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210617
Table 7.1A – Types of Illicit Drug, Tobacco Product, and Alcohol Use in Lifetime: Among People Aged 12 or Older; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 130,610 130,628 134,704 134,791 138,027 138,543
Marijuana 94,946 96,611 96,772 97,545 97,792 100,737 102,857 104,950 106,613 107,842 111,239 114,712 117,213 117,865 118,524 122,943 123,935 127,139 126,504
Cocaine 33,910 34,891 34,153 33,673 35,303 35,947 36,916 36,742 37,361 36,921 37,688 37,634 39,200 38,744 38,880 40,550 40,194 41,445 39,261
Crack 8,402 7,949 7,840 7,928 8,559 8,615 8,454 8,390 9,208 8,214 9,015 8,870 9,424 9,035 8,776 9,599 9,177 9,375 9,356
Heroin 3,668 3,744 3,145 3,534 3,788 3,806 3,795 3,680 4,144 4,162 4,565 4,812 4,813 5,099 4,981 5,295 5,108 5,696 6,252
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 40,915 41,490 42,072 43,255 44,087 43,949
LSD 24,516 24,424 23,398 22,433 23,365 22,720 23,604 23,714 23,375 23,000 23,735 24,770 25,035 25,324 25,861 26,069 27,339 27,528 28,123
PCP 7,418 7,107 6,762 6,603 6,633 6,179 6,657 6,271 6,255 6,103 6,552 6,462 6,388 6,323 6,450 6,098 6,085 5,516 6,141
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 18,328 18,459 19,173 19,949 20,097 20,478
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 25,765 24,404 25,187 24,783 25,090 26,749
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 14,511 14,533 14,722 14,892 16,013 15,397
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Pain Relievers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Central Nervous System Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
TOBACCO PRODUCTS 171,838 172,843 171,827 172,217 173,904 172,420 174,000 174,105 174,409 173,890 173,654 175,260 175,416 171,120 169,428 170,496 168,310 167,786 160,117
Cigarettes 162,553 163,240 161,842 161,863 162,951 161,831 162,637 162,608 162,940 161,799 161,057 162,138 161,789 156,495 154,688 155,446 152,480 151,235 145,499
Daily Cigarettes 95,221 94,759 93,409 93,470 94,518 94,539 94,322 92,092 93,210 90,835 93,371 92,426 91,773 89,238 88,015 85,559 83,853 84,016 83,976
Smokeless Tobacco nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 43,547 43,282 43,886 42,599 42,585 37,436
Cigars 88,053 88,096 87,409 88,260 88,660 88,522 89,765 90,460 88,760 88,505 88,596 89,117 89,267 87,732 85,338 86,365 86,513 85,919 81,826
Pipe Tobacco 40,003 40,064 39,499 38,462 38,350 35,527 36,622 35,221 34,380 34,532 34,604 34,173 33,695 33,493 33,094 33,064 32,777 31,471 27,235
ALCOHOL 195,452 197,533 198,220 201,667 203,409 203,952 205,420 208,534 209,264 211,747 214,013 213,794 217,765 216,839 216,152 220,063 221,220 220,958 220,231
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
GENERAL SUBSTANCES                                      
Illicit Drugs, Tobacco Products, or Alcohol1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 228,992 228,228 232,204 232,943 233,013 231,538
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 222,244 221,659 225,762 226,669 226,914 225,990
Tobacco Products or Alcohol 205,986 207,427 208,679 211,566 213,706 213,624 215,478 217,517 219,047 220,702 222,886 224,245 226,637 225,726 225,081 228,872 229,612 229,306 227,681
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Illicit Drug Use in Lifetime includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics even though those estimates are not reported due to potential underreporting in lifetime prescription psychotherapeutics estimates.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
210617
Table 7.1B – Types of Illicit Drug, Tobacco Product, and Alcohol Use in Lifetime: Among People Aged 12 or Older; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 48.8 48.5 49.5 49.2 50.2 50.0
Marijuana 40.4 40.6 40.2 40.1 39.7 40.6 41.2 41.7 42.0 41.9 42.8 43.7 44.2 44.0 44.0 45.2 45.3 46.2 45.7
Cocaine 14.4 14.7 14.2 13.8 14.3 14.5 14.8 14.6 14.7 14.3 14.5 14.3 14.8 14.5 14.4 14.9 14.7 15.1 14.2
Crack 3.6 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.6 3.2 3.5 3.4 3.6 3.4 3.3 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.4
Heroin 1.6 1.6 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.3
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 15.3 15.4 15.5 15.8 16.0 15.9
LSD 10.4 10.3 9.7 9.2 9.5 9.2 9.4 9.4 9.2 8.9 9.1 9.4 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.6 10.0 10.0 10.2
PCP 3.2 3.0 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.7 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.0 2.2
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.3 7.3 7.4
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 9.6 9.1 9.3 9.1 9.1 9.7
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.8 5.6
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Pain Relievers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Central Nervous System Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
TOBACCO PRODUCTS 73.1 72.7 71.4 70.8 70.7 69.6 69.7 69.1 68.8 67.5 66.8 66.8 66.2 63.9 62.9 62.7 61.5 61.0 57.8
Cigarettes 69.1 68.7 67.3 66.6 66.2 65.3 65.1 64.6 64.2 62.8 61.9 61.8 61.0 58.5 57.4 57.1 55.7 55.0 52.5
Daily Cigarettes 40.5 39.9 38.8 38.4 38.4 38.1 37.8 36.6 36.8 35.3 35.9 35.2 34.6 33.3 32.7 31.4 30.6 30.5 30.3
Smokeless Tobacco nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 16.3 16.1 16.1 15.6 15.5 13.5
Cigars 37.4 37.1 36.3 36.3 36.0 35.7 35.9 35.9 35.0 34.4 34.1 34.0 33.7 32.8 31.7 31.7 31.6 31.2 29.5
Pipe Tobacco 17.0 16.9 16.4 15.8 15.6 14.3 14.7 14.0 13.6 13.4 13.3 13.0 12.7 12.5 12.3 12.2 12.0 11.4 9.8
ALCOHOL 83.1 83.1 82.4 82.9 82.7 82.3 82.2 82.8 82.5 82.2 82.3 81.5 82.1 81.0 80.2 80.9 80.8 80.3 79.5
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
GENERAL SUBSTANCES                                      
Illicit Drugs, Tobacco Products, or Alcohol1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 85.5 84.7 85.3 85.1 84.7 83.6
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 83.0 82.3 83.0 82.8 82.4 81.6
Tobacco Products or Alcohol 87.6 87.3 86.8 87.0 86.9 86.2 86.3 86.4 86.4 85.7 85.7 85.5 85.5 84.3 83.5 84.1 83.9 83.3 82.2
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Illicit Drug Use in Lifetime includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics even though those estimates are not reported due to potential underreporting in lifetime prescription psychotherapeutics estimates.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
210617
Table 7.2A – Types of Illicit Drug, Tobacco Product, and Alcohol Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 or Older; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 47,730 48,501 51,795 53,182 57,203 59,277
Marijuana 25,755 25,231 25,451 25,375 25,432 25,136 25,891 28,688 29,301 29,739 31,513 32,952 35,124 36,043 37,570 40,935 43,486 48,242 49,634
Cocaine 5,902 5,908 5,658 5,523 6,075 5,748 5,283 4,806 4,533 3,857 4,671 4,182 4,553 4,828 5,071 5,943 5,529 5,468 5,172
Crack 1,554 1,406 1,304 1,381 1,478 1,452 1,113 1,008 885 625 921 632 773 833 882 930 757 778 657
Heroin 404 314 398 379 560 373 455 582 621 620 669 681 914 828 948 886 808 745 902
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 4,692 4,903 5,125 5,595 6,010 7,133
LSD 999 558 592 563 667 621 808 790 881 880 1,057 1,111 1,290 1,535 1,896 2,243 2,319 2,470 2,637
PCP 235 219 210 164 187 139 99 125 96 119 172 90 90 120 103 96 71 73 95
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2,560 2,485 2,487 2,516 2,539 2,622
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,759 1,660 1,759 2,003 2,142 2,390
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,713 1,391 1,633 1,867 1,999 2,550
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 18,942 18,671 18,077 16,882 16,304 16,073
Pain Relievers1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 12,462 11,517 11,077 9,948 9,724 9,254
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 5,251 5,647 5,839 5,109 4,929 5,092
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 6,967 7,021 6,743 6,435 5,895 6,205
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 6,050 6,060 5,944 5,742 5,220 5,460
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,511 1,531 1,351 1,084 1,098 1,240
Benzodiazepines nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 5,536 5,700 5,674 5,438 4,841 4,779
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 12,693 11,824 11,401 10,250 10,065 9,490
Central Nervous System Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 9,825 10,037 10,882 10,058 10,136 10,306
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 24,539 23,984 24,402 23,323 23,588 23,962
TOBACCO PRODUCTS3 84,731 83,415 83,066 84,958 86,034 85,017 84,550 83,514 83,384 81,859 82,829 80,846 81,141 78,299 76,751 74,736 73,167 71,977 64,415
Cigarettes 71,310 69,853 69,909 70,832 71,694 70,718 70,130 69,261 68,599 67,126 67,802 66,256 65,858 61,848 61,252 58,408 57,443 55,551 50,961
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 12,527 11,824 11,705 10,936 11,478 9,206
Cigars 25,928 25,386 25,974 26,908 26,857 26,649 26,282 26,592 26,061 24,980 25,647 24,933 23,734 24,382 22,772 23,443 22,950 22,225 19,626
Pipe Tobacco3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
ALCOHOL 155,476 154,540 156,686 161,626 162,448 162,975 164,966 168,135 168,381 170,422 173,573 173,966 176,556 175,847 174,625 178,736 179,278 179,144 177,718
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
GENERAL SUBSTANCES                                      
Illicit Drugs, Tobacco Products, or Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 194,056 192,668 196,623 197,337 197,541 194,674
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 182,263 180,924 185,553 185,914 187,022 185,922
Tobacco Products or Alcohol3 170,546 169,981 171,067 177,074 177,691 177,857 179,943 182,025 183,323 184,839 187,830 188,393 191,273 190,488 189,189 192,849 193,672 193,278 189,929
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and later years.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. The estimate for tobacco product use in the past year excludes past year pipe tobacco use, but includes past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
210617
Table 7.2B – Types of Illicit Drug, Tobacco Product, and Alcohol Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 or Older; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 17.8 18.0 19.0 19.4 20.8 21.4
Marijuana 11.0 10.6 10.6 10.4 10.3 10.1 10.4 11.4 11.6 11.5 12.1 12.6 13.2 13.5 13.9 15.0 15.9 17.5 17.9
Cocaine 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.5 2.3 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.5 1.8 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.0 2.0 1.9
Crack 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2
Heroin 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.6
LSD 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0
PCP 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.9
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 7.1 6.9 6.6 6.2 5.9 5.8
Pain Relievers1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 4.7 4.3 4.1 3.6 3.5 3.3
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2.0 2.1 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.8
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.1 2.2
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.1 1.9 2.0
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4
Benzodiazepines nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.0 1.8 1.7
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 4.7 4.4 4.2 3.7 3.7 3.4
Central Nervous System Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 3.7 3.7 4.0 3.7 3.7 3.7
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 9.2 8.9 9.0 8.5 8.6 8.7
TOBACCO PRODUCTS3 36.0 35.1 34.5 34.9 35.0 34.3 33.8 33.2 32.9 31.8 31.9 30.8 30.6 29.2 28.5 27.5 26.7 26.2 23.3
Cigarettes 30.3 29.4 29.1 29.1 29.1 28.5 28.1 27.5 27.0 26.1 26.1 25.3 24.8 23.1 22.7 21.5 21.0 20.2 18.4
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 4.7 4.4 4.3 4.0 4.2 3.3
Cigars 11.0 10.7 10.8 11.1 10.9 10.8 10.5 10.6 10.3 9.7 9.9 9.5 9.0 9.1 8.5 8.6 8.4 8.1 7.1
Pipe Tobacco3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
ALCOHOL 66.1 65.0 65.1 66.5 66.0 65.8 66.0 66.8 66.4 66.2 66.7 66.3 66.6 65.7 64.8 65.7 65.5 65.1 64.2
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
GENERAL SUBSTANCES                                      
Illicit Drugs, Tobacco Products, or Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 72.5 71.5 72.3 72.1 71.8 70.3
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 68.1 67.2 68.2 67.9 68.0 67.1
Tobacco Products or Alcohol3 72.5 71.5 71.1 72.8 72.2 71.8 72.0 72.3 72.3 71.8 72.2 71.8 72.1 71.2 70.2 70.9 70.7 70.2 68.6
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and later years.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. The estimate for tobacco product use in the past year excludes past year pipe tobacco use, but includes past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.3A – Types of Illicit Drug, Tobacco Product, and Alcohol Use in Past Month: Among People Aged 12 or Older; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 27,080 28,564 30,476 31,918 35,803 37,309
Marijuana 14,584 14,638 14,576 14,626 14,849 14,470 15,269 16,826 17,409 18,071 18,855 19,810 22,188 22,226 23,981 25,997 27,667 31,606 32,784
Cocaine 2,020 2,281 2,021 2,397 2,426 2,077 1,865 1,642 1,472 1,369 1,650 1,549 1,530 1,876 1,874 2,167 1,949 1,998 1,831
Crack 567 604 467 682 704 611 363 497 378 228 443 377 354 394 432 473 436 378 335
Heroin 166 119 166 136 339 161 213 193 239 281 335 289 435 329 475 494 354 431 513
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,240 1,390 1,438 1,630 1,915 1,761
LSD 112 133 141 104 130 144 157 159 155 152 184 229 287 352 374 512 458 580 649
PCP 58 56 49 48 31 43 25 54 36 26 32 33 * 25 21 37 34 * 24
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 557 619 587 689 663 681
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 527 600 556 612 807 904
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 897 667 774 1,001 1,173 1,722
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 6,365 6,207 5,956 5,424 5,337 5,278
Pain Relievers1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 3,775 3,350 3,239 2,852 2,819 2,536
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,653 1,735 1,841 1,670 1,566 1,493
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2,185 2,325 1,955 1,799 1,958 2,196
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,874 1,953 1,727 1,634 1,781 1,891
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 446 497 352 243 304 481
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 3,963 3,649 3,549 3,042 3,101 2,885
Central Nervous System Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 3,934 3,865 4,294 4,110 4,264 4,483
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 9,273 9,118 9,159 8,855 9,333 9,305
TOBACCO PRODUCTS 71,499 70,757 70,257 71,519 72,878 71,073 70,955 69,825 69,663 68,225 69,497 66,879 66,899 63,959 63,429 61,072 58,775 58,074 51,694
Cigarettes 61,136 60,434 59,896 60,532 61,568 60,183 59,833 58,723 58,336 56,819 57,525 55,778 55,241 51,952 51,333 48,692 46,956 45,885 41,400
Daily Cigarettes 38,738 37,989 37,343 38,131 38,331 36,901 36,788 35,834 34,718 34,488 34,936 33,247 32,471 30,190 29,701 27,787 27,328 26,796 24,874
Smokeless Tobacco nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 8,991 8,769 8,575 7,972 8,516 7,021
Cigars 12,751 12,837 13,727 13,640 13,701 13,300 13,225 13,345 13,273 12,865 13,417 12,438 11,964 12,508 12,261 12,532 12,211 11,697 10,591
Pipe Tobacco 1,816 1,619 1,835 2,190 2,315 2,044 1,885 2,104 2,155 2,137 2,530 2,271 2,247 2,267 2,264 2,333 2,083 1,910 1,824
ALCOHOL 119,820 118,965 120,934 126,028 125,360 126,865 128,884 130,642 131,374 133,385 135,502 136,868 139,677 138,322 136,735 140,588 139,835 139,727 138,522
Binge Alcohol Use3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 66,690 65,327 66,636 67,059 65,845 61,569
Heavy Alcohol Use nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 17,326 16,288 16,717 16,569 16,044 17,732
GENERAL SUBSTANCES                                      
Illicit Drugs, Tobacco Products, or Alcohol nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 163,115 162,136 165,240 164,826 165,344 162,517
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 144,798 143,774 147,809 147,492 149,061 148,467
Tobacco Products or Alcohol 143,405 142,735 143,284 148,620 149,363 149,838 151,353 152,665 154,385 155,319 158,533 159,092 161,787 160,163 158,699 161,747 160,996 160,450 157,681
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and later years.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.3B – Types of Illicit Drug, Tobacco Product, and Alcohol Use in Past Month: Among People Aged 12 or Older; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 10.1 10.6 11.2 11.7 13.0 13.5
Marijuana 6.2 6.2 6.1 6.0 6.0 5.8 6.1 6.7 6.9 7.0 7.3 7.5 8.4 8.3 8.9 9.6 10.1 11.5 11.8
Cocaine 0.9 1.0 0.8 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7
Crack 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1
Heroin 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.6
LSD 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
PCP 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * 0.0
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.6
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.0 1.9 1.9
Pain Relievers1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.0 0.9
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.0
Central Nervous System Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.2 3.4 3.4
TOBACCO PRODUCTS 30.4 29.8 29.2 29.4 29.6 28.7 28.4 27.7 27.5 26.5 26.7 25.5 25.2 23.9 23.5 22.4 21.5 21.1 18.7
Cigarettes 26.0 25.4 24.9 24.9 25.0 24.3 24.0 23.3 23.0 22.1 22.1 21.3 20.8 19.4 19.1 17.9 17.2 16.7 15.0
Daily Cigarettes 16.5 16.0 15.5 15.7 15.6 14.9 14.7 14.2 13.7 13.4 13.4 12.7 12.2 11.3 11.0 10.2 10.0 9.7 9.0
Smokeless Tobacco nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 3.4 3.3 3.2 2.9 3.1 2.5
Cigars 5.4 5.4 5.7 5.6 5.6 5.4 5.3 5.3 5.2 5.0 5.2 4.7 4.5 4.7 4.6 4.6 4.5 4.3 3.8
Pipe Tobacco 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.7
ALCOHOL 51.0 50.1 50.3 51.8 51.0 51.2 51.6 51.9 51.8 51.8 52.1 52.2 52.7 51.7 50.7 51.7 51.1 50.8 50.0
Binge Alcohol Use3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 24.9 24.2 24.5 24.5 23.9 22.2
Heavy Alcohol Use nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 6.5 6.0 6.1 6.1 5.8 6.4
GENERAL SUBSTANCES                                      
Illicit Drugs, Tobacco Products, or Alcohol nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 60.9 60.2 60.7 60.2 60.1 58.7
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 54.1 53.4 54.3 53.9 54.2 53.6
Tobacco Products or Alcohol 61.0 60.1 59.6 61.1 60.7 60.5 60.6 60.6 60.9 60.3 61.0 60.6 61.0 59.8 58.9 59.4 58.8 58.3 56.9
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and later years.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.4A – Types of Illicit Drug, Tobacco Product, and Alcohol Use in Lifetime: Among People Aged 12 to 17; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 6,297 5,737 5,963 5,952 6,090 5,229
Marijuana 5,104 4,888 4,788 4,402 4,400 4,096 4,138 4,204 4,157 4,378 4,232 4,093 4,091 3,912 3,676 3,806 3,823 3,947 3,103
Cocaine 670 648 611 582 571 544 473 405 363 337 265 215 222 208 212 169 173 154 105
Crack 163 157 125 108 129 107 80 58 60 68 34 23 35 12 17 31 15 20 3
Heroin 94 80 78 60 60 55 67 56 46 70 59 38 36 35 32 32 16 21 *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 760 674 700 565 615 563
LSD 670 397 313 288 219 202 271 249 231 229 249 221 291 329 288 364 326 392 317
PCP 233 204 175 182 128 105 102 99 76 76 96 46 60 60 38 46 30 41 7
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 357 288 257 209 225 183
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2,271 2,065 2,144 2,125 2,202 2,327
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 71 69 86 70 75 48
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Pain Relievers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Central Nervous System Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
TOBACCO PRODUCTS 9,113 8,631 8,249 7,795 7,565 7,027 6,821 6,668 6,112 5,782 5,354 4,922 4,591 4,299 3,817 3,711 3,328 3,177 2,312
Cigarettes 8,242 7,752 7,363 6,781 6,565 5,987 5,750 5,498 4,986 4,773 4,338 3,903 3,523 3,293 2,888 2,682 2,397 2,253 1,809
Daily Cigarettes 2,038 1,850 1,707 1,470 1,457 1,349 1,131 1,172 1,052 957 802 679 634 490 374 345 319 269 132
Smokeless Tobacco nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,382 1,162 1,239 1,086 1,003 587
Cigars 4,033 3,776 3,743 3,573 3,479 3,290 3,119 3,088 2,693 2,675 2,389 2,070 1,985 1,782 1,530 1,598 1,325 1,261 957
Pipe Tobacco 687 640 700 634 643 577 573 642 540 574 619 518 554 420 456 418 343 360 251
ALCOHOL 10,747 10,713 10,596 10,306 10,270 9,976 9,614 9,450 8,622 8,610 8,067 7,669 7,375 7,075 6,715 6,765 6,551 6,641 5,702
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
GENERAL SUBSTANCES                                      
Illicit Drugs, Tobacco Products, or Alcohol1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 9,732 9,243 9,355 9,221 9,284 8,054
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 9,191 8,676 8,897 8,777 8,891 7,715
Tobacco Products or Alcohol 12,665 12,431 12,182 11,836 11,667 11,322 10,919 10,722 9,924 9,819 9,138 8,775 8,428 8,065 7,653 7,599 7,385 7,375 6,274
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Illicit Drug Use in Lifetime includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics even though those estimates are not reported due to potential underreporting in lifetime prescription psychotherapeutics estimates.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.4B – Types of Illicit Drug, Tobacco Product, and Alcohol Use in Lifetime: Among People Aged 12 to 17; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 25.3 23.0 23.9 23.9 24.5 20.9
Marijuana 20.6 19.6 19.0 17.4 17.3 16.2 16.6 17.1 17.1 17.5 17.0 16.4 16.4 15.7 14.8 15.3 15.4 15.8 12.4
Cocaine 2.7 2.6 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.2 1.9 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.4
Crack 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0
Heroin 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 3.1 2.7 2.8 2.3 2.5 2.3
LSD 2.7 1.6 1.2 1.1 0.9 0.8 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.5 1.3 1.6 1.3
PCP 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.0
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.9 0.7
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 9.1 8.3 8.6 8.5 8.8 9.3
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Pain Relievers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Central Nervous System Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
TOBACCO PRODUCTS 36.8 34.5 32.7 30.7 29.8 27.8 27.4 27.1 25.1 23.2 21.5 19.8 18.5 17.3 15.3 14.9 13.4 12.8 9.3
Cigarettes 33.3 31.0 29.2 26.7 25.9 23.7 23.1 22.3 20.5 19.1 17.4 15.7 14.2 13.2 11.6 10.8 9.6 9.0 7.2
Daily Cigarettes 8.2 7.4 6.8 5.8 5.7 5.3 4.5 4.8 4.3 3.8 3.2 2.7 2.6 2.0 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.1 0.5
Smokeless Tobacco nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 5.5 4.7 5.0 4.4 4.0 2.4
Cigars 16.3 15.1 14.8 14.1 13.7 13.0 12.5 12.5 11.1 10.7 9.6 8.3 8.0 7.2 6.1 6.4 5.3 5.1 3.8
Pipe Tobacco 2.8 2.6 2.8 2.5 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.6 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.1 2.2 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.4 1.4 1.0
ALCOHOL 43.4 42.9 42.0 40.6 40.4 39.5 38.6 38.4 35.4 34.5 32.4 30.8 29.6 28.4 27.0 27.1 26.3 26.7 22.8
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
GENERAL SUBSTANCES                                      
Illicit Drugs, Tobacco Products, or Alcohol1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 39.1 37.1 37.5 37.0 37.3 32.2
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 36.9 34.8 35.7 35.3 35.7 30.9
Tobacco Products or Alcohol 51.2 49.7 48.3 46.7 45.9 44.9 43.9 43.6 40.8 39.3 36.6 35.3 33.9 32.4 30.7 30.5 29.7 29.6 25.1
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Illicit Drug Use in Lifetime includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics even though those estimates are not reported due to potential underreporting in lifetime prescription psychotherapeutics estimates.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.5A – Types of Illicit Drug, Tobacco Product, and Alcohol Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 4,346 3,941 4,069 4,151 4,279 3,436
Marijuana 3,905 3,745 3,656 3,383 3,355 3,158 3,258 3,363 3,414 3,553 3,363 3,346 3,262 3,137 2,982 3,094 3,110 3,284 2,531
Cocaine 508 438 411 423 411 385 306 242 239 229 180 131 168 153 136 127 112 97 84
Crack 100 95 63 54 74 65 34 29 18 29 19 11 20 5 11 16 4 11 2
Heroin 51 36 48 37 37 24 41 34 28 54 31 31 28 21 13 14 10 * *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 523 456 512 376 440 370
LSD 314 149 157 150 106 126 185 143 136 159 152 150 214 251 204 259 204 279 219
PCP 110 89 72 85 59 56 61 48 35 39 48 29 33 34 18 23 15 21 *
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 201 177 174 130 144 86
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 684 554 574 662 743 683
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 40 32 48 43 41 21
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,464 1,317 1,232 1,196 1,062 688
Pain Relievers1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 969 881 767 695 567 396
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 491 427 452 369 430 288
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 448 482 492 460 436 226
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 394 434 458 423 392 196
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 102 100 74 63 82 35
Benzodiazepines nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 369 417 441 399 381 157
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 980 891 769 699 567 396
Central Nervous System Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 605 519 540 470 499 346
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2,263 1,965 1,945 1,901 1,862 1,507
TOBACCO PRODUCTS3 5,839 5,634 5,562 5,365 5,295 5,010 4,747 4,799 4,419 4,203 3,801 3,461 3,161 2,877 2,607 2,430 2,072 2,072 1,406
Cigarettes 5,037 4,737 4,645 4,387 4,325 3,973 3,762 3,724 3,460 3,287 2,948 2,561 2,210 2,021 1,785 1,567 1,365 1,333 968
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 879 752 749 625 620 339
Cigars 2,511 2,487 2,568 2,485 2,382 2,373 2,127 2,218 1,882 1,939 1,684 1,424 1,426 1,271 1,101 1,136 928 896 593
Pipe Tobacco3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
ALCOHOL 8,564 8,563 8,537 8,454 8,375 8,042 7,727 7,516 6,982 6,940 6,555 6,133 5,979 5,652 5,385 5,466 5,191 5,274 4,633
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
GENERAL SUBSTANCES                                      
Illicit Drugs, Tobacco Products, or Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 7,446 7,140 7,239 7,020 7,119 5,908
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 7,054 6,681 6,884 6,691 6,826 5,726
Tobacco Products or Alcohol3 9,883 9,805 9,729 9,608 9,486 9,127 8,735 8,609 8,062 7,937 7,399 7,026 6,765 6,353 6,111 6,086 5,777 5,832 4,935
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and later years.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. The estimate for tobacco product use in the past year excludes past year pipe tobacco use, but includes past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.5B – Types of Illicit Drug, Tobacco Product, and Alcohol Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 17.5 15.8 16.3 16.7 17.2 13.8
Marijuana 15.8 15.0 14.5 13.3 13.2 12.5 13.1 13.7 14.0 14.2 13.5 13.4 13.1 12.6 12.0 12.4 12.5 13.2 10.1
Cocaine 2.1 1.8 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.2 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3
Crack 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0
Heroin 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 * *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2.1 1.8 2.1 1.5 1.8 1.5
LSD 1.3 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.9 1.0 0.8 1.0 0.8 1.1 0.9
PCP 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 *
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.3
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2.7 2.2 2.3 2.7 3.0 2.7
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 5.9 5.3 4.9 4.8 4.3 2.8
Pain Relievers1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 3.9 3.5 3.1 2.8 2.3 1.6
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2.0 1.7 1.8 1.5 1.7 1.2
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.8 1.9 2.0 1.8 1.8 0.9
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.6 0.8
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.1
Benzodiazepines nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.5 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.5 0.6
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 3.9 3.6 3.1 2.8 2.3 1.6
Central Nervous System Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2.4 2.1 2.2 1.9 2.0 1.4
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 9.1 7.9 7.8 7.6 7.5 6.0
TOBACCO PRODUCTS3 23.6 22.5 22.1 21.2 20.9 19.8 19.1 19.5 18.1 16.8 15.2 13.9 12.7 11.6 10.5 9.7 8.3 8.3 5.6
Cigarettes 20.3 19.0 18.4 17.3 17.0 15.7 15.1 15.1 14.2 13.2 11.8 10.3 8.9 8.1 7.2 6.3 5.5 5.4 3.9
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 3.5 3.0 3.0 2.5 2.5 1.4
Cigars 10.1 10.0 10.2 9.8 9.4 9.4 8.5 9.0 7.7 7.8 6.8 5.7 5.7 5.1 4.4 4.6 3.7 3.6 2.4
Pipe Tobacco3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
ALCOHOL 34.6 34.3 33.9 33.3 33.0 31.9 31.0 30.5 28.7 27.8 26.3 24.6 24.0 22.7 21.6 21.9 20.8 21.2 18.5
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
GENERAL SUBSTANCES                                      
Illicit Drugs, Tobacco Products, or Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 29.9 28.7 29.0 28.2 28.6 23.6
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 28.3 26.8 27.6 26.9 27.4 22.9
Tobacco Products or Alcohol3 39.9 39.2 38.6 37.9 37.4 36.2 35.1 35.0 33.1 31.8 29.7 28.2 27.2 25.5 24.5 24.4 23.2 23.4 19.8
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and later years.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. The estimate for tobacco product use in the past year excludes past year pipe tobacco use, but includes past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.6A – Types of Illicit Drug, Tobacco Product, and Alcohol Use in Past Month: Among People Aged 12 to 17; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2,193 1,959 1,966 2,000 2,167 1,679
Marijuana 2,023 1,971 1,909 1,730 1,695 1,693 1,668 1,813 1,802 1,967 1,800 1,762 1,830 1,752 1,609 1,613 1,658 1,837 1,472
Cocaine 146 153 126 142 110 104 98 70 60 67 30 43 39 53 28 26 12 34 11
Crack 26 32 16 25 12 16 7 8 4 3 * 3 8 1 3 * * 5 2
Heroin 11 18 15 15 16 3 14 13 8 15 * 13 16 5 3 2 8 * *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 121 114 143 139 152 80
LSD 61 51 38 32 31 30 52 35 46 34 26 51 65 53 42 53 55 68 27
PCP 23 20 11 17 12 9 15 12 6 4 5 7 3 9 5 5 4 * *
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 33 29 41 53 40 23
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 175 149 153 184 216 106
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 13 9 16 17 11 7
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 492 389 364 312 329 169
Pain Relievers1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 276 239 214 161 165 96
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 117 92 123 120 123 72
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 175 138 140 88 121 26
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 162 121 128 81 112 25
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 21 23 19 9 29 1
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 277 241 215 169 165 96
Central Nervous System Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 172 114 157 141 160 87
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 750 601 610 584 598 305
TOBACCO PRODUCTS 3,767 3,610 3,635 3,324 3,282 3,141 2,870 2,894 2,612 2,490 2,152 1,951 1,742 1,492 1,324 1,216 1,052 947 598
Cigarettes 3,209 3,044 2,998 2,733 2,642 2,495 2,282 2,216 2,040 1,939 1,634 1,397 1,213 1,039 855 787 672 572 350
Daily Cigarettes 1,021 904 828 704 701 659 510 511 459 440 360 271 292 208 129 96 99 75 25
Smokeless Tobacco nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 367 352 335 278 248 146
Cigars 1,117 1,115 1,201 1,064 1,049 1,073 951 990 788 858 645 576 521 517 448 479 411 353 205
Pipe Tobacco 137 160 178 158 168 181 178 231 155 182 165 160 179 84 123 112 72 83 73
ALCOHOL 4,365 4,425 4,436 4,191 4,228 4,040 3,671 3,649 3,319 3,326 3,217 2,877 2,872 2,392 2,289 2,465 2,233 2,346 2,061
Binge Alcohol Use3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,441 1,214 1,310 1,168 1,212 1,033
Heavy Alcohol Use nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 221 191 174 131 208 140
GENERAL SUBSTANCES                                      
Illicit Drugs, Tobacco Products, or Alcohol nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 3,891 3,662 3,762 3,542 3,739 3,053
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 3,534 3,282 3,442 3,285 3,502 2,874
Tobacco Products or Alcohol 5,950 5,903 5,894 5,589 5,540 5,324 4,892 4,842 4,436 4,363 4,102 3,756 3,642 3,083 2,942 3,003 2,739 2,794 2,351
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and later years.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
210617
Table 7.6B – Types of Illicit Drug, Tobacco Product, and Alcohol Use in Past Month: Among People Aged 12 to 17; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 8.8 7.9 7.9 8.0 8.7 6.7
Marijuana 8.2 7.9 7.6 6.8 6.7 6.7 6.7 7.4 7.4 7.9 7.2 7.1 7.4 7.0 6.5 6.5 6.7 7.4 5.9
Cocaine 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0
Crack 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * * 0.0 0.0
Heroin 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 * 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.3
LSD 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1
PCP 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * *
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.9 0.4
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2.0 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.3 0.7
Pain Relievers1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.6 0.7 0.4
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.3
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.1
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.1
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.4
Central Nervous System Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.3
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 3.0 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.4 1.2
TOBACCO PRODUCTS 15.2 14.4 14.4 13.1 12.9 12.4 11.5 11.8 10.7 10.0 8.6 7.8 7.0 6.0 5.3 4.9 4.2 3.8 2.4
Cigarettes 13.0 12.2 11.9 10.8 10.4 9.9 9.2 9.0 8.4 7.8 6.6 5.6 4.9 4.2 3.4 3.2 2.7 2.3 1.4
Daily Cigarettes 4.1 3.6 3.3 2.8 2.8 2.6 2.0 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.4 1.1 1.2 0.8 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.1
Smokeless Tobacco nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.0 0.6
Cigars 4.5 4.5 4.8 4.2 4.1 4.3 3.8 4.0 3.2 3.4 2.6 2.3 2.1 2.1 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.4 0.8
Pipe Tobacco 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3
ALCOHOL 17.6 17.7 17.6 16.5 16.7 16.0 14.7 14.8 13.6 13.3 12.9 11.6 11.5 9.6 9.2 9.9 9.0 9.4 8.2
Binge Alcohol Use3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 5.8 4.9 5.3 4.7 4.9 4.1
Heavy Alcohol Use nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.8 0.6
GENERAL SUBSTANCES                                      
Illicit Drugs, Tobacco Products, or Alcohol nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 15.6 14.7 15.1 14.2 15.0 12.2
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 14.2 13.2 13.8 13.2 14.1 11.5
Tobacco Products or Alcohol 24.0 23.6 23.4 22.0 21.8 21.1 19.7 19.7 18.2 17.5 16.5 15.1 14.6 12.4 11.8 12.0 11.0 11.2 9.4
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and later years.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
210617
Table 7.7A – Types of Illicit Drug, Tobacco Product, and Alcohol Use in Lifetime: Among People Aged 18 or Older; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 124,313 124,891 128,741 128,840 131,937 133,314
Marijuana 89,842 91,723 91,984 93,143 93,393 96,641 98,720 100,747 102,456 103,464 107,007 110,619 113,121 113,952 114,847 119,137 120,112 123,192 123,401
Cocaine 33,239 34,243 33,542 33,090 34,732 35,402 36,443 36,337 36,998 36,584 37,423 37,419 38,978 38,535 38,668 40,381 40,021 41,291 39,155
Crack 8,239 7,792 7,715 7,820 8,430 8,509 8,374 8,332 9,148 8,146 8,981 8,847 9,389 9,022 8,759 9,569 9,163 9,355 9,354
Heroin 3,574 3,664 3,067 3,475 3,728 3,751 3,729 3,623 4,097 4,093 4,505 4,774 4,777 5,064 4,950 5,262 5,093 5,675 6,251
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 40,155 40,816 41,372 42,690 43,472 43,386
LSD 23,845 24,027 23,085 22,145 23,146 22,518 23,333 23,464 23,143 22,771 23,487 24,549 24,744 24,994 25,573 25,705 27,013 27,137 27,806
PCP 7,185 6,903 6,587 6,421 6,505 6,073 6,554 6,173 6,179 6,027 6,456 6,416 6,328 6,262 6,412 6,053 6,055 5,475 6,134
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 17,971 18,171 18,915 19,740 19,872 20,295
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 23,494 22,339 23,043 22,658 22,889 24,422
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 14,440 14,464 14,636 14,822 15,939 15,349
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Pain Relievers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Central Nervous System Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
TOBACCO PRODUCTS 162,725 164,212 163,579 164,422 166,339 165,393 167,179 167,437 168,297 168,108 168,300 170,337 170,825 166,821 165,611 166,784 164,981 164,609 157,805
Cigarettes 154,311 155,488 154,479 155,082 156,386 155,844 156,887 157,110 157,953 157,025 156,718 158,236 158,266 153,202 151,800 152,764 150,083 148,982 143,690
Daily Cigarettes 93,183 92,908 91,702 92,001 93,061 93,191 93,191 90,919 92,158 89,878 92,569 91,747 91,139 88,748 87,641 85,214 83,533 83,747 83,843
Smokeless Tobacco nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 42,166 42,119 42,647 41,513 41,582 36,849
Cigars 84,020 84,320 83,666 84,687 85,181 85,231 86,645 87,372 86,067 85,830 86,206 87,047 87,282 85,950 83,809 84,766 85,187 84,657 80,869
Pipe Tobacco 39,316 39,424 38,799 37,829 37,706 34,950 36,049 34,578 33,840 33,958 33,984 33,655 33,141 33,073 32,637 32,646 32,434 31,110 26,984
ALCOHOL 184,705 186,820 187,624 191,361 193,139 193,976 195,805 199,084 200,642 203,137 205,946 206,125 210,390 209,764 209,437 213,297 214,668 214,317 214,528
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
GENERAL SUBSTANCES                                      
Illicit Drugs, Tobacco Products, or Alcohol1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 219,260 218,984 222,849 223,722 223,729 223,484
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 213,053 212,983 216,865 217,893 218,022 218,274
Tobacco Products or Alcohol 193,321 194,996 196,497 199,731 202,039 202,302 204,559 206,795 209,122 210,883 213,749 215,469 218,208 217,661 217,428 221,274 222,228 221,931 221,407
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Illicit Drug Use in Lifetime includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics even though those estimates are not reported due to potential underreporting in lifetime prescription psychotherapeutics estimates.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.7B – Types of Illicit Drug, Tobacco Product, and Alcohol Use in Lifetime: Among People Aged 18 or Older; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 51.2 51.1 52.1 51.8 52.7 52.9
Marijuana 42.7 43.1 42.7 42.8 42.3 43.4 43.9 44.3 44.7 44.5 45.5 46.6 47.1 46.9 47.0 48.2 48.3 49.2 49.0
Cocaine 15.8 16.1 15.6 15.2 15.7 15.9 16.2 16.0 16.1 15.7 15.9 15.8 16.2 15.9 15.8 16.3 16.1 16.5 15.5
Crack 3.9 3.7 3.6 3.6 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.7 4.0 3.5 3.8 3.7 3.9 3.7 3.6 3.9 3.7 3.7 3.7
Heroin 1.7 1.7 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.0 2.3 2.5
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 16.5 16.7 16.7 17.2 17.4 17.2
LSD 11.3 11.3 10.7 10.2 10.5 10.1 10.4 10.3 10.1 9.8 10.0 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.5 10.4 10.9 10.8 11.0
PCP 3.4 3.2 3.1 2.9 2.9 2.7 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.2 2.4
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 7.4 7.4 7.7 7.9 7.9 8.1
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 9.7 9.1 9.3 9.1 9.1 9.7
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 5.9 5.9 5.9 6.0 6.4 6.1
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Pain Relievers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Central Nervous System Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
TOBACCO PRODUCTS 77.3 77.2 76.0 75.5 75.4 74.3 74.3 73.7 73.4 72.3 71.6 71.7 71.1 68.7 67.7 67.5 66.3 65.8 62.6
Cigarettes 73.3 73.1 71.8 71.2 70.9 70.0 69.8 69.1 68.9 67.5 66.7 66.6 65.9 63.1 62.1 61.8 60.3 59.5 57.0
Daily Cigarettes 44.3 43.7 42.6 42.2 42.2 41.9 41.4 40.0 40.2 38.6 39.4 38.6 37.9 36.6 35.8 34.5 33.6 33.5 33.3
Smokeless Tobacco nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 17.4 17.2 17.3 16.7 16.6 14.6
Cigars 39.9 39.6 38.9 38.9 38.6 38.3 38.5 38.5 37.5 36.9 36.7 36.7 36.3 35.4 34.3 34.3 34.2 33.8 32.1
Pipe Tobacco 18.7 18.5 18.0 17.4 17.1 15.7 16.0 15.2 14.8 14.6 14.5 14.2 13.8 13.6 13.3 13.2 13.0 12.4 10.7
ALCOHOL 87.8 87.8 87.1 87.8 87.5 87.1 87.1 87.6 87.5 87.3 87.6 86.8 87.6 86.4 85.6 86.3 86.3 85.6 85.2
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
GENERAL SUBSTANCES                                      
Illicit Drugs, Tobacco Products, or Alcohol1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 90.3 89.6 90.2 89.9 89.4 88.7
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 87.7 87.1 87.7 87.6 87.1 86.6
Tobacco Products or Alcohol 91.9 91.7 91.3 91.7 91.6 90.9 90.9 91.0 91.2 90.7 90.9 90.7 90.8 89.6 88.9 89.5 89.3 88.7 87.9
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Illicit Drug Use in Lifetime includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics even though those estimates are not reported due to potential underreporting in lifetime prescription psychotherapeutics estimates.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.8A – Types of Illicit Drug, Tobacco Product, and Alcohol Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 43,384 44,559 47,726 49,031 52,924 55,841
Marijuana 21,850 21,486 21,796 21,991 22,077 21,978 22,633 25,325 25,887 26,186 28,150 29,606 31,862 32,906 34,588 37,841 40,377 44,958 47,103
Cocaine 5,394 5,470 5,247 5,099 5,663 5,362 4,977 4,564 4,294 3,628 4,491 4,051 4,385 4,675 4,936 5,816 5,418 5,371 5,088
Crack 1,454 1,310 1,241 1,327 1,404 1,387 1,079 979 866 597 902 621 754 828 871 913 753 766 655
Heroin 353 278 350 343 524 349 415 547 593 566 638 650 885 807 934 872 798 745 902
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 4,169 4,447 4,613 5,219 5,571 6,763
LSD 684 409 434 413 561 495 623 647 746 721 905 962 1,075 1,284 1,692 1,984 2,115 2,191 2,418
PCP 126 130 138 79 129 83 37 77 61 80 124 61 57 86 85 73 56 52 95
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2,359 2,308 2,313 2,386 2,395 2,537
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,076 1,106 1,185 1,341 1,399 1,707
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,673 1,360 1,585 1,824 1,958 2,528
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 17,478 17,354 16,844 15,686 15,242 15,385
Pain Relievers1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 11,492 10,635 10,310 9,253 9,158 8,858
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 4,760 5,220 5,386 4,739 4,499 4,804
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 6,519 6,539 6,251 5,975 5,459 5,979
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 5,656 5,626 5,485 5,319 4,829 5,264
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,409 1,431 1,278 1,021 1,016 1,205
Benzodiazepines nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 5,167 5,283 5,233 5,039 4,460 4,622
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 11,712 10,933 10,632 9,551 9,499 9,094
Central Nervous System Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 9,220 9,518 10,342 9,589 9,638 9,960
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 22,276 22,019 22,458 21,422 21,727 22,455
TOBACCO PRODUCTS3 78,892 77,781 77,504 79,593 80,739 80,008 79,803 78,716 78,965 77,656 79,029 77,385 77,979 75,422 74,145 72,306 71,095 69,905 63,009
Cigarettes 66,273 65,116 65,264 66,446 67,368 66,745 66,368 65,537 65,139 63,839 64,854 63,695 63,648 59,827 59,466 56,841 56,078 54,218 49,993
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 11,648 11,071 10,956 10,310 10,857 8,867
Cigars 23,417 22,898 23,405 24,423 24,475 24,276 24,155 24,374 24,179 23,040 23,964 23,509 22,309 23,111 21,671 22,307 22,023 21,329 19,033
Pipe Tobacco3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
ALCOHOL 146,912 145,978 148,149 153,172 154,073 154,933 157,239 160,620 161,399 163,482 167,018 167,833 170,577 170,195 169,240 173,270 174,087 173,870 173,084
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
GENERAL SUBSTANCES                                      
Illicit Drugs, Tobacco Products, or Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 186,610 185,528 189,384 190,317 190,422 188,766
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 175,209 174,243 178,669 179,223 180,196 180,196
Tobacco Products or Alcohol3 160,664 160,175 161,339 167,466 168,206 168,730 171,208 173,417 175,261 176,903 180,430 181,367 184,508 184,135 183,079 186,763 187,895 187,446 184,994
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and later years.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. The estimate for tobacco product use in the past year excludes past year pipe tobacco use, but includes past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.8B – Types of Illicit Drug, Tobacco Product, and Alcohol Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 17.9 18.2 19.3 19.7 21.1 22.2
Marijuana 10.4 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.0 9.9 10.1 11.1 11.3 11.3 12.0 12.5 13.3 13.6 14.1 15.3 16.2 18.0 18.7
Cocaine 2.6 2.6 2.4 2.3 2.6 2.4 2.2 2.0 1.9 1.6 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.0
Crack 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3
Heroin 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.7
LSD 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0
PCP 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.0
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 7.2 7.1 6.8 6.3 6.1 6.1
Pain Relievers1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 4.7 4.3 4.2 3.7 3.7 3.5
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2.0 2.1 2.2 1.9 1.8 1.9
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.4 2.2 2.4
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.1 1.9 2.1
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5
Benzodiazepines nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.0 1.8 1.8
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 4.8 4.5 4.3 3.8 3.8 3.6
Central Nervous System Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 3.8 3.9 4.2 3.9 3.9 4.0
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 9.2 9.0 9.1 8.6 8.7 8.9
TOBACCO PRODUCTS3 37.5 36.6 36.0 36.5 36.6 35.9 35.5 34.6 34.4 33.4 33.6 32.6 32.5 31.1 30.3 29.3 28.6 27.9 25.0
Cigarettes 31.5 30.6 30.3 30.5 30.5 30.0 29.5 28.8 28.4 27.4 27.6 26.8 26.5 24.6 24.3 23.0 22.5 21.7 19.8
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 4.8 4.5 4.4 4.1 4.3 3.5
Cigars 11.1 10.8 10.9 11.2 11.1 10.9 10.7 10.7 10.5 9.9 10.2 9.9 9.3 9.5 8.9 9.0 8.8 8.5 7.6
Pipe Tobacco3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
ALCOHOL 69.8 68.6 68.8 70.3 69.8 69.6 69.9 70.7 70.4 70.3 71.0 70.7 71.0 70.1 69.2 70.1 70.0 69.5 68.7
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
GENERAL SUBSTANCES                                      
Illicit Drugs, Tobacco Products, or Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 76.9 75.9 76.6 76.5 76.1 74.9
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 72.2 71.3 72.3 72.0 72.0 71.5
Tobacco Products or Alcohol3 76.4 75.3 74.9 76.9 76.2 75.8 76.1 76.3 76.4 76.0 76.7 76.4 76.8 75.8 74.9 75.6 75.5 74.9 73.4
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and later years.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. The estimate for tobacco product use in the past year excludes past year pipe tobacco use, but includes past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.9A – Types of Illicit Drug, Tobacco Product, and Alcohol Use in Past Month: Among People Aged 18 or Older; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 24,887 26,605 28,510 29,917 33,636 35,630
Marijuana 12,561 12,667 12,667 12,896 13,154 12,777 13,601 15,013 15,607 16,103 17,055 18,048 20,357 20,474 22,373 24,383 26,009 29,769 31,312
Cocaine 1,874 2,128 1,895 2,255 2,316 1,972 1,767 1,572 1,412 1,302 1,620 1,505 1,491 1,822 1,847 2,141 1,938 1,965 1,821
Crack 541 572 451 657 691 595 356 489 375 225 443 375 347 393 429 472 436 372 333
Heroin 155 101 151 121 323 157 200 180 231 267 335 277 419 325 471 492 347 431 513
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,118 1,276 1,295 1,491 1,763 1,681
LSD 51 82 103 72 99 114 105 124 109 118 158 177 222 299 332 459 403 512 622
PCP 35 35 37 31 19 34 * 42 30 22 27 26 * 17 17 32 30 * 24
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 524 590 547 636 623 659
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 352 451 403 428 591 797
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 885 658 758 984 1,161 1,715
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 5,873 5,818 5,592 5,112 5,008 5,108
Pain Relievers1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 3,499 3,111 3,024 2,691 2,654 2,440
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,536 1,643 1,718 1,550 1,443 1,421
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2,010 2,187 1,815 1,711 1,837 2,170
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,712 1,832 1,599 1,553 1,669 1,866
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 425 474 333 234 275 480
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 3,686 3,408 3,333 2,874 2,936 2,789
Central Nervous System Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 3,762 3,751 4,137 3,970 4,103 4,396
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 8,523 8,517 8,550 8,271 8,735 9,000
TOBACCO PRODUCTS 67,732 67,147 66,622 68,195 69,596 67,932 68,085 66,932 67,051 65,735 67,345 64,928 65,157 62,467 62,105 59,856 57,723 57,127 51,096
Cigarettes 57,928 57,391 56,897 57,799 58,926 57,688 57,551 56,507 56,295 54,880 55,890 54,381 54,028 50,912 50,478 47,905 46,284 45,313 41,050
Daily Cigarettes 37,717 37,085 36,516 37,428 37,631 36,242 36,278 35,323 34,259 34,049 34,577 32,976 32,179 29,982 29,573 27,691 27,229 26,721 24,849
Smokeless Tobacco nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 8,625 8,416 8,239 7,694 8,268 6,875
Cigars 11,634 11,722 12,526 12,576 12,652 12,227 12,274 12,355 12,485 12,007 12,772 11,862 11,443 11,991 11,813 12,053 11,800 11,344 10,386
Pipe Tobacco 1,679 1,458 1,657 2,032 2,147 1,863 1,707 1,873 2,000 1,955 2,365 2,111 2,067 2,183 2,141 2,221 2,012 1,827 1,751
ALCOHOL 115,455 114,539 116,498 121,837 121,133 122,825 125,213 126,994 128,055 130,059 132,285 133,991 136,804 135,929 134,446 138,123 137,602 137,381 136,461
Binge Alcohol Use3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 65,249 64,113 65,326 65,891 64,633 60,536
Heavy Alcohol Use nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 17,105 16,098 16,543 16,437 15,835 17,592
GENERAL SUBSTANCES                                      
Illicit Drugs, Tobacco Products, or Alcohol nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 159,224 158,474 161,478 161,284 161,605 159,464
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 141,264 140,492 144,367 144,208 145,559 145,593
Tobacco Products or Alcohol 137,456 136,833 137,390 143,031 143,823 144,514 146,460 147,823 149,948 150,956 154,431 155,336 158,145 157,080 155,758 158,743 158,257 157,655 155,330
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and later years.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.9B – Types of Illicit Drug, Tobacco Product, and Alcohol Use in Past Month: Among People Aged 18 or Older; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 10.2 10.9 11.5 12.0 13.4 14.1
Marijuana 6.0 6.0 5.9 5.9 6.0 5.7 6.0 6.6 6.8 6.9 7.3 7.6 8.5 8.4 9.1 9.9 10.5 11.9 12.4
Cocaine 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7
Crack 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1
Heroin 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7
LSD 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
PCP 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * 0.0
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.7
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.1 2.0 2.0
Pain Relievers1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.9
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1
Central Nervous System Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.7
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.5 3.6
TOBACCO PRODUCTS 32.2 31.6 30.9 31.3 31.5 30.5 30.3 29.5 29.2 28.3 28.6 27.3 27.1 25.7 25.4 24.2 23.2 22.8 20.3
Cigarettes 27.5 27.0 26.4 26.5 26.7 25.9 25.6 24.9 24.6 23.6 23.8 22.9 22.5 21.0 20.6 19.4 18.6 18.1 16.3
Daily Cigarettes 17.9 17.4 17.0 17.2 17.1 16.3 16.1 15.5 14.9 14.6 14.7 13.9 13.4 12.3 12.1 11.2 10.9 10.7 9.9
Smokeless Tobacco nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 3.6 3.4 3.3 3.1 3.3 2.7
Cigars 5.5 5.5 5.8 5.8 5.7 5.5 5.5 5.4 5.4 5.2 5.4 5.0 4.8 4.9 4.8 4.9 4.7 4.5 4.1
Pipe Tobacco 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.7
ALCOHOL 54.9 53.9 54.1 55.9 54.9 55.2 55.7 55.9 55.9 55.9 56.3 56.4 56.9 56.0 55.0 55.9 55.3 54.9 54.2
Binge Alcohol Use3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 26.9 26.2 26.4 26.5 25.8 24.0
Heavy Alcohol Use nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 7.0 6.6 6.7 6.6 6.3 7.0
GENERAL SUBSTANCES                                      
Illicit Drugs, Tobacco Products, or Alcohol nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 65.6 64.8 65.3 64.8 64.6 63.3
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 58.2 57.5 58.4 57.9 58.2 57.8
Tobacco Products or Alcohol 65.3 64.3 63.8 65.7 65.2 64.9 65.1 65.1 65.4 64.9 65.7 65.4 65.8 64.7 63.7 64.2 63.6 63.0 61.7
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and later years.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.10A – Types of Illicit Drug, Tobacco Product, and Alcohol Use in Lifetime: Among People Aged 18 to 25; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 20,083 19,469 19,549 18,922 18,832 17,879
Marijuana 16,680 17,103 16,983 17,032 17,180 16,652 16,718 17,677 17,529 17,796 18,052 18,051 18,390 18,392 17,897 18,087 17,512 17,450 16,604
Cocaine 4,786 4,755 4,893 4,905 5,139 4,925 4,772 4,997 4,568 4,253 4,267 4,041 3,881 4,074 3,901 4,125 3,872 3,809 3,065
Crack 1,182 1,193 1,135 1,145 1,176 985 916 965 886 714 654 563 546 531 387 436 340 339 247
Heroin 487 516 529 496 514 498 467 587 614 594 664 619 683 616 539 602 459 389 226
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 6,486 5,940 5,859 5,597 5,597 5,269
LSD 4,928 4,450 3,900 3,417 2,933 2,381 2,167 2,326 2,194 2,054 2,056 2,246 2,451 2,691 2,884 3,125 3,338 3,368 3,284
PCP 834 948 737 716 641 540 523 480 447 351 345 326 305 267 235 261 215 249 167
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 4,561 4,018 4,105 3,586 3,500 2,946
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 3,463 3,387 3,242 3,053 3,099 2,929
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,135 836 1,024 867 904 538
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Pain Relievers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Central Nervous System Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
TOBACCO PRODUCTS 23,426 23,723 23,658 23,496 23,525 23,016 23,151 23,383 23,437 23,304 22,926 22,650 22,290 21,524 20,490 19,866 18,704 17,776 15,413
Cigarettes 22,099 22,267 22,118 21,879 21,808 21,206 21,201 21,420 21,224 20,929 20,593 20,141 19,608 18,596 17,467 16,988 15,609 14,686 12,862
Daily Cigarettes 11,508 11,423 11,213 11,069 10,717 10,198 9,944 9,920 9,532 9,324 9,037 8,669 8,332 7,893 6,860 6,268 5,610 5,455 4,274
Smokeless Tobacco nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 6,842 6,284 6,160 5,688 5,618 4,478
Cigars 14,148 14,327 14,213 14,036 14,132 13,887 13,792 14,132 13,988 13,540 13,490 13,379 13,170 12,659 12,081 11,466 11,104 10,446 8,599
Pipe Tobacco 2,495 2,441 2,661 2,693 2,613 2,587 2,801 2,911 3,277 3,331 3,421 3,597 3,475 3,437 3,199 3,044 2,818 2,604 2,127
ALCOHOL 26,889 27,622 27,752 27,836 28,309 27,885 28,191 28,804 29,189 28,901 29,195 29,148 29,126 28,753 28,111 27,805 27,110 26,622 25,246
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
GENERAL SUBSTANCES                                      
Illicit Drugs, Tobacco Products, or Alcohol1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 30,560 29,777 29,482 28,826 28,259 26,936
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 29,702 29,005 28,692 28,095 27,563 26,348
Tobacco Products or Alcohol 27,936 28,676 28,877 28,986 29,326 28,946 29,385 29,833 30,237 30,115 30,359 30,251 30,250 29,990 29,305 28,963 28,244 27,626 26,164
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Illicit Drug Use in Lifetime includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics even though those estimates are not reported due to potential underreporting in lifetime prescription psychotherapeutics estimates.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.10B – Types of Illicit Drug, Tobacco Product, and Alcohol Use in Lifetime: Among People Aged 18 to 25; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 57.5 56.3 57.0 55.6 55.8 53.4
Marijuana 53.8 53.9 52.8 52.4 52.5 50.9 50.8 52.6 51.4 51.9 52.2 51.9 52.6 52.7 51.8 52.7 51.5 51.7 49.6
Cocaine 15.4 15.0 15.2 15.1 15.7 15.0 14.5 14.9 13.4 12.4 12.3 11.6 11.1 11.7 11.3 12.0 11.4 11.3 9.1
Crack 3.8 3.8 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.0 2.8 2.9 2.6 2.1 1.9 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.1 1.3 1.0 1.0 0.7
Heroin 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.9 1.8 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.8 1.3 1.2 0.7
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 18.6 17.2 17.1 16.4 16.6 15.7
LSD 15.9 14.0 12.1 10.5 9.0 7.3 6.6 6.9 6.4 6.0 5.9 6.5 7.0 7.7 8.3 9.1 9.8 10.0 9.8
PCP 2.7 3.0 2.3 2.2 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.5
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 13.1 11.6 12.0 10.5 10.4 8.8
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 9.9 9.8 9.5 9.0 9.2 8.7
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 3.3 2.4 3.0 2.5 2.7 1.6
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Pain Relievers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Central Nervous System Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
TOBACCO PRODUCTS 75.5 74.8 73.5 72.3 71.9 70.3 70.3 69.6 68.8 67.9 66.3 65.1 63.8 61.7 59.3 57.9 55.0 52.7 46.0
Cigarettes 71.2 70.2 68.7 67.3 66.6 64.8 64.4 63.8 62.3 61.0 59.5 57.9 56.1 53.3 50.5 49.5 45.9 43.5 38.4
Daily Cigarettes 37.1 36.0 34.8 34.1 32.7 31.2 30.2 29.5 28.0 27.2 26.1 24.9 23.8 22.6 19.8 18.3 16.5 16.2 12.8
Smokeless Tobacco nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 19.6 18.2 18.0 16.7 16.7 13.4
Cigars 45.6 45.2 44.1 43.2 43.2 42.4 41.9 42.1 41.1 39.5 39.0 38.5 37.7 36.3 34.9 33.4 32.6 31.0 25.7
Pipe Tobacco 8.0 7.7 8.3 8.3 8.0 7.9 8.5 8.7 9.6 9.7 9.9 10.3 9.9 9.8 9.3 8.9 8.3 7.7 6.4
ALCOHOL 86.7 87.1 86.2 85.7 86.5 85.2 85.6 85.8 85.7 84.3 84.4 83.8 83.4 82.4 81.3 81.1 79.7 78.9 75.4
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
GENERAL SUBSTANCES                                      
Illicit Drugs, Tobacco Products, or Alcohol1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 87.5 86.1 85.9 84.7 83.8 80.4
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 85.1 83.9 83.6 82.5 81.7 78.7
Tobacco Products or Alcohol 90.0 90.4 89.7 89.2 89.6 88.4 89.2 88.8 88.7 87.8 87.8 87.0 86.6 85.9 84.8 84.4 83.0 81.9 78.1
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Illicit Drug Use in Lifetime includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics even though those estimates are not reported due to potential underreporting in lifetime prescription psychotherapeutics estimates.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.11A – Types of Illicit Drug, Tobacco Product, and Alcohol Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 to 25; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 13,102 13,034 13,522 13,168 13,193 12,398
Marijuana 9,238 9,044 8,963 9,111 9,188 9,008 9,154 10,343 10,215 10,554 10,887 11,000 11,154 11,246 11,401 11,956 11,829 11,952 11,566
Cocaine 2,087 2,098 2,134 2,247 2,263 2,087 1,844 1,790 1,593 1,563 1,600 1,543 1,604 1,876 1,919 2,128 1,967 1,789 1,441
Crack 266 275 263 328 293 249 217 172 180 107 140 95 127 109 90 108 87 61 49
Heroin 122 96 118 159 147 142 149 183 211 230 272 244 268 217 227 214 157 87 62
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2,453 2,388 2,406 2,332 2,425 2,446
LSD 553 336 317 322 380 375 507 523 549 586 622 708 800 979 1,161 1,310 1,187 1,202 1,254
PCP 95 117 100 57 76 57 30 35 37 63 57 26 36 32 15 27 10 30 63
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,422 1,223 1,209 1,063 1,089 845
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 487 485 562 495 577 507
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 329 265 375 273 275 171
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 5,330 5,026 4,956 4,202 3,868 3,193
Pain Relievers1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2,979 2,454 2,460 1,858 1,754 1,361
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2,537 2,578 2,545 2,216 1,951 1,616
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,988 1,987 1,949 1,658 1,409 1,237
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,874 1,844 1,880 1,566 1,313 1,108
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 265 256 199 194 175 251
Benzodiazepines nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,799 1,794 1,830 1,526 1,266 1,097
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 3,029 2,516 2,494 1,895 1,776 1,376
Central Nervous System Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 3,789 3,854 3,890 3,487 3,205 2,567
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 7,036 6,649 6,657 6,006 5,791 5,169
TOBACCO PRODUCTS3 17,028 17,073 17,481 17,637 17,695 17,156 17,248 17,601 17,484 17,159 16,891 16,597 16,083 15,301 14,014 13,661 12,488 11,874 9,638
Cigarettes 15,214 15,113 15,290 15,348 15,403 14,787 14,865 15,212 14,733 14,516 14,195 13,750 13,157 12,215 10,956 10,645 9,501 8,720 7,241
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 3,156 2,772 2,653 2,402 2,586 2,023
Cigars 7,034 7,196 7,724 7,856 7,931 7,756 7,601 7,904 7,735 7,568 7,521 7,214 6,975 6,798 6,217 6,140 5,818 5,495 4,136
Pipe Tobacco3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
ALCOHOL 24,153 24,778 25,127 25,303 25,815 25,497 25,691 26,437 26,783 26,429 26,778 26,707 26,713 26,355 25,720 25,382 24,866 24,279 23,286
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
GENERAL SUBSTANCES                                      
Illicit Drugs, Tobacco Products, or Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 28,438 27,609 27,403 26,721 26,287 24,790
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 27,280 26,630 26,428 25,889 25,368 24,203
Tobacco Products or Alcohol3 25,571 26,254 26,657 26,824 27,232 26,975 27,261 27,850 28,306 28,118 28,307 28,266 28,229 27,926 27,181 26,839 26,107 25,614 24,195
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and later years.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. The estimate for tobacco product use in the past year excludes past year pipe tobacco use, but includes past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.11B – Types of Illicit Drug, Tobacco Product, and Alcohol Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 to 25; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 37.5 37.7 39.4 38.7 39.1 37.0
Marijuana 29.8 28.5 27.8 28.0 28.1 27.5 27.8 30.8 30.0 30.8 31.5 31.6 31.9 32.2 33.0 34.9 34.8 35.4 34.5
Cocaine 6.7 6.6 6.6 6.9 6.9 6.4 5.6 5.3 4.7 4.6 4.6 4.4 4.6 5.4 5.6 6.2 5.8 5.3 4.3
Crack 0.9 0.9 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1
Heroin 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.2
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 7.0 6.9 7.0 6.9 7.2 7.3
LSD 1.8 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.8 3.4 3.8 3.5 3.6 3.7
PCP 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 4.1 3.5 3.5 3.1 3.2 2.5
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.5
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.9 0.8 1.1 0.8 0.8 0.5
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 15.3 14.5 14.4 12.3 11.5 9.5
Pain Relievers1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 8.5 7.1 7.2 5.5 5.2 4.1
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 7.3 7.5 7.4 6.5 5.8 4.8
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 5.7 5.7 5.7 4.9 4.2 3.7
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 5.4 5.3 5.5 4.6 3.9 3.3
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.7
Benzodiazepines nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 5.2 5.2 5.3 4.5 3.8 3.3
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 8.7 7.3 7.3 5.6 5.3 4.1
Central Nervous System Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 10.9 11.1 11.3 10.2 9.5 7.7
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 20.2 19.2 19.4 17.6 17.2 15.4
TOBACCO PRODUCTS3 54.9 53.8 54.3 54.3 54.0 52.4 52.4 52.4 51.3 50.0 48.8 47.7 46.0 43.8 40.5 39.8 36.7 35.2 28.8
Cigarettes 49.0 47.6 47.5 47.2 47.0 45.2 45.1 45.3 43.2 42.3 41.0 39.5 37.7 35.0 31.7 31.0 27.9 25.8 21.6
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 9.0 8.0 7.7 7.1 7.7 6.0
Cigars 22.7 22.7 24.0 24.2 24.2 23.7 23.1 23.5 22.7 22.1 21.7 20.7 20.0 19.5 18.0 17.9 17.1 16.3 12.3
Pipe Tobacco3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
ALCOHOL 77.9 78.1 78.0 77.9 78.8 77.9 78.0 78.7 78.6 77.0 77.4 76.8 76.5 75.5 74.4 74.0 73.1 72.0 69.5
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
GENERAL SUBSTANCES                                      
Illicit Drugs, Tobacco Products, or Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 81.5 79.9 79.9 78.5 77.9 74.0
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 78.2 77.0 77.0 76.1 75.2 72.3
Tobacco Products or Alcohol3 82.4 82.7 82.8 82.6 83.2 82.4 82.8 82.9 83.1 82.0 81.8 81.3 80.8 80.0 78.6 78.2 76.7 75.9 72.2
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and later years.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. The estimate for tobacco product use in the past year excludes past year pipe tobacco use, but includes past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.12A – Types of Illicit Drug, Tobacco Product, and Alcohol Use in Past Month: Among People Aged 18 to 25; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 7,797 8,012 8,302 8,130 8,406 8,016
Marijuana 5,376 5,400 5,196 5,388 5,337 5,392 5,459 6,128 6,313 6,526 6,485 6,636 6,836 6,921 7,184 7,591 7,528 7,749 7,727
Cocaine 631 696 692 832 730 572 515 466 503 464 398 398 473 580 552 665 524 540 424
Crack 52 55 80 104 72 56 54 40 72 20 38 36 29 39 15 24 28 18 35
Heroin 39 25 43 59 55 49 76 67 90 107 138 92 82 88 88 102 61 38 26
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 636 668 594 580 625 645
LSD 36 67 83 60 58 69 98 97 105 92 118 105 118 219 209 283 237 260 273
PCP 15 30 17 11 14 15 4 5 6 12 12 4 5 2 * * * 8 *
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 307 303 245 245 214 187
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 126 121 168 128 157 160
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 128 65 151 90 110 74
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,766 1,600 1,554 1,261 1,145 764
Pain Relievers1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 829 631 634 475 420 288
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 757 767 715 587 587 267
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 621 571 575 422 365 371
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 582 536 552 395 337 357
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 86 50 52 43 44 78
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 880 688 695 508 439 296
Central Nervous System Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,290 1,241 1,349 1,056 1,127 682
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2,645 2,440 2,432 2,053 2,059 1,600
TOBACCO PRODUCTS 14,049 14,201 14,359 14,382 14,396 13,700 13,638 13,986 13,934 13,532 13,167 12,882 12,244 11,516 10,359 9,972 8,792 8,203 6,434
Cigarettes 12,650 12,764 12,731 12,667 12,595 11,845 11,774 12,038 11,702 11,488 11,008 10,657 9,905 9,330 8,120 7,653 6,514 5,917 4,661
Daily Cigarettes 6,549 6,726 6,574 6,349 6,149 5,829 5,623 5,458 5,358 5,207 4,967 4,591 4,263 3,923 3,237 2,939 2,438 2,097 1,542
Smokeless Tobacco nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,893 1,807 1,631 1,494 1,660 1,313
Cigars 3,417 3,623 4,103 3,895 3,972 3,887 3,770 3,871 3,858 3,724 3,716 3,472 3,392 3,106 3,048 3,137 2,920 2,610 1,973
Pipe Tobacco 332 292 396 471 430 395 461 592 619 635 625 758 666 612 573 563 597 418 393
ALCOHOL 18,759 19,466 19,474 19,783 20,298 20,049 20,125 20,752 20,917 20,814 20,828 20,738 20,815 20,367 19,754 19,330 18,757 18,323 17,260
Binge Alcohol Use3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 13,626 13,258 12,652 11,876 11,559 10,504
Heavy Alcohol Use nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 3,803 3,500 3,307 3,074 2,844 2,874
GENERAL SUBSTANCES                                      
Illicit Drugs, Tobacco Products, or Alcohol nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 23,690 23,080 22,578 21,933 21,593 20,003
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 21,612 21,271 20,885 20,401 20,169 19,047
Tobacco Products or Alcohol 21,801 22,444 22,596 22,771 23,256 22,881 22,945 23,635 23,902 23,870 23,852 23,602 23,629 23,158 22,331 21,868 21,041 20,505 18,958
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and later years.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.12B – Types of Illicit Drug, Tobacco Product, and Alcohol Use in Past Month: Among People Aged 18 to 25; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 22.3 23.2 24.2 23.9 24.9 23.9
Marijuana 17.3 17.0 16.1 16.6 16.3 16.5 16.6 18.2 18.5 19.0 18.7 19.1 19.6 19.8 20.8 22.1 22.1 23.0 23.1
Cocaine 2.0 2.2 2.1 2.6 2.2 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.1 1.1 1.4 1.7 1.6 1.9 1.5 1.6 1.3
Crack 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Heroin 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.9 1.9
LSD 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8
PCP 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * * * 0.0 *
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 5.1 4.6 4.5 3.7 3.4 2.3
Pain Relievers1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2.4 1.8 1.8 1.4 1.2 0.9
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2.2 2.2 2.1 1.7 1.7 0.8
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.2 1.1 1.1
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.2 1.0 1.1
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2.5 2.0 2.0 1.5 1.3 0.9
Central Nervous System Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 3.7 3.6 3.9 3.1 3.3 2.0
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 7.6 7.1 7.1 6.0 6.1 4.8
TOBACCO PRODUCTS 45.3 44.8 44.6 44.3 44.0 41.9 41.4 41.6 40.9 39.5 38.1 37.0 35.0 33.0 30.0 29.1 25.8 24.3 19.2
Cigarettes 40.8 40.2 39.5 39.0 38.5 36.2 35.7 35.8 34.3 33.5 31.8 30.6 28.4 26.7 23.5 22.3 19.1 17.5 13.9
Daily Cigarettes 21.1 21.2 20.4 19.5 18.8 17.8 17.1 16.3 15.7 15.2 14.4 13.2 12.2 11.2 9.4 8.6 7.2 6.2 4.6
Smokeless Tobacco nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 5.4 5.2 4.8 4.4 4.9 3.9
Cigars 11.0 11.4 12.7 12.0 12.1 11.9 11.4 11.5 11.3 10.9 10.7 10.0 9.7 8.9 8.8 9.1 8.6 7.7 5.9
Pipe Tobacco 1.1 0.9 1.2 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.8 2.2 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.8 1.2 1.2
ALCOHOL 60.5 61.4 60.5 60.9 62.0 61.3 61.1 61.8 61.4 60.7 60.2 59.6 59.6 58.3 57.1 56.3 55.1 54.3 51.5
Binge Alcohol Use3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 39.0 38.4 36.9 34.9 34.3 31.4
Heavy Alcohol Use nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 10.9 10.1 9.6 9.0 8.4 8.6
GENERAL SUBSTANCES                                      
Illicit Drugs, Tobacco Products, or Alcohol nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 67.9 66.8 65.8 64.4 64.0 59.7
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 61.9 61.5 60.9 59.9 59.8 56.9
Tobacco Products or Alcohol 70.3 70.7 70.2 70.1 71.0 69.9 69.7 70.4 70.2 69.6 69.0 67.9 67.6 66.3 64.6 63.7 61.8 60.8 56.6
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and later years.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.13A – Types of Illicit Drug, Tobacco Product, and Alcohol Use in Lifetime: Among People Aged 26 or Older; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 104,230 105,422 109,192 109,917 113,104 115,435
Marijuana 73,162 74,620 75,001 76,111 76,213 79,988 82,001 83,070 84,927 85,668 88,955 92,568 94,732 95,561 96,950 101,050 102,600 105,742 106,797
Cocaine 28,453 29,488 28,649 28,185 29,593 30,477 31,671 31,339 32,430 32,332 33,156 33,378 35,097 34,462 34,767 36,256 36,150 37,483 36,091
Crack 7,057 6,599 6,580 6,675 7,254 7,524 7,458 7,368 8,262 7,433 8,327 8,284 8,843 8,491 8,372 9,133 8,823 9,016 9,107
Heroin 3,087 3,148 2,538 2,979 3,214 3,253 3,262 3,036 3,483 3,499 3,841 4,155 4,095 4,448 4,411 4,661 4,633 5,287 6,024
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 33,669 34,876 35,513 37,093 37,876 38,117
LSD 18,917 19,577 19,185 18,728 20,213 20,137 21,166 21,138 20,950 20,716 21,430 22,303 22,293 22,304 22,689 22,581 23,675 23,769 24,521
PCP 6,352 5,955 5,851 5,705 5,865 5,533 6,032 5,692 5,731 5,676 6,112 6,090 6,023 5,995 6,178 5,792 5,839 5,226 5,967
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 13,411 14,154 14,811 16,155 16,372 17,348
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 20,031 18,952 19,801 19,605 19,790 21,493
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 13,305 13,628 13,612 13,954 15,034 14,811
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Pain Relievers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Central Nervous System Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
TOBACCO PRODUCTS 139,299 140,489 139,921 140,926 142,814 142,377 144,028 144,054 144,860 144,804 145,374 147,688 148,534 145,297 145,121 146,918 146,277 146,833 142,392
Cigarettes 132,212 133,221 132,360 133,203 134,578 134,638 135,686 135,690 136,729 136,096 136,125 138,095 138,658 134,606 134,333 135,776 134,473 134,296 130,829
Daily Cigarettes 81,675 81,485 80,489 80,931 82,343 82,993 83,247 80,999 82,625 80,554 83,532 83,078 82,807 80,855 80,781 78,946 77,923 78,292 79,569
Smokeless Tobacco nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 35,324 35,835 36,487 35,825 35,964 32,370
Cigars 69,872 69,992 69,453 70,652 71,049 71,345 72,853 73,240 72,079 72,290 72,716 73,668 74,112 73,291 71,728 73,301 74,084 74,212 72,270
Pipe Tobacco 36,821 36,983 36,138 35,135 35,094 32,363 33,248 31,668 30,563 30,627 30,563 30,058 29,666 29,636 29,439 29,602 29,616 28,506 24,856
ALCOHOL 157,816 159,198 159,872 163,525 164,830 166,091 167,615 170,280 171,453 174,236 176,751 176,977 181,265 181,011 181,326 185,492 187,558 187,695 189,283
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
GENERAL SUBSTANCES                                      
Illicit Drugs, Tobacco Products, or Alcohol1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 188,700 189,208 193,368 194,896 195,470 196,548
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 183,351 183,978 188,173 189,798 190,459 191,926
Tobacco Products or Alcohol 165,385 166,320 167,620 170,745 172,713 173,356 175,174 176,962 178,885 180,768 183,390 185,218 187,958 187,670 188,123 192,310 193,984 194,306 195,242
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Illicit Drug Use in Lifetime includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics even though those estimates are not reported due to potential underreporting in lifetime prescription psychotherapeutics estimates.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.13B – Types of Illicit Drug, Tobacco Product, and Alcohol Use in Lifetime: Among People Aged 26 or Older; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 50.1 50.2 51.3 51.2 52.2 52.8
Marijuana 40.8 41.2 41.0 41.1 40.6 42.1 42.7 42.9 43.5 43.2 44.4 45.7 46.1 46.0 46.2 47.5 47.8 48.8 48.9
Cocaine 15.9 16.3 15.6 15.2 15.7 16.1 16.5 16.2 16.6 16.3 16.5 16.5 17.1 16.6 16.6 17.0 16.8 17.3 16.5
Crack 3.9 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.9 4.0 3.9 3.8 4.2 3.7 4.2 4.1 4.3 4.1 4.0 4.3 4.1 4.2 4.2
Heroin 1.7 1.7 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.8
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 16.2 16.6 16.7 17.3 17.5 17.5
LSD 10.5 10.8 10.5 10.1 10.8 10.6 11.0 10.9 10.7 10.4 10.7 11.0 10.9 10.7 10.8 10.6 11.0 11.0 11.2
PCP 3.5 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.1 2.9 3.1 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.4 2.7
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 6.5 6.7 7.0 7.5 7.6 7.9
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 9.6 9.0 9.3 9.1 9.1 9.8
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 6.4 6.5 6.4 6.5 6.9 6.8
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Pain Relievers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Central Nervous System Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
TOBACCO PRODUCTS 77.7 77.6 76.4 76.0 76.0 75.0 75.0 74.4 74.2 73.0 72.5 72.9 72.3 69.9 69.1 69.0 68.1 67.8 65.2
Cigarettes 73.7 73.6 72.3 71.9 71.6 70.9 70.7 70.1 70.0 68.6 67.9 68.1 67.5 64.7 64.0 63.8 62.6 62.0 59.9
Daily Cigarettes 45.5 45.0 44.0 43.7 43.8 43.7 43.4 41.8 42.3 40.6 41.7 41.0 40.3 38.9 38.5 37.1 36.3 36.1 36.4
Smokeless Tobacco nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 17.0 17.1 17.1 16.7 16.6 14.8
Cigars 39.0 38.7 37.9 38.1 37.8 37.6 37.9 37.8 36.9 36.5 36.3 36.3 36.1 35.3 34.2 34.4 34.5 34.3 33.1
Pipe Tobacco 20.5 20.4 19.7 19.0 18.7 17.0 17.3 16.4 15.7 15.4 15.2 14.8 14.4 14.3 14.0 13.9 13.8 13.2 11.4
ALCOHOL 88.0 88.0 87.3 88.2 87.7 87.5 87.3 87.9 87.8 87.9 88.1 87.3 88.3 87.1 86.4 87.1 87.3 86.7 86.7
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
GENERAL SUBSTANCES                                      
Illicit Drugs, Tobacco Products, or Alcohol1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 90.8 90.1 90.8 90.7 90.3 90.0
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 88.2 87.6 88.4 88.4 87.9 87.9
Tobacco Products or Alcohol 92.2 91.9 91.5 92.1 91.9 91.3 91.2 91.4 91.6 91.1 91.5 91.4 91.5 90.3 89.6 90.3 90.3 89.7 89.4
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Illicit Drug Use in Lifetime includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics even though those estimates are not reported due to potential underreporting in lifetime prescription psychotherapeutics estimates.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.14A – Types of Illicit Drug, Tobacco Product, and Alcohol Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 26 or Older; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 30,281 31,525 34,203 35,863 39,731 43,443
Marijuana 12,612 12,441 12,833 12,880 12,889 12,970 13,479 14,983 15,672 15,632 17,263 18,606 20,707 21,660 23,187 25,885 28,548 33,007 35,537
Cocaine 3,307 3,372 3,114 2,852 3,400 3,275 3,133 2,773 2,700 2,065 2,890 2,508 2,782 2,799 3,017 3,688 3,451 3,582 3,646
Crack 1,188 1,036 978 1,000 1,111 1,138 862 807 686 490 762 526 627 718 781 806 666 706 606
Heroin 231 182 232 184 376 207 265 364 382 336 366 406 618 591 708 658 641 658 840
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,716 2,059 2,207 2,887 3,146 4,317
LSD 131 73 117 91 181 120 115 124 197 135 283 253 275 305 531 674 928 989 1,164
PCP 31 13 38 22 52 26 * 42 24 17 67 35 21 54 69 46 45 22 31
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 937 1,084 1,103 1,324 1,306 1,692
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 588 620 623 846 822 1,200
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,344 1,095 1,210 1,551 1,682 2,358
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 12,148 12,327 11,888 11,484 11,374 12,192
Pain Relievers1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 8,513 8,181 7,850 7,395 7,404 7,498
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2,223 2,643 2,841 2,524 2,548 3,188
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 4,530 4,552 4,302 4,317 4,050 4,742
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 3,782 3,781 3,605 3,753 3,516 4,156
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,143 1,176 1,079 827 841 954
Benzodiazepines nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 3,368 3,489 3,403 3,513 3,194 3,526
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 8,683 8,417 8,138 7,656 7,723 7,717
Central Nervous System Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 5,431 5,664 6,452 6,102 6,433 7,393
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 15,240 15,370 15,800 15,416 15,936 17,286
TOBACCO PRODUCTS3 61,864 60,708 60,023 61,957 63,044 62,852 62,555 61,115 61,482 60,497 62,138 60,788 61,896 60,121 60,131 58,645 58,606 58,032 53,371
Cigarettes 51,060 50,004 49,974 51,098 51,965 51,958 51,502 50,325 50,406 49,323 50,659 49,945 50,491 47,612 48,510 46,196 46,577 45,498 42,752
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 8,492 8,299 8,303 7,909 8,271 6,844
Cigars 16,382 15,702 15,681 16,567 16,544 16,519 16,554 16,470 16,444 15,472 16,443 16,296 15,333 16,313 15,454 16,167 16,205 15,834 14,898
Pipe Tobacco3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
ALCOHOL 122,759 121,200 123,022 127,869 128,257 129,435 131,548 134,183 134,616 137,053 140,240 141,126 143,864 143,840 143,520 147,887 149,221 149,591 149,799
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
GENERAL SUBSTANCES                                      
Illicit Drugs, Tobacco Products, or Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 158,172 157,919 161,981 163,596 164,135 163,976
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 147,928 147,613 152,242 153,334 154,828 155,993
Tobacco Products or Alcohol3 135,093 133,922 134,681 140,642 140,973 141,755 143,947 145,567 146,955 148,785 152,124 153,101 156,279 156,209 155,897 159,924 161,788 161,832 160,799
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and later years.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. The estimate for tobacco product use in the past year excludes past year pipe tobacco use, but includes past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.14B – Types of Illicit Drug, Tobacco Product, and Alcohol Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 26 or Older; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 14.6 15.0 16.1 16.7 18.3 19.9
Marijuana 7.0 6.9 7.0 6.9 6.9 6.8 7.0 7.7 8.0 7.9 8.6 9.2 10.1 10.4 11.0 12.2 13.3 15.2 16.3
Cocaine 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.0 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.7
Crack 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3
Heroin 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.5 2.0
LSD 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5
PCP 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.8
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.1
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 5.8 5.9 5.6 5.3 5.3 5.6
Pain Relievers1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 4.1 3.9 3.7 3.4 3.4 3.4
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.5
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2.2 2.2 2.0 2.0 1.9 2.2
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.9
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4
Benzodiazepines nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 4.2 4.0 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.5
Central Nervous System Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2.6 2.7 3.0 2.8 3.0 3.4
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.2 7.4 7.9
TOBACCO PRODUCTS3 34.5 33.5 32.8 33.4 33.6 33.1 32.6 31.6 31.5 30.5 31.0 30.0 30.1 28.9 28.6 27.6 27.3 26.8 24.4
Cigarettes 28.5 27.6 27.3 27.6 27.7 27.4 26.8 26.0 25.8 24.9 25.3 24.6 24.6 22.9 23.1 21.7 21.7 21.0 19.6
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 4.1 4.0 3.9 3.7 3.8 3.1
Cigars 9.1 8.7 8.6 8.9 8.8 8.7 8.6 8.5 8.4 7.8 8.2 8.0 7.5 7.8 7.4 7.6 7.5 7.3 6.8
Pipe Tobacco3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
ALCOHOL 68.4 67.0 67.2 69.0 68.3 68.2 68.5 69.3 69.0 69.1 69.9 69.6 70.1 69.2 68.4 69.5 69.5 69.1 68.6
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
GENERAL SUBSTANCES                                      
Illicit Drugs, Tobacco Products, or Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 76.1 75.2 76.1 76.2 75.8 75.1
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 71.2 70.3 71.5 71.4 71.5 71.4
Tobacco Products or Alcohol3 75.3 74.0 73.6 75.9 75.0 74.7 75.0 75.2 75.3 75.0 75.9 75.5 76.1 75.1 74.2 75.1 75.3 74.7 73.6
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and later years.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. The estimate for tobacco product use in the past year excludes past year pipe tobacco use, but includes past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.15A – Types of Illicit Drug, Tobacco Product, and Alcohol Use in Past Month: Among People Aged 26 or Older; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 17,090 18,593 20,208 21,788 25,231 27,614
Marijuana 7,185 7,267 7,471 7,508 7,818 7,385 8,142 8,885 9,294 9,578 10,571 11,412 13,521 13,552 15,188 16,792 18,481 22,020 23,585
Cocaine 1,243 1,431 1,204 1,423 1,586 1,400 1,252 1,106 909 838 1,222 1,108 1,018 1,243 1,295 1,476 1,414 1,425 1,396
Crack 488 517 370 553 619 538 302 448 303 205 405 338 317 354 414 448 408 355 298
Heroin 116 76 108 62 268 109 124 112 141 159 197 185 337 236 383 390 285 392 488
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 482 608 701 911 1,138 1,036
LSD 15 15 20 12 41 45 * 27 * 26 39 72 104 80 123 176 166 252 349
PCP 20 * 21 20 * 19 * 36 24 * 16 22 * 15 15 31 30 * 24
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 217 286 301 391 409 472
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 226 329 235 300 434 637
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 757 594 607 894 1,051 1,641
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 4,107 4,218 4,038 3,851 3,863 4,344
Pain Relievers1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2,670 2,480 2,391 2,216 2,234 2,152
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 779 876 1,002 963 856 1,154
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,389 1,616 1,240 1,289 1,472 1,799
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,130 1,296 1,047 1,159 1,332 1,509
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 340 425 281 191 231 402
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2,806 2,720 2,638 2,366 2,497 2,493
Central Nervous System Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2,472 2,510 2,787 2,913 2,976 3,714
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 5,878 6,077 6,117 6,217 6,676 7,400
TOBACCO PRODUCTS 53,683 52,946 52,263 53,813 55,200 54,232 54,446 52,946 53,117 52,203 54,178 52,046 52,913 50,952 51,746 49,885 48,931 48,924 44,662
Cigarettes 45,278 44,626 44,166 45,133 46,331 45,843 45,777 44,469 44,593 43,392 44,882 43,724 44,123 41,582 42,358 40,252 39,770 39,396 36,389
Daily Cigarettes 31,168 30,359 29,942 31,079 31,481 30,414 30,655 29,865 28,901 28,841 29,610 28,385 27,916 26,059 26,336 24,751 24,792 24,624 23,307
Smokeless Tobacco nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 6,731 6,609 6,608 6,200 6,608 5,562
Cigars 8,217 8,099 8,423 8,681 8,680 8,340 8,504 8,484 8,627 8,283 9,055 8,389 8,051 8,885 8,764 8,916 8,879 8,734 8,412
Pipe Tobacco 1,347 1,166 1,261 1,561 1,717 1,467 1,246 1,280 1,381 1,320 1,740 1,353 1,402 1,571 1,568 1,658 1,415 1,409 1,358
ALCOHOL 96,696 95,073 97,023 102,054 100,835 102,777 105,089 106,242 107,138 109,245 111,457 113,253 115,990 115,563 114,692 118,794 118,844 119,058 119,201
Binge Alcohol Use3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 51,623 50,855 52,674 54,015 53,073 50,032
Heavy Alcohol Use nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 13,302 12,598 13,236 13,363 12,991 14,718
GENERAL SUBSTANCES                                      
Illicit Drugs, Tobacco Products, or Alcohol nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 135,534 135,394 138,899 139,351 140,012 139,461
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 119,652 119,220 123,482 123,807 125,391 126,546
Tobacco Products or Alcohol 115,654 114,389 114,794 120,260 120,567 121,633 123,515 124,188 126,046 127,086 130,579 131,734 134,516 133,922 133,426 136,875 137,215 137,151 136,372
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and later years.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.15B – Types of Illicit Drug, Tobacco Product, and Alcohol Use in Past Month: Among People Aged 26 or Older; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 8.2 8.9 9.5 10.1 11.6 12.6
Marijuana 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.2 3.9 4.2 4.6 4.8 4.8 5.3 5.6 6.6 6.5 7.2 7.9 8.6 10.2 10.8
Cocaine 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6
Crack 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1
Heroin 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5
LSD 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2
PCP 0.0 * 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 * 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * 0.0
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.8
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.8 2.0
Pain Relievers1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.1
Central Nervous System Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.7
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.1 3.4
TOBACCO PRODUCTS 29.9 29.3 28.5 29.0 29.4 28.6 28.4 27.3 27.2 26.3 27.0 25.7 25.8 24.5 24.6 23.4 22.8 22.6 20.4
Cigarettes 25.2 24.7 24.1 24.3 24.7 24.1 23.8 23.0 22.8 21.9 22.4 21.6 21.5 20.0 20.2 18.9 18.5 18.2 16.7
Daily Cigarettes 17.4 16.8 16.4 16.8 16.8 16.0 16.0 15.4 14.8 14.5 14.8 14.0 13.6 12.5 12.5 11.6 11.5 11.4 10.7
Smokeless Tobacco nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 3.2 3.1 3.1 2.9 3.1 2.5
Cigars 4.6 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.6 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.2 4.5 4.1 3.9 4.3 4.2 4.2 4.1 4.0 3.9
Pipe Tobacco 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6
ALCOHOL 53.9 52.5 53.0 55.1 53.7 54.1 54.7 54.9 54.9 55.1 55.6 55.9 56.5 55.6 54.6 55.8 55.3 55.0 54.6
Binge Alcohol Use3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 24.8 24.2 24.7 25.1 24.5 22.9
Heavy Alcohol Use nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 6.4 6.0 6.2 6.2 6.0 6.7
GENERAL SUBSTANCES                                      
Illicit Drugs, Tobacco Products, or Alcohol nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 65.2 64.5 65.3 64.9 64.6 63.8
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 57.6 56.8 58.0 57.6 57.9 57.9
Tobacco Products or Alcohol 64.5 63.2 62.7 64.9 64.2 64.1 64.3 64.1 64.6 64.1 65.1 65.0 65.5 64.4 63.5 64.3 63.9 63.3 62.4
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and later years.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.16A – Alcohol Use in Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month: Among People Aged 12 to 20; by Gender, Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Gender/Alcohol Use 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
TOTAL                                      
Lifetime 20,911 20,936 20,709 20,671 20,584 20,380 19,929 20,145 19,196 18,669 17,917 17,251 16,749 16,028 15,408 15,526 15,120 15,099 12,966
Past Year 17,492 17,554 17,568 17,729 17,605 17,366 16,904 17,081 16,434 15,938 15,372 14,692 14,305 13,602 13,055 13,184 12,819 12,765 11,114
Past Month 10,713 10,876 10,838 10,819 10,831 10,750 10,083 10,392 9,934 9,654 9,294 8,651 8,661 7,701 7,268 7,440 7,146 7,046 6,033
Binge Alcohol Use1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 5,059 4,541 4,515 4,322 4,222 3,433
Heavy Alcohol Use nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,260 1,069 932 861 825 669
MALE                                      
Lifetime 10,719 10,537 10,624 10,500 10,644 10,471 10,180 10,576 10,048 9,484 9,114 8,791 8,334 8,189 7,646 7,772 7,620 7,395 6,280
Past Year 8,847 8,735 8,946 8,927 9,056 8,903 8,520 8,949 8,638 8,004 7,821 7,425 7,041 6,806 6,317 6,591 6,368 6,074 5,352
Past Month 5,619 5,720 5,723 5,658 5,749 5,618 5,290 5,591 5,517 5,002 4,813 4,482 4,424 3,859 3,596 3,831 3,560 3,344 2,991
Binge Alcohol Use1 4,140 4,162 4,271 4,175 4,193 4,172 3,765 4,046 3,856 3,416 3,229 3,094 2,999 2,615 2,232 2,338 2,218 2,026 1,689
Heavy Alcohol Use 1,544 1,506 1,582 1,492 1,559 1,537 1,370 1,374 1,307 1,088 1,017 908 829 707 586 515 517 403 386
FEMALE                                      
Lifetime 10,192 10,399 10,085 10,171 9,940 9,909 9,750 9,570 9,148 9,185 8,803 8,459 8,415 7,839 7,762 7,754 7,500 7,704 6,687
Past Year 8,645 8,819 8,622 8,802 8,549 8,463 8,384 8,132 7,797 7,934 7,551 7,267 7,263 6,795 6,738 6,593 6,451 6,691 5,762
Past Month 5,094 5,156 5,115 5,160 5,082 5,132 4,793 4,801 4,417 4,652 4,481 4,170 4,236 3,842 3,672 3,609 3,586 3,702 3,042
Binge Alcohol Use1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2,444 2,309 2,176 2,104 2,195 1,744
Heavy Alcohol Use nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 554 483 417 344 423 282
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.16B – Alcohol Use in Lifetime, Past Year, and Past Month: Among People Aged 12 to 20; by Gender, Percentages, 2002-2020
Gender/Alcohol Use 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
TOTAL                                      
Lifetime 56.2 55.8 54.9 53.9 53.9 53.0 52.3 52.7 50.5 48.5 46.9 45.3 44.1 42.3 41.0 41.0 39.8 39.7 34.6
Past Year 47.0 46.8 46.6 46.3 46.1 45.2 44.4 44.7 43.3 41.4 40.2 38.6 37.7 35.9 34.7 34.9 33.8 33.5 29.7
Past Month 28.8 29.0 28.7 28.2 28.4 28.0 26.5 27.2 26.2 25.1 24.3 22.7 22.8 20.3 19.3 19.7 18.8 18.5 16.1
Binge Alcohol Use1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 13.4 12.1 11.9 11.4 11.1 9.2
Heavy Alcohol Use nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 3.3 2.8 2.5 2.3 2.2 1.8
MALE                                      
Lifetime 56.5 55.0 54.9 53.7 54.1 53.1 52.1 53.8 51.3 48.5 46.7 45.0 42.9 42.1 39.5 39.9 38.9 38.1 32.7
Past Year 46.6 45.6 46.3 45.6 46.0 45.2 43.6 45.6 44.1 40.9 40.1 38.0 36.2 35.0 32.6 33.8 32.5 31.3 27.9
Past Month 29.6 29.9 29.6 28.9 29.2 28.5 27.1 28.5 28.1 25.6 24.7 23.0 22.8 19.8 18.6 19.7 18.2 17.2 15.6
Binge Alcohol Use1 21.8 21.7 22.1 21.3 21.3 21.2 19.3 20.6 19.7 17.5 16.5 15.8 15.4 13.4 11.5 12.0 11.3 10.4 8.8
Heavy Alcohol Use 8.1 7.9 8.2 7.6 7.9 7.8 7.0 7.0 6.7 5.6 5.2 4.6 4.3 3.6 3.0 2.6 2.6 2.1 2.0
FEMALE                                      
Lifetime 56.0 56.6 54.8 54.2 53.8 52.9 52.5 51.4 49.8 48.5 47.1 45.6 45.4 42.5 42.5 42.3 40.8 41.3 36.7
Past Year 47.5 48.0 46.9 46.9 46.2 45.2 45.2 43.7 42.4 41.9 40.4 39.2 39.2 36.9 36.9 35.9 35.1 35.9 31.6
Past Month 28.0 28.1 27.8 27.5 27.5 27.4 25.8 25.8 24.0 24.6 24.0 22.5 22.9 20.8 20.1 19.7 19.5 19.9 16.7
Binge Alcohol Use1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 13.3 12.6 11.9 11.4 11.8 9.6
Heavy Alcohol Use nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 3.0 2.6 2.3 1.9 2.3 1.5
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.17B – Average Number of Days Used Specific Substances in Past Year: Among Past Year Users of Specific Substances Aged 12 or Older; Averages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Marijuana 96.3 98.0 99.1 101.8 99.7 101.8 106.0 104.0 111.7 112.6 116.8 115.8 120.6 119.8 121.9 124.1 124.7 129.0 134.4
Cocaine 42.2 37.9 43.1 48.7 49.0 43.4 41.8 36.4 34.9 32.8 41.8 39.2 33.4 36.4 34.7 37.1 34.2 35.4 36.5
Crack 64.6 61.7 72.8 71.1 62.3 69.2 60.7 66.2 67.3 64.4 67.9 93.6 73.3 74.0 81.2 79.1 79.2 72.6 74.7
Heroin 92.3 86.0 95.1 61.7 152.3 92.3 108.9 71.5 83.0 107.8 137.3 111.9 116.6 110.3 121.9 128.4 110.2 117.2 166.7
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 16.1 14.9 16.6 15.2 16.7 15.7
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 34.3 25.5 25.7 25.8 29.0 32.1
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 101.8 114.9 116.1 115.5 125.9 148.9
Alcohol 85.9 86.0 86.9 85.8 86.2 86.9 88.2 88.5 87.8 87.3 87.5 88.6 90.5 90.0 90.3 91.3 89.4 90.6 92.1
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.18B – Average Number of Days Used Specific Substances in Past Month: Among Past Month Users of Specific Substances Aged 12 or Older; Averages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Marijuana 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.7 12.6 12.9 12.9 13.1 14.0 13.8 14.1 14.3 14.5 14.4 14.3 14.5 15.0 15.1 15.9
Cocaine 5.4 4.9 6.8 5.9 6.6 6.0 5.9 5.6 5.4 4.3 6.3 6.0 5.4 5.4 5.1 5.0 4.8 5.5 4.4
Crack 7.4 7.5 10.8 7.4 8.2 8.4 9.4 7.7 8.8 6.9 9.8 9.8 9.0 8.4 9.3 8.1 7.8 9.6 8.6
Heroin 19.9 16.0 17.5 11.8 16.7 16.0 14.5 11.6 11.8 19.2 16.5 15.8 14.7 15.3 15.6 14.6 13.6 14.6 19.0
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2.7 2.5 2.7 2.9 2.4 3.5
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 4.4 4.1 4.3 4.4 4.3 6.2
Methamphetamine -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 11.6 14.0 14.9 13.8 14.3 16.6
Misuse of Prescription Pain Relievers1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 7.0 6.9 6.8 7.0 7.0 7.4
Misuse of Prescription Stimulants -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 4.7 4.7 5.3 5.0 5.0 5.8
Misuse of Prescription Tranquilizers -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 5.2 5.1 5.0 5.4 5.5 4.7
Misuse of Prescription Sedatives -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 5.7 7.2 6.9 5.4 7.6 6.2
Cigarettes 22.9 23.1 22.9 23.0 22.8 22.6 22.6 22.6 22.3 22.5 22.6 22.4 22.1 22.0 21.8 21.7 21.9 21.9 22.5
Smokeless Tobacco -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 19.8 19.6 19.7 20.0 19.2 18.7
Cigars 5.8 6.7 6.5 6.3 6.9 6.7 7.1 7.1 7.6 7.2 7.7 7.2 7.1 8.0 8.5 8.4 8.8 8.4 10.0
Alcohol 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.6 8.6 8.4 8.4 8.5 8.4 8.6 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.7
Binge Alcohol Use2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.1 4.9
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and 2016.
2 Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.19A – Daily or Almost Daily Use of Specific Substances in Past Year: Among All People Aged 12 or Older and among Past Year Users of Specific Substances Aged 12 or Older; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST YEAR
AMONG TOTAL POPULATION		                                      
Marijuana 3,129 3,090 3,240 3,376 3,116 3,556 3,871 4,070 4,603 4,979 5,354 5,729 6,508 6,532 6,971 8,123 8,657 10,079 11,192
Cocaine 121 84 139 192 186 154 81 51 69 44 113 151 66 91 74 126 146 108 58
Crack 48 19 91 90 35 77 19 25 26 19 21 67 46 60 24 68 40 30 38
Heroin 60 30 55 20 151 40 71 48 62 101 150 92 131 110 186 158 132 150 231
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 27 22 47 29 57 25
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 29 14 35 25 22 90
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 135 161 197 229 310 567
Alcohol 9,678 9,638 9,745 10,165 10,322 10,081 10,651 11,090 10,028 10,793 10,831 10,587 11,239 11,434 11,563 11,893 10,978 11,603 12,793
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST YEAR
AMONG PAST YEAR USERS		                                      
Marijuana 3,129 3,090 3,240 3,376 3,116 3,556 3,871 4,070 4,603 4,979 5,354 5,729 6,508 6,532 6,971 8,123 8,657 10,079 11,192
Cocaine 121 84 139 192 186 154 81 51 69 44 113 151 66 91 74 126 146 108 58
Crack 48 19 91 90 35 77 19 25 * * 21 * 46 60 24 * 40 30 *
Heroin * * * 20 * * * 48 62 101 * 92 131 110 186 158 132 150 *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 27 22 47 29 57 25
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 29 14 35 25 22 *
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 135 161 197 229 310 567
Alcohol 9,678 9,638 9,745 10,165 10,322 10,081 10,651 11,090 10,028 10,793 10,831 10,587 11,239 11,434 11,563 11,893 10,978 11,603 12,793
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.19B – Daily or Almost Daily Use of Specific Substances in Past Year: Among All People Aged 12 or Older and among Past Year Users of Specific Substances Aged 12 or Older; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST YEAR
AMONG TOTAL POPULATION		                                      
Marijuana 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.5 2.4 2.6 3.0 3.2 3.7 4.0
Cocaine 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0
Crack 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Heroin 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2
Alcohol 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.1 4.3 4.4 4.0 4.2 4.2 4.0 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.0 4.2 4.6
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST YEAR
AMONG PAST YEAR USERS		                                      
Marijuana 12.2 12.2 12.7 13.3 12.3 14.1 15.0 14.2 15.7 16.7 17.0 17.4 18.5 18.1 18.6 19.8 19.9 20.9 22.5
Cocaine 2.0 1.4 2.5 3.5 3.1 2.7 1.5 1.1 1.5 1.1 2.4 3.6 1.5 1.9 1.5 2.1 2.6 2.0 1.1
Crack 3.1 1.4 7.0 6.5 2.4 5.3 1.7 2.4 * * 2.3 * 5.9 7.2 2.7 * 5.2 3.8 *
Heroin * * * 5.2 * * * 8.2 10.0 16.3 * 13.5 14.3 13.3 19.6 17.9 16.3 20.1 *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.6 0.5 0.9 0.5 0.9 0.4
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.7 0.9 2.0 1.2 1.1 *
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 7.9 11.6 12.1 12.3 15.5 22.2
Alcohol 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.2 6.5 6.6 6.0 6.3 6.2 6.1 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.1 6.5 7.2
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.20A – Daily or Almost Daily Use of Specific Substances in Past Year: Among All People Aged 12 to 17 and among Past Year Users of Specific Substances Aged 12 to 17; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST YEAR
AMONG TOTAL POPULATION		                                      
Marijuana 358 282 342 268 288 260 276 291 337 301 277 299 257 258 253 250 244 283 226
Cocaine 10 10 4 7 3 7 5 3 2 2 * * * * 2 * 2 * *
Crack 4 * * 3 * 4 * * * 2 * * * * * * * * *
Heroin 2 2 3 * * * 1 3 * * * * 3 * 2 * * * *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * 3 * 3 * *
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 5 11 19 5 5 4
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * 2 3 2 * *
Alcohol 102 89 91 76 87 84 61 52 50 60 44 43 61 58 36 47 24 29 6
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST YEAR
AMONG PAST YEAR USERS		                                      
Marijuana 358 282 342 268 288 260 276 291 337 301 277 299 257 258 253 250 244 283 226
Cocaine 10 10 4 7 3 7 5 3 2 * 0 * * * * * * * *
Crack 4 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Heroin * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1 3 0 3 1 0
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 5 11 19 5 5 4
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * * * * * *
Alcohol 102 89 91 76 87 84 61 52 50 60 44 43 61 58 36 47 24 29 6
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.20B – Daily or Almost Daily Use of Specific Substances in Past Year: Among All People Aged 12 to 17 and among Past Year Users of Specific Substances Aged 12 to 17; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST YEAR
AMONG TOTAL POPULATION		                                      
Marijuana 1.4 1.1 1.4 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 0.9
Cocaine 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * * * * 0.0 * 0.0 * *
Crack 0.0 * * 0.0 * 0.0 * * * 0.0 * * * * * * * * *
Heroin 0.0 0.0 0.0 * * * 0.0 0.0 * * * * 0.0 * 0.0 * * * *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * 0.0 * 0.0 * *
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * 0.0 0.0 0.0 * *
Alcohol 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST YEAR
AMONG PAST YEAR USERS		                                      
Marijuana 9.2 7.5 9.4 7.9 8.6 8.2 8.5 8.7 9.9 8.5 8.2 8.9 7.9 8.2 8.5 8.1 7.8 8.6 8.9
Cocaine 1.9 2.2 1.1 1.6 0.8 1.8 1.5 1.1 0.7 * 0.1 * * * * * * * *
Crack 4.4 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Heroin * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.2 0.6 0.1 0.8 0.1 0.1
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.7 2.1 3.4 0.8 0.7 0.6
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * * * * * *
Alcohol 1.2 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.7 1.0 1.0 0.7 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.1
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.21A – Daily or Almost Daily Use of Specific Substances in Past Year: Among All People Aged 18 or Older and among Past Year Users of Specific Substances Aged 18 or Older; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST YEAR
AMONG TOTAL POPULATION		                                      
Marijuana 2,772 2,808 2,898 3,108 2,828 3,296 3,595 3,779 4,265 4,678 5,077 5,430 6,251 6,274 6,718 7,873 8,414 9,796 10,966
Cocaine 111 74 134 185 182 147 77 49 67 42 112 150 65 91 72 126 144 108 58
Crack 44 18 91 87 34 73 19 25 26 18 21 67 46 60 24 68 40 30 38
Heroin 58 28 53 19 151 40 69 44 62 101 150 91 127 110 183 158 132 150 231
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 26 19 47 25 56 25
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 25 * 16 20 17 86
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 135 159 194 228 310 567
Alcohol 9,577 9,549 9,654 10,089 10,235 9,997 10,590 11,039 9,978 10,733 10,787 10,544 11,178 11,375 11,527 11,846 10,954 11,574 12,787
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST YEAR
AMONG PAST YEAR USERS		                                      
Marijuana 2,772 2,808 2,898 3,108 2,828 3,296 3,595 3,779 4,265 4,678 5,077 5,430 6,251 6,274 6,718 7,873 8,414 9,796 10,966
Cocaine 111 74 134 185 182 147 77 49 67 42 112 150 65 91 72 126 144 108 58
Crack 44 18 91 87 34 73 19 25 * * 21 * 46 60 24 * 40 30 *
Heroin * * * 19 * * * 44 62 101 * 91 127 110 183 158 132 150 *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 26 19 47 25 56 25
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * 3 16 * 17 *
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 135 159 194 228 310 567
Alcohol 9,577 9,549 9,654 10,089 10,235 9,997 10,590 11,039 9,978 10,733 10,787 10,544 11,178 11,375 11,527 11,846 10,954 11,574 12,787
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.21B – Daily or Almost Daily Use of Specific Substances in Past Year: Among All People Aged 18 or Older and among Past Year Users of Specific Substances Aged 18 or Older; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST YEAR
AMONG TOTAL POPULATION		                                      
Marijuana 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.6 2.6 2.7 3.2 3.4 3.9 4.4
Cocaine 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0
Crack 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Heroin 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.0 * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2
Alcohol 4.6 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.5 4.7 4.9 4.4 4.6 4.6 4.4 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.8 4.4 4.6 5.1
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST YEAR
AMONG PAST YEAR USERS		                                      
Marijuana 12.7 13.1 13.3 14.1 12.8 15.0 15.9 14.9 16.5 17.9 18.0 18.3 19.6 19.1 19.4 20.8 20.8 21.8 23.3
Cocaine 2.1 1.4 2.6 3.6 3.2 2.7 1.5 1.1 1.6 1.2 2.5 3.7 1.5 2.0 1.5 2.2 2.7 2.0 1.1
Crack 3.0 1.4 7.4 6.5 2.4 5.3 1.7 2.5 * * 2.4 * 6.1 7.3 2.7 * 5.3 3.9 *
Heroin * * * 5.6 * * * 8.1 10.4 17.8 * 14.1 14.4 13.7 19.6 18.1 16.5 20.1 *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.6 0.4 1.0 0.5 1.0 0.4
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * 0.3 1.3 * 1.2 *
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 8.1 11.7 12.2 12.5 15.8 22.4
Alcohol 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.6 6.6 6.5 6.7 6.9 6.2 6.6 6.5 6.3 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.8 6.3 6.7 7.4
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.22A – Daily or Almost Daily Use of Specific Substances in Past Year: Among All People Aged 18 to 25 and among Past Year Users of Specific Substances Aged 18 to 25; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST YEAR
AMONG TOTAL POPULATION		                                      
Marijuana 1,336 1,375 1,379 1,519 1,487 1,479 1,656 1,691 1,863 1,825 2,157 2,166 2,224 2,353 2,218 2,618 2,483 2,540 2,623
Cocaine 17 24 20 31 28 22 14 23 7 9 20 6 8 19 10 28 5 22 20
Crack 3 4 9 5 7 8 5 3 3 * 4 * 3 7 * * * 11 *
Heroin 6 8 8 11 8 16 24 17 33 28 43 25 17 29 38 41 24 26 19
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 14 5 16 6 6 *
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * 2 7 2 * *
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 15 28 25 25 30 8
Alcohol 681 733 681 668 678 669 710 672 642 604 636 599 645 726 721 783 659 689 396
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST YEAR
AMONG PAST YEAR USERS		                                      
Marijuana 1,336 1,375 1,379 1,519 1,487 1,479 1,656 1,691 1,863 1,825 2,157 2,166 2,224 2,353 2,218 2,618 2,483 2,540 2,623
Cocaine 17 24 20 31 28 22 14 23 7 9 20 6 8 19 10 28 5 22 *
Crack 3 4 9 5 7 8 5 3 3 * * * * * * * * * *
Heroin * * * 11 * * 24 * 33 28 * 25 17 * 38 * * * *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 14 5 16 6 6 *
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * * * * 0 *
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 15 28 25 25 * *
Alcohol 681 733 681 668 678 669 710 672 642 604 636 599 645 726 721 783 659 689 396
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.22B – Daily or Almost Daily Use of Specific Substances in Past Year: Among All People Aged 18 to 25 and among Past Year Users of Specific Substances Aged 18 to 25; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST YEAR
AMONG TOTAL POPULATION		                                      
Marijuana 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.7 4.5 4.5 5.0 5.0 5.5 5.3 6.2 6.2 6.4 6.7 6.4 7.6 7.3 7.5 7.8
Cocaine 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1
Crack 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 * 0.0 0.0 * * * 0.0 *
Heroin 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 *
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * 0.0 0.0 0.0 * *
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0
Alcohol 2.2 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.8 2.1 2.1 2.3 1.9 2.0 1.2
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST YEAR
AMONG PAST YEAR USERS		                                      
Marijuana 14.5 15.2 15.4 16.7 16.2 16.4 18.1 16.3 18.2 17.3 19.8 19.7 19.9 20.9 19.5 21.9 21.0 21.3 22.7
Cocaine 0.8 1.1 0.9 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 1.3 0.4 0.6 1.3 0.4 0.5 1.0 0.5 1.3 0.3 1.2 *
Crack 1.2 1.4 3.3 1.5 2.5 3.4 2.3 1.6 1.4 * * * * * * * * * *
Heroin * * * 6.9 * * 16.2 * 15.6 12.2 * 10.3 6.4 * 16.8 * * * *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.6 0.2 0.7 0.3 0.3 *
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * * * * 0.1 *
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 4.5 10.7 6.7 9.2 * *
Alcohol 2.8 3.0 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.8 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.4 2.8 2.8 3.1 2.6 2.8 1.7
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.23A – Daily or Almost Daily Use of Specific Substances in Past Year: Among All People Aged 26 or Older and among Past Year Users of Specific Substances Aged 26 or Older; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST YEAR
AMONG TOTAL POPULATION		                                      
Marijuana 1,435 1,433 1,519 1,589 1,341 1,817 1,939 2,088 2,402 2,853 2,920 3,264 4,027 3,921 4,500 5,255 5,930 7,256 8,343
Cocaine 94 51 115 154 154 125 62 26 60 33 92 145 57 72 62 98 138 86 38
Crack 40 14 83 82 27 65 14 22 24 16 17 66 43 53 24 68 39 19 38
Heroin 52 20 45 * 143 24 45 27 29 73 107 66 110 81 145 117 107 123 212
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 13 14 31 19 50 25
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 25 * * 18 17 86
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 120 130 169 202 280 559
Alcohol 8,896 8,816 8,973 9,421 9,557 9,328 9,880 10,367 9,336 10,129 10,150 9,945 10,533 10,649 10,806 11,064 10,295 10,885 12,391
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST YEAR
AMONG PAST YEAR USERS		                                      
Marijuana 1,435 1,433 1,519 1,589 1,341 1,817 1,939 2,088 2,402 2,853 2,920 3,264 4,027 3,921 4,500 5,255 5,930 7,256 8,343
Cocaine 94 51 115 154 154 125 62 26 60 33 92 145 57 72 62 98 138 86 38
Crack 40 14 83 82 27 65 14 * * * * * 43 * 24 * 39 19 *
Heroin * * * * * * * * * * * * 110 81 145 117 107 * *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * 14 31 19 50 25
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * 1 * * * *
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 120 130 169 202 280 559
Alcohol 8,896 8,816 8,973 9,421 9,557 9,328 9,880 10,367 9,336 10,129 10,150 9,945 10,533 10,649 10,806 11,064 10,295 10,885 12,391
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.23B – Daily or Almost Daily Use of Specific Substances in Past Year: Among All People Aged 26 or Older and among Past Year Users of Specific Substances Aged 26 or Older; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST YEAR
AMONG TOTAL POPULATION		                                      
Marijuana 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.7 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.6 2.0 1.9 2.1 2.5 2.8 3.4 3.8
Cocaine 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0
Crack 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Heroin 0.0 0.0 0.0 * 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.0 * * 0.0 0.0 0.0
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3
Alcohol 5.0 4.9 4.9 5.1 5.1 4.9 5.1 5.4 4.8 5.1 5.1 4.9 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.2 4.8 5.0 5.7
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST YEAR
AMONG PAST YEAR USERS		                                      
Marijuana 11.4 11.5 11.8 12.3 10.4 14.0 14.4 13.9 15.3 18.3 16.9 17.5 19.4 18.1 19.4 20.3 20.8 22.0 23.5
Cocaine 2.8 1.5 3.7 5.4 4.5 3.8 2.0 0.9 2.2 1.6 3.2 5.8 2.1 2.6 2.0 2.6 4.0 2.4 1.0
Crack 3.4 1.4 8.5 8.2 2.4 5.7 1.6 * * * * * 6.9 * 3.0 * 5.9 2.7 *
Heroin * * * * * * * * * * * * 17.8 13.7 20.5 17.8 16.8 * *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * 0.7 1.4 0.7 1.6 0.6
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * 0.2 * * * *
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 8.9 11.9 13.9 13.1 16.7 23.7
Alcohol 7.2 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.2 7.5 7.7 6.9 7.4 7.2 7.0 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.5 6.9 7.3 8.3
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.24A – Daily or Almost Daily Use of Specific Substances in Past Year: Among All People Aged 12 to 20 and among Past Year Users of Specific Substances Aged 12 to 20; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST YEAR
AMONG TOTAL POPULATION		                                      
Marijuana 976 900 886 971 949 858 1,052 1,011 1,036 1,050 1,161 1,108 1,077 1,100 964 1,131 1,078 1,059 920
Cocaine 19 20 10 14 14 14 9 13 4 11 15 3 4 10 8 8 3 6 20
Crack 5 4 2 4 2 4 3 * 3 3 3 * * 4 * * * 4 *
Heroin 3 9 3 6 * 5 6 4 16 12 13 4 13 8 5 4 5 4 *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 4 3 3 5 * *
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 5 13 26 5 5 4
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 10 8 13 7 7 *
Alcohol 298 318 231 234 244 267 242 207 215 193 143 173 185 226 126 191 162 128 57
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST YEAR
AMONG PAST YEAR USERS		                                      
Marijuana 976 900 886 971 949 858 1,052 1,011 1,036 1,050 1,161 1,108 1,077 1,100 964 1,131 1,078 1,059 920
Cocaine 19 20 10 14 14 14 9 13 4 11 15 3 4 10 8 8 3 6 *
Crack 5 * * * 2 * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Heroin 3 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 4 3 3 5 1 0
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 5 13 26 5 5 4
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * * * * * *
Alcohol 298 318 231 234 244 267 242 207 215 193 143 173 185 226 126 191 162 128 57
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.24B – Daily or Almost Daily Use of Specific Substances in Past Year: Among All People Aged 12 to 20 and among Past Year Users of Specific Substances Aged 12 to 20; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST YEAR
AMONG TOTAL POPULATION		                                      
Marijuana 2.6 2.4 2.3 2.5 2.5 2.2 2.8 2.6 2.7 2.7 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.9 2.6 3.0 2.8 2.8 2.5
Cocaine 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1
Crack 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 0.0 0.0 * * 0.0 * * * 0.0 *
Heroin 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * *
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 *
Alcohol 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST YEAR
AMONG PAST YEAR USERS		                                      
Marijuana 12.1 11.4 11.5 13.0 12.8 12.0 14.3 12.8 13.1 12.7 14.4 14.1 13.9 14.6 13.0 15.1 14.0 13.8 14.5
Cocaine 1.4 1.6 0.8 1.1 1.0 1.2 0.9 1.5 0.5 1.3 1.9 0.6 0.7 1.3 1.0 1.1 0.4 1.1 *
Crack 2.7 * * * 0.9 * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Heroin 2.3 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.0
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.5 1.7 3.4 0.6 0.5 0.5
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * * * * * *
Alcohol 1.7 1.8 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.2 0.9 1.2 1.3 1.7 1.0 1.5 1.3 1.0 0.5
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.25A – Daily or Almost Daily Use of Specific Substances in Past Year: Among All People Aged 21 or Older and among Past Year Users of Specific Substances Aged 21 or Older; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST YEAR
AMONG TOTAL POPULATION		                                      
Marijuana 2,153 2,191 2,354 2,405 2,168 2,698 2,819 3,059 3,566 3,929 4,193 4,621 5,431 5,431 6,008 6,991 7,579 9,020 10,272
Cocaine 102 64 129 178 171 139 72 38 64 33 98 148 62 82 67 118 143 103 38
Crack 42 15 89 86 33 73 17 24 24 16 19 67 45 56 24 68 40 26 38
Heroin 57 22 53 14 149 35 65 43 46 89 138 89 117 103 181 154 127 146 231
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 23 19 44 23 56 25
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 25 * * 20 17 86
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 124 152 184 222 303 567
Alcohol 9,380 9,320 9,514 9,932 10,078 9,814 10,409 10,883 9,813 10,600 10,687 10,414 11,054 11,208 11,437 11,702 10,816 11,475 12,736
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST YEAR
AMONG PAST YEAR USERS		                                      
Marijuana 2,153 2,191 2,354 2,405 2,168 2,698 2,819 3,059 3,566 3,929 4,193 4,621 5,431 5,431 6,008 6,991 7,579 9,020 10,272
Cocaine 102 64 129 178 171 139 72 38 64 33 98 148 62 82 67 118 143 103 38
Crack 42 15 89 86 33 73 17 24 * * * * 45 56 24 * 40 26 *
Heroin * * * 14 * * * * 46 * * 89 117 103 181 154 127 146 *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 23 19 44 23 56 25
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * 1 9 * 17 *
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 124 152 184 222 303 567
Alcohol 9,380 9,320 9,514 9,932 10,078 9,814 10,409 10,883 9,813 10,600 10,687 10,414 11,054 11,208 11,437 11,702 10,816 11,475 12,736
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
210618
Table 7.25B – Daily or Almost Daily Use of Specific Substances in Past Year: Among All People Aged 21 or Older and among Past Year Users of Specific Substances Aged 21 or Older; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST YEAR
AMONG TOTAL POPULATION		                                      
Marijuana 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.4 2.4 2.6 3.0 3.2 3.8 4.3
Cocaine 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0
Crack 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Heroin 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.0 * * 0.0 0.0 0.0
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2
Alcohol 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.7 4.9 5.1 4.6 4.8 4.8 4.6 4.9 4.9 4.9 5.0 4.6 4.8 5.3
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST YEAR
AMONG PAST YEAR USERS		                                      
Marijuana 12.2 12.6 13.3 13.5 12.0 15.0 15.2 14.7 16.7 18.3 17.9 18.4 19.8 19.0 19.9 20.9 21.2 22.2 23.7
Cocaine 2.2 1.4 2.9 4.2 3.7 3.1 1.7 1.0 1.7 1.1 2.5 4.1 1.6 2.0 1.5 2.3 3.0 2.1 0.8
Crack 3.1 1.3 7.9 7.3 2.6 5.7 1.7 2.6 * * * * 6.3 7.0 2.8 * 5.5 3.5 *
Heroin * * * 5.2 * * * * 9.3 * * 14.9 14.4 13.6 20.5 18.4 16.7 20.0 *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.7 0.6 1.2 0.5 1.2 0.4
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * 0.1 0.9 * 1.5 *
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 7.9 12.0 12.4 12.9 16.1 22.8
Alcohol 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.9 7.0 6.7 7.0 7.2 6.5 6.9 6.8 6.5 6.8 6.9 7.1 7.1 6.5 6.9 7.6
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.26A – Daily or Almost Daily Use of Specific Substances in Past Month: Among All People Aged 12 or Older and among Past Month Users of Specific Substances Aged 12 or Older; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST MONTH
AMONG TOTAL POPULATION		                                      
Marijuana 4,756 4,894 4,880 5,089 5,104 5,099 5,454 6,181 6,935 7,074 7,601 8,144 9,240 9,240 9,995 10,829 11,966 13,830 15,058
Cocaine 113 133 263 209 343 176 168 157 178 69 129 185 116 113 187 137 125 175 81
Crack 42 76 118 75 121 99 66 90 55 20 73 95 58 52 96 59 53 95 52
Heroin 98 57 78 46 188 81 93 48 79 183 180 145 178 141 220 203 132 181 268
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 32 15 32 48 15 69
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 26 31 34 42 52 147
Methamphetamine -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 246 249 308 398 439 892
Misuse of Prescription Pain Relievers1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 431 348 362 369 346 332
Misuse of Prescription Stimulants -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 89 91 122 76 104 101
Misuse of Prescription Tranquilizers -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 114 120 91 104 127 108
Misuse of Prescription Sedatives -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 29 39 39 * 26 66
Cigarettes (Daily Only)2 38,738 37,989 37,343 38,131 38,331 36,901 36,788 35,834 34,718 34,488 34,936 33,247 32,471 30,190 29,701 27,787 27,328 26,796 24,874
Smokeless Tobacco -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 5,399 5,336 5,149 4,890 4,975 3,865
Cigars 1,339 1,732 1,648 1,623 1,868 1,699 1,874 1,972 2,147 1,811 2,153 1,898 1,725 2,259 2,401 2,337 2,410 2,288 2,700
Alcohol 19,745 19,053 19,487 20,200 19,893 20,051 21,173 21,896 20,357 20,632 21,544 21,262 22,593 21,422 20,962 21,852 21,678 21,376 23,356
Binge Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2,856 2,666 2,918 2,911 2,662 4,011
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST MONTH
AMONG PAST MONTH USERS		                                      
Marijuana 4,756 4,894 4,880 5,089 5,104 5,099 5,454 6,181 6,935 7,074 7,601 8,144 9,240 9,240 9,995 10,829 11,966 13,830 15,058
Cocaine 113 133 263 209 343 176 168 157 178 69 129 185 116 113 187 137 125 175 81
Crack 42 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Heroin * * * * * * * * * * * * 178 * * 203 * * *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 32 15 32 48 15 69
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 26 31 34 42 52 *
Methamphetamine -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 246 249 308 398 439 892
Misuse of Prescription Pain Relievers1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 431 348 362 369 346 332
Misuse of Prescription Stimulants -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 89 91 122 76 104 101
Misuse of Prescription Tranquilizers -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 114 120 91 104 127 108
Misuse of Prescription Sedatives -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- * * * * * *
Cigarettes (Daily Only)2 38,738 37,989 37,343 38,131 38,331 36,901 36,788 35,834 34,718 34,488 34,936 33,247 32,471 30,190 29,701 27,787 27,328 26,796 24,874
Smokeless Tobacco -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 5,399 5,336 5,149 4,890 4,975 3,865
Cigars 1,339 1,732 1,648 1,623 1,868 1,699 1,874 1,972 2,147 1,811 2,153 1,898 1,725 2,259 2,401 2,337 2,410 2,288 2,700
Alcohol 19,745 19,053 19,487 20,200 19,893 20,051 21,173 21,896 20,357 20,632 21,544 21,262 22,593 21,422 20,962 21,852 21,678 21,376 23,356
Binge Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2,856 2,666 2,918 2,911 2,662 4,011
SMOKED 1+ PACKS OF CIGARETTES PER DAY
AMONG DAILY CIGARETTE USERS4		 20,520 20,284 20,160 19,573 19,394 18,752 18,066 16,433 15,619 15,093 14,650 13,721 13,058 12,380 12,184 11,414 10,799 10,849 9,366
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and 2016.
2 Includes only respondents who smoked cigarettes on each of the past 30 days.
3 Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users.
4 Respondents with missing data for number of cigarettes smoked per day were excluded from the analysis.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.26B – Daily or Almost Daily Use of Specific Substances in Past Month: Among All People Aged 12 or Older and among Past Month Users of Specific Substances Aged 12 or Older; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST MONTH
AMONG TOTAL POPULATION		                                      
Marijuana 2.0 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.5 2.7 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.5 3.5 3.7 4.0 4.4 5.0 5.4
Cocaine 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0
Crack 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Heroin 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1
Methamphetamine -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3
Misuse of Prescription Pain Relievers1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Misuse of Prescription Stimulants -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Misuse of Prescription Tranquilizers -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Misuse of Prescription Sedatives -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.0 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 0.0
Cigarettes (Daily Only)2 16.5 16.0 15.5 15.7 15.6 14.9 14.7 14.2 13.7 13.4 13.4 12.7 12.2 11.3 11.0 10.2 10.0 9.7 9.0
Smokeless Tobacco -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.4
Cigars 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 1.0
Alcohol 8.4 8.0 8.1 8.3 8.1 8.1 8.5 8.7 8.0 8.0 8.3 8.1 8.5 8.0 7.8 8.0 7.9 7.8 8.4
Binge Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.4
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST MONTH
AMONG PAST MONTH USERS		                                      
Marijuana 32.6 33.4 33.5 34.8 34.4 35.2 35.7 36.7 39.8 39.1 40.3 41.1 41.6 41.6 41.7 41.7 43.3 43.8 45.9
Cocaine 5.6 5.8 13.0 8.7 14.2 8.5 9.0 9.6 12.1 5.1 7.8 11.9 7.6 6.0 10.0 6.3 6.4 8.8 4.4
Crack 7.4 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Heroin * * * * * * * * * * * * 40.9 * * 41.1 * * *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2.6 1.1 2.2 3.0 0.8 3.9
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 4.9 5.2 6.1 6.9 6.4 *
Methamphetamine -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 27.4 37.3 39.7 39.8 37.4 51.8
Misuse of Prescription Pain Relievers1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 11.4 10.4 11.2 12.9 12.3 13.1
Misuse of Prescription Stimulants -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 5.4 5.2 6.6 4.5 6.7 6.8
Misuse of Prescription Tranquilizers -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 6.1 6.2 5.3 6.4 7.1 5.7
Misuse of Prescription Sedatives -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- * * * * * *
Cigarettes (Daily Only)2 63.4 62.9 62.3 63.0 62.3 61.3 61.5 61.0 59.5 60.7 60.7 59.6 58.8 58.1 57.9 57.1 58.2 58.4 60.1
Smokeless Tobacco -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 60.0 60.9 60.0 61.3 58.4 55.0
Cigars 10.5 13.5 12.0 11.9 13.6 12.8 14.2 14.8 16.2 14.1 16.0 15.3 14.4 18.1 19.6 18.6 19.7 19.6 25.5
Alcohol 16.5 16.0 16.1 16.0 15.9 15.8 16.4 16.8 15.5 15.5 15.9 15.5 16.2 15.5 15.3 15.5 15.5 15.3 16.9
Binge Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 4.3 4.1 4.4 4.3 4.0 6.5
SMOKED 1+ PACKS OF CIGARETTES PER DAY
AMONG DAILY CIGARETTE USERS4		 53.1 53.5 54.0 51.4 50.6 50.9 49.2 45.9 45.1 43.8 42.0 41.3 40.3 41.1 41.1 41.2 39.6 40.5 37.8
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and 2016.
2 Includes only respondents who smoked cigarettes on each of the past 30 days.
3 Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users.
4 Respondents with missing data for number of cigarettes smoked per day were excluded from the analysis.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.27A – Daily or Almost Daily Use of Specific Substances in Past Month: Among All People Aged 12 to 17 and among Past Month Users of Specific Substances Aged 12 to 17; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST MONTH
AMONG TOTAL POPULATION		                                      
Marijuana 603 482 536 400 434 427 421 452 439 466 425 451 400 421 367 405 367 447 406
Cocaine 7 8 11 10 * 10 11 6 2 * 2 * 8 2 3 * 2 * *
Crack 6 6 3 * * 4 * 2 * * * * * * * * * * *
Heroin 4 3 6 * * * 2 2 * 12 * * 5 * * * 4 * *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2 3 2 3 * *
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 6 12 10 4 22 6
Methamphetamine -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- * 2 5 4 2 6
Misuse of Prescription Pain Relievers1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 7 8 10 * 3 *
Misuse of Prescription Stimulants -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 5 8 6 * 9 4
Misuse of Prescription Tranquilizers -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 12 6 7 10 2 *
Misuse of Prescription Sedatives -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- * * * * * *
Cigarettes (Daily Only)2 1,021 904 828 704 701 659 510 511 459 440 360 271 292 208 129 96 99 75 25
Smokeless Tobacco -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 114 112 86 79 66 29
Cigars 78 59 76 57 58 44 52 62 48 45 31 27 36 32 49 36 35 47 22
Alcohol 165 137 163 136 104 121 83 108 87 77 69 55 55 55 34 37 27 48 11
Binge Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 12 5 14 12 16 *
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST MONTH
AMONG PAST MONTH USERS		                                      
Marijuana 603 482 536 400 434 427 421 452 439 466 425 451 400 421 367 405 367 447 406
Cocaine 7 8 * 10 1 * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Crack * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Heroin * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * * * * * *
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * * * 4 22 *
Methamphetamine -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- * * * * * *
Misuse of Prescription Pain Relievers1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 7 8 10 1 * *
Misuse of Prescription Stimulants -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- * * * * * *
Misuse of Prescription Tranquilizers -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- * * * * * *
Misuse of Prescription Sedatives -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- * * * * * *
Cigarettes (Daily Only)2 1,021 904 828 704 701 659 510 511 459 440 360 271 292 208 129 96 99 75 *
Smokeless Tobacco -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 114 112 86 79 66 *
Cigars 78 59 76 57 58 44 52 62 48 45 31 27 36 32 49 36 35 47 *
Alcohol 165 137 163 136 104 121 83 108 87 77 69 55 55 55 34 37 27 48 11
Binge Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 12 5 14 12 16 *
SMOKED 1+ PACKS OF CIGARETTES PER DAY
AMONG DAILY CIGARETTE USERS4		 221 199 160 142 125 123 93 91 76 65 38 32 35 16 * * * * *
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and 2016.
2 Includes only respondents who smoked cigarettes on each of the past 30 days.
3 Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users.
4 Respondents with missing data for number of cigarettes smoked per day were excluded from the analysis.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.27B – Daily or Almost Daily Use of Specific Substances in Past Month: Among All People Aged 12 to 17 and among Past Month Users of Specific Substances Aged 12 to 17; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST MONTH
AMONG TOTAL POPULATION		                                      
Marijuana 2.4 1.9 2.1 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.8 1.6
Cocaine 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 * 0.0 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 * *
Crack 0.0 0.0 0.0 * * 0.0 * 0.0 * * * * * * * * * * *
Heroin 0.0 0.0 0.0 * * * 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 * * 0.0 * * * 0.0 * *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * *
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0
Methamphetamine -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Misuse of Prescription Pain Relievers1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.0 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 *
Misuse of Prescription Stimulants -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.0 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 0.0
Misuse of Prescription Tranquilizers -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 *
Misuse of Prescription Sedatives -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- * * * * * *
Cigarettes (Daily Only)2 4.1 3.6 3.3 2.8 2.8 2.6 2.0 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.4 1.1 1.2 0.8 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.1
Smokeless Tobacco -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.1
Cigars 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1
Alcohol 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0
Binge Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 *
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST MONTH
AMONG PAST MONTH USERS		                                      
Marijuana 29.8 24.4 28.1 23.1 25.6 25.2 25.3 24.9 24.4 23.7 23.6 25.6 21.8 24.0 22.8 25.1 22.1 24.3 27.6
Cocaine 4.6 5.3 * 6.9 0.9 * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Crack * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Heroin * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * * * * * *
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * * * 2.3 9.9 *
Methamphetamine -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- * * * * * *
Misuse of Prescription Pain Relievers1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 2.7 3.2 4.4 0.6 * *
Misuse of Prescription Stimulants -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- * * * * * *
Misuse of Prescription Tranquilizers -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- * * * * * *
Misuse of Prescription Sedatives -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- * * * * * *
Cigarettes (Daily Only)2 31.8 29.7 27.6 25.8 26.5 26.4 22.3 23.0 22.5 22.7 22.0 19.4 24.1 20.0 15.0 12.2 14.7 13.2 *
Smokeless Tobacco -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 31.0 31.8 25.6 28.4 26.5 *
Cigars 7.0 5.3 6.3 5.4 5.6 4.1 5.5 6.3 6.1 5.3 4.8 4.8 6.9 6.3 10.9 7.5 8.5 13.5 *
Alcohol 3.8 3.1 3.7 3.3 2.5 3.0 2.3 3.0 2.6 2.3 2.2 1.9 1.9 2.3 1.5 1.5 1.2 2.0 0.5
Binge Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.8 0.4 1.1 1.0 1.4 *
SMOKED 1+ PACKS OF CIGARETTES PER DAY
AMONG DAILY CIGARETTE USERS4		 21.8 22.0 19.4 20.1 17.9 18.7 18.4 17.9 16.7 14.8 10.8 11.9 11.9 7.8 * * * * *
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and 2016.
2 Includes only respondents who smoked cigarettes on each of the past 30 days.
3 Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users.
4 Respondents with missing data for number of cigarettes smoked per day were excluded from the analysis.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.28A – Daily or Almost Daily Use of Specific Substances in Past Month: Among All People Aged 18 or Older and among Past Month Users of Specific Substances Aged 18 or Older; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST MONTH
AMONG TOTAL POPULATION		                                      
Marijuana 4,153 4,412 4,344 4,689 4,670 4,672 5,033 5,729 6,496 6,608 7,176 7,693 8,840 8,820 9,628 10,424 11,599 13,383 14,652
Cocaine 106 124 251 200 342 166 157 151 176 69 127 184 108 111 184 137 123 175 81
Crack 36 70 114 75 120 95 66 88 55 20 73 94 57 52 96 59 53 95 52
Heroin 94 54 72 46 187 80 91 46 79 172 180 144 173 141 219 203 128 181 268
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 30 * 30 45 15 69
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 20 20 23 38 30 140
Methamphetamine -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 246 247 302 394 437 886
Misuse of Prescription Pain Relievers1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 423 341 352 368 343 332
Misuse of Prescription Stimulants -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 84 83 116 75 95 98
Misuse of Prescription Tranquilizers -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 102 114 85 94 125 108
Misuse of Prescription Sedatives -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 29 39 39 * 26 66
Cigarettes (Daily Only)2 37,717 37,085 36,516 37,428 37,631 36,242 36,278 35,323 34,259 34,049 34,577 32,976 32,179 29,982 29,573 27,691 27,229 26,721 24,849
Smokeless Tobacco -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 5,285 5,224 5,063 4,811 4,910 3,836
Cigars 1,260 1,672 1,572 1,566 1,810 1,655 1,821 1,910 2,098 1,765 2,121 1,870 1,689 2,226 2,352 2,301 2,376 2,241 2,678
Alcohol 19,580 18,916 19,324 20,063 19,789 19,930 21,089 21,788 20,270 20,555 21,475 21,207 22,538 21,367 20,927 21,815 21,651 21,329 23,345
Binge Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2,844 2,662 2,904 2,899 2,645 4,011
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST MONTH
AMONG PAST MONTH USERS		                                      
Marijuana 4,153 4,412 4,344 4,689 4,670 4,672 5,033 5,729 6,496 6,608 7,176 7,693 8,840 8,820 9,628 10,424 11,599 13,383 14,652
Cocaine 106 124 251 200 342 166 157 151 176 69 127 184 108 111 184 137 123 175 81
Crack 36 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Heroin * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 203 * * *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 30 12 30 45 15 69
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * 20 23 * 30 *
Methamphetamine -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 246 * 302 394 437 886
Misuse of Prescription Pain Relievers1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 423 341 352 368 343 332
Misuse of Prescription Stimulants -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 84 83 116 75 95 98
Misuse of Prescription Tranquilizers -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 102 114 85 94 125 108
Misuse of Prescription Sedatives -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- * * * * * *
Cigarettes (Daily Only)2 37,717 37,085 36,516 37,428 37,631 36,242 36,278 35,323 34,259 34,049 34,577 32,976 32,179 29,982 29,573 27,691 27,229 26,721 24,849
Smokeless Tobacco -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 5,285 5,224 5,063 4,811 4,910 3,836
Cigars 1,260 1,672 1,572 1,566 1,810 1,655 1,821 1,910 2,098 1,765 2,121 1,870 1,689 2,226 2,352 2,301 2,376 2,241 2,678
Alcohol 19,580 18,916 19,324 20,063 19,789 19,930 21,089 21,788 20,270 20,555 21,475 21,207 22,538 21,367 20,927 21,815 21,651 21,329 23,345
Binge Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2,844 2,662 2,904 2,899 2,645 4,011
SMOKED 1+ PACKS OF CIGARETTES PER DAY
AMONG DAILY CIGARETTE USERS4		 20,299 20,085 20,000 19,431 19,269 18,630 17,973 16,342 15,543 15,029 14,612 13,689 13,024 12,364 12,171 11,402 10,790 10,840 9,366
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and 2016.
2 Includes only respondents who smoked cigarettes on each of the past 30 days.
3 Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users.
4 Respondents with missing data for number of cigarettes smoked per day were excluded from the analysis.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.28B – Daily or Almost Daily Use of Specific Substances in Past Month: Among All People Aged 18 or Older and among Past Month Users of Specific Substances Aged 18 or Older; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST MONTH
AMONG TOTAL POPULATION		                                      
Marijuana 2.0 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.5 2.8 2.8 3.1 3.2 3.7 3.6 3.9 4.2 4.7 5.3 5.8
Cocaine 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0
Crack 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Heroin 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.0 * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1
Methamphetamine -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4
Misuse of Prescription Pain Relievers1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Misuse of Prescription Stimulants -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Misuse of Prescription Tranquilizers -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Misuse of Prescription Sedatives -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.0 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 0.0
Cigarettes (Daily Only)2 17.9 17.4 17.0 17.2 17.1 16.3 16.1 15.5 14.9 14.6 14.7 13.9 13.4 12.3 12.1 11.2 10.9 10.7 9.9
Smokeless Tobacco -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 2.2 2.1 2.0 1.9 2.0 1.5
Cigars 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.1
Alcohol 9.3 8.9 9.0 9.2 9.0 9.0 9.4 9.6 8.8 8.8 9.1 8.9 9.4 8.8 8.6 8.8 8.7 8.5 9.3
Binge Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.6
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST MONTH
AMONG PAST MONTH USERS		                                      
Marijuana 33.1 34.8 34.3 36.4 35.5 36.6 37.0 38.2 41.6 41.0 42.1 42.6 43.4 43.1 43.0 42.7 44.6 45.0 46.8
Cocaine 5.7 5.9 13.3 8.8 14.8 8.4 8.9 9.6 12.5 5.3 7.8 12.2 7.3 6.1 10.0 6.4 6.4 8.9 4.5
Crack 6.7 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Heroin * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 41.3 * * *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2.7 0.9 2.3 3.0 0.9 4.1
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * 4.4 5.8 * 5.2 *
Methamphetamine -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 27.8 * 39.9 40.1 37.6 51.7
Misuse of Prescription Pain Relievers1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 12.1 11.0 11.6 13.7 12.9 13.6
Misuse of Prescription Stimulants -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 5.5 5.1 6.8 4.9 6.6 6.9
Misuse of Prescription Tranquilizers -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 6.0 6.2 5.3 6.0 7.5 5.8
Misuse of Prescription Sedatives -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- * * * * * *
Cigarettes (Daily Only)2 65.1 64.6 64.2 64.8 63.9 62.8 63.0 62.5 60.9 62.0 61.9 60.6 59.6 58.9 58.6 57.8 58.8 59.0 60.5
Smokeless Tobacco -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 61.3 62.1 61.4 62.5 59.4 55.8
Cigars 10.8 14.3 12.6 12.4 14.3 13.5 14.8 15.5 16.8 14.7 16.6 15.8 14.8 18.6 19.9 19.1 20.1 19.8 25.8
Alcohol 17.0 16.5 16.6 16.5 16.3 16.2 16.8 17.2 15.8 15.8 16.2 15.8 16.5 15.7 15.6 15.8 15.7 15.5 17.1
Binge Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 4.4 4.2 4.4 4.4 4.1 6.6
SMOKED 1+ PACKS OF CIGARETTES PER DAY
AMONG DAILY CIGARETTE USERS4		 54.0 54.3 54.8 52.0 51.2 51.5 49.6 46.4 45.4 44.1 42.3 41.5 40.6 41.3 41.2 41.3 39.7 40.6 37.8
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and 2016.
2 Includes only respondents who smoked cigarettes on each of the past 30 days.
3 Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users.
4 Respondents with missing data for number of cigarettes smoked per day were excluded from the analysis.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.29A – Daily or Almost Daily Use of Specific Substances in Past Month: Among All People Aged 18 to 25 and among Past Month Users of Specific Substances Aged 18 to 25; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST MONTH
AMONG TOTAL POPULATION		                                      
Marijuana 1,997 2,079 1,995 2,096 2,133 2,071 2,178 2,476 2,658 2,676 2,882 2,817 3,020 3,076 3,056 3,367 3,190 3,334 3,385
Cocaine 23 29 49 25 44 23 26 30 15 10 20 8 8 19 16 16 14 29 *
Crack 5 4 11 * 13 16 5 20 8 * 4 * 3 4 * 6 3 4 *
Heroin 10 9 8 26 9 18 24 14 29 54 52 48 33 41 40 55 25 25 19
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 13 3 9 7 9 6
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * 6 13 7 * *
Methamphetamine -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 34 20 38 34 46 28
Misuse of Prescription Pain Relievers1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 67 34 66 36 28 6
Misuse of Prescription Stimulants -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 23 11 24 12 17 *
Misuse of Prescription Tranquilizers -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 30 20 22 19 24 20
Misuse of Prescription Sedatives -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- * 5 * 2 * *
Cigarettes (Daily Only)2 6,549 6,726 6,574 6,349 6,149 5,829 5,623 5,458 5,358 5,207 4,967 4,591 4,263 3,923 3,237 2,939 2,438 2,097 1,542
Smokeless Tobacco -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 923 883 761 673 695 451
Cigars 280 320 355 363 371 371 360 379 423 391 389 341 352 417 392 463 430 435 406
Alcohol 1,741 1,820 1,881 1,923 1,941 1,890 1,923 1,847 1,798 1,645 1,717 1,660 1,649 1,532 1,447 1,425 1,389 1,314 1,305
Binge Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 294 249 226 237 232 264
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST MONTH
AMONG PAST MONTH USERS		                                      
Marijuana 1,997 2,079 1,995 2,096 2,133 2,071 2,178 2,476 2,658 2,676 2,882 2,817 3,020 3,076 3,056 3,367 3,190 3,334 3,385
Cocaine 23 29 49 25 44 23 26 30 15 10 20 8 8 19 16 16 14 29 *
Crack * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Heroin * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 13 3 9 7 9 *
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * * * * * *
Methamphetamine -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- * * * * * *
Misuse of Prescription Pain Relievers1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 67 34 66 36 28 *
Misuse of Prescription Stimulants -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 23 11 24 12 17 *
Misuse of Prescription Tranquilizers -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 30 20 22 19 24 *
Misuse of Prescription Sedatives -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- * * * * * *
Cigarettes (Daily Only)2 6,549 6,726 6,574 6,349 6,149 5,829 5,623 5,458 5,358 5,207 4,967 4,591 4,263 3,923 3,237 2,939 2,438 2,097 1,542
Smokeless Tobacco -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 923 883 761 673 695 451
Cigars 280 320 355 363 371 371 360 379 423 391 389 341 352 417 392 463 430 435 406
Alcohol 1,741 1,820 1,881 1,923 1,941 1,890 1,923 1,847 1,798 1,645 1,717 1,660 1,649 1,532 1,447 1,425 1,389 1,314 1,305
Binge Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 294 249 226 237 232 264
SMOKED 1+ PACKS OF CIGARETTES PER DAY
AMONG DAILY CIGARETTE USERS4		 2,556 2,494 2,296 2,342 2,116 1,915 1,774 1,609 1,461 1,361 1,247 1,021 959 880 848 736 569 524 320
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and 2016.
2 Includes only respondents who smoked cigarettes on each of the past 30 days.
3 Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users.
4 Respondents with missing data for number of cigarettes smoked per day were excluded from the analysis.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.29B – Daily or Almost Daily Use of Specific Substances in Past Month: Among All People Aged 18 to 25 and among Past Month Users of Specific Substances Aged 18 to 25; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST MONTH
AMONG TOTAL POPULATION		                                      
Marijuana 6.4 6.6 6.2 6.5 6.5 6.3 6.6 7.4 7.8 7.8 8.3 8.1 8.6 8.8 8.8 9.8 9.4 9.9 10.1
Cocaine 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 *
Crack 0.0 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 * 0.0 * 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 0.0 0.0 *
Heroin 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * 0.0 0.0 0.0 * *
Methamphetamine -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Misuse of Prescription Pain Relievers1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0
Misuse of Prescription Stimulants -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 *
Misuse of Prescription Tranquilizers -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Misuse of Prescription Sedatives -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- * 0.0 * 0.0 * *
Cigarettes (Daily Only)2 21.1 21.2 20.4 19.5 18.8 17.8 17.1 16.3 15.7 15.2 14.4 13.2 12.2 11.2 9.4 8.6 7.2 6.2 4.6
Smokeless Tobacco -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 2.6 2.6 2.2 2.0 2.1 1.3
Cigars 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2
Alcohol 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.9 5.8 5.8 5.5 5.3 4.8 5.0 4.8 4.7 4.4 4.2 4.2 4.1 3.9 3.9
Binge Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST MONTH
AMONG PAST MONTH USERS		                                      
Marijuana 37.2 38.5 38.4 38.9 40.0 38.4 39.9 40.4 42.1 41.0 44.4 42.5 44.2 44.4 42.5 44.3 42.4 43.0 43.8
Cocaine 3.6 4.1 7.0 3.0 6.0 4.0 5.1 6.4 3.1 2.0 5.0 2.1 1.7 3.2 3.0 2.4 2.6 5.4 *
Crack * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Heroin * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2.1 0.4 1.6 1.2 1.5 *
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * * * * * *
Methamphetamine -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- * * * * * *
Misuse of Prescription Pain Relievers1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 8.1 5.4 10.4 7.5 6.6 *
Misuse of Prescription Stimulants -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 3.0 1.5 3.3 2.1 2.9 *
Misuse of Prescription Tranquilizers -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 5.2 3.7 4.0 4.9 7.1 *
Misuse of Prescription Sedatives -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- * * * * * *
Cigarettes (Daily Only)2 51.8 52.7 51.6 50.1 48.8 49.2 47.8 45.3 45.8 45.3 45.1 43.1 43.0 42.0 39.9 38.4 37.4 35.4 33.1
Smokeless Tobacco -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 48.7 48.9 46.7 45.0 41.9 34.4
Cigars 8.2 8.8 8.7 9.3 9.3 9.5 9.6 9.8 11.0 10.5 10.5 9.8 10.4 13.4 12.8 14.8 14.7 16.7 20.6
Alcohol 9.3 9.4 9.7 9.7 9.6 9.4 9.6 8.9 8.6 7.9 8.2 8.0 7.9 7.5 7.3 7.4 7.4 7.2 7.6
Binge Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2.2 1.9 1.8 2.0 2.0 2.5
SMOKED 1+ PACKS OF CIGARETTES PER DAY
AMONG DAILY CIGARETTE USERS4		 39.1 37.1 34.9 36.9 34.4 32.9 31.6 29.5 27.3 26.1 25.1 22.3 22.5 22.5 26.2 25.0 23.4 25.0 20.8
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and 2016.
2 Includes only respondents who smoked cigarettes on each of the past 30 days.
3 Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users.
4 Respondents with missing data for number of cigarettes smoked per day were excluded from the analysis.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.30A – Daily or Almost Daily Use of Specific Substances in Past Month: Among All People Aged 26 or Older and among Past Month Users of Specific Substances Aged 26 or Older; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST MONTH
AMONG TOTAL POPULATION		                                      
Marijuana 2,156 2,332 2,349 2,593 2,537 2,601 2,855 3,253 3,838 3,931 4,293 4,875 5,820 5,744 6,573 7,057 8,409 10,049 11,267
Cocaine 83 96 203 174 299 144 130 121 161 59 107 175 100 92 167 121 110 146 81
Crack 31 66 103 74 107 79 61 68 47 19 69 93 55 48 95 54 50 91 52
Heroin 84 45 64 20 178 61 67 32 49 118 128 96 140 100 179 149 103 156 249
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 17 * 21 38 * 63
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 18 14 11 30 30 140
Methamphetamine -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 212 227 264 360 391 858
Misuse of Prescription Pain Relievers1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 356 307 286 332 315 326
Misuse of Prescription Stimulants -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 61 72 93 63 78 98
Misuse of Prescription Tranquilizers -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 72 95 63 75 101 88
Misuse of Prescription Sedatives -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 28 34 39 * 26 66
Cigarettes (Daily Only)2 31,168 30,359 29,942 31,079 31,481 30,414 30,655 29,865 28,901 28,841 29,610 28,385 27,916 26,059 26,336 24,751 24,792 24,624 23,307
Smokeless Tobacco -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 4,363 4,340 4,302 4,138 4,215 3,385
Cigars 980 1,353 1,217 1,203 1,439 1,284 1,461 1,531 1,676 1,374 1,733 1,530 1,337 1,809 1,960 1,838 1,945 1,806 2,272
Alcohol 17,839 17,095 17,443 18,140 17,848 18,041 19,167 19,941 18,472 18,911 19,757 19,547 20,889 19,835 19,481 20,389 20,262 20,015 22,040
Binge Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2,550 2,413 2,678 2,663 2,413 3,746
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST MONTH
AMONG PAST MONTH USERS		                                      
Marijuana 2,156 2,332 2,349 2,593 2,537 2,601 2,855 3,253 3,838 3,931 4,293 4,875 5,820 5,744 6,573 7,057 8,409 10,049 11,267
Cocaine 83 96 203 174 299 144 130 121 161 59 107 * 100 92 167 121 110 146 81
Crack * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Heroin * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * 9 21 38 6 63
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * * * * * *
Methamphetamine -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 212 * 264 360 391 *
Misuse of Prescription Pain Relievers1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 356 307 286 332 315 326
Misuse of Prescription Stimulants -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 61 72 93 63 78 *
Misuse of Prescription Tranquilizers -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 72 95 63 75 101 88
Misuse of Prescription Sedatives -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- * * * * * *
Cigarettes (Daily Only)2 31,168 30,359 29,942 31,079 31,481 30,414 30,655 29,865 28,901 28,841 29,610 28,385 27,916 26,059 26,336 24,751 24,792 24,624 23,307
Smokeless Tobacco -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 4,363 4,340 4,302 4,138 4,215 3,385
Cigars 980 1,353 1,217 1,203 1,439 1,284 1,461 1,531 1,676 1,374 1,733 1,530 1,337 1,809 1,960 1,838 1,945 1,806 2,272
Alcohol 17,839 17,095 17,443 18,140 17,848 18,041 19,167 19,941 18,472 18,911 19,757 19,547 20,889 19,835 19,481 20,389 20,262 20,015 22,040
Binge Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2,550 2,413 2,678 2,663 2,413 3,746
SMOKED 1+ PACKS OF CIGARETTES PER DAY
AMONG DAILY CIGARETTE USERS4		 17,743 17,591 17,704 17,089 17,153 16,715 16,199 14,733 14,082 13,668 13,365 12,667 12,065 11,484 11,324 10,666 10,221 10,315 9,047
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and 2016.
2 Includes only respondents who smoked cigarettes on each of the past 30 days.
3 Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users.
4 Respondents with missing data for number of cigarettes smoked per day were excluded from the analysis.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.30B – Daily or Almost Daily Use of Specific Substances in Past Month: Among All People Aged 26 or Older and among Past Month Users of Specific Substances Aged 26 or Older; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST MONTH
AMONG TOTAL POPULATION		                                      
Marijuana 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.7 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.4 2.8 2.8 3.1 3.3 3.9 4.6 5.2
Cocaine 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0
Crack 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Heroin 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.0 * 0.0 0.0 * 0.0
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1
Methamphetamine -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4
Misuse of Prescription Pain Relievers1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1
Misuse of Prescription Stimulants -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Misuse of Prescription Tranquilizers -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Misuse of Prescription Sedatives -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.0 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 0.0
Cigarettes (Daily Only)2 17.4 16.8 16.4 16.8 16.8 16.0 16.0 15.4 14.8 14.5 14.8 14.0 13.6 12.5 12.5 11.6 11.5 11.4 10.7
Smokeless Tobacco -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 2.1 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.5
Cigars 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 1.0
Alcohol 9.9 9.4 9.5 9.8 9.5 9.5 10.0 10.3 9.5 9.5 9.9 9.6 10.2 9.5 9.3 9.6 9.4 9.2 10.1
Binge Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.7
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST MONTH
AMONG PAST MONTH USERS		                                      
Marijuana 30.0 32.1 31.4 34.5 32.5 35.2 35.1 36.6 41.3 41.0 40.6 42.7 43.0 42.4 43.3 42.0 45.5 45.6 47.8
Cocaine 6.7 6.7 16.8 12.2 18.8 10.3 10.4 10.9 17.7 7.1 8.8 * 9.8 7.4 12.9 8.2 7.8 10.2 5.8
Crack * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Heroin * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * 1.6 3.0 4.2 0.5 6.1
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * * * * * *
Methamphetamine -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 28.0 * 43.5 40.3 37.2 *
Misuse of Prescription Pain Relievers1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 13.3 12.4 12.0 15.0 14.1 15.1
Misuse of Prescription Stimulants -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 7.9 8.2 9.3 6.5 9.1 *
Misuse of Prescription Tranquilizers -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 6.3 7.3 6.0 6.4 7.6 5.8
Misuse of Prescription Sedatives -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- * * * * * *
Cigarettes (Daily Only)2 68.8 68.0 67.8 68.9 67.9 66.3 67.0 67.2 64.8 66.5 66.0 64.9 63.3 62.7 62.2 61.5 62.3 62.5 64.1
Smokeless Tobacco -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 64.8 65.7 65.1 66.7 63.8 60.9
Cigars 11.9 16.7 14.4 13.9 16.6 15.4 17.2 18.0 19.4 16.6 19.1 18.2 16.6 20.4 22.4 20.6 21.9 20.7 27.0
Alcohol 18.4 18.0 18.0 17.8 17.7 17.6 18.2 18.8 17.2 17.3 17.7 17.3 18.0 17.2 17.0 17.2 17.0 16.8 18.5
Binge Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 4.9 4.7 5.1 4.9 4.5 7.5
SMOKED 1+ PACKS OF CIGARETTES PER DAY
AMONG DAILY CIGARETTE USERS4		 57.1 58.0 59.2 55.1 54.5 55.1 53.0 49.4 48.8 47.4 45.2 44.7 43.3 44.1 43.1 43.2 41.4 42.0 38.9
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and 2016.
2 Includes only respondents who smoked cigarettes on each of the past 30 days.
3 Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users.
4 Respondents with missing data for number of cigarettes smoked per day were excluded from the analysis.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.31A – Daily or Almost Daily Use of Specific Substances in Past Month: Among All People Aged 12 to 20 and among Past Month Users of Specific Substances Aged 12 to 20; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST MONTH
AMONG TOTAL POPULATION		                                      
Marijuana 1,530 1,450 1,323 1,333 1,435 1,278 1,433 1,522 1,488 1,578 1,652 1,536 1,524 1,485 1,434 1,565 1,469 1,547 1,366
Cocaine 17 21 31 20 12 18 23 18 12 7 8 5 12 11 11 4 4 7 *
Crack 7 8 5 * * 8 * 8 8 * 3 * * 4 * 4 * 4 *
Heroin 7 9 6 8 4 7 9 5 8 33 17 11 18 7 4 * 7 4 *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 10 3 5 6 3 *
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 6 14 19 4 22 6
Methamphetamine -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 19 * 23 15 9 16
Misuse of Prescription Pain Relievers1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 15 18 25 11 5 *
Misuse of Prescription Stimulants -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 14 11 19 3 12 4
Misuse of Prescription Tranquilizers -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 18 17 10 23 6 20
Misuse of Prescription Sedatives -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- * * * * * *
Cigarettes (Daily Only)2 3,374 3,209 3,028 2,819 2,769 2,550 2,430 2,330 2,221 2,146 1,756 1,559 1,511 1,190 900 771 663 535 379
Smokeless Tobacco -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 426 404 306 293 234 176
Cigars 207 205 220 232 199 190 194 237 219 217 169 163 159 195 191 219 195 208 161
Alcohol 632 624 647 625 587 553 533 549 467 386 354 328 337 278 233 274 230 189 126
Binge Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 69 43 66 51 38 30
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST MONTH
AMONG PAST MONTH USERS		                                      
Marijuana 1,530 1,450 1,323 1,333 1,435 1,278 1,433 1,522 1,488 1,578 1,652 1,536 1,524 1,485 1,434 1,565 1,469 1,547 1,366
Cocaine 17 21 31 20 12 18 23 18 12 7 8 * * 11 * 4 * * *
Crack * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Heroin * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 10 * 5 6 3 *
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 6 14 19 4 22 *
Methamphetamine -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- * * * * * *
Misuse of Prescription Pain Relievers1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 15 18 25 11 5 *
Misuse of Prescription Stimulants -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 14 11 19 * 12 *
Misuse of Prescription Tranquilizers -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 18 17 10 23 6 *
Misuse of Prescription Sedatives -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- * * * * * *
Cigarettes (Daily Only)2 3,374 3,209 3,028 2,819 2,769 2,550 2,430 2,330 2,221 2,146 1,756 1,559 1,511 1,190 900 771 663 535 379
Smokeless Tobacco -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 426 404 306 293 234 *
Cigars 207 205 220 232 199 190 194 237 219 217 169 163 159 195 191 219 195 208 *
Alcohol 632 624 647 625 587 553 533 549 467 386 354 328 337 278 233 274 230 189 126
Binge Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 69 43 66 51 38 30
SMOKED 1+ PACKS OF CIGARETTES PER DAY
AMONG DAILY CIGARETTE USERS4		 1,013 925 834 856 734 621 604 547 467 464 313 280 273 165 221 174 131 85 *
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and 2016.
2 Includes only respondents who smoked cigarettes on each of the past 30 days.
3 Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users.
4 Respondents with missing data for number of cigarettes smoked per day were excluded from the analysis.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.31B – Daily or Almost Daily Use of Specific Substances in Past Month: Among All People Aged 12 to 20 and among Past Month Users of Specific Substances Aged 12 to 20; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST MONTH
AMONG TOTAL POPULATION		                                      
Marijuana 4.1 3.9 3.5 3.5 3.8 3.3 3.8 4.0 3.9 4.1 4.3 4.0 4.0 3.9 3.8 4.1 3.9 4.1 3.7
Cocaine 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 *
Crack 0.0 0.0 0.0 * * 0.0 * 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 * * 0.0 * 0.0 * 0.0 *
Heroin 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 0.0 *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 *
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0
Methamphetamine -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.0 * 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0
Misuse of Prescription Pain Relievers1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 *
Misuse of Prescription Stimulants -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0
Misuse of Prescription Tranquilizers -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1
Misuse of Prescription Sedatives -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- * * * * * *
Cigarettes (Daily Only)2 9.1 8.6 8.0 7.4 7.3 6.6 6.4 6.1 5.8 5.6 4.6 4.1 4.0 3.1 2.4 2.0 1.7 1.4 1.0
Smokeless Tobacco -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 1.1 1.1 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.5
Cigars 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4
Alcohol 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.3
Binge Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST MONTH
AMONG PAST MONTH USERS		                                      
Marijuana 34.3 32.5 31.6 31.8 35.2 31.0 34.5 34.0 32.5 32.2 35.6 34.5 33.4 33.6 32.8 35.5 32.1 33.4 34.6
Cocaine 4.2 5.0 8.1 4.5 2.6 5.2 7.3 8.2 5.3 2.6 4.5 * * 5.0 * 2.1 * * *
Crack * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Heroin * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2.7 * 1.3 1.8 0.7 *
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2.7 6.7 8.6 1.8 8.3 *
Methamphetamine -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- * * * * * *
Misuse of Prescription Pain Relievers1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 2.8 4.1 6.3 3.4 1.6 *
Misuse of Prescription Stimulants -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 3.4 2.6 5.3 * 4.0 *
Misuse of Prescription Tranquilizers -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 4.8 5.3 3.2 9.6 2.8 *
Misuse of Prescription Sedatives -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- * * * * * *
Cigarettes (Daily Only)2 42.1 41.1 39.5 38.3 38.4 37.4 36.2 34.6 34.6 34.5 32.6 31.4 34.7 30.9 27.8 25.6 25.6 23.4 24.9
Smokeless Tobacco -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 40.3 41.3 34.1 35.2 29.4 *
Cigars 7.5 7.4 7.1 7.9 7.0 6.4 7.1 8.5 8.6 8.5 7.6 8.0 8.4 11.0 11.5 13.1 12.7 16.5 *
Alcohol 5.9 5.7 6.0 5.8 5.4 5.1 5.3 5.3 4.7 4.0 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.6 3.2 3.7 3.2 2.7 2.1
Binge Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.4 0.9 1.5 1.2 0.9 0.9
SMOKED 1+ PACKS OF CIGARETTES PER DAY
AMONG DAILY CIGARETTE USERS4		 30.1 28.9 27.6 30.4 26.5 24.4 24.9 23.5 21.1 21.6 17.9 18.0 18.1 14.0 24.6 22.6 19.8 16.0 *
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and 2016.
2 Includes only respondents who smoked cigarettes on each of the past 30 days.
3 Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users.
4 Respondents with missing data for number of cigarettes smoked per day were excluded from the analysis.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.32A – Daily or Almost Daily Use of Specific Substances in Past Month: Among All People Aged 21 or Older and among Past Month Users of Specific Substances Aged 21 or Older; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST MONTH
AMONG TOTAL POPULATION		                                      
Marijuana 3,226 3,444 3,557 3,756 3,669 3,820 4,022 4,659 5,448 5,496 5,949 6,608 7,715 7,756 8,561 9,264 10,497 12,283 13,691
Cocaine 96 111 232 189 332 159 145 139 166 62 122 180 105 102 176 133 121 168 81
Crack 35 67 112 75 119 91 64 82 47 19 70 94 57 48 96 55 53 91 52
Heroin 90 48 72 38 184 73 84 43 71 151 163 134 160 134 216 203 125 177 268
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 22 12 27 42 13 69
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 20 18 15 38 30 140
Methamphetamine -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 227 247 284 384 429 876
Misuse of Prescription Pain Relievers1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 416 330 336 358 341 331
Misuse of Prescription Stimulants -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 75 80 103 73 92 98
Misuse of Prescription Tranquilizers -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 96 103 81 81 121 88
Misuse of Prescription Sedatives -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 28 39 39 * 26 66
Cigarettes (Daily Only)2 35,364 34,781 34,315 35,312 35,562 34,351 34,358 33,504 32,497 32,343 33,180 31,689 30,961 29,000 28,801 27,016 26,665 26,262 24,495
Smokeless Tobacco -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 4,974 4,932 4,843 4,597 4,741 3,688
Cigars 1,132 1,526 1,428 1,391 1,669 1,509 1,679 1,734 1,927 1,594 1,984 1,735 1,566 2,063 2,210 2,118 2,216 2,080 2,539
Alcohol 19,113 18,429 18,841 19,575 19,306 19,498 20,639 21,346 19,890 20,247 21,190 20,934 22,256 21,143 20,729 21,577 21,448 21,187 23,230
Binge Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2,787 2,623 2,852 2,860 2,623 3,980
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST MONTH
AMONG PAST MONTH USERS		                                      
Marijuana 3,226 3,444 3,557 3,756 3,669 3,820 4,022 4,659 5,448 5,496 5,949 6,608 7,715 7,756 8,561 9,264 10,497 12,283 13,691
Cocaine 96 111 232 189 332 159 145 139 166 62 122 180 105 102 176 133 121 168 81
Crack 35 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Heroin * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 203 * * *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 22 12 27 42 13 69
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * * * * * *
Methamphetamine -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 227 * 284 384 429 *
Misuse of Prescription Pain Relievers1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 416 330 336 358 341 331
Misuse of Prescription Stimulants -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 75 80 103 73 92 98
Misuse of Prescription Tranquilizers -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 96 103 81 81 121 88
Misuse of Prescription Sedatives -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- * * * * * *
Cigarettes (Daily Only)2 35,364 34,781 34,315 35,312 35,562 34,351 34,358 33,504 32,497 32,343 33,180 31,689 30,961 29,000 28,801 27,016 26,665 26,262 24,495
Smokeless Tobacco -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 4,974 4,932 4,843 4,597 4,741 3,688
Cigars 1,132 1,526 1,428 1,391 1,669 1,509 1,679 1,734 1,927 1,594 1,984 1,735 1,566 2,063 2,210 2,118 2,216 2,080 2,539
Alcohol 19,113 18,429 18,841 19,575 19,306 19,498 20,639 21,346 19,890 20,247 21,190 20,934 22,256 21,143 20,729 21,577 21,448 21,187 23,230
Binge Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2,787 2,623 2,852 2,860 2,623 3,980
SMOKED 1+ PACKS OF CIGARETTES PER DAY
AMONG DAILY CIGARETTE USERS4		 19,507 19,359 19,326 18,717 18,660 18,131 17,462 15,886 15,152 14,629 14,337 13,441 12,786 12,215 11,963 11,239 10,668 10,763 9,316
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and 2016.
2 Includes only respondents who smoked cigarettes on each of the past 30 days.
3 Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users.
4 Respondents with missing data for number of cigarettes smoked per day were excluded from the analysis.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
210618
Table 7.32B – Daily or Almost Daily Use of Specific Substances in Past Month: Among All People Aged 21 or Older and among Past Month Users of Specific Substances Aged 21 or Older; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST MONTH
AMONG TOTAL POPULATION		                                      
Marijuana 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.5 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.4 3.4 3.7 4.0 4.5 5.2 5.7
Cocaine 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0
Crack 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Heroin 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1
Methamphetamine -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4
Misuse of Prescription Pain Relievers1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1
Misuse of Prescription Stimulants -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Misuse of Prescription Tranquilizers -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0
Misuse of Prescription Sedatives -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.0 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 0.0
Cigarettes (Daily Only)2 17.9 17.4 16.9 17.2 17.1 16.4 16.2 15.7 15.1 14.8 15.0 14.1 13.6 12.6 12.4 11.5 11.3 11.1 10.2
Smokeless Tobacco -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 2.2 2.1 2.1 1.9 2.0 1.5
Cigars 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.1
Alcohol 9.7 9.2 9.3 9.6 9.3 9.3 9.7 10.0 9.2 9.2 9.6 9.3 9.8 9.2 8.9 9.2 9.1 8.9 9.7
Binge Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.7
DAILY/ALMOST DAILY USE IN PAST MONTH
AMONG PAST MONTH USERS		                                      
Marijuana 31.9 33.8 34.2 36.0 34.1 36.9 36.2 37.7 42.5 41.7 41.9 43.0 43.8 43.5 43.7 42.9 45.5 45.5 47.5
Cocaine 5.9 6.0 14.2 9.7 16.7 9.1 9.4 9.8 13.3 5.7 8.2 13.0 7.8 6.2 10.4 6.8 6.8 9.2 4.7
Crack 6.7 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Heroin * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 41.7 * * *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2.5 1.2 2.6 3.3 0.8 4.9
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc * * * * * *
Methamphetamine -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 26.9 * 40.3 40.1 37.7 *
Misuse of Prescription Pain Relievers1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 12.8 11.4 11.9 14.2 13.6 14.0
Misuse of Prescription Stimulants -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 6.0 6.0 7.0 5.2 7.3 7.2
Misuse of Prescription Tranquilizers -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 6.4 6.3 5.7 5.8 7.7 4.9
Misuse of Prescription Sedatives -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- * * * * * *
Cigarettes (Daily Only)2 66.6 66.1 65.7 66.4 65.4 64.4 64.7 64.4 62.6 63.9 63.6 62.4 60.8 60.3 59.9 59.1 60.1 60.2 61.4
Smokeless Tobacco -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 62.7 63.3 63.1 64.4 61.4 57.4
Cigars 11.3 15.2 13.4 13.0 15.4 14.6 16.0 16.4 18.0 15.4 17.7 16.7 15.6 19.2 20.8 19.5 20.8 19.9 26.2
Alcohol 17.5 17.0 17.1 17.0 16.9 16.8 17.4 17.8 16.4 16.4 16.8 16.3 17.0 16.2 16.0 16.2 16.2 16.0 17.5
Binge Alcohol3 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 4.5 4.3 4.6 4.6 4.3 6.8
SMOKED 1+ PACKS OF CIGARETTES PER DAY
AMONG DAILY CIGARETTE USERS4		 55.3 55.7 56.4 53.1 52.5 52.9 50.9 47.5 46.7 45.2 43.3 42.5 41.4 42.2 41.6 41.7 40.1 41.0 38.1
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and 2016.
2 Includes only respondents who smoked cigarettes on each of the past 30 days.
3 Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users.
4 Respondents with missing data for number of cigarettes smoked per day were excluded from the analysis.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.33A – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Substance Use and Perceived Availability of Substances: Among People Aged 12 or Older; Numbers in Thousands, 2015-2020
Specific Substance Risk/Availability 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
PERCEPTIONS OF GREAT RISK1            
Cigarettes            
Smoke One or More Packs Per Day 193,285 194,489 193,606 195,014 194,258 193,070
Marijuana            
Smoke Once a Month 76,562 73,444 69,813 67,271 64,313 58,604
Smoke Once or Twice a Week 95,366 90,113 85,335 82,311 78,832 74,440
Cocaine            
Use Once a Month 189,188 190,192 190,719 191,507 189,015 182,220
Use Once or Twice a Week 229,610 230,804 232,451 232,872 231,560 229,932
Heroin            
Try Once or Twice 223,992 226,853 230,901 231,827 230,338 225,613
Use Once or Twice a Week 247,604 249,351 252,940 253,644 253,771 253,113
LSD            
Try Once or Twice 183,645 182,328 180,615 178,852 174,001 163,681
Use Once or Twice a Week 220,754 220,221 219,168 217,280 212,969 207,517
Alcohol            
Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week 117,026 118,453 120,217 121,787 121,662 117,788
Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day 182,100 182,227 185,738 185,462 184,925 187,502
PERCEIVED AVAILABILITY2            
Fairly or Very Easy to Obtain            
Marijuana 150,310 152,878 159,365 162,424 167,323 172,659
Cocaine 56,826 57,454 57,401 56,897 56,865 53,625
Crack 49,721 48,894 47,848 46,820 45,889 44,299
Heroin 40,516 44,333 43,678 42,862 41,699 38,784
LSD 33,403 35,354 35,493 36,560 36,821 34,921
Approached in the Past Month by Someone Selling Drugs 15,938 15,213 15,468 15,613 14,767 11,885
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
1 Respondents with unknown Perception of Risk data were excluded from the respective analyses.
2 Respondents with unknown Perceived Availability data were excluded from the respective analyses.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2015-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.33B – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Substance Use and Perceived Availability of Substances: Among People Aged 12 or Older; Percentages, 2015-2020
Specific Substance Risk/Availability 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
PERCEPTIONS OF GREAT RISK1            
Cigarettes            
Smoke One or More Packs Per Day 72.8 72.8 71.6 71.8 71.2 70.7
Marijuana            
Smoke Once a Month 29.1 27.7 26.1 25.0 23.8 21.6
Smoke Once or Twice a Week 36.3 34.0 31.9 30.6 29.2 27.4
Cocaine            
Use Once a Month 72.0 71.8 71.3 71.2 70.0 67.2
Use Once or Twice a Week 87.4 87.1 86.8 86.5 85.7 84.7
Heroin            
Try Once or Twice 85.2 85.6 86.4 86.2 85.2 83.1
Use Once or Twice a Week 94.2 94.1 94.5 94.3 93.8 93.2
LSD            
Try Once or Twice 70.4 69.5 68.2 67.1 65.0 60.8
Use Once or Twice a Week 84.7 83.9 82.7 81.5 79.6 77.0
Alcohol            
Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week 44.2 44.4 44.6 45.0 44.7 43.2
Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day 68.7 68.3 68.9 68.5 67.9 68.7
PERCEIVED AVAILABILITY2            
Fairly or Very Easy to Obtain            
Marijuana 58.6 59.1 61.0 61.7 63.2 64.4
Cocaine 22.5 22.6 22.4 22.0 21.9 20.3
Crack 19.8 19.3 18.7 18.2 17.7 16.8
Heroin 16.1 17.5 17.1 16.6 16.1 14.7
LSD 13.3 14.0 13.9 14.2 14.3 13.3
Approached in the Past Month by Someone Selling Drugs 6.0 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.4 4.3
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
1 Respondents with unknown Perception of Risk data were excluded from the respective analyses.
2 Respondents with unknown Perceived Availability data were excluded from the respective analyses.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2015-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.34A – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Substance Use and Perceived Availability of Substances: Among People Aged 12 to 17; Numbers in Thousands, 2015-2020
Specific Substance Risk/Availability 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
PERCEPTIONS OF GREAT RISK1            
Cigarettes            
Smoke One or More Packs Per Day 16,723 16,972 16,502 15,974 15,867 16,543
Marijuana            
Smoke Once a Month 6,639 6,591 5,956 5,533 5,482 5,652
Smoke Once or Twice a Week 9,892 9,760 9,201 8,486 8,406 9,181
Cocaine            
Use Once a Month 13,729 13,642 13,467 13,094 12,995 12,839
Use Once or Twice a Week 19,450 19,565 19,421 19,263 19,024 19,802
Heroin            
Try Once or Twice 15,731 15,789 15,986 15,538 15,137 14,847
Use Once or Twice a Week 20,015 20,139 20,290 20,003 19,785 20,215
LSD            
Try Once or Twice 12,061 11,782 11,622 11,071 10,584 10,808
Use Once or Twice a Week 16,738 16,522 16,507 15,956 15,578 16,116
Alcohol            
Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week 10,410 10,792 10,656 10,550 10,505 10,594
Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day 15,729 16,051 15,981 15,723 15,516 16,463
PERCEIVED AVAILABILITY2            
Fairly or Very Easy to Obtain            
Marijuana 11,054 10,733 11,107 11,086 10,669 9,956
Cocaine 2,968 2,992 3,034 2,790 2,669 2,238
Crack 2,787 2,719 2,677 2,512 2,356 2,111
Heroin 1,922 2,051 1,995 1,921 1,665 1,410
LSD 2,663 2,788 2,891 2,767 2,816 2,496
Approached in the Past Month by Someone Selling Drugs 2,790 2,728 2,704 2,546 2,472 1,492
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
1 Respondents with unknown Perception of Risk data were excluded from the respective analyses.
2 Respondents with unknown Perceived Availability data were excluded from the respective analyses.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2015-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.34B – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Substance Use and Perceived Availability of Substances: Among People Aged 12 to 17; Percentages, 2015-2020
Specific Substance Risk/Availability 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
PERCEPTIONS OF GREAT RISK1            
Cigarettes            
Smoke One or More Packs Per Day 68.2 69.3 67.2 65.3 65.0 67.3
Marijuana            
Smoke Once a Month 27.3 27.1 24.4 22.8 22.6 23.1
Smoke Once or Twice a Week 40.6 40.0 37.7 34.9 34.6 37.4
Cocaine            
Use Once a Month 56.7 56.4 55.6 54.2 53.9 52.7
Use Once or Twice a Week 80.2 80.6 80.1 79.6 78.7 81.2
Heroin            
Try Once or Twice 65.3 65.6 66.3 64.5 62.9 61.2
Use Once or Twice a Week 82.9 83.4 84.0 83.0 82.1 83.1
LSD            
Try Once or Twice 51.6 50.4 49.6 47.5 45.4 45.7
Use Once or Twice a Week 71.5 70.5 70.4 68.4 66.8 67.8
Alcohol            
Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week 42.5 44.1 43.6 43.2 43.0 43.0
Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day 64.1 65.5 65.2 64.4 63.5 66.7
PERCEIVED AVAILABILITY2            
Fairly or Very Easy to Obtain            
Marijuana 46.0 44.7 46.1 46.0 44.3 41.0
Cocaine 12.5 12.6 12.8 11.7 11.2 9.3
Crack 11.8 11.5 11.3 10.6 9.9 8.8
Heroin 8.1 8.7 8.4 8.1 7.0 5.9
LSD 11.5 12.0 12.4 11.9 12.1 10.5
Approached in the Past Month by Someone Selling Drugs 11.2 11.0 10.9 10.3 10.0 6.0
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
1 Respondents with unknown Perception of Risk data were excluded from the respective analyses.
2 Respondents with unknown Perceived Availability data were excluded from the respective analyses.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2015-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.35A – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Substance Use and Perceived Availability of Substances: Among People Aged 18 or Older; Numbers in Thousands, 2015-2020
Specific Substance Risk/Availability 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
PERCEPTIONS OF GREAT RISK1            
Cigarettes            
Smoke One or More Packs Per Day 176,561 177,517 177,104 179,039 178,392 176,528
Marijuana            
Smoke Once a Month 69,922 66,853 63,856 61,738 58,831 52,952
Smoke Once or Twice a Week 85,474 80,353 76,134 73,826 70,426 65,259
Cocaine            
Use Once a Month 175,459 176,551 177,252 178,414 176,019 169,381
Use Once or Twice a Week 210,160 211,240 213,029 213,609 212,535 210,130
Heroin            
Try Once or Twice 208,261 211,064 214,915 216,289 215,202 210,766
Use Once or Twice a Week 227,589 229,212 232,651 233,641 233,987 232,898
LSD            
Try Once or Twice 171,585 170,546 168,994 167,781 163,417 152,873
Use Once or Twice a Week 204,016 203,699 202,661 201,324 197,391 191,401
Alcohol            
Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week 106,616 107,661 109,561 111,237 111,157 107,195
Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day 166,371 166,176 169,757 169,738 169,408 171,039
PERCEIVED AVAILABILITY2            
Fairly or Very Easy to Obtain            
Marijuana 139,256 142,145 148,259 151,338 156,655 162,703
Cocaine 53,857 54,462 54,367 54,107 54,196 51,387
Crack 46,933 46,174 45,171 44,309 43,533 42,187
Heroin 38,594 42,282 41,683 40,941 40,034 37,375
LSD 30,739 32,566 32,603 33,793 34,005 32,425
Approached in the Past Month by Someone Selling Drugs 13,149 12,485 12,765 13,067 12,295 10,393
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
1 Respondents with unknown Perception of Risk data were excluded from the respective analyses.
2 Respondents with unknown Perceived Availability data were excluded from the respective analyses.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2015-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.35B – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Substance Use and Perceived Availability of Substances: Among People Aged 18 or Older; Percentages, 2015-2020
Specific Substance Risk/Availability 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
PERCEPTIONS OF GREAT RISK1            
Cigarettes            
Smoke One or More Packs Per Day 73.3 73.1 72.1 72.5 71.8 71.1
Marijuana            
Smoke Once a Month 29.3 27.8 26.3 25.2 23.9 21.4
Smoke Once or Twice a Week 35.8 33.4 31.4 30.2 28.6 26.4
Cocaine            
Use Once a Month 73.6 73.3 72.9 72.9 71.6 68.6
Use Once or Twice a Week 88.1 87.7 87.5 87.2 86.4 85.0
Heroin            
Try Once or Twice 87.3 87.6 88.3 88.4 87.4 85.3
Use Once or Twice a Week 95.3 95.1 95.6 95.4 95.0 94.2
LSD            
Try Once or Twice 72.3 71.4 70.0 69.0 66.9 62.3
Use Once or Twice a Week 86.0 85.2 83.9 82.8 80.8 77.9
Alcohol            
Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week 44.4 44.4 44.7 45.1 44.9 43.2
Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day 69.2 68.5 69.2 68.9 68.3 68.9
PERCEIVED AVAILABILITY2            
Fairly or Very Easy to Obtain            
Marijuana 59.9 60.5 62.5 63.3 65.1 66.7
Cocaine 23.6 23.6 23.4 23.0 23.0 21.4
Crack 20.6 20.1 19.5 18.9 18.5 17.6
Heroin 16.9 18.4 18.0 17.5 17.0 15.6
LSD 13.5 14.2 14.1 14.5 14.5 13.5
Approached in the Past Month by Someone Selling Drugs 5.4 5.1 5.2 5.3 4.9 4.2
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
1 Respondents with unknown Perception of Risk data were excluded from the respective analyses.
2 Respondents with unknown Perceived Availability data were excluded from the respective analyses.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2015-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.36A – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Substance Use and Perceived Availability of Substances: Among People Aged 18 to 25; Numbers in Thousands, 2015-2020
Specific Substance Risk/Availability 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
PERCEPTIONS OF GREAT RISK1            
Cigarettes            
Smoke One or More Packs Per Day 23,616 23,567 22,701 22,827 22,174 21,941
Marijuana            
Smoke Once a Month 5,248 4,623 4,180 4,038 3,928 3,900
Smoke Once or Twice a Week 6,606 5,880 5,233 5,185 4,992 4,868
Cocaine            
Use Once a Month 22,546 22,170 21,346 21,046 20,786 19,445
Use Once or Twice a Week 29,136 28,571 28,242 27,763 27,447 26,990
Heroin            
Try Once or Twice 28,516 28,360 27,951 27,723 27,392 26,271
Use Once or Twice a Week 32,468 31,987 31,805 31,332 31,039 30,631
LSD            
Try Once or Twice 19,508 18,442 17,380 16,644 15,707 14,642
Use Once or Twice a Week 26,239 25,176 24,030 23,323 22,225 21,377
Alcohol            
Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week 12,737 12,758 12,934 12,645 12,897 12,103
Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day 21,568 21,422 21,553 21,403 20,866 21,283
PERCEIVED AVAILABILITY2            
Fairly or Very Easy to Obtain            
Marijuana 24,936 25,131 25,153 24,875 24,568 24,539
Cocaine 9,030 8,915 8,893 8,866 8,679 7,981
Crack 5,916 5,417 5,214 5,081 4,985 4,668
Heroin 5,202 5,291 5,107 4,777 4,575 4,027
LSD 5,918 6,480 6,679 6,899 7,177 6,735
Approached in the Past Month by Someone Selling Drugs 5,198 4,601 4,876 4,499 3,936 3,093
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
1 Respondents with unknown Perception of Risk data were excluded from the respective analyses.
2 Respondents with unknown Perceived Availability data were excluded from the respective analyses.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2015-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.36B – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Substance Use and Perceived Availability of Substances: Among People Aged 18 to 25; Percentages, 2015-2020
Specific Substance Risk/Availability 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
PERCEPTIONS OF GREAT RISK1            
Cigarettes            
Smoke One or More Packs Per Day 68.0 68.6 66.6 67.5 66.2 66.5
Marijuana            
Smoke Once a Month 15.2 13.5 12.3 12.0 11.8 11.8
Smoke Once or Twice a Week 19.1 17.2 15.4 15.4 15.0 14.8
Cocaine            
Use Once a Month 65.3 64.8 63.0 62.7 62.6 59.3
Use Once or Twice a Week 84.3 83.6 83.3 82.6 82.6 82.2
Heroin            
Try Once or Twice 82.6 83.0 82.6 82.5 82.4 80.1
Use Once or Twice a Week 94.0 93.5 93.9 93.3 93.3 93.3
LSD            
Try Once or Twice 57.0 54.5 51.8 49.9 47.7 44.9
Use Once or Twice a Week 76.7 74.4 71.7 70.0 67.5 65.6
Alcohol            
Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week 36.7 37.1 37.9 37.5 38.6 36.7
Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day 62.1 62.3 63.2 63.4 62.4 64.6
PERCEIVED AVAILABILITY2            
Fairly or Very Easy to Obtain            
Marijuana 72.6 74.0 74.6 74.2 74.2 75.1
Cocaine 26.6 26.6 26.8 26.8 26.6 24.7
Crack 17.5 16.3 15.8 15.4 15.3 14.5
Heroin 15.4 15.9 15.4 14.5 14.0 12.5
LSD 17.6 19.5 20.2 20.9 22.1 20.9
Approached in the Past Month by Someone Selling Drugs 14.9 13.3 14.2 13.2 11.7 9.3
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
1 Respondents with unknown Perception of Risk data were excluded from the respective analyses.
2 Respondents with unknown Perceived Availability data were excluded from the respective analyses.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2015-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.37A – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Substance Use and Perceived Availability of Substances: Among People Aged 26 or Older; Numbers in Thousands, 2015-2020
Specific Substance Risk/Availability 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
PERCEPTIONS OF GREAT RISK1            
Cigarettes            
Smoke One or More Packs Per Day 152,946 153,950 154,403 156,212 156,218 154,587
Marijuana            
Smoke Once a Month 64,674 62,231 59,676 57,699 54,903 49,052
Smoke Once or Twice a Week 78,868 74,473 70,902 68,641 65,434 60,391
Cocaine            
Use Once a Month 152,913 154,381 155,906 157,367 155,233 149,936
Use Once or Twice a Week 181,024 182,669 184,787 185,845 185,088 183,140
Heroin            
Try Once or Twice 179,745 182,704 186,964 188,566 187,810 184,495
Use Once or Twice a Week 195,121 197,225 200,846 202,309 202,948 202,267
LSD            
Try Once or Twice 152,076 152,104 151,614 151,137 147,711 138,231
Use Once or Twice a Week 177,777 178,523 178,631 178,000 175,166 170,024
Alcohol            
Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week 93,879 94,903 96,627 98,593 98,260 95,092
Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day 144,803 144,754 148,204 148,335 148,542 149,756
PERCEIVED AVAILABILITY2            
Fairly or Very Easy to Obtain            
Marijuana 114,320 117,014 123,106 126,463 132,087 138,165
Cocaine 44,828 45,547 45,474 45,241 45,517 43,407
Crack 41,017 40,757 39,957 39,228 38,548 37,519
Heroin 33,392 36,990 36,576 36,164 35,459 33,348
LSD 24,821 26,086 25,923 26,894 26,829 25,690
Approached in the Past Month by Someone Selling Drugs 7,950 7,884 7,889 8,568 8,358 7,300
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
1 Respondents with unknown Perception of Risk data were excluded from the respective analyses.
2 Respondents with unknown Perceived Availability data were excluded from the respective analyses.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2015-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.37B – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Substance Use and Perceived Availability of Substances: Among People Aged 26 or Older; Percentages, 2015-2020
Specific Substance Risk/Availability 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
PERCEPTIONS OF GREAT RISK1            
Cigarettes            
Smoke One or More Packs Per Day 74.2 73.9 73.0 73.2 72.7 71.8
Marijuana            
Smoke Once a Month 31.7 30.2 28.5 27.3 25.8 22.9
Smoke Once or Twice a Week 38.7 36.1 34.0 32.5 30.8 28.2
Cocaine            
Use Once a Month 75.0 74.7 74.5 74.5 73.0 70.0
Use Once or Twice a Week 88.8 88.4 88.2 87.9 86.9 85.5
Heroin            
Try Once or Twice 88.0 88.4 89.3 89.3 88.2 86.0
Use Once or Twice a Week 95.5 95.4 95.8 95.7 95.2 94.3
LSD            
Try Once or Twice 74.8 74.2 72.9 72.0 69.9 64.9
Use Once or Twice a Week 87.5 87.0 85.9 84.8 82.9 79.8
Alcohol            
Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week 45.7 45.6 45.8 46.4 45.8 44.2
Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day 70.4 69.6 70.2 69.7 69.3 69.5
PERCEIVED AVAILABILITY2            
Fairly or Very Easy to Obtain            
Marijuana 57.7 58.3 60.5 61.5 63.6 65.4
Cocaine 23.0 23.1 22.8 22.4 22.4 20.9
Crack 21.1 20.8 20.1 19.5 19.0 18.0
Heroin 17.2 18.9 18.4 18.0 17.5 16.1
LSD 12.8 13.3 13.1 13.4 13.3 12.4
Approached in the Past Month by Someone Selling Drugs 3.8 3.8 3.7 4.0 3.9 3.4
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
1 Respondents with unknown Perception of Risk data were excluded from the respective analyses.
2 Respondents with unknown Perceived Availability data were excluded from the respective analyses.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2015-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.38A – Perceived That Parents Would Strongly Disapprove of Their Substance Use Behaviors and Strongly Disapproved or Somewhat Disapproved of Peers’ Substance Use Behaviors: Among People Aged 12 to 17; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Topics of Perception/Feelings Questions 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
YOUTH’S PERCEPTION OF PARENTS’
FEELINGS ABOUT YOUTH…		 Youths Who Felt That Parents Would Strongly Disapprove of Their Substance Use Behaviors1
Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day 21,890 22,084 22,500 22,726 22,839 22,846 22,661 22,479 22,255 22,926 22,871 22,920 22,965 22,929 23,014 23,066 22,864 23,010 23,597
Trying Marijuana Once or Twice 21,834 22,029 22,358 22,512 22,652 22,592 22,271 22,014 21,570 21,972 21,959 21,677 21,423 21,458 21,160 20,914 20,564 20,460 20,785
Using Marijuana Once a Month or More 22,536 22,747 23,127 23,203 23,319 23,177 22,859 22,602 22,119 22,574 22,448 22,209 22,028 21,999 21,782 21,655 21,415 21,188 21,663
Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage
   Nearly Every Day		 21,810 21,840 22,158 22,209 22,442 22,272 22,044 21,946 21,773 22,274 22,273 22,232 22,210 22,291 22,346 22,367 22,047 22,183 22,709
YOUTH’S FEELINGS ABOUT PEERS… Youths Who Strongly Disapproved or Somewhat Disapproved of Peers’ Substance Use Behaviors2
Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day 21,396 21,642 21,967 22,054 22,337 22,321 22,065 21,956 21,793 22,405 22,510 22,424 22,736 22,899 22,967 23,081 22,873 22,901 23,431
Trying Marijuana Once or Twice 19,525 19,762 20,079 20,225 20,474 20,521 20,211 19,873 19,553 19,724 19,816 19,509 19,516 19,731 19,619 19,391 19,117 19,244 19,657
Using Marijuana Once a Month or More 19,749 19,908 20,350 20,386 20,734 20,641 20,354 19,970 19,630 19,787 19,783 19,436 19,425 19,643 19,677 19,427 19,110 19,209 19,770
Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage
   Nearly Every Day		 20,798 20,875 21,215 21,447 21,664 21,577 21,451 21,278 21,212 21,708 21,854 21,778 22,015 22,081 22,227 22,246 22,119 22,096 22,754
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Respondents with unknown Perceptions of Parents’ Feelings data were excluded from the respective analyses.
2 Respondents with unknown Feelings about Peers data were excluded from the respective analyses.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.38B – Perceived That Parents Would Strongly Disapprove of Their Substance Use Behaviors and Strongly Disapproved or Somewhat Disapproved of Peers’ Substance Use Behaviors: Among People Aged 12 to 17; Percentages, 2002-2020
Topics of Perception/Feelings Questions 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
YOUTH’S PERCEPTION OF PARENTS’
FEELINGS ABOUT YOUTH…		 Youths Who Felt That Parents Would Strongly Disapprove of Their Substance Use Behaviors1
Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day 89.5 89.8 90.6 91.1 91.4 92.1 92.4 92.6 92.6 93.2 93.1 93.5 93.8 93.6 94.0 93.8 93.6 93.9 95.8
Trying Marijuana Once or Twice 89.1 89.4 89.8 90.2 90.4 91.0 90.7 90.5 89.6 89.3 89.3 88.4 87.5 87.6 86.5 85.1 84.3 83.5 84.6
Using Marijuana Once a Month or More 92.0 92.2 93.0 92.9 93.1 93.3 93.1 93.0 91.9 91.6 91.3 90.6 90.0 89.8 89.0 88.1 87.7 86.6 88.1
Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage
   Nearly Every Day		 89.0 88.5 89.0 88.9 89.6 89.6 89.7 90.3 90.5 90.5 90.5 90.7 90.6 90.9 91.2 91.0 90.3 90.6 92.1
YOUTH’S FEELINGS ABOUT PEERS… Youths Who Strongly Disapproved or Somewhat Disapproved of Peers’ Substance Use Behaviors2
Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day 87.1 87.6 88.1 88.2 89.1 89.8 89.7 90.3 90.5 91.0 91.4 91.4 92.5 93.4 93.6 93.8 93.4 93.5 95.0
Trying Marijuana Once or Twice 79.5 80.0 80.6 80.8 81.7 82.5 82.2 81.7 81.3 80.0 80.5 79.5 79.5 80.4 80.0 78.8 78.2 78.6 79.7
Using Marijuana Once a Month or More 80.4 80.6 81.6 81.4 82.7 82.9 82.7 82.1 81.5 80.3 80.3 79.2 79.2 80.1 80.2 79.0 78.2 78.5 80.1
Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage
   Nearly Every Day		 84.7 84.4 85.0 85.6 86.4 86.6 87.1 87.5 88.1 88.1 88.7 88.7 89.7 90.1 90.6 90.4 90.4 90.2 92.3
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Respondents with unknown Perceptions of Parents’ Feelings data were excluded from the respective analyses.
2 Respondents with unknown Feelings about Peers data were excluded from the respective analyses.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.39A – Participated in a Substance Use Program or Exposed to Substance Use Prevention Message in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Prevention Program/Messages 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Participated in Alcohol, Tobacco, or Drug Prevention
   Program Outside of School		 3,134 3,455 3,070 2,946 2,885 2,841 2,742 2,944 2,774 2,894 2,949 2,840 2,735 2,777 2,796 2,607 2,653 2,580 2,288
Participated in Program or Meeting to Help Deal
   with Drug or Alcohol Use		 1,347 1,476 1,358 1,341 1,226 1,192 1,090 1,000 1,002 983 1,015 892 1,003 902 911 824 888 809 789
Saw or Heard Alcohol or Drug Prevention Message
   from Sources Outside School		 20,483 20,757 20,762 20,365 19,928 19,407 19,179 18,711 18,243 18,489 18,712 17,792 17,849 17,925 17,740 17,505 17,212 17,189 17,939
Saw or Heard Drug or Alcohol Prevention Messages
   in School among Youths Enrolled in School1		 17,599 17,424 17,794 18,191 17,884 17,604 17,534 17,126 17,170 17,294 17,425 16,909 16,857 16,976 16,828 16,506 16,443 16,502 16,808
Talked to Parents about Dangers of Tobacco,
   Alcohol, or Drug Use		 14,255 14,566 15,063 15,002 15,012 14,827 14,416 14,090 13,916 14,224 14,338 13,565 13,728 13,987 13,715 13,753 13,906 14,211 14,589
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
NOTE: Respondents with unknown Substance Use Program Participation or Prevention Message Exposure data were excluded from the respective analyses.
1 Youths who did not report their school enrollment status or reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months were excluded from this analysis. Youths reporting that they were “home-schooled” in the past 12 months were considered to be enrolled in school.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.39B – Participated in a Substance Use Program or Exposed to Substance Use Prevention Message in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; Percentages, 2002-2020
Prevention Program/Messages 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Participated in Alcohol, Tobacco, or Drug Prevention
   Program Outside of School		 12.7 13.9 12.2 11.7 11.4 11.4 11.1 12.1 11.5 11.7 11.9 11.5 11.1 11.3 11.4 10.6 10.8 10.5 9.3
Participated in Program or Meeting to Help Deal
   with Drug or Alcohol Use		 5.5 6.0 5.4 5.3 4.9 4.8 4.4 4.1 4.2 4.0 4.1 3.6 4.1 3.7 3.7 3.4 3.6 3.3 3.2
Saw or Heard Alcohol or Drug Prevention Message
   from Sources Outside School		 83.2 83.6 83.0 81.1 79.3 77.8 77.9 76.9 75.9 75.1 75.9 72.6 72.9 73.3 72.7 71.6 70.5 70.6 73.1
Saw or Heard Drug or Alcohol Prevention Messages
   in School among Youths Enrolled in School1		 78.8 78.1 78.2 77.9 76.9 75.8 76.1 75.2 75.7 74.6 75.0 73.5 73.0 72.7 71.8 70.4 70.7 70.8 70.9
Talked to Parents about Dangers of Tobacco,
   Alcohol, or Drug Use		 58.1 58.9 60.3 59.8 59.8 59.6 58.6 58.1 58.0 57.8 58.3 55.5 56.2 57.2 56.3 56.3 57.0 58.4 59.6
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
NOTE: Respondents with unknown Substance Use Program Participation or Prevention Message Exposure data were excluded from the respective analyses.
1 Youths who did not report their school enrollment status or reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months were excluded from this analysis. Youths reporting that they were “home-schooled” in the past 12 months were considered to be enrolled in school.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.40A – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use: Among People Aged 12 or Older; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Marijuana 2,196 1,973 2,142 2,114 2,061 2,089 2,224 2,379 2,439 2,617 2,398 2,427 2,568 2,600 2,582 3,033 3,061 3,478 2,839
Cocaine 1,032 986 998 872 977 906 724 623 642 670 639 601 766 968 1,085 1,037 874 671 489
Crack 337 269 215 230 243 353 209 95 83 76 84 58 109 37 88 83 101 92 53
Heroin 117 92 118 108 90 106 116 187 142 178 156 169 212 135 170 81 117 50 103
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,160 1,178 1,194 1,116 1,221 1,413
LSD 338 200 235 243 265 271 400 341 381 358 421 482 586 664 844 794 778 883 859
PCP 123 105 106 77 70 58 53 45 46 48 90 32 41 42 43 23 14 30 52
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 839 757 787 722 744 632
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 600 526 575 576 730 678
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 225 192 195 205 184 153
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Pain Relievers1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 2,126 2,139 2,010 1,908 1,607 1,223
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,260 1,374 1,192 1,001 901 734
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,437 1,374 1,446 1,210 949 950
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 425 294 271 251 239 343
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
CIGARETTES 1,940 1,983 2,122 2,282 2,456 2,231 2,453 2,545 2,403 2,394 2,336 2,071 2,164 1,956 1,782 1,898 1,825 1,595 1,264
Daily Cigarette Use 1,016 1,064 1,101 965 1,049 983 945 1,136 962 878 778 813 756 622 620 608 495 488 458
SMOKELESS TOBACCO nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,335 1,157 1,013 918 1,041 653
CIGARS 2,858 2,736 3,058 3,349 3,061 3,078 2,918 3,146 2,950 2,800 2,664 2,770 2,597 2,569 2,359 2,338 2,274 2,114 1,502
ALCOHOL 3,942 4,082 4,396 4,274 4,378 4,551 4,466 4,561 4,675 4,699 4,589 4,559 4,655 4,761 4,639 4,914 4,878 4,879 4,076
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
NOTE: Methodological limitations preclude the estimation of past year initiates for aggregate substance use categories having at least one prescription psychotherapeutic, including categories for overall illicit drugs, misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics, tranquilizers or sedatives, opioids, and illicit drugs other than marijuana (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and later years.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.40B – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use: Among People Aged 12 or Older; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Marijuana 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.0
Cocaine 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2
Crack 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Heroin 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5
LSD 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
PCP 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Pain Relievers1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.4
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
CIGARETTES 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5
Daily Cigarette Use 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
SMOKELESS TOBACCO nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.2
CIGARS 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.5
ALCOHOL 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.5
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
NOTE: Methodological limitations preclude the estimation of past year initiates for aggregate substance use categories having at least one prescription psychotherapeutic, including categories for overall illicit drugs, misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics, tranquilizers or sedatives, opioids, and illicit drugs other than marijuana (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and later years.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.41A – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use: Among People Aged 12 to 17; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Marijuana 1,373 1,219 1,252 1,139 1,194 1,168 1,248 1,343 1,274 1,375 1,255 1,200 1,203 1,169 1,197 1,204 1,339 1,351 1,029
Cocaine 310 282 274 286 260 254 196 145 156 146 120 94 117 112 107 98 74 59 82
Crack 86 76 42 32 41 52 17 18 14 19 18 10 11 * 6 9 4 11 2
Heroin 39 25 31 18 24 16 29 19 23 38 21 21 13 11 8 9 7 * *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 340 319 344 234 281 251
LSD 180 96 99 105 76 97 147 106 100 123 125 122 165 206 160 188 142 205 167
PCP 77 59 43 55 43 38 37 26 22 29 45 19 17 34 12 13 5 16 *
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 168 143 146 105 116 78
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 349 262 289 308 381 360
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 24 16 27 31 25 6
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Pain Relievers1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 415 423 316 310 245 158
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 276 244 217 181 238 116
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 210 228 223 215 185 103
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 46 55 34 36 23 18
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
CIGARETTES 1,187 1,226 1,294 1,303 1,333 1,198 1,288 1,273 1,205 1,165 1,032 932 838 823 723 604 571 541 385
Daily Cigarette Use 403 439 417 334 386 333 277 313 286 268 197 209 165 119 105 86 63 74 42
SMOKELESS TOBACCO nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 460 353 397 307 337 167
CIGARS 1,113 1,163 1,246 1,270 1,217 1,145 1,120 1,085 940 969 849 730 797 671 575 599 493 442 373
ALCOHOL 2,588 2,593 2,743 2,749 2,706 2,698 2,568 2,662 2,476 2,622 2,448 2,417 2,335 2,358 2,293 2,332 2,380 2,259 1,817
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
NOTE: Methodological limitations preclude the estimation of past year initiates for aggregate substance use categories having at least one prescription psychotherapeutic, including categories for overall illicit drugs, misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics, tranquilizers or sedatives, opioids, and illicit drugs other than marijuana (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and later years.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.41B – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use: Among People Aged 12 to 17; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Marijuana 5.5 4.9 5.0 4.5 4.7 4.6 5.0 5.5 5.2 5.5 5.0 4.8 4.8 4.7 4.8 4.8 5.4 5.4 4.1
Cocaine 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3
Crack 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Heroin 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.4 1.3 1.4 0.9 1.1 1.0
LSD 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.7
PCP 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 *
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.3
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.5 1.4
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Pain Relievers1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.7 1.7 1.3 1.2 1.0 0.6
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.7 1.0 0.5
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.4
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
CIGARETTES 4.8 4.9 5.1 5.1 5.2 4.7 5.2 5.2 4.9 4.7 4.1 3.7 3.4 3.3 2.9 2.4 2.3 2.2 1.5
Daily Cigarette Use 1.6 1.8 1.7 1.3 1.5 1.3 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.1 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2
SMOKELESS TOBACCO nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.8 1.4 1.6 1.2 1.4 0.7
CIGARS 4.5 4.7 4.9 5.0 4.8 4.5 4.5 4.4 3.9 3.9 3.4 2.9 3.2 2.7 2.3 2.4 2.0 1.8 1.5
ALCOHOL 10.5 10.4 10.9 10.8 10.7 10.7 10.3 10.8 10.2 10.5 9.8 9.7 9.4 9.5 9.2 9.3 9.6 9.1 7.3
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
NOTE: Methodological limitations preclude the estimation of past year initiates for aggregate substance use categories having at least one prescription psychotherapeutic, including categories for overall illicit drugs, misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics, tranquilizers or sedatives, opioids, and illicit drugs other than marijuana (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and later years.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.42A – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use: Among People Aged 18 or Older; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Marijuana 823 754 890 975 868 921 976 1,036 1,165 1,242 1,143 1,227 1,365 1,431 1,385 1,829 1,722 2,127 1,810
Cocaine 721 704 724 586 718 652 527 478 486 523 519 507 649 856 978 939 799 612 407
Crack 251 193 173 197 202 300 191 77 69 57 66 47 98 37 82 73 97 80 51
Heroin 78 67 87 90 65 90 86 167 119 140 135 148 198 124 162 72 110 50 103
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 819 860 850 882 940 1,161
LSD 158 104 136 138 189 174 253 234 280 235 296 360 421 458 684 606 636 678 692
PCP 46 46 63 22 27 19 16 19 25 19 45 13 24 * 31 * * 15 52
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 671 614 641 617 629 555
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 250 264 286 269 349 318
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 201 176 168 174 159 147
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Pain Relievers1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,710 1,716 1,694 1,598 1,362 1,064
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 984 1,130 975 820 663 618
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,227 1,146 1,222 995 764 847
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 379 239 237 216 216 325
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
CIGARETTES 753 757 829 979 1,124 1,033 1,165 1,271 1,198 1,229 1,304 1,139 1,325 1,133 1,059 1,293 1,254 1,054 879
Daily Cigarette Use 612 625 684 631 664 650 668 822 676 610 580 605 592 503 514 522 433 415 416
SMOKELESS TOBACCO nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 875 804 615 611 704 485
CIGARS 1,745 1,572 1,813 2,079 1,845 1,933 1,797 2,061 2,010 1,831 1,815 2,040 1,800 1,898 1,784 1,739 1,781 1,673 1,129
ALCOHOL 1,354 1,490 1,653 1,525 1,673 1,853 1,898 1,899 2,199 2,077 2,141 2,142 2,320 2,403 2,346 2,583 2,498 2,620 2,260
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
NOTE: Methodological limitations preclude the estimation of past year initiates for aggregate substance use categories having at least one prescription psychotherapeutic, including categories for overall illicit drugs, misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics, tranquilizers or sedatives, opioids, and illicit drugs other than marijuana (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and later years.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.42B – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use: Among People Aged 18 or Older; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Marijuana 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7
Cocaine 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2
Crack 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Heroin 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5
LSD 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3
PCP 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 * * 0.0 0.0
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Pain Relievers1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
CIGARETTES 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.3
Daily Cigarette Use 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
SMOKELESS TOBACCO nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2
CIGARS 0.8 0.7 0.8 1.0 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.4
ALCOHOL 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
NOTE: Methodological limitations preclude the estimation of past year initiates for aggregate substance use categories having at least one prescription psychotherapeutic, including categories for overall illicit drugs, misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics, tranquilizers or sedatives, opioids, and illicit drugs other than marijuana (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and later years.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.43A – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use: Among People Aged 18 to 25; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Marijuana 733 666 714 723 742 787 817 988 918 1,060 966 1,017 1,094 1,048 1,013 1,304 1,197 1,240 1,146
Cocaine 594 576 592 498 570 541 426 397 372 467 443 432 501 663 766 729 616 476 341
Crack 100 109 120 142 132 88 91 62 39 40 49 25 54 37 48 21 36 17 29
Heroin 66 42 46 57 56 70 58 83 83 100 95 66 75 57 82 46 35 19 12
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 670 725 683 632 681 785
LSD 142 98 112 114 162 171 235 228 261 222 264 312 371 387 567 487 468 460 521
PCP 46 41 49 22 27 19 16 17 24 18 28 13 24 8 9 9 8 15 45
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 531 460 507 460 448 309
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 188 184 212 210 250 201
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 91 79 95 68 63 51
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Pain Relievers1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 596 585 465 464 404 290
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 600 617 581 517 364 294
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 489 617 473 434 329 290
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 86 75 51 73 39 77
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
CIGARETTES 641 659 765 848 1,041 989 1,076 1,147 1,120 1,156 1,204 1,031 1,181 1,050 978 1,151 1,141 964 752
Daily Cigarette Use 447 474 566 493 554 566 549 618 599 525 488 505 479 403 363 393 353 235 248
SMOKELESS TOBACCO nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 517 452 398 414 424 375
CIGARS 1,031 1,055 1,199 1,332 1,275 1,379 1,277 1,417 1,388 1,238 1,291 1,334 1,311 1,281 1,226 1,118 1,246 1,154 678
ALCOHOL 1,230 1,430 1,484 1,421 1,612 1,741 1,706 1,775 2,008 1,971 1,945 2,056 2,225 2,203 2,191 2,440 2,436 2,415 2,084
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
NOTE: Methodological limitations preclude the estimation of past year initiates for aggregate substance use categories having at least one prescription psychotherapeutic, including categories for overall illicit drugs, misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics, tranquilizers or sedatives, opioids, and illicit drugs other than marijuana (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and later years.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.43B – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use: Among People Aged 18 to 25; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Marijuana 2.4 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.9 2.7 3.1 2.8 2.9 3.1 3.0 2.9 3.8 3.5 3.7 3.4
Cocaine 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.9 2.2 2.1 1.8 1.4 1.0
Crack 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Heroin 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.9 2.1 2.0 1.9 2.0 2.3
LSD 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.6
PCP 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.3 0.9
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Pain Relievers1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.7 1.7 1.4 1.4 1.2 0.9
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.5 1.1 0.9
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.4 1.8 1.4 1.3 1.0 0.9
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
CIGARETTES 2.1 2.1 2.4 2.6 3.2 3.0 3.3 3.4 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.0 3.4 3.0 2.8 3.4 3.4 2.9 2.2
Daily Cigarette Use 1.4 1.5 1.8 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 0.7 0.7
SMOKELESS TOBACCO nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.1
CIGARS 3.3 3.3 3.7 4.1 3.9 4.2 3.9 4.2 4.1 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.5 3.3 3.7 3.4 2.0
ALCOHOL 4.0 4.5 4.6 4.4 4.9 5.3 5.2 5.3 5.9 5.7 5.6 5.9 6.4 6.3 6.3 7.1 7.2 7.2 6.2
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
NOTE: Methodological limitations preclude the estimation of past year initiates for aggregate substance use categories having at least one prescription psychotherapeutic, including categories for overall illicit drugs, misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics, tranquilizers or sedatives, opioids, and illicit drugs other than marijuana (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and later years.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.44A – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use: Among People Aged 26 or Older; Numbers in Thousands, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Marijuana 90 88 176 252 126 134 159 49 247 182 177 210 271 383 372 525 525 887 664
Cocaine 127 128 133 87 147 112 102 81 114 56 76 75 148 193 213 210 184 135 66
Crack 151 83 53 55 70 212 101 15 30 17 17 23 44 * 34 52 61 63 23
Heroin 12 25 40 33 9 20 28 85 37 40 40 82 124 68 80 26 75 31 91
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 150 134 167 250 259 376
LSD 16 * 24 24 28 * 18 * 20 13 33 48 50 71 117 120 169 219 171
PCP * * 14 * * * * * * * 17 * * * 22 * * * *
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 141 154 134 157 180 245
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 62 80 75 58 99 117
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 110 97 73 106 96 97
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Pain Relievers1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 1,114 1,130 1,229 1,134 958 774
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 384 513 394 302 299 324
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 738 530 749 560 435 557
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 293 164 186 143 176 249
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
CIGARETTES 111 98 63 131 83 45 89 124 78 73 101 108 144 84 81 142 113 90 127
Daily Cigarette Use 166 150 118 137 109 84 119 204 77 85 92 99 113 100 152 130 80 180 168
SMOKELESS TOBACCO nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 358 352 218 197 280 110
CIGARS 714 518 614 747 570 555 521 644 622 593 524 706 489 617 558 622 535 518 450
ALCOHOL 124 60 169 105 60 112 193 124 191 106 196 85 95 200 156 143 63 205 176
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
NOTE: Methodological limitations preclude the estimation of past year initiates for aggregate substance use categories having at least one prescription psychotherapeutic, including categories for overall illicit drugs, misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics, tranquilizers or sedatives, opioids, and illicit drugs other than marijuana (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and later years.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.44B – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use: Among People Aged 26 or Older; Percentages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Marijuana 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.3
Cocaine 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0
Crack 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Heroin 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2
LSD 0.0 * 0.0 0.0 0.0 * 0.0 * 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
PCP * * 0.0 * * * * * * * 0.0 * * * 0.0 * * * *
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Pain Relievers1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
CIGARETTES 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1
Daily Cigarette Use 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1
SMOKELESS TOBACCO nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
CIGARS 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2
ALCOHOL 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
NOTE: Methodological limitations preclude the estimation of past year initiates for aggregate substance use categories having at least one prescription psychotherapeutic, including categories for overall illicit drugs, misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics, tranquilizers or sedatives, opioids, and illicit drugs other than marijuana (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and later years.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.45B – Mean Age at First Substance Use: Among Past Year Initiates Aged 12 to 49; Averages, 2002-2020
Substance 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Marijuana 17.0 16.8 17.1 17.4 17.4 17.6 17.8 17.0 18.4 17.5 17.9 18.0 18.5 19.0 19.3 19.7 19.3 20.6 20.2
Cocaine 19.8 19.8 20.0 19.7 20.3 20.2 19.8 19.9 21.2 20.1 20.0 20.4 21.8 21.5 21.8 21.8 21.9 22.4 21.8
Crack 25.0 21.8 21.9 23.4 22.8 29.6 27.1 20.6 24.8 20.8 20.5 24.4 26.4 21.3 25.0 25.9 27.7 27.2 26.6
Heroin 21.0 20.9 24.4 22.2 20.7 21.8 23.5 25.3 21.4 22.1 23.0 24.5 28.0 25.4 25.5 23.2 30.1 28.5 *
Hallucinogens nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 19.6 19.6 20.2 21.3 21.5 22.3
LSD 17.4 17.2 18.4 18.3 19.4 18.2 18.4 18.3 19.0 18.6 19.0 19.7 19.7 19.6 20.6 20.5 21.5 21.2 21.9
PCP 16.0 17.4 18.9 16.5 16.3 16.4 15.9 16.8 17.6 17.8 16.6 17.1 17.7 15.3 19.6 17.5 * 18.0 *
Ecstasy nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 20.7 21.4 21.5 21.9 22.0 25.3
Inhalants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 17.4 18.2 18.9 18.0 18.4 18.6
Methamphetamine nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 25.8 24.6 23.3 25.8 25.6 31.3
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Pain Relievers1 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 25.8 24.4 27.3 26.6 27.5 27.4
Stimulants nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 22.3 24.3 23.6 22.7 22.8 24.9
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 25.9 23.9 25.2 23.6 24.1 25.8
Sedatives nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 28.3 24.8 27.3 25.0 27.5 29.2
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Opioids nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana2 nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nr nr nr nr nr nr
CIGARETTES 16.9 16.9 16.7 17.3 17.1 16.9 17.4 17.5 17.3 17.2 17.8 17.8 18.6 17.9 18.0 18.8 18.6 18.5 19.4
Daily Cigarette Use 19.9 19.8 18.8 19.7 18.9 19.2 20.1 20.7 19.1 19.1 19.9 19.8 20.6 20.9 22.0 21.4 20.5 23.6 22.2
SMOKELESS TOBACCO nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc 21.3 20.4 19.8 20.4 20.7 20.5
CIGARS 21.8 20.3 20.2 21.2 19.9 20.5 20.0 20.7 20.5 19.6 20.5 21.6 20.4 20.9 20.9 21.7 21.5 21.4 22.0
ALCOHOL 16.6 16.4 16.4 16.4 16.6 16.8 17.0 16.9 17.1 17.1 17.4 17.3 17.3 17.6 17.4 17.6 17.4 17.7 17.7
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
NOTE: Methodological limitations preclude the estimation of past year initiates for aggregate substance use categories having at least one prescription psychotherapeutic, including categories for overall illicit drugs, misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics, tranquilizers or sedatives, opioids, and illicit drugs other than marijuana (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Prescription psychotherapeutic subtypes were revised in 2016; one effect was the comparability of codeine products between 2015 and later years.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.46A – Received Substance Use Treatment at Any Location in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 or Older; by Age Group, Numbers in Thousands, 2015-2020
Substance for Which Treatment
Was Received/Age Group		 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS 2,288 2,181 2,448 2,097 2,312 2,455
12-17 141 121 143 130 118 106
18 or Older 2,147 2,061 2,305 1,967 2,194 2,349
18-25 469 418 442 311 369 277
26 or Older 1,678 1,643 1,864 1,656 1,824 2,071
ALCOHOL 2,245 2,301 2,463 2,342 2,530 2,020
12-17 94 93 95 73 66 91
18 or Older 2,152 2,207 2,369 2,269 2,464 1,929
18-25 387 347 354 314 339 290
26 or Older 1,764 1,860 2,014 1,955 2,126 1,639
ILLICIT DRUGS OR ALCOHOL1 3,679 3,755 4,010 3,723 4,184 4,009
12-17 198 180 184 159 172 169
18 or Older 3,481 3,575 3,826 3,564 4,012 3,840
18-25 669 624 641 547 578 445
26 or Older 2,812 2,950 3,185 3,018 3,434 3,395
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Received Substance Use Treatment includes treatment received at any location, such as a hospital (inpatient), rehabilitation facility (inpatient or outpatient), mental health center, emergency room, private doctor’s office, self-help group, or prison/jail.
1 Estimates include people who received treatment specifically for illicit drugs or alcohol, as well as people who received treatment for unspecified substance(s).
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2015-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.46B – Received Substance Use Treatment at Any Location in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 or Older; by Age Group, Percentages, 2015-2020
Substance for Which Treatment
Was Received/Age Group		 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9
12-17 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4
18 or Older 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9
18-25 1.3 1.2 1.3 0.9 1.1 0.8
26 or Older 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9
ALCOHOL 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.7
12-17 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4
18 or Older 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.8
18-25 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9
26 or Older 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.8
ILLICIT DRUGS OR ALCOHOL1 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.4
12-17 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7
18 or Older 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.5
18-25 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.6 1.7 1.3
26 or Older 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.6
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Received Substance Use Treatment includes treatment received at any location, such as a hospital (inpatient), rehabilitation facility (inpatient or outpatient), mental health center, emergency room, private doctor’s office, self-help group, or prison/jail.
1 Estimates include people who received treatment specifically for illicit drugs or alcohol, as well as people who received treatment for unspecified substance(s).
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2015-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.47A – Received Specific Substance Use Treatment at Any Location in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 or Older Who Received Treatment for Substance Use at Any Location in Past Year; by Age Group, Numbers in Thousands, 2015-2020
Substance for Which Treatment
Was Received/Age Group		 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS 2,288 2,181 2,448 2,097 2,312 2,455
12-17 141 121 143 * * *
18 or Older 2,147 2,061 2,305 1,967 2,194 2,349
18-25 469 418 442 311 369 *
26 or Older 1,678 1,643 1,864 1,656 1,824 2,071
ALCOHOL 2,245 2,301 2,463 2,342 2,530 2,020
12-17 94 93 95 * 66 *
18 or Older 2,152 2,207 2,369 2,269 2,464 1,929
18-25 387 347 354 314 339 *
26 or Older 1,764 1,860 2,014 1,955 2,126 1,639
BOTH ILLICIT DRUGS AND
ALCOHOL		 1,191 1,146 1,193 1,076 1,175 866
12-17 70 72 77 * 62 *
18 or Older 1,121 1,074 1,116 1,014 1,113 816
18-25 249 205 210 161 217 *
26 or Older 872 869 907 853 896 660
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Received Substance Use Treatment includes treatment received at any location, such as a hospital (inpatient), rehabilitation facility (inpatient or outpatient), mental health center, emergency room, private doctor’s office, self-help group, or prison/jail.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2015-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.47B – Received Specific Substance Use Treatment at Any Location in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 or Older Who Received Treatment for Substance Use at Any Location in Past Year; by Age Group, Percentages, 2015-2020
Substance for Which Treatment
Was Received/Age Group		 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS 62.2 58.1 61.1 56.3 55.3 61.2
12-17 71.4 67.1 77.8 * * *
18 or Older 61.7 57.6 60.3 55.2 54.7 61.2
18-25 70.0 66.9 68.9 57.0 63.9 *
26 or Older 59.7 55.7 58.5 54.9 53.1 61.0
ALCOHOL 61.0 61.3 61.4 62.9 60.5 50.4
12-17 47.4 51.8 51.4 * 38.5 *
18 or Older 61.8 61.8 61.9 63.7 61.4 50.2
18-25 57.9 55.6 55.3 57.5 58.6 *
26 or Older 62.7 63.0 63.2 64.8 61.9 48.3
BOTH ILLICIT DRUGS AND
ALCOHOL		 32.4 30.5 29.8 28.9 28.1 21.6
12-17 35.4 39.9 41.7 * 36.0 *
18 or Older 32.2 30.0 29.2 28.4 27.7 21.2
18-25 37.2 32.8 32.7 29.4 37.5 *
26 or Older 31.0 29.5 28.5 28.3 26.1 19.4
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Received Substance Use Treatment includes treatment received at any location, such as a hospital (inpatient), rehabilitation facility (inpatient or outpatient), mental health center, emergency room, private doctor’s office, self-help group, or prison/jail.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2015-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.48A – Locations of Illicit Drug Use Treatment in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 or Older Who Received Illicit Drug Use Treatment in Past Year; Numbers in Thousands, 2015-2020
Location of Treatment1 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
TOTAL POPULATION 2,288 2,181 2,448 2,097 2,312 2,455
Hospital - Inpatient 445 359 519 436 406 414
Rehabilitation Facility - Inpatient 637 497 614 513 578 704
Rehabilitation Facility - Outpatient 1,097 940 1,226 1,008 1,156 1,279
Mental Health Center - Outpatient 665 691 747 670 826 987
Emergency Room 216 232 304 271 292 *
Private Doctor’s Office 419 501 688 539 528 607
Self-Help Group 1,152 929 1,204 949 1,114 1,056
Prison/Jail 192 156 264 178 171 115
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Received Illicit Drug Use Treatment includes treatment received at any location, such as a hospital (inpatient), rehabilitation facility (inpatient or outpatient), mental health center, emergency room, private doctor’s office, self-help group, or prison/jail.
1 Respondents could indicate multiple locations of treatment; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. Questions on virtual substance use treatment were added in Quarter 4 of 2020. Virtual substance use treatment is not included as a separate treatment location in this table. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2015-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.48B – Locations of Illicit Drug Use Treatment in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 or Older Who Received Illicit Drug Use Treatment in Past Year; Percentages, 2015-2020
Location of Treatment1 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
TOTAL POPULATION 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Hospital - Inpatient 19.5 16.5 21.2 20.8 17.6 16.8
Rehabilitation Facility - Inpatient 27.8 22.8 25.1 24.5 25.0 28.7
Rehabilitation Facility - Outpatient 48.0 43.1 50.1 48.1 50.0 52.1
Mental Health Center - Outpatient 29.1 31.7 30.5 31.9 35.7 40.2
Emergency Room 9.4 10.6 12.4 12.9 12.7 *
Private Doctor’s Office 18.3 23.0 28.1 25.7 22.8 24.7
Self-Help Group 50.3 42.6 49.2 45.2 48.2 43.0
Prison/Jail 8.4 7.1 10.8 8.5 7.4 4.7
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Received Illicit Drug Use Treatment includes treatment received at any location, such as a hospital (inpatient), rehabilitation facility (inpatient or outpatient), mental health center, emergency room, private doctor’s office, self-help group, or prison/jail.
1 Respondents could indicate multiple locations of treatment; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. Questions on virtual substance use treatment were added in Quarter 4 of 2020. Virtual substance use treatment is not included as a separate treatment location in this table. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2015-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.49A – Locations of Alcohol Use Treatment in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 or Older Who Received Alcohol Use Treatment in Past Year; Numbers in Thousands, 2015-2020
Location of Treatment1 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
TOTAL POPULATION 2,245 2,301 2,463 2,342 2,530 2,020
Hospital - Inpatient 452 524 557 555 377 466
Rehabilitation Facility - Inpatient 631 589 541 636 541 603
Rehabilitation Facility - Outpatient 751 744 784 934 875 714
Mental Health Center - Outpatient 598 540 584 717 727 590
Emergency Room 253 303 331 320 244 351
Private Doctor’s Office 309 417 433 518 485 460
Self-Help Group 1,291 1,211 1,445 1,393 1,318 1,125
Prison/Jail 157 150 197 148 135 75
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Received Alcohol Use Treatment includes treatment received at any location, such as a hospital (inpatient), rehabilitation facility (inpatient or outpatient), mental health center, emergency room, private doctor’s office, self-help group, or prison/jail.
1 Respondents could indicate multiple locations of treatment; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. Questions on virtual substance use treatment were added in Quarter 4 of 2020. Virtual substance use treatment is not included as a separate treatment location in this table. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2015-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.49B – Locations of Alcohol Use Treatment in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 or Older Who Received Alcohol Use Treatment in Past Year; Percentages, 2015-2020
Location of Treatment1 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
TOTAL POPULATION 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Hospital - Inpatient 20.1 22.8 22.6 23.7 14.9 23.1
Rehabilitation Facility - Inpatient 28.1 25.6 22.0 27.2 21.4 29.9
Rehabilitation Facility - Outpatient 33.5 32.3 31.8 39.9 34.6 35.3
Mental Health Center - Outpatient 26.6 23.5 23.7 30.6 28.7 29.2
Emergency Room 11.3 13.2 13.4 13.7 9.6 17.4
Private Doctor’s Office 13.8 18.1 17.6 22.1 19.2 22.8
Self-Help Group 57.5 52.6 58.7 59.5 52.1 55.7
Prison/Jail 7.0 6.5 8.0 6.3 5.3 3.7
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Received Alcohol Use Treatment includes treatment received at any location, such as a hospital (inpatient), rehabilitation facility (inpatient or outpatient), mental health center, emergency room, private doctor’s office, self-help group, or prison/jail.
1 Respondents could indicate multiple locations of treatment; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. Questions on virtual substance use treatment were added in Quarter 4 of 2020. Virtual substance use treatment is not included as a separate treatment location in this table. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2015-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.50A – Locations of Substance Use Treatment in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 or Older Who Received Substance Use Treatment in Past Year; Numbers in Thousands, 2015-2020
Location of Treatment1 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
TOTAL POPULATION 3,679 3,755 4,010 3,723 4,184 4,009
Hospital - Inpatient 702 732 844 834 642 801
Rehabilitation Facility - Inpatient 974 918 911 961 1,004 1,101
Rehabilitation Facility - Outpatient 1,524 1,446 1,644 1,629 1,747 1,788
Mental Health Center - Outpatient 1,093 1,054 1,157 1,173 1,320 1,422
Emergency Room 453 530 573 538 514 732
Private Doctor’s Office 686 883 961 943 948 1,053
Self-Help Group 1,948 1,808 2,098 1,917 2,065 1,843
Prison/Jail 288 252 360 265 254 181
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Received Substance Use Treatment includes treatment received at any location, such as a hospital (inpatient), rehabilitation facility (inpatient or outpatient), mental health center, emergency room, private doctor’s office, self-help group, or prison/jail.
1 Respondents could indicate multiple locations of treatment; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. Questions on virtual substance use treatment were added in Quarter 4 of 2020. Virtual substance use treatment is not included as a separate treatment location in this table. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2015-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.50B – Locations of Substance Use Treatment in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 or Older Who Received Substance Use Treatment in Past Year; Percentages, 2015-2020
Location of Treatment1 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
TOTAL POPULATION 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Hospital - Inpatient 19.1 19.5 21.0 22.4 15.3 20.0
Rehabilitation Facility - Inpatient 26.5 24.5 22.7 25.8 24.0 27.5
Rehabilitation Facility - Outpatient 41.4 38.5 41.0 43.8 41.8 44.6
Mental Health Center - Outpatient 29.7 28.1 28.9 31.5 31.5 35.5
Emergency Room 12.3 14.1 14.3 14.4 12.3 18.3
Private Doctor’s Office 18.7 23.5 24.0 25.3 22.6 26.3
Self-Help Group 53.0 48.2 52.3 51.5 49.4 46.0
Prison/Jail 7.8 6.7 9.0 7.1 6.1 4.5
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Received Substance Use Treatment includes treatment received at any location, such as a hospital (inpatient), rehabilitation facility (inpatient or outpatient), mental health center, emergency room, private doctor’s office, self-help group, or prison/jail.
1 Respondents could indicate multiple locations of treatment; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. Questions on virtual substance use treatment were added in Quarter 4 of 2020. Virtual substance use treatment is not included as a separate treatment location in this table. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2015-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.51A – Received Substance Use Treatment at a Specialty Facility in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 or Older; by Age Group, Numbers in Thousands, 2015-2020
Substance for Which Treatment
Was Received/Age Group		 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS 1,541 1,406 1,674 1,392 1,624 1,918
12-17 63 64 56 80 53 30
18 or Older 1,478 1,343 1,618 1,312 1,572 1,888
18-25 296 259 319 201 231 183
26 or Older 1,182 1,084 1,299 1,111 1,341 1,705
ALCOHOL 1,352 1,208 1,362 1,387 1,444 1,098
12-17 37 48 39 26 19 30
18 or Older 1,315 1,160 1,323 1,361 1,425 1,069
18-25 210 175 214 180 186 174
26 or Older 1,105 985 1,109 1,181 1,239 895
ILLICIT DRUGS OR ALCOHOL1 2,346 2,229 2,530 2,359 2,640 2,685
12-17 80 89 91 83 68 55
18 or Older 2,266 2,140 2,440 2,276 2,572 2,630
18-25 417 383 441 331 357 301
26 or Older 1,849 1,756 1,999 1,946 2,214 2,329
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Specialty facilities for substance use treatment include hospitals (inpatient only), rehabilitation facilities (inpatient or outpatient), or mental health centers. Questions on virtual substance use treatment were added in Quarter 4 of 2020. Estimates in this table do not include data from these questions. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
1 Estimates include people who received treatment specifically for illicit drugs or alcohol, as well as people who received treatment for unspecified substance(s).
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2015-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.51B – Received Substance Use Treatment at a Specialty Facility in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 or Older; by Age Group, Percentages, 2015-2020
Substance for Which Treatment
Was Received/Age Group		 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.7
12-17 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1
18 or Older 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.7
18-25 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.6 0.7 0.5
26 or Older 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.8
ALCOHOL 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4
12-17 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1
18 or Older 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.4
18-25 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5
26 or Older 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.4
ILLICIT DRUGS OR ALCOHOL1 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0
12-17 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2
18 or Older 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0
18-25 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.0 1.1 0.9
26 or Older 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Specialty facilities for substance use treatment include hospitals (inpatient only), rehabilitation facilities (inpatient or outpatient), or mental health centers. Questions on virtual substance use treatment were added in Quarter 4 of 2020. Estimates in this table do not include data from these questions. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
1 Estimates include people who received treatment specifically for illicit drugs or alcohol, as well as people who received treatment for unspecified substance(s).
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2015-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.52A – Received Specific Substance Use Treatment at a Specialty Facility in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 or Older Who Received Treatment for Substance Use at a Specialty Facility in Past Year; by Age Group, Numbers in Thousands, 2015-2020
Substance for Which Treatment
Was Received/Age Group		 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS 1,541 1,406 1,674 1,392 1,624 1,918
12-17 * * * * * *
18 or Older 1,478 1,343 1,618 1,312 1,572 1,888
18-25 296 259 319 201 231 *
26 or Older 1,182 1,084 1,299 1,111 1,341 1,705
ALCOHOL 1,352 1,208 1,362 1,387 1,444 1,098
12-17 * * * * * *
18 or Older 1,315 1,160 1,323 1,361 1,425 1,069
18-25 210 175 214 180 186 *
26 or Older 1,105 985 1,109 1,181 1,239 895
BOTH ILLICIT DRUGS AND
ALCOHOL		 614 490 599 493 550 384
12-17 * * * * * *
18 or Older 592 462 577 469 538 371
18-25 113 84 107 66 99 *
26 or Older 479 378 470 403 440 315
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Specialty facilities for substance use treatment include hospitals (inpatient only), rehabilitation facilities (inpatient or outpatient), or mental health centers. Questions on virtual substance use treatment were added in Quarter 4 of 2020. Estimates in this table do not include data from these questions. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2015-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.52B – Received Specific Substance Use Treatment at a Specialty Facility in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 or Older Who Received Treatment for Substance Use at a Specialty Facility in Past Year; by Age Group, Percentages, 2015-2020
Substance for Which Treatment
Was Received/Age Group		 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ILLICIT DRUGS 65.7 63.1 66.1 59.0 61.5 71.4
12-17 * * * * * *
18 or Older 65.2 62.8 66.3 57.6 61.1 71.8
18-25 71.0 67.5 72.4 60.9 64.7 *
26 or Older 63.9 61.7 65.0 57.1 60.5 73.2
ALCOHOL 57.6 54.2 53.8 58.8 54.7 40.9
12-17 * * * * * *
18 or Older 58.0 54.2 54.2 59.8 55.4 40.6
18-25 50.4 45.6 48.5 54.4 52.0 *
26 or Older 59.7 56.1 55.5 60.7 56.0 38.4
BOTH ILLICIT DRUGS AND
ALCOHOL		 26.2 22.0 23.7 20.9 20.8 14.3
12-17 * * * * * *
18 or Older 26.1 21.6 23.6 20.6 20.9 14.1
18-25 27.0 21.9 24.2 19.9 27.6 *
26 or Older 25.9 21.5 23.5 20.7 19.9 13.5
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 column are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. Due to these changes, significance testing between 2020 and prior years was not performed. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Specialty facilities for substance use treatment include hospitals (inpatient only), rehabilitation facilities (inpatient or outpatient), or mental health centers. Questions on virtual substance use treatment were added in Quarter 4 of 2020. Estimates in this table do not include data from these questions. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2015-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.53B – Marijuana Use in Past Month: Among People Aged 12 or Older, by Age Group: Percentages, 1971-2020
Survey Year Aged 12-17 Aged 18-25 Aged 26-34
1971 5.1 17.3 5.7
1972 6.0 27.8 10.3
1974 10.2 25.2 9.1
1976 10.5 25.0 12.5
1977 14.1 27.4 13.7
1979 14.2 35.6 19.7
1982 9.9 27.2 19.0
1985 10.2 21.7 19.0
1988 5.4 15.3 12.3
1990 4.4 12.7 9.5
1991 3.6 12.9 7.7
1992 3.4 10.9 9.3
1993 4.0 11.1 7.5
1994 6.0 12.1 6.9
1995 8.2 12.0 6.7
1996 7.1 13.2 6.3
1997 9.4 12.8 6.0
1998 8.3 13.8 5.5
1999 7.2 14.2 5.4
2000 7.2 13.6 5.9
2001 8.0 16.0 6.8
2002 8.2 17.3 7.7
2003 7.9 17.0 8.4
2004 7.6 16.1 8.3
2005 6.8 16.6 8.6
2006 6.7 16.3 8.5
2007 6.7 16.5 7.9
2008 6.7 16.6 8.8
2009 7.4 18.2 9.6
2010 7.4 18.5 10.6
2011 7.9 19.0 10.2
2012 7.2 18.7 11.3
2013 7.1 19.1 12.6
2014 7.4 19.6 12.7
2015 7.0 19.8 12.9
2016 6.5 20.8 14.5
2017 6.5 22.1 14.8
2018 6.7 22.1 16.7
2019 7.4 23.0 19.0
2020 5.9 23.1 19.3
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 row are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
NOTE: Estimates for 1971 through 1977 have been adjusted to improve their comparability with estimates based on later versions of the NSDUH instrument.
NOTE: Estimates for 1979 through 1993 have been adjusted for comparability with estimates for 1994 through 1998.
NOTE: Estimates for 1999 through 2020 have not been adjusted for comparability. See Appendix C of the Results from the 2004 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings for information on the comparability of the 1999 and later estimates with pre-1999 estimates.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 1971-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.
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Table 7.54B – Cocaine Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 or Older, by Age Group: Percentages, 1971-2020
Survey Year Aged 12-17 Aged 18-25 Aged 26-34
1971 -- -- --
1972 1.3 -- --
1974 2.3 7.0 --
1976 2.0 6.1 --
1977 2.2 8.8 --
1979 3.6 17.0 5.7
1982 3.7 15.9 9.3
1985 3.4 13.6 10.5
1988 2.5 10.5 7.0
1990 1.9 6.5 5.9
1991 1.3 6.7 4.4
1992 1.0 5.5 4.3
1993 0.7 4.4 3.8
1994 1.1 3.6 3.5
1995 1.7 4.3 3.1
1996 1.4 4.7 3.5
1997 2.2 3.9 3.1
1998 1.7 4.7 2.7
1999 1.6 5.2 2.4
2000 1.7 4.4 2.1
2001 1.5 5.7 2.7
2002 2.1 6.7 3.6
2003 1.8 6.6 4.1
2004 1.6 6.6 4.0
2005 1.7 6.9 3.1
2006 1.6 6.9 4.4
2007 1.5 6.4 3.6
2008 1.2 5.6 4.0
2009 1.0 5.3 3.4
2010 1.0 4.7 3.6
2011 0.9 4.6 2.3
2012 0.7 4.6 3.1
2013 0.5 4.4 3.4
2014 0.7 4.6 3.0
2015 0.6 5.4 3.2
2016 0.5 5.6 3.8
2017 0.5 6.2 4.5
2018 0.4 5.8 4.5
2019 0.4 5.3 4.4
2020 0.3 4.3 3.6
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates in the 2020 row are italicized to indicate caution should be used when comparing estimates between 2020 and prior years because of methodological changes for 2020. See the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Some 2006 to 2010 estimates may differ from previously published estimates due to updates (see Chapter 3 of the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
NOTE: Estimates for 1971 through 1977 have been adjusted to improve their comparability with estimates based on later versions of the NSDUH instrument.
NOTE: Estimates for 1979 through 1993 have been adjusted for comparability with estimates for 1994 through 1998.
NOTE: Estimates for 1999 through 2020 have not been adjusted for comparability. See Appendix C of the Results from the 2004 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings for information on the comparability of the 1999 and later estimates with pre-1999 estimates.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 1971-2019, and Quarters 1 and 4, 2020.

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