Section 3 SE Tables – Results from the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Detailed Tables, SAMHSA, CBHSQ

230609

Table 3.1C – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Substance Use and Perceived Availability of Substances: Among People Aged 12 or Older; by Age Group, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Specific Substance Risk/Availability	Aged 12+ (2021)	Aged 12+ (2022)	Aged 12-17 (2021)	Aged 12-17 (2022)	Aged 18+ (2021)	Aged 18+ (2022)	Aged 18-25 (2021)	Aged 18-25 (2022)	Aged 26+ (2021)	Aged 26+ (2022)
PERCEPTIONS OF GREAT RISK¹
Cigarettes
Smoke One or More Packs Per Day	1,139	1,055	200	175	1,120	1,028	234	208	1,075	1,011
Marijuana
Smoke Once a Month	1,128	1,001	173	133	1,112	980	158	138	1,096	948
Smoke Once or Twice a Week	1,134	1,072	197	165	1,113	1,035	186	156	1,094	998
Cocaine
Use Once a Month	1,102	1,022	186	169	1,076	1,007	258	234	1,030	959
Use Once or Twice a Week	810	822	168	147	802	793	194	179	769	767
Heroin
Try Once or Twice	795	750	207	175	774	720	222	197	740	687
Use Once or Twice a Week	583	547	167	143	559	521	136	131	542	510
LSD
Try Once or Twice	1,219	1,128	186	172	1,205	1,112	271	236	1,122	1,056
Use Once or Twice a Week	910	975	181	163	904	957	244	220	860	907
Alcohol
Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	1,159	1,070	196	176	1,137	1,048	225	234	1,089	1,015
Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day	1,067	1,022	186	169	1,046	996	238	220	993	975
PERCEIVED AVAILABILITY²
Fairly or Very Easy to Obtain
Marijuana	1,198	1,099	197	165	1,167	1,056	228	210	1,123	1,019
Cocaine	880	804	101	95	873	790	216	203	844	766
Crack	854	819	96	99	848	809	174	155	820	786
Heroin	783	745	89	84	774	734	143	143	754	718
LSD	758	668	122	102	749	653	192	195	721	616
Approached in the Past Month by Someone Selling Drugs	405	397	88	80	401	384	132	121	372	359
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. ¹ Respondents with unknown Perception of Risk data were excluded from the respective analyses. ² Respondents with unknown Perceived Availability data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.1D – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Substance Use and Perceived Availability of Substances: Among People Aged 12 or Older; by Age Group, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Specific Substance Risk/Availability	Aged 12+ (2021)	Aged 12+ (2022)	Aged 12-17 (2021)	Aged 12-17 (2022)	Aged 18+ (2021)	Aged 18+ (2022)	Aged 18-25 (2021)	Aged 18-25 (2022)	Aged 26+ (2021)	Aged 26+ (2022)
PERCEPTIONS OF GREAT RISK¹
Cigarettes
Smoke One or More Packs Per Day	0.41	0.38	0.78	0.69	0.45	0.41	0.71	0.60	0.49	0.46
Marijuana
Smoke Once a Month	0.41	0.36	0.68	0.53	0.44	0.39	0.48	0.40	0.51	0.43
Smoke Once or Twice a Week	0.41	0.39	0.77	0.66	0.45	0.41	0.56	0.45	0.50	0.46
Cocaine
Use Once a Month	0.40	0.37	0.73	0.68	0.43	0.40	0.78	0.68	0.48	0.44
Use Once or Twice a Week	0.29	0.30	0.66	0.59	0.32	0.31	0.59	0.52	0.36	0.35
Heroin
Try Once or Twice	0.29	0.27	0.82	0.71	0.31	0.29	0.67	0.57	0.34	0.32
Use Once or Twice a Week	0.21	0.20	0.66	0.58	0.22	0.21	0.41	0.38	0.25	0.23
LSD
Try Once or Twice	0.45	0.41	0.76	0.72	0.49	0.44	0.83	0.69	0.52	0.49
Use Once or Twice a Week	0.33	0.36	0.74	0.68	0.36	0.38	0.75	0.65	0.40	0.42
Alcohol
Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	0.42	0.38	0.76	0.70	0.45	0.41	0.68	0.68	0.50	0.46
Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day	0.39	0.37	0.73	0.67	0.42	0.39	0.72	0.64	0.46	0.45
PERCEIVED AVAILABILITY²
Fairly or Very Easy to Obtain
Marijuana	0.44	0.40	0.78	0.66	0.47	0.42	0.69	0.61	0.53	0.47
Cocaine	0.33	0.30	0.40	0.39	0.36	0.32	0.66	0.60	0.40	0.36
Crack	0.32	0.30	0.39	0.40	0.35	0.33	0.53	0.46	0.39	0.37
Heroin	0.29	0.27	0.36	0.34	0.32	0.30	0.44	0.42	0.36	0.34
LSD	0.28	0.25	0.50	0.42	0.31	0.27	0.59	0.57	0.34	0.29
Approached in the Past Month by Someone Selling Drugs	0.15	0.14	0.34	0.31	0.16	0.15	0.40	0.35	0.17	0.16
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. ¹ Respondents with unknown Perception of Risk data were excluded from the respective analyses. ² Respondents with unknown Perceived Availability data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.1P – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Substance Use and Perceived Availability of Substances: Among People Aged 12 or Older; by Age Group, P Values from Tests of Differences of Percentages, 2022 Versus 2021
Specific Substance Risk/Availability	Aged 12+ (2021)	Aged 12-17 (2021)	Aged 18+ (2021)	Aged 18-25 (2021)	Aged 26+ (2021)
PERCEPTIONS OF GREAT RISK¹
Cigarettes
Smoke One or More Packs Per Day	0.7654	0.0016	0.8297	0.0528	0.4999
Marijuana
Smoke Once a Month	0.0061	0.0012	0.0219	0.3262	0.0341
Smoke Once or Twice a Week	0.0074	0.0145	0.0231	0.2250	0.0419
Cocaine
Use Once a Month	0.2365	0.0412	0.3544	0.8438	0.3949
Use Once or Twice a Week	0.3223	0.2416	0.4117	0.8414	0.4441
Heroin
Try Once or Twice	0.1608	0.0013	0.4263	0.2652	0.6517
Use Once or Twice a Week	0.2505	0.0008	0.6805	0.1286	0.9822
LSD
Try Once or Twice	0.0005	0.0024	0.0017	0.0187	0.0090
Use Once or Twice a Week	0.0019	0.0020	0.0076	0.0688	0.0289
Alcohol
Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	0.5222	0.0147	0.8016	0.8575	0.7914
Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day	0.5011	0.3677	0.4043	0.1789	0.5598
PERCEIVED AVAILABILITY²
Fairly or Very Easy to Obtain
Marijuana	0.0003	0.9486	0.0003	0.0054	0.0015
Cocaine	0.8907	0.2996	0.7440	0.9741	0.7287
Crack	0.4200	0.1562	0.5547	0.4961	0.6208
Heroin	0.4912	0.1855	0.3639	0.9480	0.3608
LSD	0.1133	0.8843	0.1191	0.3731	0.1888
Approached in the Past Month by Someone Selling Drugs	0.0597	0.1773	0.0986	0.9041	0.1060
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ¹ Respondents with unknown Perception of Risk data were excluded from the respective analyses. ² Respondents with unknown Perceived Availability data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

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Table 3.2C – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Cigarette and Alcohol Use: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	CIGARETTES		ALCOHOL
	Smoke One or More Packs Per Day		Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week		Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	200	175	196	176	186	169
AGE GROUP
12-13	217	162	165	141	202	172
14-15	221	174	161	148	210	192
16-17	201	186	165	133	212	193
GENDER
Male	139	119	143	125	140	125
Female	137	116	157	119	126	112
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	172	142	168	142	157	136
AIAN	*	21	*	15	*	19
Asian	96	100	89	86	110	122
Black or African American	130	100	124	104	130	119
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	307	236	202	163	298	248
Two or More Races	56	50	48	39	57	46
Hispanic or Latino	98	101	99	99	104	99
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	348	311	258	245	342	346
Small Metro	297	195	207	143	277	206
Nonmetro	136	107	117	81	144	110
Urbanized	73	74	68	54	78	77
Less Urbanized	101	75	80	62	106	75
Completely Rural	49	*	*	20	55	34
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Perception of Risk data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

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Table 3.2D – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Cigarette and Alcohol Use: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	CIGARETTES		ALCOHOL
	Smoke One or More Packs Per Day		Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week		Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	0.78	0.69	0.76	0.70	0.73	0.67
AGE GROUP
12-13	1.22	1.21	1.32	1.20	1.18	1.13
14-15	1.36	1.07	1.27	1.16	1.21	1.08
16-17	1.27	1.21	1.25	1.23	1.34	1.23
GENDER
Male	1.06	0.92	1.09	0.97	1.06	0.97
Female	1.09	0.93	1.25	0.97	1.00	0.90
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.90	0.76	0.88	0.76	0.82	0.73
AIAN	*	4.85	*	5.02	*	4.96
Asian	3.09	2.94	3.39	2.95	2.57	2.89
Black or African American	1.70	1.68	1.92	1.82	1.57	1.62
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	1.16	0.88	1.00	0.88	1.02	0.92
Two or More Races	2.79	2.83	3.75	3.30	3.00	3.11
Hispanic or Latino	1.49	1.55	1.50	1.52	1.58	1.51
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.98	0.98	1.08	0.98	0.96	0.92
Small Metro	1.38	1.10	1.25	1.21	1.30	1.12
Nonmetro	2.19	1.85	1.87	1.81	1.97	1.78
Urbanized	2.67	2.66	3.02	2.07	2.71	2.17
Less Urbanized	3.53	2.72	2.49	2.78	2.97	2.84
Completely Rural	4.64	*	*	5.37	4.55	5.65
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Perception of Risk data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.2P – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Cigarette and Alcohol Use: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, P Values from Tests of Differences of Percentages, 2022 Versus 2021
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	CIGARETTES		ALCOHOL
	Smoke One or More Packs Per Day		Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week		Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	0.0016		0.0147		0.3677
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.0018		0.4447		0.5735
14-15	0.0956		0.0316		0.2182
16-17	0.3615		0.1934		0.9107
GENDER
Male	0.0012		0.0144		0.9114
Female	0.1741		0.3454		0.2193
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.0100		0.0983		0.1031
AIAN	*		*		*
Asian	0.3131		0.1706		0.1883
Black or African American	0.0050		0.1461		0.2385
NHOPI	*		*		*
White	0.0835		0.4751		0.2383
Two or More Races	0.7416		0.2335		0.8666
Hispanic or Latino	0.0776		0.0645		0.4823
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.0034		0.1093		0.4396
Small Metro	0.0120		0.0168		0.1569
Nonmetro	0.7211		0.8576		0.8598
Urbanized	0.6015		0.8156		0.4554
Less Urbanized	0.8342		0.8601		0.9905
Completely Rural	*		*		0.3762
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Perception of Risk data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.3C – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Marijuana and Cocaine Use: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	MARIJUANA				COCAINE
	Smoke Once a Month		Smoke Once or Twice a Week		Use Once a Month		Use Once or Twice a Week
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	173	133	197	165	186	169	168	147
AGE GROUP
12-13	130	107	167	145	160	134	228	182
14-15	112	92	149	120	181	150	235	208
16-17	84	67	109	91	197	166	247	213
GENDER
Male	117	92	130	120	134	118	122	103
Female	119	99	140	115	132	123	116	103
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	143	105	156	136	157	145	144	119
AIAN	*	10	*	*	*	17	*	22
Asian	52	51	71	91	70	76	105	120
Black or African American	80	64	88	66	128	106	146	124
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	152	103	203	147	246	200	359	288
Two or More Races	14	14	26	29	47	35	66	50
Hispanic or Latino	99	79	110	92	99	96	95	91
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	164	140	219	209	273	257	380	388
Small Metro	111	85	173	109	236	176	356	232
Nonmetro	85	56	95	69	128	104	180	136
Urbanized	56	33	52	46	72	69	98	98
Less Urbanized	54	42	73	55	94	69	142	90
Completely Rural	34	*	37	*	*	*	54	46
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Perception of Risk data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.3D – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Marijuana and Cocaine Use: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	MARIJUANA				COCAINE
	Smoke Once a Month		Smoke Once or Twice a Week		Use Once a Month		Use Once or Twice a Week
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	0.68	0.53	0.77	0.66	0.73	0.68	0.66	0.59
AGE GROUP
12-13	1.24	1.04	1.34	1.24	1.30	1.16	1.29	1.07
14-15	1.13	0.88	1.31	1.01	1.25	1.06	1.06	0.96
16-17	0.93	0.76	1.16	0.96	1.35	1.22	0.99	0.93
GENDER
Male	0.90	0.72	1.00	0.94	1.03	0.92	0.94	0.81
Female	0.95	0.81	1.12	0.94	1.07	1.01	0.94	0.85
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.75	0.57	0.83	0.74	0.83	0.78	0.76	0.64
AIAN	*	4.18	*	*	*	5.21	*	4.77
Asian	2.94	2.36	3.32	3.23	3.14	3.15	3.02	2.65
Black or African American	1.86	1.49	1.73	1.57	1.98	1.66	1.78	1.54
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	0.96	0.70	1.07	0.85	1.00	0.97	0.88	0.76
Two or More Races	1.75	1.65	2.67	2.89	3.12	3.04	2.73	2.14
Hispanic or Latino	1.51	1.22	1.68	1.42	1.52	1.48	1.46	1.41
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.91	0.74	1.06	0.92	0.99	0.93	0.86	0.81
Small Metro	1.19	0.89	1.46	1.01	1.32	1.20	1.33	1.01
Nonmetro	1.61	1.64	1.46	1.64	1.86	1.88	1.44	1.48
Urbanized	2.92	2.29	2.65	2.31	2.93	2.81	2.47	2.38
Less Urbanized	2.13	2.18	1.97	2.55	2.77	2.53	2.46	2.08
Completely Rural	5.57	*	4.88	*	*	*	4.20	4.89
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Perception of Risk data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.3P – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Marijuana and Cocaine Use: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, P Values from Tests of Differences of Percentages, 2022 Versus 2021
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	MARIJUANA				COCAINE
	Smoke Once a Month		Smoke Once or Twice a Week		Use Once a Month		Use Once or Twice a Week
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	0.0012		0.0145		0.0412		0.2416
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.0675		0.3260		0.0208		0.4540
14-15	0.0447		0.1990		0.0307		0.1320
16-17	0.0320		0.0236		0.3515		0.8054
GENDER
Male	0.0015		0.0163		0.0064		0.4517
Female	0.1036		0.2089		0.8952		0.3583
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.0024		0.0399		0.0973		0.2871
AIAN	*		*		*		*
Asian	0.1233		0.6289		0.5984		0.7988
Black or African American	0.1730		0.0181		0.3407		0.1147
NHOPI	*		*		*		*
White	0.0137		0.0459		0.2094		0.8123
Two or More Races	0.5670		0.3283		0.1824		0.2372
Hispanic or Latino	0.1759		0.1505		0.2747		0.6758
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.0081		0.0831		0.0277		0.3744
Small Metro	0.1309		0.0547		0.5868		0.2286
Nonmetro	0.2908		0.7040		0.9140		0.7717
Urbanized	0.4452		0.7807		0.7459		0.4317
Less Urbanized	0.9113		0.6259		0.8361		0.3551
Completely Rural	*		*		*		0.7871
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Perception of Risk data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.4C – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Heroin and LSD Use: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	HEROIN				LSD
	Try Once or Twice		Use Once or Twice a Week		Try Once or Twice		Use Once or Twice a Week
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	207	175	167	143	186	172	181	163
AGE GROUP
12-13	177	137	222	170	143	117	193	148
14-15	200	165	243	204	162	134	212	176
16-17	223	188	271	215	153	139	199	172
GENDER
Male	137	123	121	103	134	119	133	110
Female	144	120	108	100	136	117	127	118
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	178	138	138	119	157	140	154	137
AIAN	*	24	*	21	*	16	*	19
Asian	69	76	99	117	68	62	91	90
Black or African American	135	105	138	117	113	91	125	106
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	284	217	379	282	198	168	297	224
Two or More Races	53	37	63	46	39	27	51	44
Hispanic or Latino	102	95	94	87	101	94	103	91
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	303	293	391	365	224	217	319	304
Small Metro	284	189	370	234	200	150	274	186
Nonmetro	138	112	197	130	118	80	152	106
Urbanized	78	75	101	94	64	57	87	73
Less Urbanized	104	73	161	85	93	57	119	73
Completely Rural	49	*	61	*	*	*	51	30
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Perception of Risk data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.4D – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Heroin and LSD Use: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	HEROIN				LSD
	Try Once or Twice		Use Once or Twice a Week		Try Once or Twice		Use Once or Twice a Week
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	0.82	0.71	0.66	0.58	0.76	0.72	0.74	0.68
AGE GROUP
12-13	1.40	1.20	1.26	1.07	1.31	1.19	1.38	1.17
14-15	1.31	1.13	1.06	0.93	1.33	1.11	1.22	1.15
16-17	1.40	1.14	1.03	0.91	1.22	1.26	1.19	1.11
GENDER
Male	1.06	0.97	0.94	0.81	1.07	0.98	1.05	0.91
Female	1.18	0.99	0.88	0.82	1.13	1.00	1.05	1.01
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.95	0.75	0.73	0.65	0.86	0.79	0.84	0.77
AIAN	*	5.64	*	5.32	*	5.10	*	5.90
Asian	3.35	3.37	3.03	2.77	3.61	2.91	3.46	3.45
Black or African American	1.99	1.67	1.66	1.73	1.98	1.66	1.92	1.58
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	1.14	0.86	0.88	0.72	1.00	1.02	1.06	0.92
Two or More Races	3.67	3.18	2.58	2.51	3.66	2.78	3.34	3.04
Hispanic or Latino	1.58	1.49	1.45	1.36	1.60	1.54	1.63	1.48
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	1.11	1.03	0.90	0.83	1.05	1.01	1.07	0.96
Small Metro	1.60	1.14	1.35	0.91	1.43	1.25	1.33	1.16
Nonmetro	1.84	1.89	1.33	1.53	1.77	1.87	1.57	1.83
Urbanized	2.79	2.47	2.57	1.84	2.95	3.11	3.09	2.50
Less Urbanized	2.94	2.73	2.43	2.47	2.61	2.55	2.31	2.68
Completely Rural	5.08	*	2.88	*	*	*	4.47	5.37
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Perception of Risk data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.4P – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Heroin and LSD Use: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, P Values from Tests of Differences of Percentages, 2022 Versus 2021
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	HEROIN				LSD
	Try Once or Twice		Use Once or Twice a Week		Try Once or Twice		Use Once or Twice a Week
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	0.0013		0.0008		0.0024		0.0020
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.0152		0.0401		0.1041		0.0995
14-15	0.0022		0.0098		0.0007		0.0003
16-17	0.6652		0.1842		0.6500		0.8964
GENDER
Male	0.0010		0.0186		0.0036		0.0104
Female	0.1561		0.0148		0.1614		0.0649
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.0006		0.0019		0.0025		0.0005
AIAN	*		*		*		*
Asian	0.1952		0.9129		0.0299		0.0319
Black or African American	0.0092		0.0070		0.1217		0.0983
NHOPI	*		*		*		*
White	0.0721		0.1364		0.0833		0.0134
Two or More Races	0.0521		0.0418		0.2017		0.8424
Hispanic or Latino	0.5242		0.2022		0.3121		0.8733
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.0037		0.0136		0.0174		0.0225
Small Metro	0.3780		0.1042		0.2370		0.1724
Nonmetro	0.2612		0.1010		0.2109		0.0616
Urbanized	0.8520		0.6369		0.9326		0.5850
Less Urbanized	0.4886		0.2354		0.3125		0.2935
Completely Rural	*		*		*		0.0338
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Perception of Risk data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.5C – Perceived That Obtaining Specific Illicit Drugs Would Be Fairly or Very Easy: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/ Geographic Characteristic	Marijuana (2021)	Marijuana (2022)	Cocaine (2021)	Cocaine (2022)	Crack (2021)	Crack (2022)	Heroin (2021)	Heroin (2022)	LSD (2021)	LSD (2022)
TOTAL	197	165	101	95	96	99	89	84	122	102
AGE GROUP
12-13	95	73	54	48	50	49	51	41	44	38
14-15	146	131	58	55	64	56	53	48	74	56
16-17	226	184	78	67	64	68	51	55	101	79
GENDER
Male	138	118	76	61	62	58	67	50	80	65
Female	134	114	73	70	74	75	57	60	85	75
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	165	131	80	80	81	86	69	72	104	86
AIAN	*	11	*	2	*	*	*	*	*	4
Asian	54	60	18	31	21	38	13	36	19	35
Black or African American	78	76	33	34	33	39	30	29	32	30
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	228	178	72	70	70	68	58	54	104	78
Two or More Races	40	36	18	18	18	18	11	18	14	24
Hispanic or Latino	114	98	66	54	56	46	54	41	61	55
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	222	218	77	84	78	86	70	74	105	90
Small Metro	207	150	83	52	61	51	55	45	80	67
Nonmetro	130	74	33	31	40	38	31	29	50	33
Urbanized	71	55	21	17	16	18	16	15	35	15
Less Urbanized	105	42	23	21	23	27	24	19	25	28
Completely Rural	*	*	13	*	*	*	*	*	*	5
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Perceived Availability data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.5D – Perceived That Obtaining Specific Illicit Drugs Would Be Fairly or Very Easy: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/ Geographic Characteristic	Marijuana (2021)	Marijuana (2022)	Cocaine (2021)	Cocaine (2022)	Crack (2021)	Crack (2022)	Heroin (2021)	Heroin (2022)	LSD (2021)	LSD (2022)
TOTAL	0.78	0.66	0.40	0.39	0.39	0.40	0.36	0.34	0.50	0.42
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.99	0.84	0.61	0.59	0.57	0.59	0.60	0.51	0.53	0.49
14-15	1.22	1.10	0.67	0.60	0.75	0.61	0.62	0.53	0.84	0.63
16-17	1.44	1.17	0.82	0.78	0.72	0.80	0.58	0.64	1.04	0.87
GENDER
Male	1.07	0.93	0.59	0.49	0.49	0.46	0.53	0.40	0.63	0.53
Female	1.08	0.94	0.59	0.58	0.60	0.63	0.47	0.50	0.70	0.64
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.88	0.71	0.43	0.44	0.43	0.47	0.37	0.40	0.57	0.48
AIAN	*	4.62	*	1.20	*	*	*	*	*	1.62
Asian	3.20	2.82	1.29	1.71	1.50	2.11	0.99	1.98	1.41	1.97
Black or African American	1.70	1.56	0.94	0.97	0.93	1.09	0.85	0.83	0.93	0.86
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	1.10	0.92	0.52	0.52	0.52	0.51	0.44	0.41	0.72	0.59
Two or More Races	3.52	3.43	1.89	2.21	1.94	2.18	1.21	2.16	1.62	2.81
Hispanic or Latino	1.76	1.52	1.03	0.85	0.88	0.72	0.84	0.65	0.97	0.88
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	1.02	0.95	0.54	0.53	0.55	0.56	0.53	0.49	0.71	0.57
Small Metro	1.51	1.06	0.86	0.63	0.68	0.60	0.61	0.53	0.87	0.78
Nonmetro	2.16	1.66	0.73	1.00	0.92	1.23	0.69	0.96	1.20	1.12
Urbanized	3.22	2.53	1.33	1.45	1.04	1.50	1.01	1.23	2.22	1.33
Less Urbanized	3.14	2.27	0.90	1.49	0.91	1.91	0.97	1.35	0.99	2.04
Completely Rural	*	*	2.89	*	*	*	*	*	*	1.73
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Perceived Availability data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.5P – Perceived That Obtaining Specific Illicit Drugs Would Be Fairly or Very Easy: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, P Values from Tests of Differences of Percentages, 2022 Versus 2021
Demographic/ Geographic Characteristic	Marijuana (2021)	Cocaine (2021)	Crack (2021)	Heroin (2021)	LSD (2021)
TOTAL	0.9486	0.2996	0.1562	0.1855	0.8843
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.8002	0.4739	0.0404	0.2290	0.3081
14-15	0.5146	0.3873	0.8904	0.3702	0.9277
16-17	0.4238	0.7141	0.6166	0.7126	0.8662
GENDER
Male	0.6868	0.7893	0.1469	0.8390	0.5951
Female	0.7343	0.2200	0.4636	0.0739	0.4615
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.5624	0.0813	0.0078	0.0182	0.5918
AIAN	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	0.5383	0.3965	0.4365	0.0242	0.2554
Black or African American	0.1395	0.0097	0.0096	0.0697	0.0407
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*
White	0.5390	0.3117	0.0365	0.2580	0.7156
Two or More Races	0.8587	0.4362	0.7929	0.1120	0.0738
Hispanic or Latino	0.3597	0.5875	0.1362	0.3314	0.5567
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.9371	0.3737	0.5044	0.8938	0.8744
Small Metro	0.6788	0.9775	0.7362	0.1092	0.7056
Nonmetro	0.5122	0.2960	0.0240	0.1609	0.3946
Urbanized	0.4243	0.6025	0.0461	0.2091	0.0539
Less Urbanized	0.7742	0.5180	0.0254	0.6833	0.1690
Completely Rural	*	*	*	*	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Perceived Availability data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.6C – Perceived That Parents Would Strongly Disapprove of Their Substance Use Behaviors: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE BEHAVIOR
	Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		Trying Marijuana Once or Twice		Using Marijuana Once a Month or More		Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Nearly Every Day
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	93	81	167	131	143	120	111	98
AGE GROUP
12-13	267	229	259	231	255	232	257	228
14-15	267	242	254	228	264	236	261	235
16-17	283	232	236	202	234	203	258	224
GENDER
Male	59	55	109	85	105	79	82	69
Female	67	59	117	97	103	84	87	68
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	80	66	143	109	121	98	93	85
AIAN	*	24	*	*	*	23	*	23
Asian	128	154	123	149	128	149	129	153
Black or African American	160	153	153	143	151	145	154	153
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	411	330	345	297	355	305	394	314
Two or More Races	73	55	68	48	69	51	72	52
Hispanic or Latino	45	46	68	71	66	66	63	56
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	465	456	421	423	430	430	448	448
Small Metro	394	289	347	266	330	271	356	275
Nonmetro	230	163	198	146	198	152	220	151
Urbanized	122	119	109	107	113	112	122	109
Less Urbanized	192	108	161	98	158	100	180	103
Completely Rural	61	*	56	*	62	*	57	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Perceptions of Parents’ Feelings data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.6D – Perceived That Parents Would Strongly Disapprove of Their Substance Use Behaviors: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE BEHAVIOR
	Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		Trying Marijuana Once or Twice		Using Marijuana Once a Month or More		Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Nearly Every Day
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	0.36	0.32	0.65	0.52	0.56	0.48	0.43	0.39
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.63	0.56	0.82	0.60	0.78	0.57	0.75	0.62
14-15	0.56	0.46	1.01	0.88	0.72	0.82	0.67	0.65
16-17	0.63	0.64	1.35	1.07	1.29	1.00	0.85	0.78
GENDER
Male	0.45	0.42	0.83	0.66	0.80	0.62	0.62	0.54
Female	0.53	0.47	0.93	0.78	0.82	0.68	0.69	0.55
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.42	0.35	0.75	0.58	0.63	0.52	0.48	0.45
AIAN	*	2.88	*	*	*	3.79	*	2.65
Asian	2.13	0.93	2.23	1.11	1.68	1.03	1.53	1.10
Black or African American	1.17	1.07	1.45	1.36	1.39	1.24	1.10	1.14
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	0.41	0.41	0.96	0.70	0.80	0.65	0.61	0.53
Two or More Races	1.50	1.28	2.52	2.76	2.35	2.19	1.46	2.10
Hispanic or Latino	0.68	0.71	1.04	1.09	1.00	1.02	0.96	0.86
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.49	0.42	0.88	0.70	0.73	0.64	0.59	0.51
Small Metro	0.66	0.56	1.30	0.93	1.06	0.88	0.75	0.71
Nonmetro	0.90	1.06	1.26	1.28	1.25	1.27	1.23	1.10
Urbanized	1.27	1.48	1.76	1.83	1.81	1.87	2.33	1.63
Less Urbanized	1.44	1.56	1.91	1.83	1.98	1.83	1.40	1.52
Completely Rural	2.70	*	4.99	*	4.20	*	3.94	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Perceptions of Parents’ Feelings data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.6P – Perceived That Parents Would Strongly Disapprove of Their Substance Use Behaviors: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, P Values from Tests of Differences of Percentages, 2022 Versus 2021
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE BEHAVIOR
	Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		Trying Marijuana Once or Twice		Using Marijuana Once a Month or More		Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Nearly Every Day
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	0.2411		0.6382		0.7961		0.8009
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.8552		0.0200		0.0368		0.3893
14-15	0.9275		0.1344		0.0273		0.2365
16-17	0.0323		0.5782		0.5825		0.5655
GENDER
Male	0.3088		0.9216		0.8597		0.1748
Female	0.4809		0.4513		0.5877		0.1002
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.9075		0.0805		0.2764		0.9954
AIAN	*		*		*		*
Asian	0.0814		0.0094		0.1310		0.3172
Black or African American	0.5331		0.7274		0.5415		0.8043
NHOPI	*		*		*		*
White	0.4184		0.2353		0.8602		0.5400
Two or More Races	0.8990		0.4180		0.3896		0.1298
Hispanic or Latino	0.0454		0.0309		0.1854		0.6685
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.8684		0.5875		0.6800		0.1379
Small Metro	0.0914		0.9655		0.8092		0.0891
Nonmetro	0.3842		0.8755		0.9469		0.6605
Urbanized	0.5795		0.6399		0.8484		0.4787
Less Urbanized	0.6199		0.7753		0.8636		0.7719
Completely Rural	*		*		*		*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Perceptions of Parents’ Feelings data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.7C – Perceived That Close Friends Would Strongly Disapprove or Somewhat Disapprove of Their Substance Use Behaviors: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE BEHAVIOR
	Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		Trying Marijuana Once or Twice		Using Marijuana Once a Month or More		Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Nearly Every Day
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	112	99	174	152	166	146	120	115
AGE GROUP
12-13	253	223	247	222	244	221	251	227
14-15	267	236	247	216	249	221	258	230
16-17	271	227	218	183	220	186	254	215
GENDER
Male	72	72	118	111	117	103	89	79
Female	84	74	122	104	114	97	99	77
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	85	75	148	117	138	108	102	86
AIAN	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	130	153	122	141	124	142	130	148
Black or African American	160	152	143	133	143	135	159	149
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	398	328	341	285	345	292	391	318
Two or More Races	74	55	67	49	67	48	73	53
Hispanic or Latino	76	64	85	98	87	96	73	73
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	459	443	402	392	404	395	452	430
Small Metro	363	284	317	246	313	252	333	273
Nonmetro	214	154	194	145	191	151	217	153
Urbanized	110	114	100	104	101	111	109	111
Less Urbanized	179	102	159	100	154	100	183	102
Completely Rural	61	*	62	*	63	*	65	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Perceptions of Close Friends’ Feelings data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.7D – Perceived That Close Friends Would Strongly Disapprove or Somewhat Disapprove of Their Substance Use Behaviors: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE BEHAVIOR
	Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		Trying Marijuana Once or Twice		Using Marijuana Once a Month or More		Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Nearly Every Day
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	0.44	0.39	0.68	0.60	0.65	0.58	0.47	0.45
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.80	0.67	0.92	0.69	0.92	0.70	0.79	0.63
14-15	0.63	0.66	1.00	1.00	0.93	0.92	0.67	0.73
16-17	0.83	0.70	1.41	1.18	1.34	1.14	0.91	0.92
GENDER
Male	0.55	0.56	0.91	0.87	0.90	0.80	0.68	0.61
Female	0.67	0.60	0.97	0.84	0.91	0.79	0.78	0.62
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.45	0.40	0.77	0.62	0.73	0.58	0.53	0.46
AIAN	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	1.37	0.99	2.68	2.02	2.41	1.95	1.31	1.19
Black or African American	1.24	1.18	1.70	1.50	1.62	1.45	1.39	1.27
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	0.51	0.47	0.92	0.75	0.87	0.67	0.65	0.54
Two or More Races	1.13	1.50	2.69	2.86	2.62	2.71	1.43	1.79
Hispanic or Latino	1.16	0.99	1.31	1.52	1.34	1.49	1.11	1.13
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.60	0.56	0.97	0.84	0.95	0.82	0.66	0.57
Small Metro	0.81	0.61	1.20	1.01	1.18	0.97	0.93	0.82
Nonmetro	1.03	1.13	1.31	1.32	1.22	1.39	1.00	1.18
Urbanized	1.70	1.33	2.29	1.96	2.21	2.17	1.62	1.58
Less Urbanized	1.48	1.71	1.70	1.91	1.54	1.93	1.45	1.70
Completely Rural	2.62	*	4.50	*	4.01	*	3.63	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Perceptions of Close Friends’ Feelings data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.7P – Perceived That Close Friends Would Strongly Disapprove or Somewhat Disapprove of Their Substance Use Behaviors: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, P Values from Tests of Differences of Percentages, 2022 Versus 2021
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE BEHAVIOR
	Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		Trying Marijuana Once or Twice		Using Marijuana Once a Month or More		Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Nearly Every Day
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	0.9541		0.4817		0.8452		0.5023
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.2692		0.1832		0.1774		0.5456
14-15	0.2475		0.0268		0.0606		0.0448
16-17	0.9575		0.9618		0.8087		0.9217
GENDER
Male	0.1857		0.2701		0.2832		0.2086
Female	0.1829		0.9366		0.4519		0.7947
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.8116		0.6334		0.4137		0.7870
AIAN	*		*		*		*
Asian	0.5081		0.3422		0.6901		0.8353
Black or African American	0.4635		0.4808		0.6129		0.3413
NHOPI	*		*		*		*
White	0.9075		0.8320		0.4707		0.9138
Two or More Races	0.5130		0.4870		0.2598		0.3152
Hispanic or Latino	0.7238		0.0540		0.1392		0.4617
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.5452		0.4487		0.9492		0.8806
Small Metro	0.5114		0.5334		0.3986		0.4313
Nonmetro	0.9411		0.2380		0.1554		0.4523
Urbanized	0.8670		0.4445		0.2717		0.9526
Less Urbanized	0.9308		0.2384		0.2069		0.4297
Completely Rural	*		*		*		*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Perceptions of Close Friends’ Feelings data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.8C – Strongly Disapproved or Somewhat Disapproved of Peers’ Substance Use Behaviors: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE BEHAVIOR
	Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		Trying Marijuana Once or Twice		Using Marijuana Once a Month or More		Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Nearly Every Day
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	102	94	174	143	170	140	129	110
AGE GROUP
12-13	256	227	246	224	252	221	253	224
14-15	265	236	245	218	250	215	261	230
16-17	265	224	206	182	206	186	248	216
GENDER
Male	60	59	113	94	117	91	83	68
Female	85	75	128	107	121	108	103	86
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	77	77	152	121	151	114	102	89
AIAN	35	23	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	130	147	124	140	124	140	131	146
Black or African American	160	148	144	133	148	129	159	145
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	403	325	318	279	327	288	379	318
Two or More Races	73	55	63	51	64	50	72	55
Hispanic or Latino	64	60	82	78	79	84	77	62
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	454	446	389	392	396	391	439	427
Small Metro	365	278	298	243	312	245	339	269
Nonmetro	218	157	186	143	183	146	207	150
Urbanized	123	116	105	107	104	110	115	108
Less Urbanized	175	107	147	100	144	100	165	104
Completely Rural	62	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Feelings about Peers data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.8D – Strongly Disapproved or Somewhat Disapproved of Peers’ Substance Use Behaviors: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE BEHAVIOR
	Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		Trying Marijuana Once or Twice		Using Marijuana Once a Month or More		Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Nearly Every Day
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	0.40	0.37	0.68	0.57	0.66	0.55	0.50	0.43
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.68	0.65	0.83	0.66	0.86	0.71	0.74	0.63
14-15	0.67	0.65	1.10	0.94	1.05	0.91	0.76	0.75
16-17	0.67	0.65	1.36	1.17	1.32	1.17	1.01	0.85
GENDER
Male	0.46	0.46	0.86	0.73	0.89	0.70	0.64	0.53
Female	0.67	0.60	1.02	0.86	0.96	0.87	0.82	0.69
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.41	0.41	0.80	0.64	0.79	0.61	0.53	0.47
AIAN	3.04	4.04	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	1.45	1.07	2.46	2.00	2.24	2.05	1.27	1.36
Black or African American	1.26	1.03	1.60	1.60	1.64	1.56	1.46	1.32
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	0.45	0.50	0.99	0.80	0.99	0.74	0.63	0.56
Two or More Races	1.94	1.20	3.30	2.32	3.03	2.35	1.93	1.60
Hispanic or Latino	0.97	0.91	1.25	1.20	1.20	1.29	1.17	0.96
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.49	0.51	0.90	0.77	0.84	0.79	0.63	0.58
Small Metro	0.80	0.65	1.37	1.02	1.40	0.94	1.07	0.70
Nonmetro	0.97	1.06	1.70	1.42	1.75	1.41	1.12	1.24
Urbanized	1.29	1.26	2.60	1.94	2.61	2.06	1.48	1.49
Less Urbanized	1.53	1.68	2.56	2.03	2.63	2.12	1.58	1.96
Completely Rural	2.78	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Feelings about Peers data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.8P – Strongly Disapproved or Somewhat Disapproved of Peers’ Substance Use Behaviors: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, P Values from Tests of Differences of Percentages, 2022 Versus 2021
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE BEHAVIOR
	Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		Trying Marijuana Once or Twice		Using Marijuana Once a Month or More		Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Nearly Every Day
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	0.1914		0.9907		0.9820		0.6245
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.4817		0.7976		0.8523		0.8315
14-15	0.1710		0.1310		0.0433		0.0337
16-17	0.8908		0.2360		0.1178		0.3606
GENDER
Male	0.1795		0.5429		0.9256		0.5562
Female	0.5604		0.5866		0.9469		0.8747
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.4016		0.5757		0.2984		0.5930
AIAN	0.1394		*		*		*
Asian	0.3895		0.2503		0.4179		0.3595
Black or African American	0.6351		0.4521		0.3882		0.9895
NHOPI	*		*		*		*
White	0.1124		0.8719		0.3243		0.5273
Two or More Races	0.9760		0.5056		0.7760		0.6528
Hispanic or Latino	0.3159		0.3831		0.0806		0.1274
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.1752		0.9186		0.8865		0.6105
Small Metro	0.2998		0.7118		0.7335		0.8320
Nonmetro	0.7092		0.4384		0.3352		0.6541
Urbanized	0.4093		0.4824		0.2814		0.0754
Less Urbanized	0.3122		0.2921		0.4496		0.8059
Completely Rural	*		*		*		*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Feelings about Peers data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.9C – Participated in a Prevention Program or Group in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	PREVENTION PROGRAM OR GROUP
	Problem-Solving, Communication Skills, or Self-Esteem Group		Violence Prevention Program		Pregnancy or Sexually Transmitted Disease Prevention Program
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	166	133	104	82	80	62
AGE GROUP
12-13	114	88	66	54	43	31
14-15	118	100	64	51	47	41
16-17	107	76	53	39	43	38
GENDER
Male	126	94	81	59	61	45
Female	107	96	70	57	55	42
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	138	114	85	70	68	48
AIAN	*	10	6	4	0	3
Asian	57	66	22	22	27	17
Black or African American	85	63	51	45	34	25
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	140	104	70	54	52	40
Two or More Races	33	23	11	13	11	7
Hispanic or Latino	90	71	55	40	46	40
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	179	143	84	68	67	53
Small Metro	113	87	65	43	35	32
Nonmetro	76	51	50	35	35	21
Urbanized	47	33	32	25	20	17
Less Urbanized	54	36	35	24	26	11
Completely Rural	23	10	11	4	*	4
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Prevention Program or Group Participation data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.9D – Participated in a Prevention Program or Group in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	PREVENTION PROGRAM OR GROUP
	Problem-Solving, Communication Skills, or Self-Esteem Group		Violence Prevention Program		Pregnancy or Sexually Transmitted Disease Prevention Program
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	0.66	0.53	0.41	0.33	0.31	0.25
AGE GROUP
12-13	1.19	0.96	0.76	0.65	0.48	0.37
14-15	1.15	0.93	0.69	0.54	0.54	0.44
16-17	1.03	0.83	0.59	0.47	0.49	0.46
GENDER
Male	0.98	0.74	0.62	0.46	0.47	0.35
Female	0.87	0.78	0.56	0.46	0.44	0.34
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.74	0.62	0.45	0.38	0.36	0.26
AIAN	*	4.39	3.33	1.70	0.23	1.56
Asian	3.09	2.86	1.51	1.27	1.76	1.04
Black or African American	1.83	1.43	1.30	1.13	0.90	0.69
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	0.89	0.71	0.51	0.41	0.40	0.30
Two or More Races	2.96	2.59	1.23	1.52	1.20	0.83
Hispanic or Latino	1.39	1.10	0.84	0.61	0.70	0.61
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.92	0.73	0.55	0.44	0.47	0.35
Small Metro	1.21	0.90	0.75	0.53	0.44	0.39
Nonmetro	1.48	1.44	1.12	1.04	0.86	0.67
Urbanized	2.49	1.98	1.74	1.61	1.40	1.19
Less Urbanized	2.16	2.18	1.60	1.56	1.18	0.78
Completely Rural	3.98	3.60	2.33	1.51	*	1.30
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Prevention Program or Group Participation data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.9P – Participated in a Prevention Program or Group in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, P Values from Tests of Differences of Percentages, 2022 Versus 2021
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	PREVENTION PROGRAM OR GROUP
	Problem-Solving, Communication Skills, or Self-Esteem Group		Violence Prevention Program		Pregnancy or Sexually Transmitted Disease Prevention Program
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	0.0000		0.0035		0.0995
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.0000		0.0449		0.1010
14-15	0.0000		0.0525		0.1485
16-17	0.0001		0.2928		0.9292
GENDER
Male	0.0000		0.0027		0.1185
Female	0.0003		0.3495		0.4570
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.0000		0.0152		0.0620
AIAN	*		0.3374		0.0355
Asian	0.4539		0.4413		0.1472
Black or African American	0.0059		0.8177		0.5653
NHOPI	*		*		*
White	0.0000		0.0028		0.2021
Two or More Races	0.0155		0.8836		0.3121
Hispanic or Latino	0.0102		0.0742		0.8098
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.0000		0.1597		0.1863
Small Metro	0.0002		0.0081		0.9885
Nonmetro	0.0007		0.4937		0.1657
Urbanized	0.1305		0.6735		0.8267
Less Urbanized	0.0047		0.5814		0.0626
Completely Rural	0.1371		0.7649		*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Prevention Program or Group Participation data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.10C – Participated in a Substance Use Program or Exposed to Substance Use Prevention Message in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE PROGRAM OR PREVENTION MESSAGE
	Participated in Alcohol, Tobacco, or Drug Prevention Program Outside of School		Saw or Heard Alcohol or Drug Prevention Message from Sources Outside School		Talked to Parents about Dangers of Tobacco, Alcohol, or Drug Use
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	105	84	190	176	189	171
AGE GROUP
12-13	64	47	190	156	159	139
14-15	64	55	190	188	182	171
16-17	53	49	206	192	192	161
GENDER
Male	74	57	131	128	138	127
Female	77	59	131	118	131	121
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	89	67	159	140	164	143
AIAN	*	4	*	17	*	18
Asian	32	13	98	119	76	77
Black or African American	49	40	117	105	103	91
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	73	58	278	253	270	211
Two or More Races	18	7	46	43	41	38
Hispanic or Latino	54	51	103	102	99	95
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	74	67	323	333	289	266
Small Metro	69	46	240	195	225	175
Nonmetro	54	39	151	122	144	104
Urbanized	31	24	89	91	71	68
Less Urbanized	36	31	116	77	127	73
Completely Rural	*	6	*	*	34	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Substance Use Program Participation or Prevention Message Exposure data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.10D – Participated in a Substance Use Program or Exposed to Substance Use Prevention Message in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE PROGRAM OR PREVENTION MESSAGE
	Participated in Alcohol, Tobacco, or Drug Prevention Program Outside of School		Saw or Heard Alcohol or Drug Prevention Message from Sources Outside School		Talked to Parents about Dangers of Tobacco, Alcohol, or Drug Use
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	0.41	0.33	0.75	0.70	0.74	0.68
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.71	0.56	1.26	1.23	1.22	1.19
14-15	0.70	0.58	1.34	1.11	1.23	1.19
16-17	0.60	0.58	1.27	1.15	1.33	1.21
GENDER
Male	0.56	0.45	1.01	1.01	1.06	1.00
Female	0.61	0.48	1.05	0.96	1.06	0.99
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.47	0.36	0.84	0.75	0.86	0.77
AIAN	*	1.81	*	6.01	*	5.41
Asian	2.07	0.82	3.04	2.90	3.51	3.11
Black or African American	1.25	1.03	2.00	1.64	2.05	1.62
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	0.52	0.44	1.03	0.89	0.99	0.93
Two or More Races	1.98	0.86	3.51	2.87	3.43	3.14
Hispanic or Latino	0.83	0.79	1.58	1.59	1.52	1.47
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.48	0.44	1.02	0.98	0.99	0.95
Small Metro	0.81	0.55	1.40	1.13	1.34	1.13
Nonmetro	1.29	1.23	1.63	1.82	1.91	1.97
Urbanized	1.86	1.71	2.28	2.98	2.64	3.04
Less Urbanized	1.67	1.99	2.27	2.51	3.09	2.84
Completely Rural	*	1.96	*	*	5.75	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Substance Use Program Participation or Prevention Message Exposure data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.10P – Participated in a Substance Use Program or Exposed to Substance Use Prevention Message in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, P Values from Tests of Differences of Percentages, 2022 Versus 2021
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE PROGRAM OR PREVENTION MESSAGE
	Participated in Alcohol, Tobacco, or Drug Prevention Program Outside of School		Saw or Heard Alcohol or Drug Prevention Message from Sources Outside School		Talked to Parents about Dangers of Tobacco, Alcohol, or Drug Use
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	0.0002		0.2202		0.4607
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.0173		0.0020		0.9475
14-15	0.0064		0.4664		0.4222
16-17	0.1395		0.1293		0.4396
GENDER
Male	0.0002		0.3851		0.3914
Female	0.1113		0.3819		0.8538
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.0012		0.6821		0.4601
AIAN	*		*		*
Asian	0.0124		0.7339		0.1928
Black or African American	0.2329		0.5608		0.5393
NHOPI	*		*		*
White	0.0659		0.7410		0.9830
Two or More Races	0.0056		0.8903		0.7202
Hispanic or Latino	0.0694		0.1278		0.8223
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.0308		0.2627		0.2162
Small Metro	0.0025		0.0520		0.4948
Nonmetro	0.4812		0.0936		0.1472
Urbanized	0.9595		0.4856		0.3880
Less Urbanized	0.5341		0.4527		0.5238
Completely Rural	*		*		*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Substance Use Program Participation or Prevention Message Exposure data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.11C – Engaged in a Physical Delinquent Behavior in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	PHYSICAL DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR
	Got into a Serious Fight at School or Work		Took Part in a Group-Against- Group Fight		Attacked Someone with the Intent to Seriously Hurt Them
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	125	133	124	104	71	71
AGE GROUP
12-13	91	91	81	62	44	49
14-15	77	78	71	69	48	44
16-17	87	74	65	61	39	34
GENDER
Male	105	95	89	72	56	55
Female	84	87	85	72	45	43
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	102	108	106	83	62	58
AIAN	*	7	*	*	*	3
Asian	26	26	24	19	11	25
Black or African American	57	71	46	60	39	35
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	103	102	97	72	50	42
Two or More Races	23	27	20	13	16	10
Hispanic or Latino	70	74	63	58	34	40
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	117	127	110	96	60	55
Small Metro	91	77	81	62	42	41
Nonmetro	56	60	40	37	20	22
Urbanized	33	29	26	22	10	11
Less Urbanized	43	46	31	26	15	19
Completely Rural	18	*	9	*	9	4
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Delinquent Behavior data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.11D – Engaged in a Physical Delinquent Behavior in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	PHYSICAL DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR
	Got into a Serious Fight at School or Work		Took Part in a Group-Against- Group Fight		Attacked Someone with the Intent to Seriously Hurt Them
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	0.49	0.52	0.48	0.41	0.28	0.28
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.94	0.94	0.83	0.69	0.50	0.57
14-15	0.83	0.77	0.78	0.71	0.55	0.49
16-17	0.87	0.83	0.73	0.69	0.46	0.40
GENDER
Male	0.79	0.74	0.68	0.56	0.42	0.42
Female	0.66	0.70	0.67	0.58	0.36	0.34
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.53	0.57	0.55	0.44	0.32	0.31
AIAN	*	3.14	*	*	*	1.66
Asian	1.72	1.65	1.53	1.23	0.75	1.42
Black or African American	1.37	1.59	1.23	1.36	1.04	0.91
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	0.63	0.70	0.66	0.51	0.38	0.32
Two or More Races	2.42	2.78	2.15	1.54	1.72	1.14
Hispanic or Latino	1.07	1.14	0.95	0.89	0.51	0.60
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.70	0.69	0.70	0.56	0.42	0.37
Small Metro	0.85	0.82	0.84	0.68	0.50	0.48
Nonmetro	1.08	1.71	0.97	1.10	0.49	0.78
Urbanized	1.75	1.95	1.43	1.58	0.64	0.94
Less Urbanized	1.48	2.80	1.51	1.57	0.72	1.33
Completely Rural	3.44	*	1.86	*	1.84	1.56
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Delinquent Behavior data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.11P – Engaged in a Physical Delinquent Behavior in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, P Values from Tests of Differences of Percentages, 2022 Versus 2021
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	PHYSICAL DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR
	Got into a Serious Fight at School or Work		Took Part in a Group-Against- Group Fight		Attacked Someone with the Intent to Seriously Hurt Them
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	0.0010		0.6283		0.1072
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.0017		0.9148		0.0879
14-15	0.0142		0.3241		0.7498
16-17	0.9766		0.9166		0.5265
GENDER
Male	0.0701		0.3417		0.0546
Female	0.0053		0.7604		0.8498
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.0093		0.1622		0.4949
AIAN	*		*		*
Asian	0.9608		0.7762		0.1207
Black or African American	0.0000		0.0001		0.1200
NHOPI	*		*		*
White	0.5820		0.9352		0.4237
Two or More Races	0.2460		0.6152		0.5656
Hispanic or Latino	0.0361		0.2090		0.0432
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.0124		0.9737		0.3213
Small Metro	0.0772		0.8332		0.3286
Nonmetro	0.1130		0.2538		0.4528
Urbanized	0.3559		0.8712		0.4145
Less Urbanized	0.2346		0.2970		0.4785
Completely Rural	*		*		0.4363
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Delinquent Behavior data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.12C – Engaged in a Nonphysical Delinquent Behavior in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	NONPHYSICAL DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR
	Carried a Handgun		Sold Illegal Drugs		Stole or Tried to Steal Anything Worth More Than $50
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	73	63	35	26	64	56
AGE GROUP
12-13	40	31	9	7	26	28
14-15	40	35	17	17	38	39
16-17	50	43	29	19	44	29
GENDER
Male	63	58	24	23	43	40
Female	37	24	24	14	45	38
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	58	50	29	22	56	47
AIAN	3	2	*	*	*	4
Asian	11	12	1	0	*	12
Black or African American	24	21	20	13	25	24
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	55	45	21	18	43	37
Two or More Races	12	11	3	3	13	6
Hispanic or Latino	44	33	17	15	29	31
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	44	41	22	21	51	46
Small Metro	55	44	22	14	38	28
Nonmetro	35	26	16	8	15	17
Urbanized	17	21	12	7	9	8
Less Urbanized	28	15	8	3	11	15
Completely Rural	12	6	*	2	*	3
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Delinquent Behavior data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.12D – Engaged in a Nonphysical Delinquent Behavior in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	NONPHYSICAL DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR
	Carried a Handgun		Sold Illegal Drugs		Stole or Tried to Steal Anything Worth More Than $50
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	0.28	0.25	0.13	0.10	0.25	0.22
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.45	0.36	0.11	0.09	0.29	0.33
14-15	0.46	0.39	0.21	0.19	0.44	0.43
16-17	0.55	0.50	0.34	0.23	0.50	0.36
GENDER
Male	0.48	0.45	0.18	0.18	0.33	0.31
Female	0.30	0.19	0.19	0.11	0.36	0.30
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.30	0.27	0.15	0.12	0.29	0.25
AIAN	1.77	1.00	*	*	*	1.73
Asian	0.75	0.72	0.07	0.01	*	0.75
Black or African American	0.66	0.60	0.56	0.36	0.69	0.67
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	0.39	0.33	0.16	0.14	0.32	0.28
Two or More Races	1.31	1.33	0.34	0.31	1.38	0.77
Hispanic or Latino	0.67	0.50	0.26	0.23	0.44	0.48
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.30	0.27	0.16	0.14	0.35	0.31
Small Metro	0.60	0.49	0.28	0.17	0.48	0.34
Nonmetro	0.89	0.83	0.39	0.26	0.38	0.56
Urbanized	1.09	1.52	0.78	0.55	0.56	0.62
Less Urbanized	1.44	1.01	0.39	0.21	0.54	1.02
Completely Rural	2.86	2.17	*	0.74	*	1.13
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Delinquent Behavior data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.12P – Engaged in a Nonphysical Delinquent Behavior in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, P Values from Tests of Differences of Percentages, 2022 Versus 2021
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	NONPHYSICAL DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR
	Carried a Handgun		Sold Illegal Drugs		Stole or Tried to Steal Anything Worth More Than $50
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	0.9739		0.9156		0.0950
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.5632		0.7152		0.0999
14-15	0.5986		0.4730		0.0868
16-17	0.9823		0.4456		0.8078
GENDER
Male	0.2555		0.2261		0.1597
Female	0.0268		0.0959		0.3179
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.4429		0.8472		0.1928
AIAN	1.0000		*		*
Asian	0.5960		0.2871		*
Black or African American	0.2815		0.7628		0.0429
NHOPI	*		*		*
White	0.8615		0.9808		0.3595
Two or More Races	0.6737		0.5979		0.3522
Hispanic or Latino	0.3661		0.9134		0.2259
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.8128		0.7713		0.3907
Small Metro	0.3681		0.6263		0.1684
Nonmetro	0.8931		0.6574		0.4913
Urbanized	0.2965		0.7547		0.6888
Less Urbanized	0.3309		0.1451		0.6063
Completely Rural	0.7310		*		*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Delinquent Behavior data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.13C – Select Risk and Protective Factors for Substance Use Disorders and Mental Illness: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	RISK FACTORS				PROTECTIVE FACTORS
	Youth Argued with at Least One Parent 10 or More Times in the Past Year		Youth Was Approached by Someone Selling Drugs in the Past Month		Youth Had Someone to Talk to about Problems¹		Youth Attended 25 or More Religious Services in the Past Year
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	156	140	88	80	93	88	182	156
AGE GROUP
12-13	112	83	38	29	256	228	104	92
14-15	98	97	52	56	258	234	108	102
16-17	110	95	70	59	266	226	101	95
GENDER
Male	109	95	64	64	71	66	118	111
Female	115	99	64	51	64	60	113	100
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	128	114	74	69	72	65	158	140
AIAN	*	5	*	5	*	25	*	9
Asian	48	43	21	14	129	141	48	55
Black or African American	46	38	33	34	162	150	57	49
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	137	117	61	59	395	329	163	147
Two or More Races	42	22	18	15	71	55	21	26
Hispanic or Latino	86	80	49	49	55	55	71	75
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	164	145	65	71	441	435	135	149
Small Metro	108	97	67	43	367	283	161	106
Nonmetro	52	45	32	17	211	162	79	67
Urbanized	38	26	23	13	119	118	48	43
Less Urbanized	33	34	21	10	172	110	57	53
Completely Rural	13	*	2	2	59	*	*	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Risk or Protective Factors data were excluded from the respective analyses. ¹ Respondents were able to select multiple categories of people that they would talk to about a serious problem, including the choice of “nobody.” Respondents who reported both a person that they would talk to and that they had nobody to talk to were excluded from the analysis. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.13D – Select Risk and Protective Factors for Substance Use Disorders and Mental Illness: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	RISK FACTORS				PROTECTIVE FACTORS
	Youth Argued with at Least One Parent 10 or More Times in the Past Year		Youth Was Approached by Someone Selling Drugs in the Past Month		Youth Had Someone to Talk to about Problems¹		Youth Attended 25 or More Religious Services in the Past Year
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	0.61	0.56	0.34	0.31	0.37	0.36	0.72	0.63
AGE GROUP
12-13	1.10	0.90	0.43	0.34	0.71	0.51	1.17	1.01
14-15	1.01	0.91	0.58	0.60	0.61	0.68	1.11	0.99
16-17	1.12	1.00	0.73	0.67	0.71	0.66	1.02	1.01
GENDER
Male	0.84	0.74	0.49	0.49	0.55	0.52	0.91	0.88
Female	0.92	0.80	0.51	0.40	0.53	0.50	0.92	0.82
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.68	0.61	0.38	0.37	0.39	0.35	0.84	0.76
AIAN	*	2.12	*	2.05	*	2.46	*	3.92
Asian	2.72	2.28	1.39	0.89	1.16	1.79	3.04	2.66
Black or African American	1.19	0.94	0.90	0.94	1.03	0.95	1.55	1.31
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	0.81	0.76	0.45	0.43	0.47	0.40	0.99	0.96
Two or More Races	3.87	2.36	1.93	1.68	1.78	1.34	2.23	2.94
Hispanic or Latino	1.32	1.24	0.74	0.73	0.86	0.87	1.11	1.19
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.89	0.78	0.43	0.45	0.50	0.53	0.82	0.82
Small Metro	1.10	0.95	0.73	0.51	0.74	0.56	1.69	1.09
Nonmetro	1.26	1.33	0.72	0.54	0.91	0.77	1.57	1.78
Urbanized	2.07	1.65	1.36	1.01	1.50	1.20	2.65	2.30
Less Urbanized	1.50	2.07	0.93	0.69	1.30	0.91	2.17	2.85
Completely Rural	3.09	*	0.46	0.65	2.93	*	*	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Risk or Protective Factors data were excluded from the respective analyses. ¹ Respondents were able to select multiple categories of people that they would talk to about a serious problem, including the choice of “nobody.” Respondents who reported both a person that they would talk to and that they had nobody to talk to were excluded from the analysis. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.13P – Select Risk and Protective Factors for Substance Use Disorders and Mental Illness: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, P Values from Tests of Differences of Percentages, 2022 Versus 2021
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	RISK FACTORS				PROTECTIVE FACTORS
	Youth Argued with at Least One Parent 10 or More Times in the Past Year		Youth Was Approached by Someone Selling Drugs in the Past Month		Youth Had Someone to Talk to about Problems¹		Youth Attended 25 or More Religious Services in the Past Year
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	0.5996		0.1773		0.8867		0.1814
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.1730		0.4781		0.1391		0.3472
14-15	0.8614		0.4389		0.4718		0.3231
16-17	0.8317		0.4274		0.3717		0.5710
GENDER
Male	0.5229		0.0470		0.6847		0.2063
Female	0.9170		0.7813		0.7816		0.4750
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.7050		0.5570		0.6713		0.1705
AIAN	*		*		*		*
Asian	0.5018		0.5866		0.0309		0.1182
Black or African American	0.4161		0.1077		0.6341		0.6144
NHOPI	*		*		*		*
White	0.4877		0.9946		0.5733		0.6115
Two or More Races	0.0828		0.6492		1.0000		0.1428
Hispanic or Latino	0.6908		0.1649		0.7543		0.7486
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.2786		0.0076		0.6913		0.3162
Small Metro	0.9518		0.9044		0.4799		0.5718
Nonmetro	0.5076		0.0018		0.0478		0.1122
Urbanized	0.3711		0.0365		0.4522		0.4925
Less Urbanized	0.2652		0.0052		0.0563		0.2169
Completely Rural	*		0.5240		*		*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Risk or Protective Factors data were excluded from the respective analyses. ¹ Respondents were able to select multiple categories of people that they would talk to about a serious problem, including the choice of “nobody.” Respondents who reported both a person that they would talk to and that they had nobody to talk to were excluded from the analysis. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.14C – Agreed or Strongly Agreed with Statements about Religious Beliefs: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	STATEMENTS ABOUT RELIGIOUS BELIEFS
	Religious Beliefs Are a Very Important Part of Youth’s Life		Religious Beliefs Influence Youth’s Decision Making in Life		It Is Important for Friends to Share Religious Beliefs
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	188	167	198	175	178	152
AGE GROUP
12-13	205	180	183	165	120	104
14-15	198	174	193	163	119	114
16-17	197	162	173	150	106	94
GENDER
Male	135	115	132	123	121	110
Female	127	117	135	122	125	99
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	165	140	166	147	147	130
AIAN	*	*	*	*	*	14
Asian	86	102	85	95	48	51
Black or African American	145	120	128	111	78	76
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	301	221	258	205	163	129
Two or More Races	47	39	44	39	28	28
Hispanic or Latino	96	88	99	94	92	80
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	323	317	296	273	172	155
Small Metro	265	207	219	188	139	111
Nonmetro	179	114	154	116	92	81
Urbanized	85	80	85	78	53	54
Less Urbanized	150	84	121	84	64	55
Completely Rural	59	*	46	36	*	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Religious Beliefs data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.14D – Agreed or Strongly Agreed with Statements about Religious Beliefs: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	STATEMENTS ABOUT RELIGIOUS BELIEFS
	Religious Beliefs Are a Very Important Part of Youth’s Life		Religious Beliefs Influence Youth’s Decision Making in Life		It Is Important for Friends to Share Religious Beliefs
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	0.75	0.68	0.78	0.71	0.71	0.62
AGE GROUP
12-13	1.19	1.14	1.30	1.20	1.17	1.06
14-15	1.32	1.12	1.39	1.19	1.16	1.07
16-17	1.34	1.12	1.37	1.17	1.08	0.97
GENDER
Male	1.05	0.91	1.02	0.98	0.94	0.88
Female	1.03	0.97	1.10	1.01	1.01	0.82
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.88	0.77	0.88	0.80	0.78	0.71
AIAN	*	*	*	*	*	5.08
Asian	3.40	3.13	3.60	3.00	2.92	2.86
Black or African American	1.86	1.78	1.75	1.80	1.88	1.59
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	1.09	0.94	1.10	0.95	0.97	0.82
Two or More Races	3.94	3.23	3.69	3.39	2.89	2.95
Hispanic or Latino	1.49	1.41	1.54	1.51	1.43	1.27
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	1.11	0.95	1.16	0.99	1.01	0.84
Small Metro	1.37	1.24	1.28	1.24	1.24	1.05
Nonmetro	1.60	1.80	1.52	1.69	1.75	1.85
Urbanized	2.28	2.45	2.53	2.40	2.27	2.50
Less Urbanized	2.24	2.94	2.16	2.63	2.66	2.75
Completely Rural	4.71	*	4.71	5.26	*	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Religious Beliefs data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.14P – Agreed or Strongly Agreed with Statements about Religious Beliefs: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, P Values from Tests of Differences of Percentages, 2022 Versus 2021
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	STATEMENTS ABOUT RELIGIOUS BELIEFS
	Religious Beliefs Are a Very Important Part of Youth’s Life		Religious Beliefs Influence Youth’s Decision Making in Life		It Is Important for Friends to Share Religious Beliefs
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	0.0126		0.2892		0.9916
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.1104		0.9476		0.6279
14-15	0.2824		0.4548		0.8908
16-17	0.1385		0.3407		0.5400
GENDER
Male	0.4676		0.5564		0.8701
Female	0.0040		0.3531		0.8728
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.0040		0.1750		0.9256
AIAN	*		*		*
Asian	0.0518		0.3238		0.8249
Black or African American	0.0242		0.1605		0.3212
NHOPI	*		*		*
White	0.0011		0.0820		0.5823
Two or More Races	0.6607		0.5325		0.5034
Hispanic or Latino	0.9659		0.8644		0.8936
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.1386		0.4028		0.9313
Small Metro	0.2609		0.7834		0.6822
Nonmetro	0.1817		0.8577		0.1199
Urbanized	0.7791		0.9298		0.4224
Less Urbanized	0.1764		0.7559		0.2716
Completely Rural	*		0.7148		*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Religious Beliefs data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.15C – Always or Sometimes Had Parental Involvement through Specific Behaviors in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT
	Parents Made Youth Do Chores around the House		Parents Limited Amount of Time Youth Watched TV		Parents Let Youth Know He or She Had Done a Good Job		Parents Let Youth Know They Were Proud of Something He or She Had Done
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	116	124	200	163	153	140	158	138
AGE GROUP
12-13	252	213	183	149	247	215	237	214
14-15	256	224	157	128	238	216	230	217
16-17	276	221	127	98	251	195	239	192
GENDER
Male	92	83	139	115	93	106	95	97
Female	73	88	137	117	115	104	122	102
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	99	106	170	144	115	105	119	110
AIAN	*	27	*	15	*	*	*	*
Asian	116	130	80	87	113	122	112	119
Black or African American	161	150	91	68	154	145	158	146
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	387	301	208	170	384	301	368	296
Two or More Races	69	51	40	31	63	52	63	49
Hispanic or Latino	65	61	100	88	93	86	95	80
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	441	412	251	206	418	390	404	392
Small Metro	385	270	185	138	341	252	317	244
Nonmetro	219	150	99	76	208	137	197	142
Urbanized	116	102	59	50	103	98	105	101
Less Urbanized	178	106	68	58	171	96	156	98
Completely Rural	63	*	*	*	61	*	60	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Parental Involvement data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.15D – Always or Sometimes Had Parental Involvement through Specific Behaviors in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT
	Parents Made Youth Do Chores around the House		Parents Limited Amount of Time Youth Watched TV		Parents Let Youth Know He or She Had Done a Good Job		Parents Let Youth Know They Were Proud of Something He or She Had Done
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	0.45	0.49	0.78	0.64	0.59	0.55	0.61	0.54
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.81	0.86	1.37	1.23	0.98	0.84	1.12	0.89
14-15	0.74	0.70	1.36	1.03	1.01	0.97	0.95	0.96
16-17	0.76	0.83	1.10	1.00	0.98	1.08	1.05	1.03
GENDER
Male	0.70	0.64	1.06	0.89	0.71	0.82	0.72	0.75
Female	0.58	0.70	1.09	0.95	0.91	0.84	0.97	0.82
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.52	0.56	0.89	0.77	0.60	0.56	0.62	0.58
AIAN	*	2.64	*	4.99	*	*	*	*
Asian	2.80	2.83	3.57	3.26	2.42	2.46	2.46	2.60
Black or African American	1.13	1.33	1.80	1.53	1.29	1.30	1.54	1.31
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	0.62	0.65	1.08	0.92	0.70	0.70	0.79	0.70
Two or More Races	2.36	1.99	3.30	2.98	3.18	2.21	3.22	2.53
Hispanic or Latino	0.98	0.93	1.53	1.35	1.41	1.32	1.45	1.23
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.66	0.70	1.08	0.90	0.85	0.79	0.81	0.77
Small Metro	0.85	0.74	1.28	1.10	1.18	0.87	1.25	0.94
Nonmetro	1.02	1.36	1.76	1.78	1.23	1.36	1.43	1.47
Urbanized	1.59	2.06	2.87	2.22	2.15	1.93	2.41	2.41
Less Urbanized	1.43	1.83	2.30	2.83	1.52	1.98	1.93	1.94
Completely Rural	2.91	*	*	*	3.05	*	3.52	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Parental Involvement data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.15P – Always or Sometimes Had Parental Involvement through Specific Behaviors in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, P Values from Tests of Differences of Percentages, 2022 Versus 2021
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT
	Parents Made Youth Do Chores around the House		Parents Limited Amount of Time Youth Watched TV		Parents Let Youth Know He or She Had Done a Good Job		Parents Let Youth Know They Were Proud of Something He or She Had Done
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	0.0001		0.0008		0.0599		0.2858
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.0012		0.1715		0.5674		0.3179
14-15	0.1767		0.2311		0.3450		0.3316
16-17	0.0246		0.0002		0.0087		0.0864
GENDER
Male	0.0160		0.0042		0.0418		0.0267
Female	0.0022		0.0533		0.5204		0.6140
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.0001		0.0011		0.0966		0.3379
AIAN	*		*		*		*
Asian	0.2122		0.4567		0.2064		0.0748
Black or African American	0.0341		0.0043		0.4760		0.4811
NHOPI	*		*		*		*
White	0.0023		0.0359		0.0520		0.5312
Two or More Races	0.8443		0.3587		0.1426		0.4573
Hispanic or Latino	0.4170		0.3017		0.3160		0.5992
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.0012		0.0000		0.0298		0.1455
Small Metro	0.1248		0.5946		0.8200		0.7836
Nonmetro	0.1978		0.8995		0.2825		0.7099
Urbanized	0.0924		0.5366		0.8757		0.9425
Less Urbanized	0.7127		0.8501		0.3525		0.9003
Completely Rural	*		*		*		*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Parental Involvement data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.16C – Measures of Student Characteristics of Those Enrolled in School in Past Year: Among Students Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	STUDENT CHARACTERISTICS
	Participated in One or Fewer Activities¹		Saw or Heard Drug or Alcohol Prevention Messages in School		Youth Liked a Lot or Kind of Liked Going to School		Grade Average for Last Completed Period Was “D” or Lower²
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	251	185	406	382	478	424	99	78
AGE GROUP
12-13	135	88	189	164	221	194	50	39
14-15	109	92	198	193	226	188	45	44
16-17	130	108	180	170	202	184	62	44
GENDER
Male	161	127	244	241	308	266	69	60
Female	159	116	251	227	271	248	65	49
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	178	133	326	313	395	345	84	62
AIAN	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	46	39	92	111	110	119	8	19
Black or African American	72	53	111	102	135	117	31	26
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	147	112	273	238	341	261	69	47
Two or More Races	40	18	50	40	58	45	12	10
Hispanic or Latino	166	115	220	171	248	196	54	47
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	167	143	291	321	347	344	75	55
Small Metro	165	102	259	187	296	228	49	51
Nonmetro	94	66	160	115	172	116	45	19
Urbanized	45	38	78	84	95	84	25	11
Less Urbanized	79	45	136	77	135	77	38	16
Completely Rural	26	*	40	*	*	*	8	3
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Student Characteristics data were excluded from the respective analyses. NOTE: Youths who did not report their school enrollment status or reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months were excluded from this analysis. Youths reporting that they were “home-schooled” in the past 12 months were considered to be enrolled in school. ¹ The number of activities participated in is based on four questions: participation in school-based activities, community-based activities, church or faith-based activities, and other activities. For each question, the response categories include “None,” “One,” “Two,” and “3 or more.” Respondents were excluded from the analysis if they had unknown data for at least three of the questions and if their known responses did not place them in the recoded “Two or more” category. ² Respondents reporting that their school does not give these grades were excluded from the analysis. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.16D – Measures of Student Characteristics of Those Enrolled in School in Past Year: Among Students Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	STUDENT CHARACTERISTICS
	Participated in One or Fewer Activities¹		Saw or Heard Drug or Alcohol Prevention Messages in School		Youth Liked a Lot or Kind of Liked Going to School		Grade Average for Last Completed Period Was “D” or Lower²
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	0.77	0.62	0.75	0.72	0.71	0.65	0.41	0.32
AGE GROUP
12-13	1.32	1.00	1.40	1.25	1.18	1.02	0.65	0.54
14-15	1.15	0.94	1.30	1.12	1.12	1.09	0.57	0.53
16-17	1.24	1.17	1.23	1.33	1.26	1.14	0.75	0.55
GENDER
Male	1.01	0.84	1.10	0.97	0.98	0.90	0.56	0.49
Female	1.06	0.83	1.10	0.98	1.06	0.87	0.56	0.43
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.81	0.64	0.85	0.78	0.80	0.68	0.45	0.35
AIAN	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	2.80	2.31	3.31	2.97	2.67	2.44	0.60	1.26
Black or African American	1.74	1.47	2.23	1.90	1.48	1.56	0.98	0.89
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	0.95	0.78	1.02	0.92	1.05	0.84	0.54	0.39
Two or More Races	3.81	2.13	3.68	3.17	3.26	2.60	1.46	1.37
Hispanic or Latino	1.63	1.54	1.58	1.72	1.66	1.54	0.90	0.77
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.95	0.84	1.06	0.95	0.94	0.92	0.57	0.40
Small Metro	1.62	1.05	1.35	1.37	1.37	1.05	0.69	0.67
Nonmetro	1.68	1.88	1.83	1.92	1.69	1.72	1.13	0.71
Urbanized	2.51	2.56	2.68	3.08	2.64	2.35	1.70	1.05
Less Urbanized	2.35	2.81	2.59	2.71	2.12	2.54	1.68	1.19
Completely Rural	4.59	*	4.61	*	*	*	2.44	1.04
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Student Characteristics data were excluded from the respective analyses. NOTE: Youths who did not report their school enrollment status or reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months were excluded from this analysis. Youths reporting that they were “home-schooled” in the past 12 months were considered to be enrolled in school. ¹ The number of activities participated in is based on four questions: participation in school-based activities, community-based activities, church or faith-based activities, and other activities. For each question, the response categories include “None,” “One,” “Two,” and “3 or more.” Respondents were excluded from the analysis if they had unknown data for at least three of the questions and if their known responses did not place them in the recoded “Two or more” category. ² Respondents reporting that their school does not give these grades were excluded from the analysis. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.16P – Measures of Student Characteristics of Those Enrolled in School in Past Year: Among Students Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, P Values from Tests of Differences of Percentages, 2022 Versus 2021
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	STUDENT CHARACTERISTICS
	Participated in One or Fewer Activities¹		Saw or Heard Drug or Alcohol Prevention Messages in School		Youth Liked a Lot or Kind of Liked Going to School		Grade Average for Last Completed Period Was “D” or Lower²
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	0.0000		0.0000		0.1061		0.0085
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.0023		0.0031		0.1287		0.0382
14-15	0.0218		0.0174		0.7907		0.2455
16-17	0.0071		0.1032		0.1076		0.1108
GENDER
Male	0.0005		0.0001		0.4734		0.0270
Female	0.0015		0.0542		0.1197		0.1108
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.0000		0.0000		0.2982		0.0300
AIAN	*		*		*		*
Asian	0.1002		0.3816		0.4241		0.2672
Black or African American	0.0059		0.0705		0.2445		0.2346
NHOPI	*		*		*		*
White	0.0118		0.0000		0.3474		0.0835
Two or More Races	0.0177		0.5630		0.4165		0.8982
Hispanic or Latino	0.0180		0.5781		0.1863		0.1180
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.0024		0.0001		0.0825		0.0113
Small Metro	0.0023		0.5448		0.8070		0.6318
Nonmetro	0.4693		0.0190		0.9294		0.0078
Urbanized	0.9922		0.0338		0.6815		0.1275
Less Urbanized	0.3429		0.1991		0.6522		0.0761
Completely Rural	*		*		*		0.1008
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Student Characteristics data were excluded from the respective analyses. NOTE: Youths who did not report their school enrollment status or reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months were excluded from this analysis. Youths reporting that they were “home-schooled” in the past 12 months were considered to be enrolled in school. ¹ The number of activities participated in is based on four questions: participation in school-based activities, community-based activities, church or faith-based activities, and other activities. For each question, the response categories include “None,” “One,” “Two,” and “3 or more.” Respondents were excluded from the analysis if they had unknown data for at least three of the questions and if their known responses did not place them in the recoded “Two or more” category. ² Respondents reporting that their school does not give these grades were excluded from the analysis. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.17C – Students Enrolled in School in Past Year Who Always or Sometimes Had Adult Involvement through Specific School-Related Behaviors: Among Students Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	ADULT INVOLVEMENT
	Teacher Let Youth Know He or She Was Doing a Good Job with School Work		Parents Checked That Youth Did Homework		Parents Provided Help with Homework		Parents Limited Time Youth Went Out with Friends on a School Night
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	482	415	515	455	478	428	417	349
AGE GROUP
12-13	221	193	237	199	232	198	187	153
14-15	219	183	236	211	220	197	202	175
16-17	222	186	231	187	206	182	185	152
GENDER
Male	296	259	319	289	298	279	249	212
Female	284	246	295	265	282	243	261	215
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	391	342	421	365	400	358	348	284
AIAN	*	22	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	107	124	106	122	104	106	87	97
Black or African American	144	134	150	125	143	128	114	97
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	323	251	358	280	351	279	291	223
Two or More Races	64	48	72	46	63	48	55	35
Hispanic or Latino	252	192	280	220	238	184	200	177
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	374	349	399	371	377	354	295	274
Small Metro	295	209	318	241	283	223	272	190
Nonmetro	171	119	182	129	176	131	150	113
Urbanized	96	84	100	84	101	95	83	82
Less Urbanized	133	87	148	96	138	88	117	72
Completely Rural	*	*	*	*	*	*	44	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Youths who did not report their school enrollment status or reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months were excluded from this analysis. Youths reporting that they were “home-schooled” in the past 12 months were considered to be enrolled in school. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Adult Involvement data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

230609

Table 3.17D – Students Enrolled in School in Past Year Who Always or Sometimes Had Adult Involvement through Specific School-Related Behaviors: Among Students Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	ADULT INVOLVEMENT
	Teacher Let Youth Know He or She Was Doing a Good Job with School Work		Parents Checked That Youth Did Homework		Parents Provided Help with Homework		Parents Limited Time Youth Went Out with Friends on a School Night
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	0.70	0.68	0.58	0.57	0.68	0.57	0.85	0.71
AGE GROUP
12-13	1.02	1.00	0.82	0.84	0.93	0.85	1.38	1.21
14-15	1.22	1.09	1.01	0.99	1.02	1.07	1.33	1.16
16-17	1.28	1.31	1.00	1.10	1.26	1.16	1.38	1.27
GENDER
Male	1.00	0.91	0.66	0.73	0.86	0.84	1.13	1.00
Female	1.03	0.98	0.88	0.89	0.98	0.89	1.12	0.98
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.81	0.68	0.68	0.64	0.75	0.63	0.94	0.81
AIAN	*	3.89	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	2.72	2.44	2.97	3.03	3.24	2.79	3.50	3.18
Black or African American	1.40	1.45	1.41	1.50	1.77	1.58	2.04	1.72
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	1.00	0.83	0.85	0.76	0.92	0.73	1.12	0.97
Two or More Races	3.40	2.95	1.78	2.90	3.10	2.96	3.72	3.41
Hispanic or Latino	1.46	1.60	1.10	1.26	1.57	1.41	1.78	1.54
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	1.00	0.93	0.78	0.78	0.85	0.78	1.16	0.94
Small Metro	1.32	1.16	1.00	0.94	1.34	1.07	1.53	1.26
Nonmetro	1.71	1.73	1.55	1.48	1.93	1.41	1.69	2.07
Urbanized	2.49	2.40	2.15	2.21	2.55	1.81	2.95	3.37
Less Urbanized	2.42	2.64	2.26	2.03	3.13	2.04	2.23	2.80
Completely Rural	*	*	*	*	*	*	4.58	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Youths who did not report their school enrollment status or reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months were excluded from this analysis. Youths reporting that they were “home-schooled” in the past 12 months were considered to be enrolled in school. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Adult Involvement data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

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Table 3.17P – Students Enrolled in School in Past Year Who Always or Sometimes Had Adult Involvement through Specific School-Related Behaviors: Among Students Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, P Values from Tests of Differences of Percentages, 2022 Versus 2021
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	ADULT INVOLVEMENT
	Teacher Let Youth Know He or She Was Doing a Good Job with School Work		Parents Checked That Youth Did Homework		Parents Provided Help with Homework		Parents Limited Time Youth Went Out with Friends on a School Night
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	0.7332		0.0000		0.0042		0.0784
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.8976		0.0028		0.3975		0.5927
14-15	0.8704		0.0335		0.0095		0.3655
16-17	0.6160		0.0000		0.1395		0.0860
GENDER
Male	0.9746		0.0001		0.1176		0.0751
Female	0.6512		0.0004		0.0152		0.4187
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.6426		0.0001		0.0852		0.0326
AIAN	*		*		*		*
Asian	0.6291		0.8317		0.9277		0.9217
Black or African American	0.8126		0.0174		0.3256		0.4476
NHOPI	*		*		*		*
White	0.8361		0.0053		0.0806		0.0479
Two or More Races	0.9412		0.0042		0.7231		0.0343
Hispanic or Latino	0.9676		0.0003		0.0259		0.9326
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.5277		0.0002		0.0485		0.3137
Small Metro	0.7995		0.0001		0.0337		0.1056
Nonmetro	0.8417		0.5253		1.0000		0.9947
Urbanized	0.9615		0.1286		0.4819		0.7029
Less Urbanized	0.8453		0.7010		0.9531		0.4706
Completely Rural	*		*		*		*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Youths who did not report their school enrollment status or reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months were excluded from this analysis. Youths reporting that they were “home-schooled” in the past 12 months were considered to be enrolled in school. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Adult Involvement data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

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Table 3.18C – Students Enrolled in School in Past Year who Perceived That All or Most Students in Grade Level Use Specific Substances: Among Students Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE OF STUDENTS IN GRADE LEVEL
	Smoke Cigarettes		Use Marijuana		Drink Alcoholic Beverages		Get Drunk at Least Once a Week
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	121	115	201	190	225	205	97	108
AGE GROUP
12-13	42	47	39	52	47	50	27	21
14-15	51	69	89	101	107	103	57	61
16-17	89	68	160	126	168	145	73	78
GENDER
Male	66	69	104	111	113	116	62	65
Female	93	85	157	141	172	149	75	80
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	106	87	169	147	189	161	79	87
AIAN	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	19	21	35	43	48	40	27	21
Black or African American	33	46	67	74	58	56	25	40
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	91	69	141	109	167	132	68	63
Two or More Races	18	18	33	28	31	27	12	17
Hispanic or Latino	56	74	99	113	107	114	56	64
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	87	91	138	150	155	150	71	84
Small Metro	73	58	122	104	139	121	58	57
Nonmetro	44	39	85	52	96	70	35	33
Urbanized	22	28	49	34	47	44	26	21
Less Urbanized	33	25	68	32	80	42	22	23
Completely Rural	*	*	13	*	23	*	8	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Youths who did not report their school enrollment status or reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months, or reported that they were “home-schooled” in the past 12 months were excluded from this analysis. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Substance Use in Grade Level data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

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Table 3.18D – Students Enrolled in School in Past Year who Perceived That All or Most Students in Grade Level Use Specific Substances: Among Students Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE OF STUDENTS IN GRADE LEVEL
	Smoke Cigarettes		Use Marijuana		Drink Alcoholic Beverages		Get Drunk at Least Once a Week
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	0.48	0.46	0.70	0.62	0.74	0.64	0.40	0.44
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.55	0.63	0.51	0.70	0.59	0.67	0.36	0.28
14-15	0.63	0.79	1.04	1.06	1.18	1.06	0.72	0.74
16-17	1.06	0.85	1.46	1.18	1.45	1.21	0.91	0.94
GENDER
Male	0.53	0.57	0.80	0.82	0.87	0.84	0.52	0.54
Female	0.77	0.67	1.09	0.89	1.08	0.95	0.62	0.65
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.55	0.48	0.79	0.69	0.84	0.69	0.44	0.48
AIAN	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	1.48	1.35	2.62	2.53	3.38	2.35	2.14	1.49
Black or African American	1.01	1.46	1.76	1.97	1.62	1.62	0.76	1.30
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	0.68	0.55	0.95	0.76	1.03	0.82	0.55	0.50
Two or More Races	2.18	2.13	3.65	3.02	3.39	3.11	1.56	2.17
Hispanic or Latino	0.95	1.09	1.37	1.41	1.40	1.53	0.94	1.03
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.65	0.62	0.90	0.80	0.93	0.79	0.54	0.59
Small Metro	0.93	0.74	1.38	1.12	1.49	1.21	0.77	0.73
Nonmetro	0.99	1.30	1.73	1.67	1.83	2.04	0.95	1.16
Urbanized	1.42	2.11	2.84	2.69	2.63	2.92	1.77	1.74
Less Urbanized	1.38	1.83	2.39	2.27	2.63	2.70	1.20	1.66
Completely Rural	*	*	3.04	*	4.57	*	2.17	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details. NOTE: Youths who did not report their school enrollment status or reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months, or reported that they were “home-schooled” in the past 12 months were excluded from this analysis. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Substance Use in Grade Level data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

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Table 3.18P – Students Enrolled in School in Past Year who Perceived That All or Most Students in Grade Level Use Specific Substances: Among Students Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, P Values from Tests of Differences of Percentages, 2022 Versus 2021
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE OF STUDENTS IN GRADE LEVEL
	Smoke Cigarettes		Use Marijuana		Drink Alcoholic Beverages		Get Drunk at Least Once a Week
	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022	2021	2022
TOTAL	0.0000		0.0000		0.0218		0.0060
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.0002		0.0000		0.0507		0.7835
14-15	0.0000		0.0003		0.1743		0.2430
16-17	0.5340		0.0984		0.1546		0.0052
GENDER
Male	0.0045		0.0003		0.0379		0.2799
Female	0.0006		0.0063		0.1991		0.0058
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.0034		0.0240		0.1167		0.0472
AIAN	*		*		*		*
Asian	0.4402		0.3042		0.8118		0.9426
Black or African American	0.0000		0.0022		0.0319		0.0001
NHOPI	*		*		*		*
White	0.1181		0.2505		0.2737		0.6928
Two or More Races	0.1036		0.3624		0.4284		0.1744
Hispanic or Latino	0.0006		0.0000		0.0783		0.0476
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.0004		0.0003		0.1031		0.0313
Small Metro	0.0480		0.0030		0.0831		0.0589
Nonmetro	0.0098		0.8675		0.5361		0.6910
Urbanized	0.0000		0.9511		0.3771		0.9934
Less Urbanized	0.5664		0.2625		0.3918		0.6390
Completely Rural	*		*		*		*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Youths who did not report their school enrollment status or reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months, or reported that they were “home-schooled” in the past 12 months were excluded from this analysis. NOTE: Respondents with unknown Substance Use in Grade Level data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.