0.567
Nebraska 7.10 7.13 0.948 8.28 8.50 0.783 7.88 8.31 0.560 6.95 6.92 0.963
Nevada 6.97 6.30 0.277 7.73 8.61 0.312 7.27 7.68 0.604 6.93 6.08 0.236
New Hampshire 7.23 7.15 0.905 8.92 9.49 0.493 9.47 9.39 0.925 6.87 6.80 0.916
New Jersey 6.10 5.68 0.418 7.21 7.73 0.475 8.61 7.76 0.249 5.71 5.36 0.553
New Mexico 5.87 6.70 0.227 8.63 8.99 0.692 7.68 7.72 0.966 5.54 6.51 0.216
New York 6.75 6.58 0.679 7.84 7.22 0.200 7.56 7.81 0.598 6.60 6.37 0.607
North Carolina 6.56 6.30 0.659 7.45 7.37 0.913 7.27 7.60 0.674 6.44 6.08 0.595
North Dakota 6.74 6.33 0.450 8.24 7.40 0.294 7.99 8.15 0.834 6.46 5.92 0.418
Ohio 6.99a 7.85 0.031 8.25 8.12 0.778 8.21 9.04 0.103 6.79b 7.65 0.056
Oklahoma 7.54 7.35 0.768 7.85 8.17 0.697 9.75 8.50 0.149 7.13 7.14 0.995
Oregon 7.52 7.47 0.935 8.94 8.63 0.702 9.68 9.76 0.931 7.17 7.10 0.914
Pennsylvania 6.62 6.99 0.317 7.91 8.22 0.540 8.67 9.13 0.456 6.28 6.63 0.400
Rhode Island 7.95 6.88 0.120 8.11 8.07 0.959 9.33 8.31 0.265 7.69 6.61 0.178
South Carolina 7.36 7.46 0.890 8.56 8.13 0.590 8.73 7.75 0.208 7.13 7.41 0.742
South Dakota 5.95 6.15 0.716 8.80 8.87 0.930 7.32 8.49 0.149 5.70 5.73 0.967
Tennessee 7.35 7.11 0.692 8.33 8.27 0.943 7.78 7.78 0.998 7.28 7.00 0.685
Texas 6.02 5.89 0.706 7.96 7.94 0.965 7.49 7.53 0.939 5.74 5.58 0.685
Utah 8.18 8.34 0.804 8.09 8.36 0.733 9.31 9.64 0.680 7.90 8.03 0.868
Vermont 6.98 7.58 0.356 8.22 7.47 0.328 9.31 8.69 0.461 6.57 7.38 0.291
Virginia 6.84 6.94 0.864 8.37 8.55 0.823 8.23 8.70 0.565 6.60 6.63 0.963
Washington 7.58 8.48 0.168 8.86 8.82 0.967 8.98 9.01 0.972 7.35 8.39 0.167
West Virginia 7.63 7.84 0.750 8.03 8.39 0.640 8.08 7.66 0.593 7.56 7.87 0.685
Wisconsin 7.06 6.80 0.666 7.61 7.49 0.857 8.88 8.86 0.983 6.74 6.44 0.667
Wyoming 7.22 7.46 0.703 8.73 9.18 0.579 8.96 9.43 0.606 6.91 7.11 0.779

Methodology Used to Estimate the Bayes Posterior Probability of No Change
between the 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 Small Area Estimates

Comparisons between State small area estimates displayed in Tables 1 to 26 in this document are based on the 2009 through 2011 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (NSDUHs). The moving average State prevalence estimates for the overlapping 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 time periods were obtained from independent applications of the survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes (SWHB) methodology; that is, the 2010-2011 models were fit independently of the previously fitted 2009-2010 models. This independent analysis approach was followed because there was no desire to revise the previously published 2009-2010 estimates. Moreover, the same fixed predictor variables were used in the 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 models, but annual updates were made when more current versions became available (for details, see Section B.3 in the "2010-2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/NSDUH/2k11State/NSDUHsae2011/Index.aspx). The age group-specific fixed predictor variables were defined at five levels (namely, the person level, census block group level, tract level, county level, and State level). Also, each age group model had 51 State-level random effects and 300 "within-State" area-level random effects.

To estimate change in State estimates, let [pi 1 sub s and a] and [pi 2 sub s and a] denote 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 prevalence rates, respectively, for State-s and age group-a. The change between [pi 1 sub s and a] and [pi 2 sub s and a] is defined in terms of the log-odds ratio ([lor sub s and a]) as opposed to the simple difference because the posterior distribution of the [lor sub s and a] is closer to Gaussian than the posterior distribution of the simple difference ([Pi 2 sub s and a minus pi 1 sub s and a represents the simple difference between the 2010-2011 and 2009-2010 prevalence rates.]). The [lor sub s and a] is defined as

Equation 1,     D


where ln denotes the natural logarithm. The p value given is computed to test the null hypothesis of no change (i.e., [Pi 2 sub s and a is equal to pi 1 sub s and a] or equivalently, [Log-odds ratio lor sub s and a is equal to zero]). An estimate of [Log-odds ratio lor sub s and a] is given by

Equation 2,     D


where the [p 1 sub s and a] are previously published 2009-2010 State estimates and the [p 2 sub s and a] are the 2010-2011 State estimates. To compute the variance of [estimate of the log-odds ratio, lor hat sub s and a] that is, [variance v of the estimate of the log-odds ratio, lor hat sub s and a] let [Theta 1 hat equal the ratio of p 1 sub s and a and 1 minus p 1 sub s and a] and [Theta 2 hat equal the ratio of p 2 sub s and a and 1 minus p 2 sub s and a] then

Equation 3,     D

where [covariance between the natural logarithm of Theta 1 hat and the natural logarithm of Theta 2 hat] denotes the covariance between [natural logarithm of Theta 1 hat] and [natural logarithm of Theta 2 hat]. This covariance is defined in terms of the associated correlation as follows:

Equation 4.     D

Note that [variance v of the natural logarithm of Theta 1 hat] and [variance v of the natural logarithm of Theta 2 hat] used here to calculate [variance v of the estimate of the log-odds ratio, lor hat sub s and a] are the same variances used in calculating the previously published 2009-2010 Bayesian confidence intervals and the 2010-2011 Bayesian confidence intervals, respectively.

The correlation between [natural logarithm of Theta 1 hat] and [natural logarithm of Theta 2 hat] was obtained by simultaneously modeling the 2009, 2010, and 2011 NSDUH data. This simultaneous modeling approach was adopted based on the results of the validation study1 conducted for measuring change in the 1999-2000 and 2000-2001 State estimates. For this simultaneous model, 4 age groups (12 to 17, 18 to 25, 26 to 34, and 35 or older) by 3 years (2009, 2010, and 2011), that is, 12 subpopulation-specific models, were fitted, each with its own set of fixed and random effects. In this case, the general covariance matrices for the State and within-State random effects were 12 × 12 matrices corresponding to the 12 element (age group × year) vectors of random effects. Note that the survey-weighted, Bernoulli-type log likelihood employed in the SWHB methodology was appropriate for this simultaneous model because the 12 age group × year subpopulations were nonoverlapping. The correlation [[natural logarithm of Theta 1 hat], [natural logarithm of Theta 2 hat]] was approximated by the correlation calculated using the posterior distributions of [natural logarithm of pi 1 sub s and a divided by 1 minus pi 1 sub s and a] and [natural logarithm of pi 2 sub s and a divided by 1 minus pi 2 sub s and a] from the simultaneous model.

Note that the small area estimates for serious mental illness (SMI) and any mental illness (AMI) shown in Tables 23 and 24 were revised in October 2013 based on the new 2012 model variables (for details, see Section B.11 in the "2010-2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/NSDUH/2k11State/NSDUHsae2011/Index.aspx). A decision was made by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) not to produce revised correlations based on the revised variables. It was expected that the correlations would not be too affected by changes to the modeling procedures used to produce SMI and AMI estimates. Hence, in the calculation of p values mentioned below, the correlations for these two outcomes were based on calculations done using the 2008 model variables; however, updated estimates and variances based on the 2012 model variables were used.

To calculate the p value for testing the null hypothesis of no difference [Log-odds ratio lor is equal to zero], it is assumed that the posterior distribution of lor is normal with [Mean is equal to estimate of the log-odds ratio, lor hat sub s and a] and [Variance is equal to variance v of the estimate of the log-odds ratio, lor hat sub s and a]. With the null value of [Log-odds ratio lor is equal to zero], the Bayes p value or posterior probability of no difference is [The p value is equal to 2 times the probability of realizing a standard normal variate greater than or equal to the absolute value of a quantity z], where Z is a standard normal random variate, [Quantity z is the estimate of the log-odds ratio, lor hat sub s and a, divided by the square root of the variance v of the estimate of the log-odds ratio, lor hat sub s and a.] and [absolute value of quantity z] denotes the absolute value of z.



1 See Appendix E, Section E.2, of the following report: Wright, D. (2003). State estimates of substance use from the 2001 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse: Volume II. Individual state tables and technical appendices (HHS Publication No. SMA 03-3826, NHSDA Series H-20). Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Office of Applied Studies.

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