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220623
Table 4.1B – Past Year Initiation of Marijuana Use: Among People Aged 12 or Older, among People Aged 12 or Older at Risk for Initiation of Marijuana Use, and among Past Year Marijuana Users Aged 12 or Older; by Demographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands and Percentages, 2021
Demographic
Characteristic		 Number of Past Year
Initiates (1,000s)		 Percentage of
Past Year Initiates among
People Aged 12 or Older		 Percentage of Past Year
Initiates among People at
Risk for Initiation		 Percentage of Past Year
Initiates among Past Year
Users
2021 2021 2021 2021
TOTAL 2,616 0.9 1.7 5.0
AGE GROUP        
12-20 1,496 3.8 4.7 22.1
21 or Older 1,120 0.5 0.9 2.5
12-25 1,997 3.4 4.8 13.7
12-17 869 3.3 3.7 31.9
12-13 110 1.2 1.2 *
14-15 314 3.7 4.0 40.4
16-17 444 5.2 6.5 25.4
18 or Older 1,748 0.7 1.3 3.5
18-25 1,128 3.4 6.3 9.5
18-20 627 4.8 7.3 15.5
21-25 501 2.5 5.4 6.4
26 or Older 620 0.3 0.5 1.6
GENDER        
Male 1,067 0.8 1.5 3.7
Female 1,549 1.1 1.9 6.5
GENDER/AGE GROUP        
Male 12-17 379 2.9 3.1 30.8
Female 12-17 490 3.8 4.3 32.8
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates from years prior to 2021 are not shown because of methodological changes in 2021. See the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021.
220623
Table 4.2B – Past Year Initiation of Cigarette Use: Among People Aged 12 or Older, among People Aged 12 or Older at Risk for Initiation of Cigarette Use, and among Past Year Cigarette Users Aged 12 or Older; by Demographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands and Percentages, 2021
Demographic
Characteristic		 Number of Past Year
Initiates (1,000s)		 Percentage of
Past Year Initiates among
People Aged 12 or Older		 Percentage of Past Year
Initiates among People at
Risk for Initiation		 Percentage of Past Year
Initiates among Past Year
Users
2021 2021 2021 2021
TOTAL 1,187 0.4 0.9 2.3
AGE GROUP        
12-201 809 2.1 2.3 29.2
21 or Older1 378 0.2 0.4 0.8
12-25 1,067 1.8 2.3 14.9
12-17 362 1.4 1.5 38.3
12-13 51 0.6 0.6 *
14-15 122 1.4 1.5 *
16-17 189 2.2 2.5 33.0
18 or Older 825 0.3 0.7 1.6
18-25 705 2.1 3.2 11.3
18-20 446 3.4 4.3 24.5
21-25 259 1.3 2.2 5.9
26 or Older 120 0.1 0.1 0.3
GENDER        
Male 634 0.5 1.0 2.2
Female 553 0.4 0.7 2.3
GENDER/AGE GROUP        
Male 12-17 156 1.2 1.2 *
Female 12-17 206 1.6 1.7 46.3
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates from years prior to 2021 are not shown because of methodological changes in 2021. See the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
1 The 12-20 and 21 or Older rows are included because they are the underage and legal age groups for tobacco.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021.
220623
Table 4.3B – Past Year Initiation of Alcohol Use: Among People Aged 12 or Older, among People Aged 12 or Older at Risk for Initiation of Alcohol Use, and among Past Year Alcohol Users Aged 12 or Older; by Demographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands and Percentages, 2021
Demographic
Characteristic		 Number of Past Year
Initiates (1,000s)		 Percentage of
Past Year Initiates among
People Aged 12 or Older		 Percentage of Past Year
Initiates among People at
Risk for Initiation		 Percentage of Past Year
Initiates among Past Year
Users
2021 2021 2021 2021
TOTAL 4,123 1.5 6.4 2.4
AGE GROUP        
12-201 2,930 7.5 10.2 26.3
21 or Older1 1,193 0.5 3.3 0.7
12-25 3,895 6.5 11.9 14.4
12-17 1,826 7.0 8.3 39.5
12-13 267 3.0 3.2 47.2
14-15 643 7.6 8.8 47.7
16-17 916 10.7 15.0 33.8
18 or Older 2,297 0.9 5.4 1.4
18-25 2,069 6.2 19.1 9.2
18-20 1,104 8.4 16.5 17.0
21-25 965 4.7 23.3 6.1
26 or Older 228 0.1 0.7 0.2
GENDER        
Male 2,015 1.5 6.8 2.3
Female 2,108 1.5 6.0 2.4
GENDER/AGE GROUP        
Male 12-17 810 6.1 7.1 40.5
Female 12-17 1,016 8.0 9.7 38.7
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates from years prior to 2021 are not shown because of methodological changes in 2021. See the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
1 The 12-20 and 21 or Older rows are included because they are the underage and legal age groups for alcohol.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021.
220623
Table 4.4B – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use: Among People Aged 12 or Older, among People Aged 12 or Older at Risk for Initiation of Substance Use, and among Past Year Substance Users Aged 12 or Older; Numbers in Thousands and Percentages, 2021
Substance Number of Past Year
Initiates (1,000s)		 Percentage of Past
Year Initiates among
People Aged 12 or
Older		 Percentage of Past
Year Initiates among
People at Risk for
Initiation		 Percentage of Past
Year Initiates among
Past Year Users
2021 2021 2021 2021
ILLICIT DRUGS nr nr nr nr
Marijuana 2,616 0.9 1.7 5.0
Cocaine 478 0.2 0.2 10.0
Crack 50 0.0 0.0 5.0
Heroin 26 0.0 0.0 2.4
Hallucinogens 1,291 0.5 0.5 17.4
LSD 667 0.2 0.3 26.9
PCP 90 0.0 0.0 *
Ecstasy 533 0.2 0.2 24.2
Inhalants 385 0.1 0.2 17.7
Methamphetamine 101 0.0 0.0 4.0
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics nr nr nr nr
Pain Relievers 1,821 0.7 nr 20.9
Stimulants 773 0.3 nr 20.7
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers 881 0.3 nr 20.4
Sedatives 188 0.1 nr 20.4
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- --
Opioids nr nr nr nr
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana1 nr nr nr nr
CIGARETTES 1,187 0.4 0.9 2.3
Daily Cigarette Use 304 0.1 0.2 --
SMOKELESS TOBACCO 503 0.2 0.2 5.1
CIGARS 1,348 0.5 0.7 7.2
ALCOHOL 4,123 1.5 6.4 2.4
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates from years prior to 2021 are not shown because of methodological changes in 2021. See the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Methodological limitations preclude the estimation of past year initiates for aggregate substance use categories having at least one prescription psychotherapeutic, including categories for overall illicit drugs, misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics, tranquilizers or sedatives, opioids, and illicit drugs other than marijuana (see Chapter 3 of the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021.
220623
Table 4.5B – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use: Among People Aged 12 to 17, among People Aged 12 to 17 at Risk for Initiation of Substance Use, and among Past Year Substance Users Aged 12 to 17; Numbers in Thousands and Percentages, 2021
Substance Number of Past Year
Initiates (1,000s)		 Percentage of Past
Year Initiates among
People Aged 12 to 17		 Percentage of Past
Year Initiates among
People at Risk for
Initiation		 Percentage of Past
Year Initiates among
Past Year Users
2021 2021 2021 2021
ILLICIT DRUGS nr nr nr nr
Marijuana 869 3.3 3.7 31.9
Cocaine 20 0.1 0.1 *
Crack 3 0.0 0.0 *
Heroin * * * *
Hallucinogens 176 0.7 0.7 50.8
LSD 135 0.5 0.5 *
PCP 12 0.0 0.0 *
Ecstasy 56 0.2 0.2 *
Inhalants 160 0.6 0.7 25.5
Methamphetamine 24 0.1 0.1 *
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics nr nr nr nr
Pain Relievers 130 0.5 nr 26.2
Stimulants 154 0.6 nr *
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers 61 0.2 nr *
Sedatives 14 0.1 nr *
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- --
Opioids nr nr nr nr
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana1 nr nr nr nr
CIGARETTES 362 1.4 1.5 38.3
Daily Cigarette Use 28 0.1 0.1 --
SMOKELESS TOBACCO 126 0.5 0.5 35.8
CIGARS 267 1.0 1.1 48.4
ALCOHOL 1,826 7.0 8.3 39.5
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates from years prior to 2021 are not shown because of methodological changes in 2021. See the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Methodological limitations preclude the estimation of past year initiates for aggregate substance use categories having at least one prescription psychotherapeutic, including categories for overall illicit drugs, misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics, tranquilizers or sedatives, opioids, and illicit drugs other than marijuana (see Chapter 3 of the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021.
220623
Table 4.6B – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use: Among People Aged 18 or Older, among People Aged 18 or Older at Risk for Initiation of Substance Use, and among Past Year Substance Users Aged 18 or Older; Numbers in Thousands and Percentages, 2021
Substance Number of Past Year
Initiates (1,000s)		 Percentage of Past
Year Initiates among
People Aged 18 or
Older		 Percentage of Past
Year Initiates among
People at Risk for
Initiation		 Percentage of Past
Year Initiates among
Past Year Users
2021 2021 2021 2021
ILLICIT DRUGS nr nr nr nr
Marijuana 1,748 0.7 1.3 3.5
Cocaine 458 0.2 0.2 9.7
Crack 47 0.0 0.0 4.7
Heroin 26 0.0 0.0 2.4
Hallucinogens 1,114 0.4 0.5 15.8
LSD 532 0.2 0.2 23.9
PCP 78 0.0 0.0 *
Ecstasy 477 0.2 0.2 22.6
Inhalants 225 0.1 0.1 14.5
Methamphetamine 77 0.0 0.0 3.1
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics nr nr nr nr
Pain Relievers 1,690 0.7 nr 20.6
Stimulants 619 0.2 nr 18.0
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers 820 0.3 nr 19.9
Sedatives 175 0.1 nr *
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- --
Opioids nr nr nr nr
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana1 nr nr nr nr
CIGARETTES 825 0.3 0.7 1.6
Daily Cigarette Use 276 0.1 0.2 --
SMOKELESS TOBACCO 377 0.1 0.2 4.0
CIGARS 1,081 0.4 0.6 5.9
ALCOHOL 2,297 0.9 5.4 1.4
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates from years prior to 2021 are not shown because of methodological changes in 2021. See the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Methodological limitations preclude the estimation of past year initiates for aggregate substance use categories having at least one prescription psychotherapeutic, including categories for overall illicit drugs, misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics, tranquilizers or sedatives, opioids, and illicit drugs other than marijuana (see Chapter 3 of the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021.
220623
Table 4.7B – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use: Among People Aged 18 to 25, among People Aged 18 to 25 at Risk for Initiation of Substance Use, and among Past Year Substance Users Aged 18 to 25; Numbers in Thousands and Percentages, 2021
Substance Number of Past Year
Initiates (1,000s)		 Percentage of Past
Year Initiates among
People Aged 18 to 25 		Percentage of Past
Year Initiates among
People at Risk for
Initiation		 Percentage of Past
Year Initiates among
Past Year Users
2021 2021 2021 2021
ILLICIT DRUGS nr nr nr nr
Marijuana 1,128 3.4 6.3 9.5
Cocaine 277 0.8 0.9 23.6
Crack 19 0.1 0.1 *
Heroin 11 0.0 0.0 *
Hallucinogens 687 2.1 2.4 29.1
LSD 366 1.1 1.2 36.1
PCP 15 0.0 0.0 *
Ecstasy 259 0.8 0.8 37.7
Inhalants 157 0.5 0.5 31.5
Methamphetamine 25 0.1 0.1 *
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics nr nr nr nr
Pain Relievers 269 0.8 nr 26.5
Stimulants 310 0.9 nr 24.9
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers 225 0.7 nr 27.8
Sedatives 46 0.1 nr *
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- --
Opioids nr nr nr nr
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana1 nr nr nr nr
CIGARETTES 705 2.1 3.2 11.3
Daily Cigarette Use 127 0.4 0.4 --
SMOKELESS TOBACCO 189 0.6 0.6 12.2
CIGARS 755 2.3 2.9 20.0
ALCOHOL 2,069 6.2 19.1 9.2
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates from years prior to 2021 are not shown because of methodological changes in 2021. See the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Methodological limitations preclude the estimation of past year initiates for aggregate substance use categories having at least one prescription psychotherapeutic, including categories for overall illicit drugs, misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics, tranquilizers or sedatives, opioids, and illicit drugs other than marijuana (see Chapter 3 of the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021.
220623
Table 4.8B – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use: Among People Aged 26 or Older, among People Aged 26 or Older at Risk for Initiation of Substance Use, and among Past Year Substance Users Aged 26 or Older; Numbers in Thousands and Percentages, 2021
Substance Number of Past Year
Initiates (1,000s)		 Percentage of Past
Year Initiates among
People Aged 26 or
Older		 Percentage of Past
Year Initiates among
People at Risk for
Initiation		 Percentage of Past
Year Initiates among
Past Year Users
2021 2021 2021 2021
ILLICIT DRUGS nr nr nr nr
Marijuana 620 0.3 0.5 1.6
Cocaine 181 0.1 0.1 5.1
Crack 28 0.0 0.0 3.1
Heroin 16 0.0 0.0 1.5
Hallucinogens 427 0.2 0.2 9.1
LSD 167 0.1 0.1 13.7
PCP 63 0.0 0.0 *
Ecstasy 218 0.1 0.1 15.3
Inhalants 68 0.0 0.0 6.5
Methamphetamine 52 0.0 0.0 2.2
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics nr nr nr nr
Pain Relievers 1,421 0.6 nr 19.7
Stimulants 309 0.1 nr 14.1
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers 595 0.3 nr 18.0
Sedatives 128 0.1 nr *
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- --
Opioids nr nr nr nr
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana1 nr nr nr nr
CIGARETTES 120 0.1 0.1 0.3
Daily Cigarette Use 149 0.1 0.1 --
SMOKELESS TOBACCO 187 0.1 0.1 2.4
CIGARS 326 0.1 0.2 2.3
ALCOHOL 228 0.1 0.7 0.2
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates from years prior to 2021 are not shown because of methodological changes in 2021. See the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Methodological limitations preclude the estimation of past year initiates for aggregate substance use categories having at least one prescription psychotherapeutic, including categories for overall illicit drugs, misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics, tranquilizers or sedatives, opioids, and illicit drugs other than marijuana (see Chapter 3 of the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021.
220623
Table 4.9A – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use: Among People Aged 12 or Older Who Initiated Use Prior to Age 18, Prior to Age 21, and at Age 21 or Older; Numbers in Thousands, 2021
Substance People Who Initiated Use
Prior to Age 18		 People Who Initiated Use
Prior to Age 211		 People Who Initiated Use
at Age 21 or Older1
2021 2021 2021
ILLICIT DRUGS nr nr nr
Marijuana 1,011 1,578 1,038
Cocaine 23 159 319
Crack 3 7 43
Heroin 0 4 23
Hallucinogens 205 559 732
LSD 162 369 298
PCP 16 22 69
Ecstasy 79 205 328
Inhalants 163 239 146
Methamphetamine 27 33 68
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics nr nr nr
Pain Relievers * 268 1,553
Stimulants * 321 451
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nr nr nr
Tranquilizers * * 714
Sedatives * * 148
Benzodiazepines -- -- --
Opioids nr nr nr
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana2 nr nr nr
CIGARETTES 411 875 312
Daily Cigarette Use 36 88 216
SMOKELESS TOBACCO 153 248 254
CIGARS 306 700 648
ALCOHOL 1,991 3,000 1,123
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates from years prior to 2021 are not shown because of methodological changes in 2021. See the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Methodological limitations preclude the estimation of past year initiates for aggregate substance use categories having at least one prescription psychotherapeutic, including categories for overall illicit drugs, misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics, tranquilizers or sedatives, opioids, and illicit drugs other than marijuana (see Chapter 3 of the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 The Prior to 21 and 21 or Older columns are included because they are the underage and legal age groups for tobacco and alcohol.
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021.
220623
Table 4.10B – Past Year Initiation of Substance Use: Among People Aged 12 to 49; Mean Age at First Substance Use: Among Past Year Initiates Aged 12 to 49; by Gender, Numbers in Thousands and Averages, 2021
Substance Number of Past Year
Initiates (1,000s)		 Mean Age among Past
Year Initiates		 Mean Age among Past
Year Male Initiates		 Mean Age among Past
Year Female Initiates
2021 2021 2021 2021
ILLICIT DRUGS nr nr nr nr
Marijuana 2,392 20.4 20.0 20.8
Cocaine 445 25.1 25.3 24.8
Crack 44 25.6 25.9 24.6
Heroin 26 26.7 * 25.5
Hallucinogens 1,205 23.4 22.3 24.2
LSD 667 21.7 21.4 22.0
PCP 31 18.5 * *
Ecstasy 496 25.2 25.5 24.9
Inhalants 385 19.8 20.7 18.8
Methamphetamine 99 25.4 25.7 25.1
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics nr nr nr nr
Pain Relievers 999 29.9 30.9 29.1
Stimulants 728 25.1 24.0 26.0
Tranquilizers or Sedatives nr nr nr nr
Tranquilizers 611 28.1 27.1 28.9
Sedatives 153 26.1 24.6 27.5
Benzodiazepines -- -- -- --
Opioids nr nr nr nr
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana1 nr nr nr nr
CIGARETTES 1,175 19.6 20.7 18.4
Daily Cigarette Use 239 24.9 26.0 23.7
SMOKELESS TOBACCO 437 23.0 19.6 28.2
CIGARS 1,286 21.8 21.0 23.3
ALCOHOL 4,082 18.3 18.5 18.1
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates from years prior to 2021 are not shown because of methodological changes in 2021. See the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Methodological limitations preclude the estimation of past year initiates for aggregate substance use categories having at least one prescription psychotherapeutic, including categories for overall illicit drugs, misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics, tranquilizers or sedatives, opioids, and illicit drugs other than marijuana (see Chapter 3 of the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Methodological Summary and Definitions).
1 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021.

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