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230725
Table 6.1A – Any Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Gender and Detailed Age Category, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Age Category Total
(2021)		 Total
(2022)		 Male
(2021)		 Male
(2022)		 Female
(2021)		 Female
(2022)
TOTAL 58,451 59,286 22,335b 24,627 36,116 34,659
18-25 11,536b 12,583 4,376b 5,210 7,160 7,373
18-20 4,362 4,499 1,567b 2,024 2,795 2,476
21-25 7,174a 8,084 2,809 3,186 4,365 4,897
26 or Older 46,916 46,703 17,959 19,417 28,956 27,286
26-49 29,150 30,160 11,668b 13,045 17,483 17,115
26-29 5,935 6,195 2,254 2,700 3,682 3,494
30-34 7,484 7,912 3,217 3,478 4,267 4,434
35-39 6,274 6,271 2,487 2,742 3,787 3,528
40-44 5,082 5,371 1,904a 2,419 3,178 2,951
45-49 4,375 4,413 1,807 1,705 2,568 2,707
50 or Older 17,765 16,543 6,292 6,372 11,474 10,171
50-54 4,332 3,770 1,569 1,201 2,762 2,569
55-59 3,460 3,235 1,240 1,551 2,220 1,685
60-64 3,488 3,587 1,222 1,582 2,266 2,005
65 or Older 6,485 5,951 2,260 2,039 4,225 3,912
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.1B – Any Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Gender and Detailed Age Category, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Age Category Total
(2021)		 Total
(2022)		 Male
(2021)		 Male
(2022)		 Female
(2021)		 Female
(2022)
TOTAL 23.0 23.1 18.1a 19.7 27.7 26.4
18-25 34.5 36.2 26.2b 29.8 42.8 42.6
18-20 33.4 34.8 23.2b 29.5 44.2 40.9
21-25 35.2 37.0 28.2 30.0 41.9 43.6
26 or Older 21.3 21.1 16.8 18.0 25.5 24.0
26-49 28.5 29.4 23.0a 25.4 33.9 33.4
26-29 34.0 36.4 26.0a 31.4 41.9 41.5
30-34 32.9 34.1 28.4 30.1 37.4 38.1
35-39 28.2 28.4 22.0 24.6 34.5 32.4
40-44 24.9 25.8 19.3 23.1 30.1 28.6
45-49 22.5 22.6 18.6 17.9 26.2 27.1
50 or Older 15.0 13.9 11.2 11.3 18.5a 16.2
50-54 22.1 19.1 16.6 13.2 27.1 24.0
55-59 16.2 16.2 11.3 15.0 21.4 17.5
60-64 15.7 15.8 11.5 14.0 19.5 17.7
65 or Older 11.8 10.5 9.1 8.0 14.1 12.6
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.2A – Any Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 58,451 59,286 11,536b 12,583 46,916 46,703 29,150 30,160 17,765 16,543
GENDER                    
Male 22,335b 24,627 4,376b 5,210 17,959 19,417 11,668b 13,045 6,292 6,372
Female 36,116 34,659 7,160 7,373 28,956 27,286 17,483 17,115 11,474 10,171
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino 49,640 49,836 9,280a 9,903 40,360 39,933 24,524 25,219 15,836 14,714
AIAN 425a 243 * 66 285 178 * 133 * 45
Asian 2,452 2,587 591 754 1,861 1,833 1,325 1,291 536 542
Black or African American 6,609 6,095 1,206 1,308 5,402 4,787 3,187 3,257 2,215a 1,530
NHOPI 163 * * * * * * * * *
White 38,374 38,875 6,931 7,285 31,443 31,590 18,911 19,655 12,533 11,935
Two or More Races 1,617 1,778 364 478 1,253 1,300 818 797 436 503
Hispanic or Latino 8,811 9,450 2,256a 2,680 6,555 6,770 4,626 4,941 1,929 1,829
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time 25,008a 26,982 4,254 4,773 20,754 22,209 16,065b 17,967 4,690 4,242
Part-Time 9,207 9,278 3,186 3,627 6,021 5,651 3,951 3,702 2,070 1,950
Unemployed 4,316a 3,689 1,196 1,169 3,119a 2,519 2,302 1,921 817 598
Other1 19,920 19,337 2,899 3,013 17,021 16,324 6,832 6,570 10,188 9,754
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.2B – Any Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 23.0 23.1 34.5 36.2 21.3 21.1 28.5 29.4 15.0 13.9
GENDER                    
Male 18.1a 19.7 26.2b 29.8 16.8 18.0 23.0a 25.4 11.2 11.3
Female 27.7 26.4 42.8 42.6 25.5 24.0 33.9 33.4 18.5a 16.2
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino 23.6 23.5 36.2 37.3 21.8 21.5 30.3 31.1 15.2 14.1
AIAN 25.9 19.6 * 31.3 21.8 17.2 * 24.1 * 9.3
Asian 16.4 16.8 30.2 33.3 14.4 13.9 17.9 17.3 9.6 9.5
Black or African American 21.6 19.7 26.6 28.0 20.7 18.2 23.9 24.3 17.4b 11.9
NHOPI 16.1 * * * * * * * * *
White 24.3 24.6 39.1 39.9 22.4 22.6 33.0 34.5 15.1 14.4
Two or More Races 35.4 35.2 39.3 47.6 34.4 32.1 40.1 36.6 27.2 27.0
Hispanic or Latino 20.4 21.4 28.8 32.4 18.6 18.8 21.8 23.0 13.7 12.6
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time 21.9 22.8 33.5 33.9 20.4 21.3 25.0a 27.1 12.6 11.2
Part-Time 30.3 28.3 39.0 41.3 27.1a 23.5 38.3a 33.1 17.4 15.2
Unemployed 33.0 33.5 37.7 36.4 31.5 32.3 35.7 38.1 23.5 21.6
Other1 20.7 20.6 30.8a 34.6 19.6 19.1 32.1 32.9 15.6 14.9
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.3A – Any Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 58,451 59,286 11,536b 12,583 46,916 46,703 29,150 30,160 17,765 16,543
GEOGRAPHIC REGION                    
Northeast 9,380 9,805 1,899 2,004 7,481 7,802 4,826 4,986 2,654 2,816
Midwest 12,407 12,964 2,588 2,623 9,820 10,341 6,310 6,436 3,510 3,905
South 22,010 21,382 4,225a 4,644 17,785 16,738 10,607 10,701 7,177a 6,037
West 14,654 15,135 2,824b 3,313 11,831 11,822 7,407 8,038 4,423 3,784
COUNTY TYPE                    
Large Metro 30,550 31,197 6,089 6,817 24,461 24,380 15,927 16,029 8,534 8,351
Small Metro 18,786 20,311 3,843a 4,400 14,943 15,911 9,186a 10,338 5,757 5,572
Nonmetro 9,115 7,778 1,603 1,366 7,512 6,413 4,037 3,793 3,475a 2,620
Urbanized 3,603 3,317 819 660 2,785 2,657 1,651 1,602 1,134 1,055
Less Urbanized 4,556 3,798 670 650 3,886 3,148 2,031 1,941 1,855a 1,207
Completely Rural 955 663 * 55 841 608 355 250 486 *
POVERTY LEVEL1                    
Less Than 100% 11,083 10,459 2,807 2,707 8,276 7,752 4,786 4,647 3,490 3,105
100-199% 13,661 12,663 2,852 3,064 10,809 9,600 6,009 5,757 4,800 3,842
200% or More 33,663a 36,161 5,832b 6,810 27,831 29,351 18,355 19,756 9,476 9,596
EDUCATION LEVEL                    
< High School 5,540 5,214 1,038 1,208 4,502 4,006 2,020 1,863 2,482 2,144
High School Graduate 14,062 14,235 3,303 3,648 10,759 10,587 5,829 6,235 4,930 4,351
Some College/Associate’s Degree 21,199 20,777 5,417 5,575 15,781 15,202 9,890 9,970 5,892 5,232
College Graduate 17,651a 19,060 1,777a 2,152 15,873 16,908 11,412 12,092 4,462 4,816
HEALTH INSURANCE2                    
Private 32,105 33,891 7,005a 7,820 25,100 26,071 16,357a 17,907 8,743 8,165
Medicaid/CHIP 15,014 15,340 2,767 3,138 12,247 12,202 7,661 7,810 4,586 4,392
Other3 14,083a 12,398 947 905 13,136a 11,493 3,503 2,981 9,633 8,512
No Coverage 6,028 5,856 1,349 1,366 4,679 4,490 3,766 3,431 913 1,059
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.3B – Any Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 23.0 23.1 34.5 36.2 21.3 21.1 28.5 29.4 15.0 13.9
GEOGRAPHIC REGION                    
Northeast 20.9 21.8 33.2 33.9 19.2 20.0 27.7 28.7 12.3 13.0
Midwest 23.6 24.6 36.4 35.9 21.6 22.7 30.7 31.4 14.1 15.6
South 22.8 21.8 33.3 34.8 21.2 19.8 27.3 27.3 16.0a 13.3
West 24.4 25.0 35.6a 40.2 22.7 22.6 29.1 31.6 16.6 14.1
COUNTY TYPE                    
Large Metro 22.3 22.1 34.5 35.7 20.5 20.0 27.5 27.2 14.0 13.2
Small Metro 24.2 25.0 35.1 37.6 22.4 22.8 30.2 31.9 15.8 15.0
Nonmetro 23.2 23.0 33.1 34.3 21.8 21.5 28.9b 33.6 16.9 14.1
Urbanized 24.6 23.3 40.5 37.5 22.1 21.3 31.8 32.8 15.3 13.9
Less Urbanized 22.2 22.3 28.5 33.0 21.4 20.9 27.6b 35.1 17.2 12.7
Completely Rural 22.9 25.7 * 22.0 22.8 26.1 25.4 28.2 21.1 *
POVERTY LEVEL1                    
Less Than 100% 29.3 28.9 33.2 33.6 28.1 27.5 30.8 30.6 25.1 24.0
100-199% 26.9 25.4 35.6 36.1 25.3 23.2 29.7 29.9 21.3 17.4
200% or More 20.4 21.2 34.6a 37.3 18.8 19.3 27.6 29.0 11.6 11.4
EDUCATION LEVEL                    
< High School 19.6 21.4 28.2a 33.7 18.3 19.3 20.8 23.5 16.7 16.7
High School Graduate 20.3 20.6 31.3 31.4 18.3 18.4 24.1 26.7 14.2 12.7
Some College/Associate’s Degree 27.5 26.7 38.3 40.1 25.0 23.8 33.1 33.5 17.8 15.4
College Graduate 22.3 22.4 35.0 37.8 21.5 21.3 29.6 29.2 12.6 12.7
HEALTH INSURANCE2                    
Private 20.8 21.7 37.1 39.3 18.5 19.2 26.2 27.9 12.0 11.4
Medicaid/CHIP 31.6 31.9 31.8 33.9 31.6 31.4 35.1 35.9 27.1 25.7
Other3 18.7b 16.2 37.2 32.2 18.1b 15.5 38.4a 32.5 15.1a 13.1
No Coverage 24.3 25.2 28.1 29.5 23.4 24.1 26.2 26.0 16.3 19.6
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.4A – Serious Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Gender and Detailed Age Category, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Age Category Total
(2021)		 Total
(2022)		 Male
(2021)		 Male
(2022)		 Female
(2021)		 Female
(2022)
TOTAL 14,526 15,360 5,020a 6,019 9,506 9,341
18-25 4,012 4,031 1,199a 1,493 2,813 2,539
18-20 1,565 1,405 424 538 1,141a 867
21-25 2,447 2,626 775 955 1,672 1,672
26 or Older 10,513 11,329 3,820 4,526 6,693 6,803
26-49 7,448 7,809 2,918 3,290 4,530 4,519
26-29 1,717 1,580 561 619 1,157 961
30-34 1,839a 2,264 697a 964 1,142 1,300
35-39 1,759 1,577 712 746 1,047 831
40-44 1,015 1,251 440 568 575 683
45-49 1,117 1,137 509 393 608 744
50 or Older 3,066 3,520 902 1,236 2,164 2,284
50-54 955 1,068 308 276 647 792
55-59 776 834 282 472 494 361
60-64 619 802 141 349 478 453
65 or Older 715 817 171 139 544 677
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.4B – Serious Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Gender and Detailed Age Category, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Age Category Total
(2021)		 Total
(2022)		 Male
(2021)		 Male
(2022)		 Female
(2021)		 Female
(2022)
TOTAL 5.7 6.0 4.1a 4.8 7.3 7.1
18-25 12.0 11.6 7.2 8.5 16.8 14.7
18-20 12.0 10.9 6.3 7.8 18.1a 14.3
21-25 12.0 12.0 7.8 9.0 16.1 14.9
26 or Older 4.8 5.1 3.6 4.2 5.9 6.0
26-49 7.3 7.6 5.7 6.4 8.8 8.8
26-29 9.8 9.3 6.5 7.2 13.2 11.4
30-34 8.1 9.8 6.2 8.4 10.0 11.2
35-39 7.9 7.2 6.3 6.7 9.5 7.6
40-44 5.0 6.0 4.5 5.4 5.5 6.6
45-49 5.7 5.8 5.3 4.1 6.2 7.4
50 or Older 2.6 3.0 1.6 2.2 3.5 3.6
50-54 4.9 5.4 3.3 3.0 6.3 7.4
55-59 3.6 4.2 2.6 4.6 4.8 3.7
60-64 2.8 3.5 1.3 3.1 4.1 4.0
65 or Older 1.3 1.4 0.7 0.5 1.8 2.2
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.5A – Serious Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 14,526 15,360 4,012 4,031 10,513 11,329 7,448 7,809 3,066 3,520
GENDER                    
Male 5,020a 6,019 1,199a 1,493 3,820 4,526 2,918 3,290 902 1,236
Female 9,506 9,341 2,813 2,539 6,693 6,803 4,530 4,519 2,164 2,284
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino 12,266 13,031 3,193 3,195 9,073 9,836 6,430 6,691 2,643 3,145
AIAN 153 91 * * 74 61 29 49 * 11
Asian 469 626 150a 324 318 302 256 191 * 111
Black or African American 1,323 1,467 384 341 939 1,126 681 801 257 325
NHOPI 57 43 * * * 42 * * * *
White 9,874 10,207 2,427 2,341 7,447 7,866 5,243 5,298 2,204 2,568
Two or More Races 389a 598 132 159 257a 439 182a 324 75 115
Hispanic or Latino 2,260 2,330 820 837 1,441 1,493 1,018 1,118 422 375
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time 5,778 6,390 1,390 1,558 4,388 4,832 3,568 4,051 820 781
Part-Time 2,482 2,717 1,099 1,170 1,383 1,547 1,077 1,118 306 429
Unemployed 1,223 1,149 486 361 737 787 625 663 112 124
Other1 5,043 5,105 1,036 942 4,007 4,163 2,178 1,977 1,828 2,186
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.5B – Serious Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 5.7 6.0 12.0 11.6 4.8 5.1 7.3 7.6 2.6 3.0
GENDER                    
Male 4.1a 4.8 7.2 8.5 3.6 4.2 5.7 6.4 1.6 2.2
Female 7.3 7.1 16.8 14.7 5.9 6.0 8.8 8.8 3.5 3.6
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino 5.8 6.1 12.5 12.0 4.9 5.3 7.9 8.3 2.5 3.0
AIAN 9.3 7.3 * * 5.6 5.9 5.0 9.0 * 2.3
Asian 3.1 4.1 7.7a 14.3 2.5 2.3 3.5 2.6 * 1.9
Black or African American 4.3 4.7 8.5 7.3 3.6 4.3 5.1 6.0 2.0 2.5
NHOPI 5.7 3.5 * * * 3.9 * * * *
White 6.3 6.5 13.7 12.8 5.3 5.6 9.2 9.3 2.7 3.1
Two or More Races 8.5 11.8 14.3 15.8 7.1 10.9 8.9a 14.9 4.7 6.1
Hispanic or Latino 5.2 5.3 10.5 10.1 4.1 4.1 4.8 5.2 3.0 2.6
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time 5.1 5.4 10.9 11.1 4.3 4.6 5.6 6.1 2.2 2.1
Part-Time 8.2 8.3 13.5 13.3 6.2 6.4 10.4 10.0 2.6 3.3
Unemployed 9.3 10.4 15.3 11.3 7.4 10.1 9.7 13.2 3.2 4.5
Other1 5.3 5.4 11.0 10.8 4.6 4.9 10.2 9.9 2.8 3.3
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.6A – Serious Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 14,526 15,360 4,012 4,031 10,513 11,329 7,448 7,809 3,066 3,520
GEOGRAPHIC REGION                    
Northeast 2,153 2,323 621 624 1,532 1,698 1,188 1,198 344 501
Midwest 3,051 3,334 828 811 2,223 2,523 1,669 1,746 554 777
South 5,538 5,764 1,529 1,523 4,009 4,240 2,710 2,841 1,299 1,399
West 3,783 3,940 1,034 1,073 2,749 2,867 1,881 2,024 868 843
COUNTY TYPE                    
Large Metro 7,066 7,675 2,073 2,147 4,994 5,528 3,657 3,865 1,336 1,663
Small Metro 5,068 5,539 1,358 1,429 3,710 4,110 2,657 2,919 1,053 1,190
Nonmetro 2,392 2,147 582 455 1,810 1,692 1,134 1,025 676 667
Urbanized 999 918 289 239 710 679 517 431 193 248
Less Urbanized 1,200 998 235 196 965 801 544 538 421 263
Completely Rural 192 231 58 * 134 211 72 55 62 *
POVERTY LEVEL1                    
Less Than 100% 3,176 3,085 948 790 2,228 2,295 1,460 1,493 768 801
100-199% 3,509 3,691 1,093 1,053 2,416 2,638 1,655 1,520 761 1,118
200% or More 7,837 8,584 1,968 2,188 5,869 6,396 4,333 4,796 1,536 1,600
EDUCATION LEVEL                    
< High School 1,205 1,272 325 394 880 878 448 421 432 457
High School Graduate 3,446a 4,110 1,241 1,313 2,205 2,796 1,328a 1,712 876 1,084
Some College/Associate’s Degree 6,272 5,829 1,979 1,765 4,293 4,064 3,177 2,964 1,116 1,100
College Graduate 3,603 4,150 467 559 3,136 3,591 2,494 2,712 642 879
HEALTH INSURANCE2                    
Private 7,206a 8,179 2,431 2,491 4,775a 5,687 3,630 4,165 1,145 1,523
Medicaid/CHIP 4,149a 4,942 959 1,035 3,191a 3,908 2,248 2,515 943 1,393
Other3 3,071 2,929 315 319 2,756 2,610 1,149 884 1,607 1,726
No Coverage 1,718 1,512 472 427 1,246 1,084 1,048 887 198 197
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.6B – Serious Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 5.7 6.0 12.0 11.6 4.8 5.1 7.3 7.6 2.6 3.0
GEOGRAPHIC REGION                    
Northeast 4.8 5.2 10.8 10.6 3.9 4.3 6.8 6.9 1.6 2.3
Midwest 5.8 6.3 11.7 11.1 4.9 5.6 8.1 8.5 2.2 3.1
South 5.7 5.9 12.0 11.4 4.8 5.0 7.0 7.2 2.9 3.1
West 6.3 6.5 13.0 13.0 5.3 5.5 7.4 7.9 3.3 3.1
COUNTY TYPE                    
Large Metro 5.2 5.4 11.7 11.2 4.2 4.5 6.3 6.6 2.2 2.6
Small Metro 6.5 6.8 12.4 12.2 5.6 5.9 8.7 9.0 2.9 3.2
Nonmetro 6.1 6.3 12.0 11.4 5.2 5.7 8.1 9.1 3.3 3.6
Urbanized 6.8 6.5 14.3 13.6 5.6 5.4 10.0 8.8 2.6 3.3
Less Urbanized 5.8 5.9 10.0 10.0 5.3 5.3 7.4 9.7 3.9 2.8
Completely Rural 4.6 9.0 12.5 * 3.6 9.1 5.1 6.2 2.7 *
POVERTY LEVEL1                    
Less Than 100% 8.4 8.5 11.2 9.8 7.6 8.2 9.4 9.8 5.5 6.2
100-199% 6.9 7.4 13.6 12.4 5.6 6.4 8.2 7.9 3.4 5.1
200% or More 4.7 5.0 11.7 12.0 4.0 4.2 6.5 7.0 1.9 1.9
EDUCATION LEVEL                    
< High School 4.3 5.2 8.8 11.0 3.6 4.2 4.6 5.3 2.9 3.6
High School Graduate 5.0a 5.9 11.8 11.3 3.7a 4.9 5.5a 7.3 2.5 3.2
Some College/Associate’s Degree 8.1 7.5 14.0 12.7 6.8 6.4 10.6 9.9 3.4 3.2
College Graduate 4.6 4.9 9.2 9.8 4.2 4.5 6.5 6.5 1.8 2.3
HEALTH INSURANCE2                    
Private 4.7a 5.2 12.9 12.5 3.5a 4.2 5.8 6.5 1.6 2.1
Medicaid/CHIP 8.7a 10.3 11.0 11.2 8.2a 10.1 10.3 11.6 5.6 8.1
Other3 4.1 3.8 12.4 11.4 3.8 3.5 12.6 9.6 2.5 2.7
No Coverage 6.9 6.5 9.8 9.2 6.2 5.8 7.3 6.7 3.5 3.7
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.7A – Levels of Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Demographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Any
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Any
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 No
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 No
Mental
Illness
(2022)
TOTAL 58,451 59,286 14,526 15,360 43,926 43,926 195,373 196,996
AGE GROUP                
18-25 11,536b 12,583 4,012 4,031 7,523b 8,551 21,923 22,203
26 or Older 46,916 46,703 10,513 11,329 36,402 35,374 173,451 174,792
26-49 29,150 30,160 7,448 7,809 21,702 22,351 73,163 72,408
50 or Older 17,765 16,543 3,066 3,520 14,700a 13,023 100,287a 102,384
GENDER                
Male 22,335b 24,627 5,020a 6,019 17,316 18,608 101,140 100,455
Female 36,116 34,659 9,506 9,341 26,610 25,318 94,233a 96,541
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                
Not Hispanic or Latino 49,640 49,836 12,266 13,031 37,375 36,806 161,050 162,191
AIAN 425a 243 153 91 272 153 1,215 1,000
Asian 2,452 2,587 469 626 1,983 1,961 12,462 12,824
Black or African American 6,609 6,095 1,323 1,467 5,286 4,628 23,995 24,834
NHOPI 163 * 57 43 105 * 845 *
White 38,374 38,875 9,874 10,207 28,500 28,668 119,583 119,309
Two or More Races 1,617 1,778 389a 598 1,228 1,180 2,950 3,270
Hispanic or Latino 8,811 9,450 2,260 2,330 6,551 7,120 34,324 34,805
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                
Full-Time 25,008a 26,982 5,778 6,390 19,231 20,593 89,294 91,395
Part-Time 9,207 9,278 2,482 2,717 6,725 6,561 21,175a 23,552
Unemployed 4,316a 3,689 1,223 1,149 3,092a 2,540 8,770b 7,328
Other1 19,920 19,337 5,043 5,105 14,877 14,232 76,134 74,720
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.7B – Levels of Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Demographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Any
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Any
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 No
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 No
Mental
Illness
(2022)
TOTAL 23.0 23.1 5.7 6.0 17.3 17.1 77.0 76.9
AGE GROUP                
18-25 34.5 36.2 12.0 11.6 22.5a 24.6 65.5 63.8
26 or Older 21.3 21.1 4.8 5.1 16.5 16.0 78.7 78.9
26-49 28.5 29.4 7.3 7.6 21.2 21.8 71.5 70.6
50 or Older 15.0 13.9 2.6 3.0 12.5a 11.0 85.0 86.1
GENDER                
Male 18.1a 19.7 4.1a 4.8 14.0 14.9 81.9a 80.3
Female 27.7 26.4 7.3 7.1 20.4 19.3 72.3 73.6
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                
Not Hispanic or Latino 23.6 23.5 5.8 6.1 17.7 17.4 76.4 76.5
AIAN 25.9 19.6 9.3 7.3 16.6 12.3 74.1 80.4
Asian 16.4 16.8 3.1 4.1 13.3 12.7 83.6 83.2
Black or African American 21.6 19.7 4.3 4.7 17.3a 15.0 78.4 80.3
NHOPI 16.1 * 5.7 3.5 10.4 * 83.9 *
White 24.3 24.6 6.3 6.5 18.0 18.1 75.7 75.4
Two or More Races 35.4 35.2 8.5 11.8 26.9 23.4 64.6 64.8
Hispanic or Latino 20.4 21.4 5.2 5.3 15.2 16.1 79.6 78.6
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                
Full-Time 21.9 22.8 5.1 5.4 16.8 17.4 78.1 77.2
Part-Time 30.3 28.3 8.2 8.3 22.1 20.0 69.7 71.7
Unemployed 33.0 33.5 9.3 10.4 23.6 23.1 67.0 66.5
Other1 20.7 20.6 5.3 5.4 15.5 15.1 79.3 79.4
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.8A – Levels of Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Any
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Any
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness
(2022)		 No
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 No
Mental
Illness
(2022)
TOTAL 58,451 59,286 14,526 15,360 43,926 43,926 195,373 196,996
GEOGRAPHIC REGION                
Northeast 9,380 9,805 2,153 2,323 7,227 7,482 35,406 35,154
Midwest 12,407 12,964 3,051 3,334 9,356 9,630 40,132 39,792
South 22,010 21,382 5,538 5,764 16,471 15,619 74,426b 76,604
West 14,654 15,135 3,783 3,940 10,871 11,195 45,409 45,446
COUNTY TYPE                
Large Metro 30,550 31,197 7,066 7,675 23,484 23,523 106,166 109,925
Small Metro 18,786 20,311 5,068 5,539 13,718 14,772 58,991 61,038
Nonmetro 9,115 7,778 2,392 2,147 6,723a 5,631 30,216a 26,032
Urbanized 3,603 3,317 999 918 2,604 2,399 11,037 10,914
Less Urbanized 4,556 3,798 1,200 998 3,356 2,800 15,970 13,206
Completely Rural 955 663 192 231 763 432 3,208a 1,913
POVERTY LEVEL1                
Less Than 100% 11,083 10,459 3,176 3,085 7,907 7,374 26,781 25,746
100-199% 13,661 12,663 3,509 3,691 10,152 8,972 37,122 37,163
200% or More 33,663a 36,161 7,837 8,584 25,826 27,577 131,413 134,082
EDUCATION LEVEL                
< High School 5,540 5,214 1,205 1,272 4,335 3,942 22,721b 19,149
High School Graduate 14,062 14,235 3,446a 4,110 10,616 10,125 55,331 54,909
Some College/Associate’s Degree 21,199 20,777 6,272 5,829 14,926 14,948 55,989 56,991
College Graduate 17,651a 19,060 3,603 4,150 14,048 14,910 61,332b 65,947
HEALTH INSURANCE2                
Private 32,105 33,891 7,206a 8,179 24,899 25,713 122,340 122,020
Medicaid/CHIP 15,014 15,340 4,149a 4,942 10,864 10,398 32,431 32,745
Other3 14,083a 12,398 3,071 2,929 11,012a 9,469 61,206 64,327
No Coverage 6,028 5,856 1,718 1,512 4,310 4,345 18,767 17,388
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.8B – Levels of Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Any
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Any
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness
(2022)		 No
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 No
Mental
Illness
(2022)
TOTAL 23.0 23.1 5.7 6.0 17.3 17.1 77.0 76.9
GEOGRAPHIC REGION                
Northeast 20.9 21.8 4.8 5.2 16.1 16.6 79.1 78.2
Midwest 23.6 24.6 5.8 6.3 17.8 18.3 76.4 75.4
South 22.8 21.8 5.7 5.9 17.1 15.9 77.2 78.2
West 24.4 25.0 6.3 6.5 18.1 18.5 75.6 75.0
COUNTY TYPE                
Large Metro 22.3 22.1 5.2 5.4 17.2 16.7 77.7 77.9
Small Metro 24.2 25.0 6.5 6.8 17.6 18.2 75.8 75.0
Nonmetro 23.2 23.0 6.1 6.3 17.1 16.7 76.8 77.0
Urbanized 24.6 23.3 6.8 6.5 17.8 16.9 75.4 76.7
Less Urbanized 22.2 22.3 5.8 5.9 16.3 16.5 77.8 77.7
Completely Rural 22.9 25.7 4.6 9.0 18.3 16.8 77.1 74.3
POVERTY LEVEL1                
Less Than 100% 29.3 28.9 8.4 8.5 20.9 20.4 70.7 71.1
100-199% 26.9 25.4 6.9 7.4 20.0 18.0 73.1 74.6
200% or More 20.4 21.2 4.7 5.0 15.6 16.2 79.6 78.8
EDUCATION LEVEL                
< High School 19.6 21.4 4.3 5.2 15.3 16.2 80.4 78.6
High School Graduate 20.3 20.6 5.0a 5.9 15.3 14.6 79.7 79.4
Some College/Associate’s Degree 27.5 26.7 8.1 7.5 19.3 19.2 72.5 73.3
College Graduate 22.3 22.4 4.6 4.9 17.8 17.5 77.7 77.6
HEALTH INSURANCE2                
Private 20.8 21.7 4.7a 5.2 16.1 16.5 79.2 78.3
Medicaid/CHIP 31.6 31.9 8.7a 10.3 22.9 21.6 68.4 68.1
Other3 18.7b 16.2 4.1 3.8 14.6b 12.3 81.3b 83.8
No Coverage 24.3 25.2 6.9 6.5 17.4 18.7 75.7 74.8
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.9A – Substance Use Disorder or Any Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 83,142 84,236 15,674b 16,982 67,468 67,255 40,740 41,677 26,728 25,577
GENDER                    
Male 38,506a 40,897 7,080b 7,982 31,425 32,915 19,429a 20,857 11,996 12,058
Female 44,637 43,339 8,593 9,000 36,043 34,340 21,311 20,820 14,732 13,520
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino 70,207 70,189 12,479a 13,228 57,728 56,961 33,759 34,274 23,969 22,687
AIAN 740a 446 * * 540 345 * 219 * *
Asian 3,202 3,469 741 886 2,462 2,582 1,665 1,718 796 865
Black or African American 9,888 9,676 1,773 1,925 8,115 7,752 4,984 5,017 3,131 2,735
NHOPI * * * * * * * * * *
White 53,862 53,805 9,208 9,675 44,654 44,129 25,486 26,067 19,169 18,063
Two or More Races 2,242 2,343 490 592 1,752 1,751 1,156 1,082 596 669
Hispanic or Latino 12,936 14,047 3,195b 3,753 9,741 10,293 6,981 7,403 2,759 2,891
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time 37,418b 40,847 6,210a 6,980 31,208a 33,867 23,653a 26,058 7,555 7,809
Part-Time 11,974 12,567 4,009a 4,635 7,965 7,932 4,898 4,807 3,067 3,125
Unemployed 6,101b 4,999 1,586 1,594 4,515b 3,405 3,365b 2,484 1,150 920
Other1 27,650 25,823 3,869 3,773 23,781 22,050 8,825 8,327 14,955 13,723
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria. Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. The estimates in this table include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.9B – Substance Use Disorder or Any Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 32.8 32.9 46.8 48.8 30.6 30.4 39.8 40.6 22.6 21.5
GENDER                    
Male 31.2 32.7 42.3a 45.6 29.4 30.6 38.2a 40.7 21.4 21.4
Female 34.2 33.0 51.4 52.0 31.7 30.1 41.4 40.6 23.7 21.6
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino 33.3 33.1 48.7 49.9 31.2 30.7 41.7 42.3 23.0 21.7
AIAN 45.1 35.9 * * 41.3 33.4 * 39.8 * *
Asian 21.5 22.5 37.9 39.1 19.0 19.6 22.5 23.0 14.3 15.2
Black or African American 32.3 31.3 39.1 41.3 31.1 29.5 37.3 37.4 24.6 21.3
NHOPI * * * * * * * * * *
White 34.1 34.0 52.0 53.0 31.8 31.5 44.5 45.8 23.1 21.8
Two or More Races 49.1 46.4 52.9 59.0 48.1 43.3 56.8 49.7 37.2 35.9
Hispanic or Latino 30.0 31.7 40.8a 45.4 27.6 28.6 32.8 34.4 19.6 19.9
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time 32.7a 34.5 48.8 49.6 30.7a 32.5 36.8a 39.3 20.2 20.6
Part-Time 39.4 38.3 49.1 52.7 35.8 33.0 47.5 43.0 25.8 24.3
Unemployed 46.6 45.4 50.0 49.7 45.5 43.6 52.2 49.3 33.1 33.3
Other1 28.8 27.5 41.1 43.3 27.4 25.8 41.4 41.7 22.9 21.0
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria. Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. The estimates in this table include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.10A – Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder and Any Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 19,692b 21,543 4,626b 5,270 15,066 16,274 10,616a 11,669 4,450 4,605
GENDER                    
Male 8,869b 10,408 1,966 2,278 6,903a 8,129 4,984a 5,920 1,919 2,209
Female 10,824 11,136 2,660 2,991 8,164 8,144 5,632 5,749 2,532 2,396
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino 16,563a 17,927 3,751 4,083 12,811 13,844 8,795a 9,665 4,016 4,179
AIAN 164 121 * 43 73 78 66 63 * 14
Asian 546 593 143 164 403 428 374 322 29 106
Black or African American 2,250 2,430 525 498 1,726 1,932 1,137 1,405 589 527
NHOPI 95 * * * * * * * * *
White 12,765a 14,068 2,832 3,186 9,933 10,882 6,753 7,559 3,180 3,323
Two or More Races 742 630 148 187 594 443 392 284 * 159
Hispanic or Latino 3,130 3,617 875b 1,187 2,255 2,430 1,821 2,004 434 425
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time 8,400b 9,960 1,762b 2,279 6,637a 7,681 5,382b 6,551 1,255 1,129
Part-Time 3,452 3,455 1,324 1,395 2,128 2,060 1,523 1,472 605 588
Unemployed 1,779 1,760 586 483 1,193 1,276 965 1,059 228 218
Other1 6,062 6,369 953 1,112 5,108 5,257 2,746 2,587 2,362 2,670
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria. Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. The estimates in this table include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.10B – Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder and Any Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 7.8a 8.4 13.8 15.1 6.8 7.3 10.4a 11.4 3.8 3.9
GENDER                    
Male 7.2b 8.3 11.8 13.0 6.5a 7.6 9.8a 11.5 3.4 3.9
Female 8.3 8.5 15.9 17.3 7.2 7.2 10.9 11.2 4.1 3.8
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino 7.9 8.5 14.6 15.4 6.9 7.5 10.9a 11.9 3.9 4.0
AIAN 10.0 9.7 * 20.5 5.6 7.5 11.3 11.5 * 3.0
Asian 3.7 3.8 7.3 7.3 3.1 3.3 5.1 4.3 0.5 1.9
Black or African American 7.4 7.9 11.6 10.7 6.6 7.4 8.5 10.5 4.6 4.1
NHOPI 9.4 * * * * * * * * *
White 8.1a 8.9 16.0 17.5 7.1 7.8 11.8a 13.3 3.8 4.0
Two or More Races 16.3 12.5 16.0 18.7 16.3 11.0 19.3 13.0 * 8.5
Hispanic or Latino 7.3 8.2 11.2a 14.4 6.4 6.7 8.6 9.3 3.1 2.9
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time 7.3b 8.4 13.9a 16.2 6.5 7.4 8.4b 9.9 3.4 3.0
Part-Time 11.4 10.5 16.2 15.9 9.6 8.6 14.8 13.2 5.1 4.6
Unemployed 13.6 16.0 18.5 15.1 12.0a 16.3 15.0a 21.0 6.6 7.9
Other1 6.3 6.8 10.1a 12.8 5.9 6.2 12.9 12.9 3.6 4.1
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria. Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. The estimates in this table include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.11A – Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder and Any Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 19,692b 21,543 4,626b 5,270 15,066 16,274 10,616a 11,669 4,450 4,605
GEOGRAPHIC REGION                    
Northeast 2,902 3,388 734 853 2,167 2,536 1,524 1,799 644 736
Midwest 4,254a 4,866 1,070 1,142 3,185a 3,724 2,262 2,441 923 1,284
South 7,140 7,516 1,580 1,782 5,560 5,734 3,814 4,159 1,745 1,576
West 5,397 5,773 1,242a 1,494 4,155 4,279 3,016 3,270 1,138 1,009
COUNTY TYPE                    
Large Metro 10,728 11,394 2,389 2,794 8,339 8,600 6,116 6,174 2,222 2,425
Small Metro 5,918b 7,506 1,595 1,920 4,323b 5,586 3,074b 3,966 1,249 1,621
Nonmetro 3,046 2,643 642 555 2,404 2,088 1,426 1,530 979a 558
Urbanized 1,227 1,196 317 266 910 930 599 678 310 252
Less Urbanized 1,459 1,225 269 279 1,190 946 672 740 518a 207
Completely Rural 360 222 55b 10 305 212 154 * 150 *
POVERTY LEVEL1                    
Less Than 100% 3,942 4,189 1,159 1,129 2,783 3,059 1,873 2,025 910 1,035
100-199% 4,856 4,934 1,156 1,389 3,700 3,545 2,306 2,346 1,394 1,198
200% or More 10,888b 12,421 2,306a 2,751 8,583a 9,670 6,437a 7,298 2,146 2,372
EDUCATION LEVEL                    
< High School 1,937 1,783 384 456 1,553 1,327 850 896 703 431
High School Graduate 4,752a 5,519 1,371 1,498 3,380 4,021 2,298 2,706 1,083 1,315
Some College/Associate’s Degree 8,060 8,187 2,172 2,399 5,887 5,788 4,114 4,267 1,773 1,521
College Graduate 4,944b 6,055 699a 917 4,246a 5,139 3,354 3,801 892a 1,338
HEALTH INSURANCE2                    
Private 9,467b 11,347 2,716a 3,223 6,750b 8,124 4,775b 6,060 1,975 2,065
Medicaid/CHIP 6,147 6,449 1,110a 1,390 5,037 5,059 3,550 3,552 1,487 1,507
Other3 3,988 3,944 455 374 3,533 3,570 1,492 1,281 2,041 2,289
No Coverage 2,316 2,404 544 540 1,772 1,864 1,594 1,572 178 292
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria. Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. The estimates in this table include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.11B – Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder and Any Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 7.8a 8.4 13.8 15.1 6.8 7.3 10.4a 11.4 3.8 3.9
GEOGRAPHIC REGION                    
Northeast 6.5 7.5 12.8 14.4 5.5 6.5 8.8 10.4 3.0 3.4
Midwest 8.1a 9.2 15.1 15.6 7.0a 8.2 11.0 11.9 3.7 5.1
South 7.4 7.7 12.4 13.4 6.6 6.8 9.8 10.6 3.9 3.5
West 9.0 9.5 15.7 18.1 8.0 8.2 11.8 12.8 4.3 3.8
COUNTY TYPE                    
Large Metro 7.8 8.1 13.5 14.6 7.0 7.0 10.6 10.5 3.6 3.8
Small Metro 7.6b 9.2 14.5 16.4 6.5b 8.0 10.1b 12.2 3.4 4.4
Nonmetro 7.7 7.8 13.3 13.9 7.0 7.0 10.2b 13.5 4.8 3.0
Urbanized 8.4 8.4 15.7 15.1 7.2 7.5 11.5 13.9 4.2 3.3
Less Urbanized 7.1 7.2 11.4 14.2 6.5 6.3 9.1a 13.4 4.8a 2.2
Completely Rural 8.7 8.6 11.9a 4.1 8.2 9.1 11.0 * 6.5 *
POVERTY LEVEL1                    
Less Than 100% 10.4 11.6 13.7 14.0 9.5 10.9 12.1 13.3 6.6 8.0
100-199% 9.6 9.9 14.4 16.4 8.7 8.6 11.4 12.2 6.2 5.4
200% or More 6.6a 7.3 13.7 15.1 5.8 6.4 9.7 10.7 2.6 2.8
EDUCATION LEVEL                    
< High School 6.9 7.3 10.4 12.7 6.3 6.4 8.8 11.3 4.7 3.4
High School Graduate 6.8a 8.0 13.0 12.9 5.7a 7.0 9.5a 11.6 3.1 3.8
Some College/Associate’s Degree 10.4 10.5 15.4 17.3 9.3 9.1 13.8 14.3 5.3 4.5
College Graduate 6.3a 7.1 13.8 16.1 5.7 6.5 8.7 9.2 2.5 3.5
HEALTH INSURANCE2                    
Private 6.1b 7.3 14.4 16.2 5.0b 6.0 7.6b 9.4 2.7 2.9
Medicaid/CHIP 13.0 13.4 12.8 15.0 13.0 13.0 16.3 16.3 8.8 8.8
Other3 5.3 5.1 17.9 13.3 4.9 4.8 16.4 14.0 3.2 3.5
No Coverage 9.3 10.3 11.3 11.7 8.9 10.0 11.1 11.9 3.2 5.4
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria. Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. The estimates in this table include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.12A – Substance Use Disorder or Serious Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 52,353 54,444 10,877a 11,622 41,476 42,822 26,205 27,168 15,271 15,655
GENDER                    
Male 27,447a 29,366 5,244a 5,785 22,203 23,581 14,169 15,186 8,034 8,395
Female 24,906 25,078 5,633 5,837 19,273 19,242 12,036 11,982 7,237 7,260
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino 44,022 45,188 8,668 9,026 35,355 36,163 21,587 22,198 13,768 13,964
AIAN 572a 350 * * 383 268 217 166 * *
Asian 1,673 1,924 407 564 1,266 1,361 915 873 351 487
Black or African American 6,174 6,633 1,264 1,299 4,910 5,333 3,305 3,485 1,605 1,848
NHOPI * * * * * * * * * *
White 33,808 34,470 6,406 6,674 27,402 27,795 16,205 16,797 11,197 10,998
Two or More Races 1,571 1,521 352 365 1,219 1,156 825 757 * 399
Hispanic or Latino 8,331 9,256 2,209a 2,596 6,121 6,660 4,618 4,970 1,503 1,690
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time 24,182b 27,254 4,417b 5,141 19,765b 22,113 15,134a 16,918 4,631 5,195
Part-Time 7,414 8,107 2,744 3,024 4,670 5,083 2,915 3,121 1,755 1,962
Unemployed 4,101 3,564 1,161 1,115 2,939 2,449 2,327a 1,823 613 627
Other1 16,656 15,520 2,554 2,343 14,102 13,177 5,830 5,306 8,273 7,871
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria. Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. The estimates in this table include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.12B – Substance Use Disorder or Serious Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 20.6 21.2 32.5 33.4 18.8 19.3 25.6 26.5 12.9 13.2
GENDER                    
Male 22.2 23.5 31.4 33.1 20.8 21.9 27.9 29.6 14.4 14.9
Female 19.1 19.1 33.7 33.7 17.0 16.9 23.4 23.4 11.7 11.6
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino 20.9 21.3 33.8 34.0 19.1 19.5 26.6 27.4 13.2 13.4
AIAN 34.9 28.2 * * 29.3 26.0 37.2 30.2 * *
Asian 11.2 12.5 20.8 24.9 9.8 10.4 12.4 11.7 6.3 8.6
Black or African American 20.2 21.4 27.9 27.9 18.8 20.3 24.8 26.0 12.6 14.4
NHOPI * * * * * * * * * *
White 21.4 21.8 36.2 36.6 19.5 19.9 28.3 29.5 13.5 13.2
Two or More Races 34.4 30.1 38.0 36.4 33.5 28.6 40.5 34.8 * 21.4
Hispanic or Latino 19.3 20.9 28.2 31.4 17.3 18.5 21.7 23.1 10.7 11.7
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time 21.2b 23.0 34.7 36.5 19.5a 21.2 23.6a 25.5 12.4 13.7
Part-Time 24.4 24.7 33.6 34.4 21.0 21.1 28.2 27.9 14.8 15.3
Unemployed 31.3 32.3 36.6 34.7 29.6 31.4 36.1 36.2 17.7 22.6
Other1 17.3 16.5 27.1 26.9 16.3 15.4 27.4 26.5 12.7 12.0
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria. Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. The estimates in this table include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.13A – Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder and Serious Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 6,556a 7,410 1,900 2,078 4,656 5,332 3,449 3,827 1,208 1,504
GENDER                    
Male 2,612a 3,331 626 759 1,986a 2,572 1,495 1,835 491 737
Female 3,944 4,079 1,273 1,320 2,671 2,759 1,954 1,992 716 767
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino 5,372 6,122 1,475 1,577 3,897 4,545 2,873 3,213 1,024 1,332
AIAN 60 64 * * 18 38 17 33 * 5
Asian 91 176 36 57 55 120 55 67 * *
Black or African American 678 846 211 156 467 690 311 480 156 209
NHOPI 38 30 * * * * * * * *
White 4,318 4,734 1,130 1,243 3,189 3,492 2,366 2,470 823 1,021
Two or More Races 185 272 55 95 131 177 87 137 44 40
Hispanic or Latino 1,184 1,288 425 501 759 786 576 614 184 172
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time 2,405a 2,961 691a 903 1,714 2,058 1,404a 1,775 310 283
Part-Time 1,286 1,354 502 549 784 806 632 575 152 230
Unemployed 686 655 301a 155 385 500 326 462 60 38
Other1 2,179 2,440 406 472 1,773 1,969 1,087 1,015 685 954
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria. Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. The estimates in this table include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.13B – Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder and Serious Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 2.6 2.9 5.7 6.0 2.1 2.4 3.4 3.7 1.0 1.3
GENDER                    
Male 2.1a 2.7 3.7 4.3 1.9a 2.4 2.9 3.6 0.9 1.3
Female 3.0 3.1 7.6 7.6 2.4 2.4 3.8 3.9 1.2 1.2
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino 2.5 2.9 5.8 5.9 2.1 2.5 3.5 4.0 1.0 1.3
AIAN 3.7 5.2 * * 1.4 3.7 3.0 5.9 * 1.0
Asian 0.6 1.1 1.9 2.5 0.4 0.9 0.7 0.9 * *
Black or African American 2.2 2.7 4.7 3.3 1.8 2.6 2.3 3.6 1.2 1.6
NHOPI 3.8 2.5 * * * * * * * *
White 2.7 3.0 6.4 6.8 2.3 2.5 4.1 4.3 1.0 1.2
Two or More Races 4.1 5.4 5.9 9.5 3.6 4.4 4.3 6.3 2.7 2.2
Hispanic or Latino 2.7 2.9 5.4 6.1 2.2 2.2 2.7 2.9 1.3 1.2
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time 2.1 2.5 5.4 6.4 1.7 2.0 2.2 2.7 0.8 0.7
Part-Time 4.2 4.1 6.1 6.2 3.5 3.4 6.1 5.1 1.3 1.8
Unemployed 5.2 5.9 9.5a 4.8 3.9a 6.4 5.1a 9.2 1.7 1.4
Other1 2.3 2.6 4.3 5.4 2.0 2.3 5.1 5.1 1.0 1.5
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria. Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. The estimates in this table include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.14A – Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder and Serious Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 6,556a 7,410 1,900 2,078 4,656 5,332 3,449 3,827 1,208 1,504
GEOGRAPHIC REGION                    
Northeast 921 1,131 302 316 619 815 506 561 113 254
Midwest 1,341 1,685 417 423 924a 1,262 735 818 189a 444
South 2,423 2,628 664 737 1,759 1,891 1,193 1,429 566 462
West 1,870 1,966 517 603 1,354 1,363 1,014 1,019 339 344
COUNTY TYPE                    
Large Metro 3,142 3,759 946 1,064 2,196 2,695 1,721 1,903 475 792
Small Metro 2,308 2,749 682 820 1,626 1,929 1,265 1,477 361 452
Nonmetro 1,106 902 271 195 835 707 463 447 372 260
Urbanized 435 476 125 97 310 379 218 250 92 129
Less Urbanized 565 353 109 97 457 256 208 182 249 74
Completely Rural 106 73 37 * 68 73 37 15 * *
POVERTY LEVEL1                    
Less Than 100% 1,571 1,654 502 410 1,069 1,244 733 862 335 381
100-199% 1,651 1,779 519 566 1,132 1,212 773 733 359 479
200% or More 3,334a 3,978 878 1,102 2,456 2,876 1,943 2,232 513 644
EDUCATION LEVEL                    
< High School 589 600 125 199 464 401 232 271 232 130
High School Graduate 1,630a 2,088 615 660 1,016a 1,428 693 881 323 547
Some College/Associate’s Degree 2,884 3,083 932 926 1,952 2,156 1,548 1,642 403 514
College Graduate 1,453 1,640 227 294 1,225 1,346 976 1,033 249 313
HEALTH INSURANCE2                    
Private 2,637b 3,604 1,030 1,229 1,607b 2,375 1,222b 1,824 385 550
Medicaid/CHIP 2,201 2,579 491 582 1,711 1,997 1,270 1,316 440 680
Other3 1,440 1,325 165 162 1,275 1,163 657 456 618 707
No Coverage 951 772 270 217 681 555 566 486 115 69
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria. Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. The estimates in this table include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.14B – Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder and Serious Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 2.6 2.9 5.7 6.0 2.1 2.4 3.4 3.7 1.0 1.3
GEOGRAPHIC REGION                    
Northeast 2.1 2.5 5.3 5.3 1.6 2.1 2.9 3.2 0.5 1.2
Midwest 2.6 3.2 5.9 5.8 2.0a 2.8 3.6 4.0 0.8a 1.8
South 2.5 2.7 5.2 5.5 2.1 2.2 3.1 3.6 1.3 1.0
West 3.1 3.2 6.5 7.3 2.6 2.6 4.0 4.0 1.3 1.3
COUNTY TYPE                    
Large Metro 2.3 2.7 5.4 5.6 1.8 2.2 3.0 3.2 0.8 1.3
Small Metro 3.0 3.4 6.2 7.0 2.4 2.8 4.2 4.6 1.0 1.2
Nonmetro 2.8 2.7 5.6 4.9 2.4 2.4 3.3 4.0 1.8 1.4
Urbanized 3.0 3.3 6.2 5.5 2.5 3.0 4.2 5.1 1.2 1.7
Less Urbanized 2.8 2.1 4.6 4.9 2.5 1.7 2.8 3.3 2.3 0.8
Completely Rural 2.5 2.8 8.0 * 1.9 3.1 2.6 1.7 * *
POVERTY LEVEL1                    
Less Than 100% 4.1 4.6 5.9 5.1 3.6 4.4 4.7 5.7 2.4 2.9
100-199% 3.3 3.6 6.5 6.7 2.6 2.9 3.8 3.8 1.6 2.2
200% or More 2.0 2.3 5.2 6.0 1.7 1.9 2.9 3.3 0.6 0.8
EDUCATION LEVEL                    
< High School 2.1 2.5 3.4a 5.5 1.9 1.9 2.4 3.4 1.6 1.0
High School Graduate 2.3a 3.0 5.8 5.7 1.7a 2.5 2.9 3.8 0.9 1.6
Some College/Associate’s Degree 3.7 4.0 6.6 6.7 3.1 3.4 5.2 5.5 1.2 1.5
College Graduate 1.8 1.9 4.5 5.2 1.7 1.7 2.5 2.5 0.7 0.8
HEALTH INSURANCE2                    
Private 1.7b 2.3 5.4 6.2 1.2b 1.7 2.0b 2.8 0.5 0.8
Medicaid/CHIP 4.6 5.4 5.6 6.3 4.4 5.1 5.8 6.1 2.6 4.0
Other3 1.9 1.7 6.5 5.8 1.8 1.6 7.2 5.0 1.0 1.1
No Coverage 3.8 3.3 5.6 4.7 3.4 3.0 3.9 3.7 2.0 1.3
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria. Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. The estimates in this table include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.15A – Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder and Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 13,136 14,134 2,726a 3,191 10,410 10,942 7,167 7,842 3,243 3,100
GENDER                    
Male 6,257 7,077 1,340 1,520 4,917 5,557 3,490 4,085 1,427 1,472
Female 6,880 7,057 1,386a 1,672 5,493 5,385 3,678 3,757 1,815 1,628
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino 11,191 11,805 2,276 2,506 8,914 9,299 5,922 6,452 2,992 2,847
AIAN 104 57 * 17 54 40 49 31 * 9
Asian 454 417 107 108 348 309 319 255 29 54
Black or African American 1,572 1,584 314 342 1,259 1,242 826 924 433 318
NHOPI 57 * * * * * * 6 * *
White 8,446 9,333 1,702 1,943 6,744 7,390 4,387a 5,088 2,357 2,302
Two or More Races 557 358 93 92 463 266 305a 148 * *
Hispanic or Latino 1,946 2,329 450b 686 1,496 1,643 1,245 1,390 250 253
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time 5,995a 6,999 1,072a 1,376 4,923 5,623 3,978a 4,776 945 846
Part-Time 2,166 2,100 822 846 1,343 1,255 891 896 453 358
Unemployed 1,093 1,105 285 329 807 777 639 597 168 180
Other1 3,883 3,929 547 641 3,336 3,288 1,658 1,572 1,677 1,716
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria. Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. The estimates in this table include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.15B – Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder and Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 5.2 5.5 8.1 9.2 4.7 4.9 7.0 7.6 2.7 2.6
GENDER                    
Male 5.1 5.7 8.0 8.7 4.6 5.2 6.9 8.0 2.6 2.6
Female 5.3 5.4 8.3 9.7 4.8 4.7 7.1 7.3 2.9 2.6
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino 5.3 5.6 8.9 9.4 4.8 5.0 7.3 8.0 2.9 2.7
AIAN 6.4 4.6 * 7.9 4.2 3.9 8.3 5.6 * 1.9
Asian 3.0 2.7 5.5 4.8 2.7 2.3 4.3 3.4 0.5 0.9
Black or African American 5.1 5.1 6.9 7.3 4.8 4.7 6.2 6.9 3.4 2.5
NHOPI 5.6 * * * * * * 1.1 * *
White 5.3 5.9 9.6 10.6 4.8 5.3 7.7a 8.9 2.8 2.8
Two or More Races 12.2a 7.1 10.1 9.2 12.7a 6.6 15.0a 6.8 * *
Hispanic or Latino 4.5 5.3 5.8a 8.3 4.2 4.6 5.9 6.5 1.8 1.7
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time 5.2 5.9 8.4 9.8 4.8 5.4 6.2a 7.2 2.5 2.2
Part-Time 7.1 6.4 10.1 9.6 6.0 5.2 8.6 8.0 3.8 2.8
Unemployed 8.4 10.0 9.0 10.2 8.1 9.9 9.9 11.8 4.8 6.5
Other1 4.0 4.2 5.8 7.4 3.8 3.9 7.8 7.9 2.6 2.6
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria. Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. The estimates in this table include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.16A – Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder and Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 13,136 14,134 2,726a 3,191 10,410 10,942 7,167 7,842 3,243 3,100
GEOGRAPHIC REGION                    
Northeast 1,980 2,258 432 537 1,548 1,721 1,017 1,238 531 482
Midwest 2,913 3,181 653 719 2,260 2,462 1,527 1,622 733 840
South 4,716 4,888 916 1,044 3,800 3,843 2,621 2,730 1,179 1,114
West 3,526 3,807 725 891 2,801 2,916 2,002 2,251 799 665
COUNTY TYPE                    
Large Metro 7,586 7,635 1,443 1,730 6,143 5,904 4,395 4,271 1,748 1,634
Small Metro 3,610b 4,757 913 1,100 2,697b 3,657 1,809b 2,489 888 1,168
Nonmetro 1,940 1,741 370 361 1,570 1,381 963 1,083 607a 298
Urbanized 792 719 192 168 600 551 381 428 219 123
Less Urbanized 894 873 160 182 733 691 464 558 269 133
Completely Rural 255 150 18 10 236 139 118 * 119 *
POVERTY LEVEL1                    
Less Than 100% 2,371 2,535 657 720 1,714 1,816 1,139 1,162 575 654
100-199% 3,205 3,155 637a 823 2,569 2,332 1,534 1,613 1,035 719
200% or More 7,554 8,443 1,428 1,649 6,127 6,794 4,494 5,067 1,633 1,727
EDUCATION LEVEL                    
< High School 1,348 1,183 259 257 1,089 925 619 624 470 301
High School Graduate 3,121 3,431 756 839 2,365 2,593 1,605 1,825 760 768
Some College/Associate’s Degree 5,176 5,104 1,240 1,473 3,936 3,632 2,566 2,624 1,370 1,007
College Graduate 3,492b 4,416 471 623 3,020b 3,793 2,378 2,768 643a 1,025
HEALTH INSURANCE2                    
Private 6,830a 7,743 1,687 1,993 5,143 5,750 3,553a 4,236 1,590 1,514
Medicaid/CHIP 3,946 3,870 620a 808 3,326 3,062 2,279 2,235 1,047 827
Other3 2,548 2,619 290 212 2,258 2,407 836 825 1,423 1,583
No Coverage 1,365 1,632 274 323 1,091 1,309 1,028 1,086 63a 223
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria. Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. The estimates in this table include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.16B – Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder and Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 5.2 5.5 8.1 9.2 4.7 4.9 7.0 7.6 2.7 2.6
GEOGRAPHIC REGION                    
Northeast 4.4 5.0 7.5 9.1 4.0 4.4 5.8 7.1 2.5 2.2
Midwest 5.5 6.0 9.2 9.8 5.0 5.4 7.4 7.9 2.9 3.4
South 4.9 5.0 7.2 7.8 4.5 4.5 6.7 7.0 2.6 2.5
West 5.9 6.3 9.1 10.8 5.4 5.6 7.9 8.8 3.0 2.5
COUNTY TYPE                    
Large Metro 5.5 5.4 8.2 9.1 5.2 4.8 7.6 7.3 2.9 2.6
Small Metro 4.6b 5.8 8.3 9.4 4.0b 5.2 5.9b 7.7 2.4 3.1
Nonmetro 4.9 5.2 7.7 9.1 4.6 4.6 6.9a 9.6 3.0 1.6
Urbanized 5.4 5.1 9.5 9.6 4.8 4.4 7.3 8.8 2.9 1.6
Less Urbanized 4.4 5.1 6.8 9.2 4.0 4.6 6.3b 10.1 2.5 1.4
Completely Rural 6.1 5.8 3.9 4.1 6.4 6.0 8.4 * 5.2 *
POVERTY LEVEL1                    
Less Than 100% 6.3 7.0 7.8 8.9 5.8 6.4 7.3 7.6 4.1 5.0
100-199% 6.3 6.3 7.9 9.7 6.0 5.6 7.6 8.4 4.6 3.3
200% or More 4.6 5.0 8.5 9.0 4.1 4.5 6.8 7.4 2.0 2.1
EDUCATION LEVEL                    
< High School 4.8 4.9 7.0 7.2 4.4 4.5 6.4 7.9 3.2 2.3
High School Graduate 4.5 5.0 7.2 7.2 4.0 4.5 6.6 7.8 2.2 2.2
Some College/Associate’s Degree 6.7 6.6 8.8a 10.6 6.2 5.7 8.6 8.8 4.1 3.0
College Graduate 4.4a 5.2 9.3 10.9 4.1 4.8 6.2 6.7 1.8 2.7
HEALTH INSURANCE2                    
Private 4.4a 5.0 8.9 10.0 3.8 4.2 5.7 6.6 2.2 2.1
Medicaid/CHIP 8.3 8.0 7.1 8.7 8.6 7.9 10.4 10.3 6.2 4.8
Other3 3.4 3.4 11.4 7.6 3.1 3.3 9.2 9.0 2.2 2.4
No Coverage 5.5a 7.0 5.7 7.0 5.5 7.0 7.1 8.2 1.1a 4.1
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria. Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. The estimates in this table include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.17A – Substance Use Disorder (SUD) Severity Level for Specific Substances in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Substance Use Disorder Severity Level Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Any
Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any
Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Serious
Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Serious
Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious
Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious
Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 No
Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No
Mental
Illness1
(2022)
TOTAL POPULATION 253,825 256,282 58,451 59,286 14,526 15,360 43,926 43,926 195,373 196,996
Substance Use Disorder2 44,383 46,494 19,692a 21,543 6,556a 7,410 13,136 14,134 24,691 24,950
Mild SUD 25,210 25,616 9,081 9,553 2,742 2,833 6,339 6,719 16,128 16,064
Moderate SUD 10,054 10,478 4,713 5,199 1,398 1,769 3,315 3,430 5,341 5,279
Severe SUD 9,119a 10,400 5,898a 6,792 2,416 2,808 3,482 3,984 3,221 3,608
No SUD 209,442 209,788 38,759 37,743 7,970 7,951 30,789 29,792 170,683 172,045
Drug Use Disorder2 22,571b 25,417 12,333b 14,504 4,610b 5,587 7,723a 8,916 10,237 10,913
Mild SUD 12,696a 14,124 5,827b 6,940 2,042 2,373 3,785a 4,567 6,869 7,184
Moderate SUD 5,357 5,938 3,283 3,531 1,087 1,358 2,196 2,174 2,073 2,407
Severe SUD 4,518a 5,354 3,223b 4,033 1,481 1,857 1,743 2,176 1,295 1,322
No SUD 231,254 230,865 46,118 44,782 9,915 9,773 36,202 35,009 185,136 186,082
Marijuana Use Disorder 15,313b 17,669 8,065b 9,837 2,878b 3,767 5,187a 6,070 7,248 7,832
Mild SUD 9,041 9,892 4,219 4,802 1,377a 1,772 2,842 3,030 4,822 5,090
Moderate SUD 3,905b 4,859 2,298a 2,897 805 1,073 1,493 1,824 1,606 1,963
Severe SUD 2,367a 2,918 1,547b 2,138 696 922 851a 1,217 820 779
No SUD 238,512 238,613 50,386 49,449 11,647 11,593 38,739 37,856 188,125 189,164
Opioid Use Disorder2 5,308 5,852 3,150 3,527 1,113 1,329 2,036 2,198 2,159 2,325
Mild SUD 3,226 3,677 1,603 1,949 534 661 1,069 1,288 1,623 1,728
Moderate SUD 991 790 631 519 244 221 387 299 360 271
Severe SUD 1,091 1,384 916 1,058 335 448 580 610 175 326
No SUD 248,517b 250,430 55,302 55,759 13,413 14,031 41,889 41,728 193,215 194,671
Alcohol Use Disorder 28,769 28,788 11,693 12,145 3,799 3,824 7,894 8,322 17,076 16,643
Mild SUD 16,983 16,946 5,746 5,973 1,738 1,764 4,008 4,209 11,237 10,974
Moderate SUD 6,192 5,784 2,481 2,552 743 691 1,738 1,860 3,710 3,232
Severe SUD 5,594 6,058 3,465 3,621 1,318 1,368 2,147 2,253 2,129 2,437
No SUD 225,056b 227,493 46,759 47,141 10,727 11,537 36,032 35,604 178,297 180,353
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
2 Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.17B – Substance Use Disorder (SUD) Severity Level for Specific Substances in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Substance Use Disorder Severity Level Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Any
Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any
Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Serious
Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Serious
Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious
Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious
Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 No
Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No
Mental
Illness1
(2022)
TOTAL POPULATION 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Substance Use Disorder2 17.5 18.1 33.7b 36.3 45.1 48.2 29.9a 32.2 12.6 12.7
Mild SUD 9.9 10.0 15.5 16.1 18.9 18.4 14.4 15.3 8.3 8.2
Moderate SUD 4.0 4.1 8.1 8.8 9.6 11.5 7.5 7.8 2.7 2.7
Severe SUD 3.6a 4.1 10.1a 11.5 16.6 18.3 7.9 9.1 1.6 1.8
No SUD 82.5 81.9 66.3b 63.7 54.9 51.8 70.1a 67.8 87.4 87.3
Drug Use Disorder2 8.9b 9.9 21.1b 24.5 31.7a 36.4 17.6b 20.3 5.2 5.5
Mild SUD 5.0 5.5 10.0b 11.7 14.1 15.4 8.6a 10.4 3.5 3.6
Moderate SUD 2.1 2.3 5.6 6.0 7.5 8.8 5.0 4.9 1.1 1.2
Severe SUD 1.8a 2.1 5.5a 6.8 10.2 12.1 4.0 5.0 0.7 0.7
No SUD 91.1b 90.1 78.9b 75.5 68.3a 63.6 82.4b 79.7 94.8 94.5
Marijuana Use Disorder 6.0b 6.9 13.8b 16.6 19.8b 24.5 11.8a 13.8 3.7 4.0
Mild SUD 3.6 3.9 7.2 8.1 9.5 11.5 6.5 6.9 2.5 2.6
Moderate SUD 1.5b 1.9 3.9a 4.9 5.5 7.0 3.4 4.2 0.8 1.0
Severe SUD 0.9a 1.1 2.6b 3.6 4.8 6.0 1.9a 2.8 0.4 0.4
No SUD 94.0b 93.1 86.2b 83.4 80.2b 75.5 88.2a 86.2 96.3 96.0
Opioid Use Disorder2 2.1 2.3 5.4 5.9 7.7 8.7 4.6 5.0 1.1 1.2
Mild SUD 1.3 1.4 2.7 3.3 3.7 4.3 2.4 2.9 0.8 0.9
Moderate SUD 0.4 0.3 1.1 0.9 1.7 1.4 0.9 0.7 0.2 0.1
Severe SUD 0.4 0.5 1.6 1.8 2.3 2.9 1.3 1.4 0.1 0.2
No SUD 97.9 97.7 94.6 94.1 92.3 91.3 95.4 95.0 98.9 98.8
Alcohol Use Disorder 11.3 11.2 20.0 20.5 26.2 24.9 18.0 18.9 8.7 8.4
Mild SUD 6.7 6.6 9.8 10.1 12.0 11.5 9.1 9.6 5.8 5.6
Moderate SUD 2.4 2.3 4.2 4.3 5.1 4.5 4.0 4.2 1.9 1.6
Severe SUD 2.2 2.4 5.9 6.1 9.1 8.9 4.9 5.1 1.1 1.2
No SUD 88.7 88.8 80.0 79.5 73.8 75.1 82.0 81.1 91.3 91.6
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
2 Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.18A – Any Mental Illness and Serious Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Probation Status and Demographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Any
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
18+1
(2021)		 Any
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
18+1
(2022)		 Any
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults on
Probation
(2021)		 Any
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults on
Probation
(2022)		 Any
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
Not on
Probation
(2021)		 Any
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
Not on
Probation
(2022)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
18+1
(2021)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
18+1
(2022)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults on
Probation
(2021)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults on
Probation
(2022)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
Not on
Probation
(2021)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
Not on
Probation
(2022)
TOTAL 18 OR OLDER 58,451 59,286 1,227 1,271 56,328 57,218 14,526 15,360 426 603 14,017 14,634
AGE GROUP                        
18-49 40,686a 42,743 984 1,030 39,111 41,134 11,460 11,841 345 428 11,042 11,329
18-25 11,536b 12,583 197 158 11,237 12,275 4,012 4,031 67 59 3,936 3,949
26-34 13,419 14,107 364 363 12,814 13,544 3,556 3,844 93 136 3,417 3,670
35-49 15,731 16,054 423 509 15,060 15,315 3,892 3,965 * 233 3,689 3,710
GENDER/AGE GROUP                        
Male 18 or Older 22,335b 24,627 702 736 21,151a 23,465 5,020a 6,019 179 357 4,814a 5,594
Male 18-49 16,044b 18,255 582 580 15,181b 17,390 4,118a 4,783 177 234 3,914 4,499
Female 18 or Older 36,116 34,659 * 535 35,177 33,753 9,506 9,341 * 246 9,203 9,040
Female 18-49 24,642 24,488 402 450 23,930 23,744 7,342 7,058 167 193 7,128 6,830
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 The 18+ column includes respondents with unknown past year probation status.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.18B – Any Mental Illness and Serious Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Probation Status and Demographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Any
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
18+1
(2021)		 Any
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
18+1
(2022)		 Any
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults on
Probation
(2021)		 Any
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults on
Probation
(2022)		 Any
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
Not on
Probation
(2021)		 Any
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
Not on
Probation
(2022)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
18+1
(2021)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
18+1
(2022)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults on
Probation
(2021)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults on
Probation
(2022)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
Not on
Probation
(2021)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
Not on
Probation
(2022)
TOTAL 18 OR OLDER 23.0 23.1 39.5 41.7 22.8 22.8 5.7 6.0 13.7 19.8 5.7 5.8
AGE GROUP                        
18-49 30.0 31.1 43.5 45.2 29.7 30.8 8.4 8.6 15.2 18.8 8.4 8.5
18-25 34.5 36.2 41.3 40.9 34.4 36.0 12.0 11.6 14.0 15.3 12.1 11.6
26-34 33.4 35.1 41.6 42.4 33.1 34.9 8.9 9.6 10.7 15.9 8.8 9.5
35-49 25.3 25.7 46.4 49.1 24.9 25.3 6.3 6.4 * 22.5 6.1 6.1
GENDER/AGE GROUP                        
Male 18 or Older 18.1a 19.7 33.3 34.6 17.7a 19.3 4.1a 4.8 8.5 16.8 4.0 4.6
Male 18-49 23.8b 26.5 37.7 38.1 23.4b 26.2 6.1 7.0 11.5 15.4 6.0 6.8
Female 18 or Older 27.7 26.4 * 58.4 27.5 26.2 7.3 7.1 * 26.9 7.2 7.0
Female 18-49 36.1 35.7 55.8 59.4 35.8 35.4 10.8 10.3 23.2 25.5 10.7 10.2
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 The 18+ column includes respondents with unknown past year probation status.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.19A – Any Mental Illness and Serious Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Parole/Supervised Release Status and Demographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Any
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
18+1
(2021)		 Any
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
18+1
(2022)		 Any
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
on Parole/
Supervised
Release
(2021)		 Any
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
on Parole/
Supervised
Release
(2022)		 Any
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
Not on
Parole/
Supervised
Release
(2021)		 Any
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
Not on
Parole/
Supervised
Release
(2022)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
18+1
(2021)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
18+1
(2022)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
on Parole/
Supervised
Release
(2021)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
on Parole/
Supervised
Release
(2022)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
Not on
Parole/
Supervised
Release
(2021)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
Not on
Parole/
Supervised
Release
(2022)
TOTAL 18 OR OLDER 58,451 59,286 539 663 57,122 57,831 14,526 15,360 * 208 14,242 15,035
AGE GROUP                        
18-49 40,686a 42,743 370 461 39,754 41,708 11,460 11,841 * 160 11,244 11,604
18-25 11,536b 12,583 * * 11,389 12,391 4,012 4,031 * * 3,968 3,984
26-34 13,419 14,107 * * 13,038 13,781 3,556 3,844 * * 3,497 3,787
35-49 15,731 16,054 * * 15,327 15,536 3,892 3,965 * * 3,779 3,832
GENDER/AGE GROUP                        
Male 18 or Older 22,335b 24,627 317 423 21,629a 23,805 5,020a 6,019 * 102 4,919a 5,854
Male 18-49 16,044b 18,255 * 265 15,543b 17,731 4,118a 4,783 * 77 4,019a 4,662
Female 18 or Older 36,116 34,659 * * 35,493 34,027 9,506 9,341 * * 9,323 9,181
Female 18-49 24,642 24,488 * * 24,211 23,977 7,342 7,058 * * 7,225 6,941
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 The 18+ column includes respondents with unknown past year parole/supervised release status.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.19B – Any Mental Illness and Serious Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Parole/Supervised Release Status and Demographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Any
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
18+1
(2021)		 Any
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
18+1
(2022)		 Any
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
on Parole/
Supervised
Release
(2021)		 Any
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
on Parole/
Supervised
Release
(2022)		 Any
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
Not on
Parole/
Supervised
Release
(2021)		 Any
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
Not on
Parole/
Supervised
Release
(2022)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
18+1
(2021)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
18+1
(2022)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
on Parole/
Supervised
Release
(2021)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
on Parole/
Supervised
Release
(2022)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
Not on
Parole/
Supervised
Release
(2021)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
Among
Adults
Not on
Parole/
Supervised
Release
(2022)
TOTAL 18 OR OLDER 23.0 23.1 39.0 43.1 22.9 22.9 5.7 6.0 * 13.5 5.7 6.0
AGE GROUP                        
18-49 30.0 31.1 40.4 41.4 29.9 31.0 8.4 8.6 * 14.3 8.5 8.6
18-25 34.5 36.2 * * 34.5 36.1 12.0 11.6 * * 12.0 11.6
26-34 33.4 35.1 * * 33.3 35.0 8.9 9.6 * * 8.9 9.6
35-49 25.3 25.7 * * 25.2 25.5 6.3 6.4 * * 6.2 6.3
GENDER/AGE GROUP                        
Male 18 or Older 18.1a 19.7 32.7 35.1 17.9a 19.4 4.1a 4.8 * 8.5 4.1a 4.8
Male 18-49 23.8b 26.5 * 32.1 23.6b 26.4 6.1 7.0 * 9.3 6.1 6.9
Female 18 or Older 27.7 26.4 * * 27.6 26.3 7.3 7.1 * * 7.3 7.1
Female 18-49 36.1 35.7 * * 36.0 35.5 10.8 10.3 * * 10.7 10.3
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 The 18+ column includes respondents with unknown past year parole/supervised release status.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.20A – Types and Locations of Mental Health Treatment and Other Services in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Type/Location of Treatment or Other Services Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
MENTAL HEALTH TREATMENT OR OTHER
SERVICES		 -- 58,089 -- 9,652 -- 48,437 -- 26,077 -- 22,360
MENTAL HEALTH TREATMENT -- 55,836 -- 9,283 -- 46,553 -- 25,142 -- 21,411
Inpatient -- 3,384 -- 732 -- 2,652 -- 1,370 -- 1,283
Hospital -- 2,369 -- 547 -- 1,822 -- 917 -- 905
Residential Mental Health Treatment Center -- 1,352 -- 361 -- 990 -- 599 -- 391
Residential Drug or Alcohol Rehab or Treatment
   Center		 -- 973 -- 125 -- 848 -- 494 -- 353
Some Other Place as an Inpatient -- 708 -- 92 -- 616 -- 321 -- 295
Outpatient -- 35,067 -- 6,188 -- 28,879 -- 16,442 -- 12,437
Mental Health Treatment Center -- 7,294 -- 1,267 -- 6,027 -- 3,226 -- 2,800
Drug or Alcohol Rehab or Treatment Center -- 1,485 -- 115 -- 1,369 -- 831 -- 538
Office of a Therapist, Psychologist, Psychiatrist, or
   Mental Health Professional		 -- 23,042 -- 4,613 -- 18,428 -- 11,700 -- 6,729
General Medical Clinic or Doctor’s Office -- 18,329 -- 2,599 -- 15,730 -- 7,993 -- 7,737
Hospital -- 3,058 -- 348 -- 2,710 -- 1,062 -- 1,648
School’s Health or Counseling Center -- 1,678 -- 1,162 -- 516 -- 367 -- 149
Some Other Place as an Outpatient -- 967 -- 135 -- 832 -- 324 -- 508
Outpatient, Other Than General Medical Clinic or
   Doctor’s Office		 -- 27,371 -- 5,391 -- 21,980 -- 13,242 -- 8,737
Prescription Medication -- 38,865 -- 6,085 -- 32,780 -- 17,605 -- 15,174
Telehealth Treatment1 -- 31,013 -- 5,981 -- 25,032 -- 15,798 -- 9,234
Prison, Jail, or Juvenile Detention Center -- 2,228 -- 285 -- 1,943 -- 969 -- 974
OTHER SERVICES                    
Support Services                    
Support Group -- 8,534 -- 1,513 -- 7,021 -- 3,838 -- 3,183
Peer Support Specialist or Recovery Coach -- 3,655 -- 667 -- 2,989 -- 1,587 -- 1,401
Emergency Room/Department -- 2,820 -- 783 -- 2,037 -- 1,167 -- 870
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
NOTE: Respondents could indicate multiple types/locations for receiving mental health treatment or other services; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
1 Respondents who reported that they received telehealth treatment (i.e., over the phone or through video) were not asked for the type or location of providers for the telehealth treatment they received.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.20B – Types and Locations of Mental Health Treatment and Other Services in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Type/Location of Treatment or Other Services Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
MENTAL HEALTH TREATMENT OR OTHER
SERVICES		 -- 22.7 -- 27.7 -- 21.9 -- 25.4 -- 18.8
MENTAL HEALTH TREATMENT -- 21.8 -- 26.7 -- 21.0 -- 24.5 -- 18.0
Inpatient -- 1.3 -- 2.1 -- 1.2 -- 1.3 -- 1.1
Hospital -- 0.9 -- 1.6 -- 0.8 -- 0.9 -- 0.8
Residential Mental Health Treatment Center -- 0.5 -- 1.0 -- 0.4 -- 0.6 -- 0.3
Residential Drug or Alcohol Rehab or Treatment
   Center		 -- 0.4 -- 0.4 -- 0.4 -- 0.5 -- 0.3
Some Other Place as an Inpatient -- 0.3 -- 0.3 -- 0.3 -- 0.3 -- 0.2
Outpatient -- 13.7 -- 17.8 -- 13.0 -- 16.0 -- 10.5
Mental Health Treatment Center -- 2.8 -- 3.6 -- 2.7 -- 3.1 -- 2.4
Drug or Alcohol Rehab or Treatment Center -- 0.6 -- 0.3 -- 0.6 -- 0.8 -- 0.5
Office of a Therapist, Psychologist, Psychiatrist, or
   Mental Health Professional		 -- 9.0 -- 13.3 -- 8.3 -- 11.4 -- 5.7
General Medical Clinic or Doctor’s Office -- 7.2 -- 7.5 -- 7.1 -- 7.8 -- 6.5
Hospital -- 1.2 -- 1.0 -- 1.2 -- 1.0 -- 1.4
School’s Health or Counseling Center -- 0.7 -- 3.3 -- 0.2 -- 0.4 -- 0.1
Some Other Place as an Outpatient -- 0.4 -- 0.4 -- 0.4 -- 0.3 -- 0.4
Outpatient, Other Than General Medical Clinic or
   Doctor’s Office		 -- 10.7 -- 15.5 -- 9.9 -- 12.9 -- 7.3
Prescription Medication -- 15.2 -- 17.5 -- 14.8 -- 17.2 -- 12.8
Telehealth Treatment1 -- 12.1 -- 17.2 -- 11.3 -- 15.4 -- 7.8
Prison, Jail, or Juvenile Detention Center -- 0.9 -- 0.8 -- 0.9 -- 0.9 -- 0.8
OTHER SERVICES                    
Support Services                    
Support Group -- 3.3 -- 4.3 -- 3.2 -- 3.7 -- 2.7
Peer Support Specialist or Recovery Coach -- 1.4 -- 1.9 -- 1.3 -- 1.5 -- 1.2
Emergency Room/Department -- 1.1 -- 2.3 -- 0.9 -- 1.1 -- 0.7
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
NOTE: Respondents could indicate multiple types/locations for receiving mental health treatment or other services; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
1 Respondents who reported that they received telehealth treatment (i.e., over the phone or through video) were not asked for the type or location of providers for the telehealth treatment they received.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.21A – Received Mental Health Treatment in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Demographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Any
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Any
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 No
Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No
Mental
Illness1
(2022)
TOTAL -- 55,836 -- 29,970 -- 10,241 -- 19,729 -- 25,865
AGE GROUP                    
18-25 -- 9,283 -- 6,176 -- 2,474 -- 3,702 -- 3,106
26 or Older -- 46,553 -- 23,794 -- 7,767 -- 16,027 -- 22,759
26-49 -- 25,142 -- 15,071 -- 5,267 -- 9,804 -- 10,071
50 or Older -- 21,411 -- 8,723 -- 2,500 -- 6,223 -- 12,688
GENDER                    
Male -- 20,399 -- 10,239 -- 3,568 -- 6,671 -- 10,161
Female -- 35,437 -- 19,732 -- 6,673 -- 13,059 -- 15,705
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino -- 49,384 -- 26,233 -- 8,880 -- 17,352 -- 23,151
AIAN -- 145 -- * -- * -- * -- 55
Asian -- 1,890 -- 935 -- * -- 599 -- 955
Black or African American -- 4,729 -- 2,310 -- 767 -- 1,543 -- 2,419
NHOPI -- * -- * -- * -- * -- *
White -- 40,937 -- 21,805 -- 7,285 -- 14,520 -- 19,132
Two or More Races -- 1,443 -- 995 -- 442 -- 553 -- 448
Hispanic or Latino -- 6,452 -- 3,738 -- 1,361 -- 2,377 -- 2,714
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time -- 24,545 -- 13,077 -- 4,195 -- 8,882 -- 11,467
Part-Time -- 8,593 -- 5,126 -- 1,811 -- 3,316 -- 3,467
Unemployed -- 2,403 -- 1,535 -- 602 -- 932 -- 868
Other2 -- 20,295 -- 10,232 -- 3,633 -- 6,599 -- 10,063
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
1 Respondents with no mental illness may still have received mental health treatment for a past disorder that is in partial or full remission or treatment for a disorder that was not included in the definition of mental illness or for other reasons.
2 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.21B – Received Mental Health Treatment in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Demographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Any
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Any
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 No
Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No
Mental
Illness1
(2022)
TOTAL -- 21.8 -- 50.6 -- 66.7 -- 44.9 -- 13.1
AGE GROUP                    
18-25 -- 26.7 -- 49.1 -- 61.4 -- 43.3 -- 14.0
26 or Older -- 21.0 -- 50.9 -- 68.6 -- 45.3 -- 13.0
26-49 -- 24.5 -- 50.0 -- 67.4 -- 43.9 -- 13.9
50 or Older -- 18.0 -- 52.7 -- 71.0 -- 47.8 -- 12.4
GENDER                    
Male -- 16.3 -- 41.6 -- 59.3 -- 35.8 -- 10.1
Female -- 27.0 -- 56.9 -- 71.4 -- 51.6 -- 16.3
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino -- 23.3 -- 52.6 -- 68.1 -- 47.1 -- 14.3
AIAN -- 11.6 -- * -- * -- * -- 5.5
Asian -- 12.3 -- 36.1 -- * -- 30.5 -- 7.4
Black or African American -- 15.3 -- 37.9 -- 52.3 -- 33.3 -- 9.7
NHOPI -- * -- * -- * -- * -- *
White -- 25.9 -- 56.1 -- 71.4 -- 50.6 -- 16.0
Two or More Races -- 28.6 -- 56.0 -- 73.9 -- 46.9 -- 13.7
Hispanic or Latino -- 14.6 -- 39.6 -- 58.4 -- 33.4 -- 7.8
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time -- 20.7 -- 48.5 -- 65.7 -- 43.1 -- 12.5
Part-Time -- 26.2 -- 55.3 -- 66.6 -- 50.5 -- 14.7
Unemployed -- 21.8 -- 41.6 -- 52.4 -- 36.7 -- 11.9
Other2 -- 21.6 -- 52.9 -- 71.2 -- 46.4 -- 13.5
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
1 Respondents with no mental illness may still have received mental health treatment for a past disorder that is in partial or full remission or treatment for a disorder that was not included in the definition of mental illness or for other reasons.
2 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.22A – Received Mental Health Treatment in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Any
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Any
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 No
Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No
Mental
Illness1
(2022)
TOTAL -- 55,836 -- 29,970 -- 10,241 -- 19,729 -- 25,865
GEOGRAPHIC REGION                    
Northeast -- 10,113 -- 5,210 -- 1,582 -- 3,627 -- 4,903
Midwest -- 13,543 -- 7,230 -- 2,421 -- 4,809 -- 6,313
South -- 19,362 -- 10,301 -- 3,718 -- 6,583 -- 9,061
West -- 12,819 -- 7,230 -- 2,520 -- 4,710 -- 5,589
COUNTY TYPE                    
Large Metro -- 29,294 -- 15,387 -- 5,020 -- 10,368 -- 13,907
Small Metro -- 18,856 -- 10,366 -- 3,713 -- 6,654 -- 8,490
Nonmetro -- 7,685 -- 4,217 -- 1,509 -- 2,708 -- 3,468
Urbanized -- 3,303 -- 1,829 -- 597 -- 1,232 -- 1,474
Less Urbanized -- 3,821 -- 2,036 -- 699 -- 1,337 -- 1,785
Completely Rural -- 561 -- * -- * -- * -- 210
POVERTY LEVEL2                    
Less Than 100% -- 8,653 -- 5,156 -- 2,164 -- 2,992 -- 3,497
100-199% -- 10,636 -- 6,005 -- 2,267 -- 3,738 -- 4,631
200% or More -- 36,545 -- 18,808 -- 5,810 -- 12,998 -- 17,737
EDUCATION LEVEL                    
< High School -- 3,776 -- 2,089 -- 784 -- 1,305 -- 1,687
High School Graduate -- 12,082 -- 6,458 -- 2,535 -- 3,924 -- 5,624
Some College/Associate's Degree -- 18,611 -- 10,482 -- 3,848 -- 6,635 -- 8,129
College Graduate -- 21,366 -- 10,941 -- 3,075 -- 7,866 -- 10,425
HEALTH INSURANCE3                    
Private -- 34,845 -- 18,121 -- 5,735 -- 12,386 -- 16,724
Medicaid/CHIP -- 13,734 -- 8,445 -- 3,493 -- 4,952 -- 5,289
Other4 -- 15,186 -- 6,627 -- 2,197 -- 4,430 -- 8,559
No Coverage -- 2,791 -- 1,721 -- 621 -- 1,100 -- 1,071
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
1 Respondents with no mental illness may still have received mental health treatment for a past disorder that is in partial or full remission or treatment for a disorder that was not included in the definition of mental illness or for other reasons.
2 Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded.
3 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
4 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.22B – Received Mental Health Treatment in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Any
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Any
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 No
Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No
Mental
Illness1
(2022)
TOTAL -- 21.8 -- 50.6 -- 66.7 -- 44.9 -- 13.1
GEOGRAPHIC REGION                    
Northeast -- 22.5 -- 53.1 -- 68.1 -- 48.5 -- 13.9
Midwest -- 25.7 -- 55.8 -- 72.6 -- 49.9 -- 15.9
South -- 19.8 -- 48.2 -- 64.5 -- 42.2 -- 11.8
West -- 21.2 -- 47.8 -- 64.0 -- 42.1 -- 12.3
COUNTY TYPE                    
Large Metro -- 20.8 -- 49.3 -- 65.4 -- 44.1 -- 12.7
Small Metro -- 23.2 -- 51.0 -- 67.0 -- 45.0 -- 13.9
Nonmetro -- 22.7 -- 54.2 -- 70.3 -- 48.1 -- 13.3
Urbanized -- 23.2 -- 55.1 -- 65.1 -- 51.3 -- 13.5
Less Urbanized -- 22.5 -- 53.6 -- 70.0 -- 47.8 -- 13.5
Completely Rural -- 21.8 -- * -- * -- * -- 11.0
POVERTY LEVEL2                    
Less Than 100% -- 23.9 -- 49.3 -- 70.2 -- 40.6 -- 13.6
100-199% -- 21.3 -- 47.4 -- 61.4 -- 41.7 -- 12.5
200% or More -- 21.5 -- 52.0 -- 67.7 -- 47.1 -- 13.2
EDUCATION LEVEL                    
< High School -- 15.5 -- 40.1 -- 61.7 -- 33.1 -- 8.8
High School Graduate -- 17.5 -- 45.4 -- 61.7 -- 38.8 -- 10.2
Some College/Associate's Degree -- 23.9 -- 50.5 -- 66.0 -- 44.4 -- 14.3
College Graduate -- 25.1 -- 57.4 -- 74.1 -- 52.8 -- 15.8
HEALTH INSURANCE3                    
Private -- 22.3 -- 53.5 -- 70.1 -- 48.2 -- 13.7
Medicaid/CHIP -- 28.6 -- 55.1 -- 70.7 -- 47.6 -- 16.2
Other4 -- 19.8 -- 53.4 -- 75.0 -- 46.8 -- 13.3
No Coverage -- 12.0 -- 29.4 -- 41.1 -- 25.3 -- 6.2
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
1 Respondents with no mental illness may still have received mental health treatment for a past disorder that is in partial or full remission or treatment for a disorder that was not included in the definition of mental illness or for other reasons.
2 Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded.
3 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
4 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.23A – Received Mental Health Treatment as an Inpatient in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Any
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Any
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 No
Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No
Mental
Illness1
(2022)
TOTAL -- 3,384 -- 2,155 -- 1,127 -- 1,029 -- 1,229
AGE GROUP                    
18-25 -- 732 -- 519 -- 300 -- 218 -- 213
26 or Older -- 2,652 -- 1,637 -- 826 -- 810 -- 1,016
26-49 -- 1,370 -- 981 -- 495 -- 486 -- 389
50 or Older -- 1,283 -- 656 -- 331 -- 325 -- 627
GENDER                    
Male -- 1,960 -- 1,200 -- 588 -- 612 -- 759
Female -- 1,424 -- 955 -- 538 -- 417 -- 470
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino -- 2,813 -- 1,816 -- 954 -- 862 -- 997
AIAN -- 12 -- * -- * -- * -- 2
Asian -- 98 -- 60 -- * -- 28 -- 38
Black or African American -- 729 -- 349 -- 152 -- 197 -- 380
NHOPI -- * -- * -- * -- * -- *
White -- 1,871 -- 1,352 -- 739 -- 613 -- 519
Two or More Races -- 65 -- 38 -- 23 -- 16 -- 27
Hispanic or Latino -- 571 -- 340 -- 172 -- 167 -- 232
HEALTH INSURANCE2                    
Private -- 1,218 -- 756 -- 471 -- 285 -- 462
Medicaid/CHIP -- 1,706 -- 1,110 -- 547 -- 563 -- 596
Other3 -- 1,160 -- 643 -- 300 -- 344 -- 516
No Coverage -- 304 -- 174 -- 61 -- 113 -- 130
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time -- 939 -- 593 -- 317 -- 275 -- 347
Part-Time -- 520 -- 441 -- 209 -- 231 -- 79
Unemployed -- 388 -- 217 -- 111 -- 106 -- 171
Other4 -- 1,537 -- 904 -- 488 -- 416 -- 632
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
1 Respondents with no mental illness may still have received mental health treatment for a past disorder that is in partial or full remission or treatment for a disorder that was not included in the definition of mental illness or for other reasons.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
4 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.23B – Received Mental Health Treatment as an Inpatient in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Any
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Any
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 No
Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No
Mental
Illness1
(2022)
TOTAL -- 1.3 -- 3.6 -- 7.3 -- 2.3 -- 0.6
AGE GROUP                    
18-25 -- 2.1 -- 4.1 -- 7.5 -- 2.6 -- 1.0
26 or Older -- 1.2 -- 3.5 -- 7.3 -- 2.3 -- 0.6
26-49 -- 1.3 -- 3.3 -- 6.3 -- 2.2 -- 0.5
50 or Older -- 1.1 -- 4.0 -- 9.4 -- 2.5 -- 0.6
GENDER                    
Male -- 1.6 -- 4.9 -- 9.8 -- 3.3 -- 0.8
Female -- 1.1 -- 2.8 -- 5.8 -- 1.6 -- 0.5
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino -- 1.3 -- 3.6 -- 7.3 -- 2.3 -- 0.6
AIAN -- 1.0 -- * -- * -- * -- 0.2
Asian -- 0.6 -- 2.3 -- * -- 1.4 -- 0.3
Black or African American -- 2.4 -- 5.7 -- 10.4 -- 4.3 -- 1.5
NHOPI -- * -- * -- * -- * -- *
White -- 1.2 -- 3.5 -- 7.2 -- 2.1 -- 0.4
Two or More Races -- 1.3 -- 2.2 -- 3.8 -- 1.3 -- 0.8
Hispanic or Latino -- 1.3 -- 3.6 -- 7.4 -- 2.3 -- 0.7
HEALTH INSURANCE2                    
Private -- 0.8 -- 2.2 -- 5.8 -- 1.1 -- 0.4
Medicaid/CHIP -- 3.5 -- 7.2 -- 11.1 -- 5.4 -- 1.8
Other3 -- 1.5 -- 5.2 -- 10.2 -- 3.6 -- 0.8
No Coverage -- 1.3 -- 3.0 -- 4.0 -- 2.6 -- 0.7
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time -- 0.8 -- 2.2 -- 5.0 -- 1.3 -- 0.4
Part-Time -- 1.6 -- 4.8 -- 7.7 -- 3.5 -- 0.3
Unemployed -- 3.5 -- 5.9 -- 9.7 -- 4.2 -- 2.3
Other4 -- 1.6 -- 4.7 -- 9.6 -- 2.9 -- 0.8
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
1 Respondents with no mental illness may still have received mental health treatment for a past disorder that is in partial or full remission or treatment for a disorder that was not included in the definition of mental illness or for other reasons.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
4 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.24A – Received Mental Health Treatment as an Outpatient in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Any
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Any
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 No
Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No
Mental
Illness1
(2022)
TOTAL -- 35,067 -- 20,996 -- 7,839 -- 13,156 -- 14,072
AGE GROUP                    
18-25 -- 6,188 -- 4,407 -- 1,831 -- 2,576 -- 1,781
26 or Older -- 28,879 -- 16,588 -- 6,008 -- 10,580 -- 12,291
26-49 -- 16,442 -- 10,918 -- 4,099 -- 6,819 -- 5,524
50 or Older -- 12,437 -- 5,670 -- 1,909 -- 3,761 -- 6,767
GENDER                    
Male -- 12,667 -- 6,995 -- 2,683 -- 4,312 -- 5,672
Female -- 22,400 -- 14,000 -- 5,156 -- 8,844 -- 8,400
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino -- 30,717 -- 18,336 -- 6,785 -- 11,551 -- 12,381
AIAN -- 78 -- 55 -- * -- * -- 23
Asian -- 1,262 -- 686 -- * -- 413 -- 576
Black or African American -- 2,992 -- 1,475 -- 493 -- 982 -- 1,517
NHOPI -- * -- * -- * -- * -- *
White -- 25,269 -- 15,355 -- 5,629 -- 9,727 -- 9,914
Two or More Races -- 1,001 -- 715 -- * -- 353 -- 287
Hispanic or Latino -- 4,350 -- 2,659 -- 1,054 -- 1,605 -- 1,691
HEALTH INSURANCE2                    
Private -- 21,343 -- 12,742 -- 4,411 -- 8,331 -- 8,602
Medicaid/CHIP -- 9,164 -- 5,878 -- 2,689 -- 3,189 -- 3,286
Other3 -- 9,141 -- 4,485 -- 1,607 -- 2,878 -- 4,656
No Coverage -- 1,731 -- 1,136 -- 474 -- 662 -- 595
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time -- 15,159 -- 8,937 -- 3,178 -- 5,759 -- 6,223
Part-Time -- 5,904 -- 3,837 -- 1,463 -- 2,374 -- 2,066
Unemployed -- 1,532 -- 1,000 -- 465 -- 535 -- 532
Other4 -- 12,472 -- 7,221 -- 2,733 -- 4,488 -- 5,251
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
1 Respondents with no mental illness may still have received mental health treatment for a past disorder that is in partial or full remission or treatment for a disorder that was not included in the definition of mental illness or for other reasons.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
4 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.24B – Received Mental Health Treatment as an Outpatient in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Any
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Any
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 No
Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No
Mental
Illness1
(2022)
TOTAL -- 13.7 -- 35.4 -- 51.0 -- 30.0 -- 7.1
AGE GROUP                    
18-25 -- 17.8 -- 35.0 -- 45.4 -- 30.1 -- 8.0
26 or Older -- 13.0 -- 35.5 -- 53.0 -- 29.9 -- 7.0
26-49 -- 16.0 -- 36.2 -- 52.5 -- 30.5 -- 7.6
50 or Older -- 10.5 -- 34.3 -- 54.2 -- 28.9 -- 6.6
GENDER                    
Male -- 10.1 -- 28.4 -- 44.6 -- 23.2 -- 5.6
Female -- 17.1 -- 40.4 -- 55.2 -- 34.9 -- 8.7
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino -- 14.5 -- 36.8 -- 52.1 -- 31.4 -- 7.6
AIAN -- 6.3 -- 22.8 -- * -- * -- 2.3
Asian -- 8.2 -- 26.5 -- * -- 21.0 -- 4.5
Black or African American -- 9.7 -- 24.2 -- 33.6 -- 21.2 -- 6.1
NHOPI -- * -- * -- * -- * -- *
White -- 16.0 -- 39.5 -- 55.1 -- 33.9 -- 8.3
Two or More Races -- 19.8 -- 40.2 -- * -- 30.0 -- 8.8
Hispanic or Latino -- 9.8 -- 28.1 -- 45.3 -- 22.5 -- 4.9
HEALTH INSURANCE2                    
Private -- 13.7 -- 37.6 -- 53.9 -- 32.4 -- 7.0
Medicaid/CHIP -- 19.1 -- 38.3 -- 54.4 -- 30.7 -- 10.0
Other3 -- 11.9 -- 36.2 -- 54.9 -- 30.4 -- 7.2
No Coverage -- 7.4 -- 19.4 -- 31.3 -- 15.2 -- 3.4
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time -- 12.8 -- 33.1 -- 49.7 -- 28.0 -- 6.8
Part-Time -- 18.0 -- 41.4 -- 53.9 -- 36.2 -- 8.8
Unemployed -- 13.9 -- 27.1 -- 40.5 -- 21.1 -- 7.3
Other4 -- 13.3 -- 37.3 -- 53.5 -- 31.5 -- 7.0
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
1 Respondents with no mental illness may still have received mental health treatment for a past disorder that is in partial or full remission or treatment for a disorder that was not included in the definition of mental illness or for other reasons.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
4 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.25A – Received Mental Health Treatment through Prescription Medication in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Any
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Any
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 No
Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No
Mental
Illness1
(2022)
TOTAL -- 38,865 -- 22,817 -- 8,266 -- 14,551 -- 16,048
AGE GROUP                    
18-25 -- 6,085 -- 4,278 -- 1,856 -- 2,422 -- 1,808
26 or Older -- 32,780 -- 18,539 -- 6,410 -- 12,129 -- 14,240
26-49 -- 17,605 -- 11,345 -- 4,297 -- 7,048 -- 6,260
50 or Older -- 15,174 -- 7,194 -- 2,113 -- 5,081 -- 7,980
GENDER                    
Male -- 13,374 -- 7,591 -- 2,794 -- 4,797 -- 5,784
Female -- 25,491 -- 15,226 -- 5,472 -- 9,754 -- 10,264
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino -- 35,161 -- 20,347 -- 7,264 -- 13,083 -- 14,814
AIAN -- 101 -- 64 -- * -- * -- 37
Asian -- 921 -- 557 -- * -- 344 -- 364
Black or African American -- 2,376 -- 1,479 -- 607 -- 872 -- 897
NHOPI -- * -- * -- * -- * -- *
White -- 30,822 -- 17,578 -- 6,099 -- 11,479 -- 13,244
Two or More Races -- 832 -- 619 -- * -- 319 -- 213
Hispanic or Latino -- 3,704 -- 2,470 -- 1,002 -- 1,468 -- 1,234
HEALTH INSURANCE2                    
Private -- 24,314 -- 13,592 -- 4,609 -- 8,983 -- 10,722
Medicaid/CHIP -- 9,826 -- 6,645 -- 2,952 -- 3,693 -- 3,181
Other3 -- 10,561 -- 5,338 -- 1,777 -- 3,561 -- 5,223
No Coverage -- 1,817 -- 1,301 -- 498 -- 803 -- 516
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time -- 16,853 -- 9,779 -- 3,385 -- 6,394 -- 7,074
Part-Time -- 5,960 -- 3,813 -- 1,413 -- 2,400 -- 2,147
Unemployed -- 1,653 -- 1,178 -- 464 -- 714 -- 475
Other4 -- 14,398 -- 8,046 -- 3,004 -- 5,042 -- 6,352
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
1 Respondents with no mental illness may still have received mental health treatment for a past disorder that is in partial or full remission or treatment for a disorder that was not included in the definition of mental illness or for other reasons.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
4 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.25B – Received Mental Health Treatment through Prescription Medication in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Any
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Any
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Serious
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 No
Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No
Mental
Illness1
(2022)
TOTAL -- 15.2 -- 38.5 -- 53.8 -- 33.1 -- 8.1
AGE GROUP                    
18-25 -- 17.5 -- 34.0 -- 46.0 -- 28.3 -- 8.1
26 or Older -- 14.8 -- 39.7 -- 56.6 -- 34.3 -- 8.1
26-49 -- 17.2 -- 37.6 -- 55.0 -- 31.5 -- 8.6
50 or Older -- 12.8 -- 43.5 -- 60.0 -- 39.0 -- 7.8
GENDER                    
Male -- 10.7 -- 30.8 -- 46.4 -- 25.8 -- 5.8
Female -- 19.4 -- 43.9 -- 58.6 -- 38.5 -- 10.6
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino -- 16.6 -- 40.8 -- 55.7 -- 35.5 -- 9.1
AIAN -- 8.2 -- 26.4 -- * -- * -- 3.7
Asian -- 6.0 -- 21.5 -- * -- 17.5 -- 2.8
Black or African American -- 7.7 -- 24.3 -- 41.4 -- 18.8 -- 3.6
NHOPI -- * -- * -- * -- * -- *
White -- 19.5 -- 45.2 -- 59.7 -- 40.0 -- 11.1
Two or More Races -- 16.5 -- 34.8 -- * -- 27.0 -- 6.5
Hispanic or Latino -- 8.4 -- 26.1 -- 43.0 -- 20.6 -- 3.5
HEALTH INSURANCE2                    
Private -- 15.6 -- 40.1 -- 56.3 -- 34.9 -- 8.8
Medicaid/CHIP -- 20.4 -- 43.3 -- 59.7 -- 35.5 -- 9.7
Other3 -- 13.8 -- 43.1 -- 60.7 -- 37.6 -- 8.1
No Coverage -- 7.8 -- 22.2 -- 32.9 -- 18.5 -- 3.0
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time -- 14.2 -- 36.2 -- 53.0 -- 31.0 -- 7.7
Part-Time -- 18.2 -- 41.1 -- 52.0 -- 36.6 -- 9.1
Unemployed -- 15.0 -- 31.9 -- 40.4 -- 28.1 -- 6.5
Other4 -- 15.3 -- 41.6 -- 58.8 -- 35.4 -- 8.5
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
1 Respondents with no mental illness may still have received mental health treatment for a past disorder that is in partial or full remission or treatment for a disorder that was not included in the definition of mental illness or for other reasons.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
4 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.26A – Received Mental Health Treatment through Telehealth in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Socioeconomic
Characteristic		 Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Any
Mental Illness
(2021)		 Any
Mental Illness
(2022)		 Serious
Mental Illness
(2021)		 Serious
Mental Illness
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 No
Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No
Mental
Illness1
(2022)
TOTAL -- 31,013 -- 19,628 -- 7,527 -- 12,101 -- 11,385
AGE GROUP                    
18-25 -- 5,981 -- 4,283 -- 1,891 -- 2,392 -- 1,698
26 or Older -- 25,032 -- 15,345 -- 5,636 -- 9,709 -- 9,687
26-49 -- 15,798 -- 10,260 -- 3,915 -- 6,345 -- 5,538
50 or Older -- 9,234 -- 5,085 -- 1,721 -- 3,364 -- 4,149
GENDER                    
Male -- 10,812 -- 6,607 -- 2,566 -- 4,041 -- 4,205
Female -- 20,201 -- 13,021 -- 4,962 -- 8,060 -- 7,179
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino -- 26,833 -- 16,869 -- 6,451 -- 10,418 -- 9,964
AIAN -- 82 -- 50 -- * -- 18 -- 32
Asian -- 1,239 -- 738 -- * -- 440 -- 501
Black or African American -- 2,342 -- 1,491 -- 547 -- 944 -- 851
NHOPI -- * -- * -- * -- * -- *
White -- 22,174 -- 13,825 -- 5,187 -- 8,638 -- 8,348
Two or More Races -- 902 -- 714 -- * -- 332 -- 188
Hispanic or Latino -- 4,180 -- 2,760 -- 1,076 -- 1,683 -- 1,421
HEALTH INSURANCE2                    
Private -- 19,835 -- 12,074 -- 4,284 -- 7,790 -- 7,761
Medicaid/CHIP -- 7,925 -- 5,515 -- 2,458 -- 3,057 -- 2,410
Other3 -- 6,692 -- 3,900 -- 1,543 -- 2,358 -- 2,791
No Coverage -- 1,370 -- 967 -- 443 -- 524 -- 403
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time -- 14,661 -- 8,850 -- 3,143 -- 5,706 -- 5,811
Part-Time -- 5,098 -- 3,375 -- 1,459 -- 1,916 -- 1,723
Unemployed -- 1,448 -- 1,016 -- 465 -- 551 -- 432
Other4 -- 9,806 -- 6,388 -- 2,460 -- 3,928 -- 3,418
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Respondents who reported that they received telehealth treatment (i.e., over the phone or through video) were not asked for the type or location of providers for the telehealth treatment they received.
NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
1 Respondents with no mental illness may still have received mental health treatment for a past disorder that is in partial or full remission or treatment for a disorder that was not included in the definition of mental illness or for other reasons.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
4 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.26B – Received Mental Health Treatment through Telehealth in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Socioeconomic
Characteristic		 Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Any
Mental Illness
(2021)		 Any
Mental Illness
(2022)		 Serious
Mental Illness
(2021)		 Serious
Mental Illness
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious
Mental
Illness
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious
Mental
Illness
(2022)		 No
Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No
Mental
Illness1
(2022)
TOTAL -- 12.1 -- 33.1 -- 49.0 -- 27.5 -- 5.8
AGE GROUP                    
18-25 -- 17.2 -- 34.0 -- 46.9 -- 28.0 -- 7.6
26 or Older -- 11.3 -- 32.9 -- 49.8 -- 27.4 -- 5.5
26-49 -- 15.4 -- 34.0 -- 50.1 -- 28.4 -- 7.6
50 or Older -- 7.8 -- 30.7 -- 48.9 -- 25.8 -- 4.1
GENDER                    
Male -- 8.6 -- 26.8 -- 42.6 -- 21.7 -- 4.2
Female -- 15.4 -- 37.6 -- 53.1 -- 31.8 -- 7.4
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino -- 12.7 -- 33.8 -- 49.5 -- 28.3 -- 6.1
AIAN -- 6.6 -- 20.6 -- * -- 11.9 -- 3.2
Asian -- 8.0 -- 28.5 -- * -- 22.4 -- 3.9
Black or African American -- 7.6 -- 24.5 -- 37.3 -- 20.4 -- 3.4
NHOPI -- * -- * -- * -- * -- *
White -- 14.0 -- 35.6 -- 50.8 -- 30.1 -- 7.0
Two or More Races -- 17.9 -- 40.1 -- * -- 28.2 -- 5.8
Hispanic or Latino -- 9.4 -- 29.2 -- 46.2 -- 23.6 -- 4.1
HEALTH INSURANCE2                    
Private -- 12.7 -- 35.6 -- 52.4 -- 30.3 -- 6.4
Medicaid/CHIP -- 16.5 -- 36.0 -- 49.7 -- 29.4 -- 7.4
Other3 -- 8.7 -- 31.5 -- 52.7 -- 24.9 -- 4.3
No Coverage -- 5.9 -- 16.5 -- 29.3 -- 12.1 -- 2.3
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time -- 12.4 -- 32.8 -- 49.2 -- 27.7 -- 6.4
Part-Time -- 15.5 -- 36.4 -- 53.7 -- 29.2 -- 7.3
Unemployed -- 13.1 -- 27.5 -- 40.5 -- 21.7 -- 5.9
Other4 -- 10.4 -- 33.0 -- 48.2 -- 27.6 -- 4.6
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Respondents who reported that they received telehealth treatment (i.e., over the phone or through video) were not asked for the type or location of providers for the telehealth treatment they received.
NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
1 Respondents with no mental illness may still have received mental health treatment for a past disorder that is in partial or full remission or treatment for a disorder that was not included in the definition of mental illness or for other reasons.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
4 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.27A – Received Substance Use Treatment and/or Mental Health Treatment in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder and Level of Mental Illness and Age Group, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Co-Occurring Substance Use
Disorder and Level of Mental
Illness/Age Group		 Received
Substance Use
Treatment
(SU Tx)
OR
Mental Health
(MH)
Treatment
(2021)		 Received
Substance Use
Treatment
(SU Tx)
OR
Mental Health
(MH)
Treatment
(2022)		 Received
SU Tx
BUT NOT
MH Treatment
(2021)		 Received
SU Tx
BUT NOT
MH Treatment
(2022)		 Received MH
Treatment
BUT NOT
SU Tx
(2021)		 Received MH
Treatment
BUT NOT
SU Tx
(2022)		 Received
SU Tx
AND
MH Treatment
(2021)		 Received
SU Tx
AND
MH Treatment
(2022)		 Received
NEITHER
SU Tx
NOR
MH Treatment
(2021)		 Received
NEITHER
SU Tx
NOR
MH Treatment
(2022)
Substance Use Disorder and
   Any Mental Illness		 -- 12,725 -- 910 -- 8,157 -- 3,657 -- 8,818
18-25 -- 3,076 -- 154 -- 2,212 -- 710 -- 2,193
26 or Older -- 9,649 -- 757 -- 5,945 -- 2,947 -- 6,625
26-49 -- 6,616 -- 569 -- 4,143 -- 1,904 -- 5,053
50 or Older -- 3,033 -- 188 -- 1,802 -- 1,043 -- 1,572
Substance Use Disorder and
   Serious Mental Illness		 -- 5,273 -- 173 -- 3,329 -- 1,771 -- 2,137
18-25 -- 1,393 -- 22 -- 1,066 -- 304 -- 686
26 or Older -- 3,880 -- 150 -- 2,263 -- 1,467 -- 1,451
26-49 -- 2,609 -- 96 -- 1,577 -- 936 -- 1,218
50 or Older -- 1,271 -- 54 -- * -- * -- 233
Substance Use Disorder and
   Any Mental Illness Excluding
   Serious Mental Illness		 -- 7,452 -- 738 -- 4,828 -- 1,887 -- 6,682
18-25 -- 1,684 -- 131 -- 1,146 -- 406 -- 1,508
26 or Older -- 5,768 -- 606 -- 3,682 -- 1,480 -- 5,174
26-49 -- 4,007 -- 473 -- 2,566 -- 968 -- 3,835
50 or Older -- 1,762 -- 134 -- 1,116 -- 512 -- 1,339
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Substance use treatment includes treatment for drug or alcohol use through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; medication-assisted treatment; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center. Substance use treatment questions are asked of respondents who used alcohol or drugs in their lifetime. These estimates include data from respondents who reported that they received any substance use treatment but did not report the substance for which they received treatment.
NOTE: Because of the proportion of respondents in the “substance unspecified” category for treatment, the estimates in this table have added uncertainty. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria. Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. The estimates in this table include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.27B – Received Substance Use Treatment and/or Mental Health Treatment in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder and Level of Mental Illness and Age Group, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Co-Occurring Substance Use
Disorder and Level of Mental
Illness/Age Group		 Received
Substance Use
Treatment
(SU Tx)
OR
Mental Health
(MH)
Treatment
(2021)		 Received
Substance Use
Treatment
(SU Tx)
OR
Mental Health
(MH)
Treatment
(2022)		 Received
SU Tx
BUT NOT
MH Treatment
(2021)		 Received
SU Tx
BUT NOT
MH Treatment
(2022)		 Received MH
Treatment
BUT NOT
SU Tx
(2021)		 Received MH
Treatment
BUT NOT
SU Tx
(2022)		 Received
SU Tx
AND
MH Treatment
(2021)		 Received
SU Tx
AND
MH Treatment
(2022)		 Received
NEITHER
SU Tx
NOR
MH Treatment
(2021)		 Received
NEITHER
SU Tx
NOR
MH Treatment
(2022)
Substance Use Disorder and
   Any Mental Illness		 -- 59.1 -- 4.2 -- 37.9 -- 17.0 -- 40.9
18-25 -- 58.4 -- 2.9 -- 42.0 -- 13.5 -- 41.6
26 or Older -- 59.3 -- 4.6 -- 36.5 -- 18.1 -- 40.7
26-49 -- 56.7 -- 4.9 -- 35.5 -- 16.3 -- 43.3
50 or Older -- 65.9 -- 4.1 -- 39.1 -- 22.7 -- 34.1
Substance Use Disorder and
   Serious Mental Illness		 -- 71.2 -- 2.3 -- 44.9 -- 23.9 -- 28.8
18-25 -- 67.0 -- 1.1 -- 51.3 -- 14.6 -- 33.0
26 or Older -- 72.8 -- 2.8 -- 42.4 -- 27.5 -- 27.2
26-49 -- 68.2 -- 2.5 -- 41.2 -- 24.4 -- 31.8
50 or Older -- 84.5 -- 3.6 -- * -- * -- 15.5
Substance Use Disorder and
   Any Mental Illness Excluding
   Serious Mental Illness		 -- 52.7 -- 5.2 -- 34.2 -- 13.3 -- 47.3
18-25 -- 52.8 -- 4.1 -- 35.9 -- 12.7 -- 47.2
26 or Older -- 52.7 -- 5.5 -- 33.6 -- 13.5 -- 47.3
26-49 -- 51.1 -- 6.0 -- 32.7 -- 12.3 -- 48.9
50 or Older -- 56.8 -- 4.3 -- 36.0 -- 16.5 -- 43.2
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Substance use treatment includes treatment for drug or alcohol use through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; medication-assisted treatment; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center. Substance use treatment questions are asked of respondents who used alcohol or drugs in their lifetime. These estimates include data from respondents who reported that they received any substance use treatment but did not report the substance for which they received treatment.
NOTE: Because of the proportion of respondents in the “substance unspecified” category for treatment, the estimates in this table have added uncertainty. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria. Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. The estimates in this table include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.28A – Sought or Thought Should Get Mental Health Treatment in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment in Past Year; by Demographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Among People Aged 18 or Older Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment in Past Year
Sought or Thought
Should Get
Treatment
(2021)		 Sought or Thought
Should Get
Treatment
(2022)		 Sought
Treatment
(2021)		 Sought
Treatment
(2022)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment but
Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2021)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment but
Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2022)		 Did Not Seek
Treatment and Did
Not Think Should
Get Treatment
(2021)		 Did Not Seek
Treatment and Did
Not Think Should
Get Treatment
(2022)
TOTAL -- 12,082 -- 1,876 -- 10,190 -- 184,591
AGE GROUP                
18-25 -- 4,026 -- 606 -- 3,409 -- 21,072
26 or Older -- 8,057 -- 1,270 -- 6,781 -- 163,519
26-49 -- 6,268 -- 1,017 -- 5,246 -- 69,585
50 or Older -- 1,789 -- 253 -- 1,536 -- 93,934
GENDER                
Male -- 5,380 -- 773 -- 4,597 -- 97,111
Female -- 6,702 -- 1,103 -- 5,593 -- 87,480
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                
Not Hispanic or Latino -- 10,083 -- 1,548 -- 8,523 -- 149,687
AIAN -- 65 -- 5 -- 50 -- 1,013
Asian -- 884 -- 130 -- 754 -- 12,400
Black or African American -- 1,211 -- 251 -- 959 -- 24,404
NHOPI -- * -- 10 -- * -- *
White -- 7,609 -- 1,115 -- 6,493 -- 107,702
Two or More Races -- 288 -- 37 -- 252 -- 3,232
Hispanic or Latino -- 2,000 -- 328 -- 1,667 -- 34,904
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                
Full-Time -- 6,551 -- 1,007 -- 5,543 -- 85,788
Part-Time -- 2,394 -- 342 -- 2,038 -- 21,442
Unemployed -- 695 -- 85 -- 610 -- 7,765
Other1 -- 2,442 -- 442 -- 1,999 -- 69,597
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
NOTE: Respondents with unknown data for whether they sought or thought they should get mental health treatment were excluded.
1 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.28B – Sought or Thought Should Get Mental Health Treatment in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment in Past Year; by Demographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Among People Aged 18 or Older Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment in Past Year
Sought or Thought
Should Get
Treatment
(2021)		 Sought or Thought
Should Get
Treatment
(2022)		 Sought
Treatment
(2021)		 Sought
Treatment
(2022)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment but
Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2021)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment but
Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2022)		 Did Not Seek
Treatment and Did
Not Think Should
Get Treatment
(2021)		 Did Not Seek
Treatment and Did
Not Think Should
Get Treatment
(2022)
TOTAL -- 6.1 -- 1.0 -- 5.2 -- 93.9
AGE GROUP                
18-25 -- 16.0 -- 2.4 -- 13.6 -- 84.0
26 or Older -- 4.7 -- 0.7 -- 4.0 -- 95.3
26-49 -- 8.3 -- 1.3 -- 6.9 -- 91.7
50 or Older -- 1.9 -- 0.3 -- 1.6 -- 98.1
GENDER                
Male -- 5.2 -- 0.8 -- 4.5 -- 94.8
Female -- 7.1 -- 1.2 -- 5.9 -- 92.9
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                
Not Hispanic or Latino -- 6.3 -- 1.0 -- 5.3 -- 93.7
AIAN -- 6.0 -- 0.5 -- 4.7 -- 94.0
Asian -- 6.7 -- 1.0 -- 5.7 -- 93.3
Black or African American -- 4.7 -- 1.0 -- 3.7 -- 95.3
NHOPI -- * -- 1.0 -- * -- *
White -- 6.6 -- 1.0 -- 5.6 -- 93.4
Two or More Races -- 8.2 -- 1.0 -- 7.1 -- 91.8
Hispanic or Latino -- 5.4 -- 0.9 -- 4.5 -- 94.6
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                
Full-Time -- 7.1 -- 1.1 -- 6.0 -- 92.9
Part-Time -- 10.0 -- 1.4 -- 8.6 -- 90.0
Unemployed -- 8.2 -- 1.0 -- 7.2 -- 91.8
Other1 -- 3.4 -- 0.6 -- 2.8 -- 96.6
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
NOTE: Respondents with unknown data for whether they sought or thought they should get mental health treatment were excluded.
1 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.29A – Sought or Thought Should Get Mental Health Treatment in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment in Past Year; by Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Among People Aged 18 or Older Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment in Past Year
Sought or Thought
Should Get
Treatment
(2021)		 Sought or Thought
Should Get
Treatment
(2022)		 Sought
Treatment
(2021)		 Sought
Treatment
(2022)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment but
Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2021)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment but
Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2022)		 Did Not Seek
Treatment and Did
Not Think Should
Get Treatment
(2021)		 Did Not Seek
Treatment and Did
Not Think Should
Get Treatment
(2022)
TOTAL -- 12,082 -- 1,876 -- 10,190 -- 184,591
GEOGRAPHIC REGION                
Northeast -- 2,127 -- 435 -- 1,691 -- 32,018
Midwest -- 2,393 -- 302 -- 2,091 -- 36,214
South -- 4,020 -- 607 -- 3,401 -- 73,138
West -- 3,543 -- 531 -- 3,007 -- 43,221
COUNTY TYPE                
Large Metro -- 7,143 -- 1,146 -- 5,991 -- 102,862
Small Metro -- 3,857 -- 572 -- 3,275 -- 57,219
Nonmetro -- 1,082 -- 158 -- 924 -- 24,510
Urbanized -- 587 -- 69 -- 518 -- 10,116
Less Urbanized -- 448 -- 82 -- 366 -- 12,466
Completely Rural -- 47 -- 7 -- 40 -- 1,928
POVERTY LEVEL1                
Less Than 100% -- 1,371 -- 232 -- 1,134 -- 25,491
100-199% -- 2,099 -- 317 -- 1,781 -- 36,144
200% or More -- 8,610 -- 1,324 -- 7,275 -- 122,953
EDUCATION LEVEL                
< High School -- 450 -- 99 -- 350 -- 19,511
High School Graduate -- 2,391 -- 354 -- 2,027 -- 53,310
Some College/Associate’s Degree -- 4,224 -- 607 -- 3,612 -- 53,965
College Graduate -- 5,018 -- 816 -- 4,201 -- 57,805
HEALTH INSURANCE2                
Private -- 7,990 -- 1,148 -- 6,830 -- 111,206
Medicaid/CHIP -- 2,136 -- 457 -- 1,679 -- 31,326
Other3 -- 1,400 -- 231 -- 1,166 -- 58,792
No Coverage -- 1,308 -- 220 -- 1,088 -- 18,707
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
NOTE: Respondents with unknown data for whether they sought or thought they should get mental health treatment were excluded.
1 Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.29B – Sought or Thought Should Get Mental Health Treatment in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment in Past Year; by Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Among People Aged 18 or Older Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment in Past Year
Sought or Thought
Should Get
Treatment
(2021)		 Sought or Thought
Should Get
Treatment
(2022)		 Sought
Treatment
(2021)		 Sought
Treatment
(2022)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment but
Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2021)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment but
Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2022)		 Did Not Seek
Treatment and Did
Not Think Should
Get Treatment
(2021)		 Did Not Seek
Treatment and Did
Not Think Should
Get Treatment
(2022)
TOTAL -- 6.1 -- 1.0 -- 5.2 -- 93.9
GEOGRAPHIC REGION                
Northeast -- 6.2 -- 1.3 -- 5.0 -- 93.8
Midwest -- 6.2 -- 0.8 -- 5.4 -- 93.8
South -- 5.2 -- 0.8 -- 4.4 -- 94.8
West -- 7.6 -- 1.1 -- 6.4 -- 92.4
COUNTY TYPE                
Large Metro -- 6.5 -- 1.0 -- 5.4 -- 93.5
Small Metro -- 6.3 -- 0.9 -- 5.4 -- 93.7
Nonmetro -- 4.2 -- 0.6 -- 3.6 -- 95.8
Urbanized -- 5.5 -- 0.6 -- 4.8 -- 94.5
Less Urbanized -- 3.5 -- 0.6 -- 2.8 -- 96.5
Completely Rural -- 2.4 -- 0.3 -- 2.0 -- 97.6
POVERTY LEVEL1                
Less Than 100% -- 5.1 -- 0.9 -- 4.2 -- 94.9
100-199% -- 5.5 -- 0.8 -- 4.7 -- 94.5
200% or More -- 6.5 -- 1.0 -- 5.5 -- 93.5
EDUCATION LEVEL                
< High School -- 2.3 -- 0.5 -- 1.8 -- 97.7
High School Graduate -- 4.3 -- 0.6 -- 3.6 -- 95.7
Some College/Associate’s Degree -- 7.3 -- 1.0 -- 6.2 -- 92.7
College Graduate -- 8.0 -- 1.3 -- 6.7 -- 92.0
HEALTH INSURANCE2                
Private -- 6.7 -- 1.0 -- 5.7 -- 93.3
Medicaid/CHIP -- 6.4 -- 1.4 -- 5.0 -- 93.6
Other3 -- 2.3 -- 0.4 -- 1.9 -- 97.7
No Coverage -- 6.5 -- 1.1 -- 5.4 -- 93.5
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
NOTE: Respondents with unknown data for whether they sought or thought they should get mental health treatment were excluded.
1 Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.30A – Sought or Thought Should Get Mental Health Treatment in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Any Mental Illness Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment in Past Year; by Demographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Among People Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Any Mental Illness Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment in Past Year
Sought or Thought
Should Get
Treatment
(2021)		 Sought or Thought
Should Get
Treatment
(2022)		 Sought
Treatment
(2021)		 Sought
Treatment
(2022)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment but
Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2021)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment but
Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2022)		 Did Not Seek
Treatment and Did
Not Think Should
Get Treatment
(2021)		 Did Not Seek
Treatment and Did
Not Think Should
Get Treatment
(2022)
TOTAL -- 7,585 -- 1,181 -- 6,398 -- 20,943
AGE GROUP                
18-25 -- 2,672 -- 469 -- 2,203 -- 3,591
26 or Older -- 4,913 -- 713 -- 4,196 -- 17,353
26-49 -- 4,170 -- 610 -- 3,556 -- 10,457
50 or Older -- 743 -- 103 -- 640 -- 6,895
GENDER                
Male -- 3,447 -- 428 -- 3,019 -- 10,504
Female -- 4,138 -- 753 -- 3,380 -- 10,440
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                
Not Hispanic or Latino -- 6,243 -- 967 -- 5,275 -- 16,780
AIAN -- * -- * -- * -- *
Asian -- 486 -- 60 -- 426 -- 1,146
Black or African American -- 715 -- 163 -- 551 -- 2,971
NHOPI -- * -- * -- * -- *
White -- 4,777 -- 707 -- 4,069 -- 11,875
Two or More Races -- 199 -- 22 -- 177 -- 551
Hispanic or Latino -- 1,342 -- 214 -- 1,123 -- 4,164
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                
Full-Time -- 3,938 -- 646 -- 3,293 -- 9,574
Part-Time -- 1,534 -- 178 -- 1,352 -- 2,545
Unemployed -- 504 -- 47 -- 457 -- 1,609
Other1 -- 1,608 -- 310 -- 1,297 -- 7,215
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
NOTE: Respondents with unknown data for whether they sought or thought they should get mental health treatment were excluded.
NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
1 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.30B – Sought or Thought Should Get Mental Health Treatment in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Any Mental Illness Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment in Past Year; by Demographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Among People Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Any Mental Illness Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment in Past Year
Sought or Thought
Should Get
Treatment
(2021)		 Sought or Thought
Should Get
Treatment
(2022)		 Sought
Treatment
(2021)		 Sought
Treatment
(2022)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment but
Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2021)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment but
Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2022)		 Did Not Seek
Treatment and Did
Not Think Should
Get Treatment
(2021)		 Did Not Seek
Treatment and Did
Not Think Should
Get Treatment
(2022)
TOTAL -- 26.6 -- 4.1 -- 22.4 -- 73.4
AGE GROUP                
18-25 -- 42.7 -- 7.5 -- 35.2 -- 57.3
26 or Older -- 22.1 -- 3.2 -- 18.8 -- 77.9
26-49 -- 28.5 -- 4.2 -- 24.3 -- 71.5
50 or Older -- 9.7 -- 1.3 -- 8.4 -- 90.3
GENDER                
Male -- 24.7 -- 3.1 -- 21.6 -- 75.3
Female -- 28.4 -- 5.2 -- 23.2 -- 71.6
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                
Not Hispanic or Latino -- 27.1 -- 4.2 -- 22.9 -- 72.9
AIAN -- * -- * -- * -- *
Asian -- 29.8 -- 3.7 -- 26.1 -- 70.2
Black or African American -- 19.4 -- 4.4 -- 15.0 -- 80.6
NHOPI -- * -- * -- * -- *
White -- 28.7 -- 4.2 -- 24.4 -- 71.3
Two or More Races -- 26.5 -- 2.9 -- 23.6 -- 73.5
Hispanic or Latino -- 24.4 -- 3.9 -- 20.4 -- 75.6
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                
Full-Time -- 29.1 -- 4.8 -- 24.4 -- 70.9
Part-Time -- 37.6 -- 4.4 -- 33.2 -- 62.4
Unemployed -- 23.9 -- 2.2 -- 21.6 -- 76.1
Other1 -- 18.2 -- 3.5 -- 14.7 -- 81.8
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
NOTE: Respondents with unknown data for whether they sought or thought they should get mental health treatment were excluded.
NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
1 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.31A – Sought or Thought Should Get Mental Health Treatment in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Any Mental Illness Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment in Past Year; by Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Among People Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Any Mental Illness Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment in Past Year
Sought or Thought
Should Get
Treatment
(2021)		 Sought or Thought
Should Get
Treatment
(2022)		 Sought
Treatment
(2021)		 Sought
Treatment
(2022)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment but
Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2021)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment but
Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2022)		 Did Not Seek
Treatment and Did
Not Think Should
Get Treatment
(2021)		 Did Not Seek
Treatment and Did
Not Think Should
Get Treatment
(2022)
TOTAL -- 7,585 -- 1,181 -- 6,398 -- 20,943
GEOGRAPHIC REGION                
Northeast -- 1,266 -- 312 -- 954 -- 3,228
Midwest -- 1,419 -- 198 -- 1,221 -- 4,168
South -- 2,621 -- 414 -- 2,206 -- 8,104
West -- 2,279 -- 257 -- 2,017 -- 5,444
COUNTY TYPE                
Large Metro -- 4,158 -- 678 -- 3,476 -- 11,308
Small Metro -- 2,606 -- 388 -- 2,217 -- 7,080
Nonmetro -- 821 -- 116 -- 705 -- 2,556
Urbanized -- 450 -- 46 -- 405 -- 974
Less Urbanized -- 343 -- 65 -- 278 -- 1,322
Completely Rural -- * -- * -- * -- *
POVERTY LEVEL1                
Less Than 100% -- 993 -- 167 -- 822 -- 4,111
100-199% -- 1,538 -- 245 -- 1,292 -- 4,945
200% or More -- 5,054 -- 769 -- 4,284 -- 11,886
EDUCATION LEVEL                
< High School -- 346 -- 84 -- 261 -- 2,638
High School Graduate -- 1,749 -- 269 -- 1,480 -- 5,756
Some College/Associate’s Degree -- 2,868 -- 413 -- 2,451 -- 7,207
College Graduate -- 2,622 -- 415 -- 2,207 -- 5,341
HEALTH INSURANCE2                
Private -- 4,649 -- 696 -- 3,953 -- 10,753
Medicaid/CHIP -- 1,523 -- 298 -- 1,225 -- 5,108
Other3 -- 809 -- 171 -- 633 -- 4,839
No Coverage -- 985 -- 105 -- 880 -- 3,033
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
NOTE: Respondents with unknown data for whether they sought or thought they should get mental health treatment were excluded.
NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
1 Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.31B – Sought or Thought Should Get Mental Health Treatment in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Any Mental Illness Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment in Past Year; by Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Among People Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Any Mental Illness Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment in Past Year
Sought or Thought
Should Get
Treatment
(2021)		 Sought or Thought
Should Get
Treatment
(2022)		 Sought
Treatment
(2021)		 Sought
Treatment
(2022)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment but
Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2021)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment but
Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2022)		 Did Not Seek
Treatment and Did
Not Think Should
Get Treatment
(2021)		 Did Not Seek
Treatment and Did
Not Think Should
Get Treatment
(2022)
TOTAL -- 26.6 -- 4.1 -- 22.4 -- 73.4
GEOGRAPHIC REGION                
Northeast -- 28.2 -- 6.9 -- 21.2 -- 71.8
Midwest -- 25.4 -- 3.5 -- 21.9 -- 74.6
South -- 24.4 -- 3.8 -- 20.6 -- 75.6
West -- 29.5 -- 3.3 -- 26.1 -- 70.5
COUNTY TYPE                
Large Metro -- 26.9 -- 4.4 -- 22.5 -- 73.1
Small Metro -- 26.9 -- 4.0 -- 22.9 -- 73.1
Nonmetro -- 24.3 -- 3.4 -- 20.9 -- 75.7
Urbanized -- 31.6 -- 3.2 -- 28.4 -- 68.4
Less Urbanized -- 20.6 -- 3.9 -- 16.7 -- 79.4
Completely Rural -- * -- * -- * -- *
POVERTY LEVEL1                
Less Than 100% -- 19.5 -- 3.3 -- 16.1 -- 80.5
100-199% -- 23.7 -- 3.8 -- 19.9 -- 76.3
200% or More -- 29.8 -- 4.5 -- 25.3 -- 70.2
EDUCATION LEVEL                
< High School -- 11.6 -- 2.8 -- 8.7 -- 88.4
High School Graduate -- 23.3 -- 3.6 -- 19.7 -- 76.7
Some College/Associate’s Degree -- 28.5 -- 4.1 -- 24.3 -- 71.5
College Graduate -- 32.9 -- 5.2 -- 27.7 -- 67.1
HEALTH INSURANCE2                
Private -- 30.2 -- 4.5 -- 25.7 -- 69.8
Medicaid/CHIP -- 23.0 -- 4.5 -- 18.5 -- 77.0
Other3 -- 14.3 -- 3.0 -- 11.2 -- 85.7
No Coverage -- 24.5 -- 2.6 -- 21.9 -- 75.5
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
NOTE: Respondents with unknown data for whether they sought or thought they should get mental health treatment were excluded.
NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
1 Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.32A – Sought or Thought Should Get Mental Health Treatment in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Serious Mental Illness Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment in Past Year; by Demographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Among People Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Serious Mental Illness Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment in Past Year
Sought or Thought
Should Get
Treatment
(2021)		 Sought or Thought
Should Get
Treatment
(2022)		 Sought
Treatment
(2021)		 Sought
Treatment
(2022)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment but
Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2021)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment but
Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2022)		 Did Not Seek
Treatment and Did
Not Think Should
Get Treatment
(2021)		 Did Not Seek
Treatment and Did
Not Think Should
Get Treatment
(2022)
TOTAL -- 2,520 -- 408 -- 2,112 -- 2,549
AGE GROUP                
18-25 -- 987 -- 180 -- 806 -- 548
26 or Older -- 1,534 -- 228 -- 1,306 -- 2,001
26-49 -- 1,312 -- 184 -- 1,127 -- 1,203
50 or Older -- * -- * -- * -- *
GENDER                
Male -- 1,141 -- 137 -- 1,005 -- 1,277
Female -- 1,379 -- 272 -- 1,108 -- 1,272
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                
Not Hispanic or Latino -- 2,095 -- 325 -- 1,770 -- 2,022
AIAN -- * -- * -- * -- *
Asian -- * -- * -- * -- *
Black or African American -- * -- * -- * -- *
NHOPI -- * -- * -- * -- *
White -- 1,496 -- 200 -- 1,296 -- 1,403
Two or More Races -- * -- * -- * -- *
Hispanic or Latino -- 426 -- 83 -- 342 -- 527
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                
Full-Time -- 1,120 -- 209 -- 911 -- 1,048
Part-Time -- 572 -- 56 -- 516 -- 332
Unemployed -- * -- 29 -- * -- *
Other1 -- 541 -- 114 -- 426 -- 917
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
NOTE: Respondents with unknown data for whether they sought or thought they should get mental health treatment were excluded.
NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
1 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.32B – Sought or Thought Should Get Mental Health Treatment in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Serious Mental Illness Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment in Past Year; by Demographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Among People Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Serious Mental Illness Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment in Past Year
Sought or Thought
Should Get
Treatment
(2021)		 Sought or Thought
Should Get
Treatment
(2022)		 Sought
Treatment
(2021)		 Sought
Treatment
(2022)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment but
Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2021)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment but
Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2022)		 Did Not Seek
Treatment and Did
Not Think Should
Get Treatment
(2021)		 Did Not Seek
Treatment and Did
Not Think Should
Get Treatment
(2022)
TOTAL -- 49.7 -- 8.0 -- 41.7 -- 50.3
AGE GROUP                
18-25 -- 64.3 -- 11.7 -- 52.5 -- 35.7
26 or Older -- 43.4 -- 6.4 -- 36.9 -- 56.6
26-49 -- 52.2 -- 7.3 -- 44.8 -- 47.8
50 or Older -- * -- * -- * -- *
GENDER                
Male -- 47.2 -- 5.6 -- 41.5 -- 52.8
Female -- 52.0 -- 10.2 -- 41.8 -- 48.0
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                
Not Hispanic or Latino -- 50.9 -- 7.9 -- 43.0 -- 49.1
AIAN -- * -- * -- * -- *
Asian -- * -- * -- * -- *
Black or African American -- * -- * -- * -- *
NHOPI -- * -- * -- * -- *
White -- 51.6 -- 6.9 -- 44.7 -- 48.4
Two or More Races -- * -- * -- * -- *
Hispanic or Latino -- 44.7 -- 8.7 -- 35.9 -- 55.3
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                
Full-Time -- 51.7 -- 9.6 -- 42.0 -- 48.3
Part-Time -- 63.3 -- 6.2 -- 57.1 -- 36.7
Unemployed -- * -- 5.3 -- * -- *
Other1 -- 37.1 -- 7.8 -- 29.2 -- 62.9
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
NOTE: Respondents with unknown data for whether they sought or thought they should get mental health treatment were excluded.
NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
1 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.33A – Sought or Thought Should Get Mental Health Treatment in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Serious Mental Illness Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment in Past Year; by Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Among People Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Serious Mental Illness Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment in Past Year
Sought or Thought
Should Get
Treatment
(2021)		 Sought or Thought
Should Get
Treatment
(2022)		 Sought
Treatment
(2021)		 Sought
Treatment
(2022)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment but
Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2021)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment but
Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2022)		 Did Not Seek
Treatment and Did
Not Think Should
Get Treatment
(2021)		 Did Not Seek
Treatment and Did
Not Think Should
Get Treatment
(2022)
TOTAL -- 2,520 -- 408 -- 2,112 -- 2,549
GEOGRAPHIC REGION                
Northeast -- * -- * -- * -- *
Midwest -- 439 -- 81 -- 358 -- 467
South -- 940 -- 168 -- 772 -- 1,081
West -- 753 -- 54 -- 700 -- 662
COUNTY TYPE                
Large Metro -- 1,286 -- 207 -- 1,079 -- 1,337
Small Metro -- 882 -- 152 -- 729 -- 938
Nonmetro -- * -- 49 -- * -- *
Urbanized -- * -- * -- * -- *
Less Urbanized -- * -- * -- * -- *
Completely Rural -- * -- * -- * -- *
POVERTY LEVEL1                
Less Than 100% -- 442 -- 79 -- 363 -- 463
100-199% -- 594 -- 81 -- 513 -- 818
200% or More -- 1,484 -- 248 -- 1,236 -- 1,268
EDUCATION LEVEL                
< High School -- * -- 25 -- * -- *
High School Graduate -- 779 -- 104 -- 675 -- 765
Some College/Associate’s Degree -- 1,039 -- 170 -- 870 -- 929
College Graduate -- 553 -- 110 -- 443 -- 517
HEALTH INSURANCE2                
Private -- 1,196 -- 209 -- 987 -- 1,233
Medicaid/CHIP -- 718 -- 150 -- 568 -- 705
Other3 -- * -- 59 -- * -- *
No Coverage -- 448 -- 42 -- 406 -- 433
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
NOTE: Respondents with unknown data for whether they sought or thought they should get mental health treatment were excluded.
NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
1 Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.33B – Sought or Thought Should Get Mental Health Treatment in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Serious Mental Illness Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment in Past Year; by Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Among People Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Serious Mental Illness Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment in Past Year
Sought or Thought
Should Get
Treatment
(2021)		 Sought or Thought
Should Get
Treatment
(2022)		 Sought
Treatment
(2021)		 Sought
Treatment
(2022)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment but
Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2021)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment but
Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2022)		 Did Not Seek
Treatment and Did
Not Think Should
Get Treatment
(2021)		 Did Not Seek
Treatment and Did
Not Think Should
Get Treatment
(2022)
TOTAL -- 49.7 -- 8.0 -- 41.7 -- 50.3
GEOGRAPHIC REGION                
Northeast -- * -- * -- * -- *
Midwest -- 48.4 -- 8.9 -- 39.5 -- 51.6
South -- 46.5 -- 8.3 -- 38.2 -- 53.5
West -- 53.2 -- 3.8 -- 49.4 -- 46.8
COUNTY TYPE                
Large Metro -- 49.0 -- 7.9 -- 41.1 -- 51.0
Small Metro -- 48.5 -- 8.4 -- 40.1 -- 51.5
Nonmetro -- * -- 7.8 -- * -- *
Urbanized -- * -- * -- * -- *
Less Urbanized -- * -- * -- * -- *
Completely Rural -- * -- * -- * -- *
POVERTY LEVEL1                
Less Than 100% -- 48.8 -- 8.8 -- 40.1 -- 51.2
100-199% -- 42.1 -- 5.7 -- 36.3 -- 57.9
200% or More -- 53.9 -- 9.0 -- 44.9 -- 46.1
EDUCATION LEVEL                
< High School -- * -- 5.1 -- * -- *
High School Graduate -- 50.5 -- 6.7 -- 43.7 -- 49.5
Some College/Associate’s Degree -- 52.8 -- 8.6 -- 44.2 -- 47.2
College Graduate -- 51.7 -- 10.3 -- 41.4 -- 48.3
HEALTH INSURANCE2                
Private -- 49.2 -- 8.6 -- 40.6 -- 50.8
Medicaid/CHIP -- 50.4 -- 10.5 -- 39.9 -- 49.6
Other3 -- * -- 8.1 -- * -- *
No Coverage -- 50.9 -- 4.8 -- 46.1 -- 49.1
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
NOTE: Respondents with unknown data for whether they sought or thought they should get mental health treatment were excluded.
NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
1 Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.34A – Detailed Reasons for Not Receiving Mental Health Treatment in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment and Sought or Thought Should Get Mental Health Treatment in Past Year; by Past Year Sought Treatment Status, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Reason Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment Among People Aged 18 or Older Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment and
Sought or Thought Should Get Mental Health Treatment in Past Year
Sought or
Thought Should
Get Treatment
(2021)		 Sought or
Thought Should
Get Treatment
(2022)		 Sought
Treatment
(2021)		 Sought
Treatment
(2022)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment
but Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2021)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment
but Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2022)
Thought It Would Cost Too Much -- 6,178 -- 867 -- 5,305
Did Not Have Health Insurance Coverage for Mental Health Treatment -- 3,369 -- 554 -- 2,814
Health Insurance Would Not Pay Enough of Costs for Treatment -- 3,890 -- 603 -- 3,287
Did Not Know How or Where to Get Treatment -- 5,475 -- 723 -- 4,749
Could Not Find Treatment Program or Healthcare Professional They
   Wanted to Go to		 -- 4,798 -- 872 -- 3,926
No Openings in Treatment Program or with Healthcare Professional They
   Wanted to Go to		 -- 1,955 -- 577 -- 1,378
Had Problems with Things Like Transportation, Childcare, or Getting
   Appointments at Times That Worked for Them		 -- 2,862 -- 426 -- 2,436
Did Not Have Enough Time for Treatment -- 5,288 -- 489 -- 4,798
Worried That Information Would Not Be Kept Private -- 2,317 -- 251 -- 2,065
Worried about What People Would Think or Say if They Got Treatment -- 3,152 -- 262 -- 2,889
Thought That if People Knew They Were in Treatment, Bad Things
   Would Happen, Like Losing Their Job, Home, or Children		 -- 1,256 -- 181 -- 1,075
Not Ready to Start Treatment -- 5,820 -- 488 -- 5,331
Thought They Should Have Been Able to Handle Their Mental Health,
   Emotions, or Behavior on Their Own		 -- 8,316 -- 937 -- 7,373
Thought Their Family, Friends, or Religious Group Would Not Like It
   if They Got Treatment		 -- 1,554 -- 161 -- 1,388
Afraid of Being Committed to Hospital or Forced into Treatment
   against Their Will		 -- 1,978 -- 315 -- 1,658
Thought They Would Be Told They Needed to Take Medication -- 3,488 -- 440 -- 3,043
Did Not Think Treatment Would Help Them -- 3,437 -- 479 -- 2,953
Thought No One Would Care if They Got Better -- 1,628 -- 176 -- 1,448
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
NOTE: Respondents could indicate multiple reasons for not receiving mental health treatment; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. Respondents with unknown reason for not receiving treatment data were excluded.
NOTE: Respondents with unknown data for whether they sought or thought they should get mental health treatment were excluded.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.34B – Detailed Reasons for Not Receiving Mental Health Treatment in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment and Sought or Thought Should Get Mental Health Treatment in Past Year; by Past Year Sought Treatment Status, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Reason Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment Among People Aged 18 or Older Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment and
Sought or Thought Should Get Mental Health Treatment in Past Year
Sought or
Thought Should
Get Treatment
(2021)		 Sought or
Thought Should
Get Treatment
(2022)		 Sought
Treatment
(2021)		 Sought
Treatment
(2022)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment
but Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2021)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment
but Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2022)
Thought It Would Cost Too Much -- 51.4 -- 46.4 -- 52.4
Did Not Have Health Insurance Coverage for Mental Health Treatment -- 29.4 -- 30.1 -- 29.3
Health Insurance Would Not Pay Enough of Costs for Treatment -- 34.9 -- 32.8 -- 35.4
Did Not Know How or Where to Get Treatment -- 45.5 -- 38.6 -- 46.7
Could Not Find Treatment Program or Healthcare Professional They
   Wanted to Go to		 -- 40.7 -- 46.6 -- 39.7
No Openings in Treatment Program or with Healthcare Professional They
   Wanted to Go to		 -- 17.0 -- 31.5 -- 14.3
Had Problems with Things Like Transportation, Childcare, or Getting
   Appointments at Times That Worked for Them		 -- 24.1 -- 23.0 -- 24.3
Did Not Have Enough Time for Treatment -- 44.2 -- 26.2 -- 47.6
Worried That Information Would Not Be Kept Private -- 19.4 -- 13.4 -- 20.5
Worried about What People Would Think or Say if They Got Treatment -- 26.2 -- 14.1 -- 28.4
Thought That if People Knew They Were in Treatment, Bad Things
   Would Happen, Like Losing Their Job, Home, or Children		 -- 10.5 -- 9.7 -- 10.6
Not Ready to Start Treatment -- 49.1 -- 26.4 -- 53.3
Thought They Should Have Been Able to Handle Their Mental Health,
   Emotions, or Behavior on Their Own		 -- 69.6 -- 50.1 -- 73.2
Thought Their Family, Friends, or Religious Group Would Not Like It
   if They Got Treatment		 -- 13.0 -- 8.7 -- 13.7
Afraid of Being Committed to Hospital or Forced into Treatment
   against Their Will		 -- 16.5 -- 16.9 -- 16.4
Thought They Would Be Told They Needed to Take Medication -- 29.2 -- 23.5 -- 30.2
Did Not Think Treatment Would Help Them -- 29.1 -- 25.9 -- 29.7
Thought No One Would Care if They Got Better -- 13.6 -- 9.5 -- 14.3
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
NOTE: Respondents could indicate multiple reasons for not receiving mental health treatment; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. Respondents with unknown reason for not receiving treatment data were excluded.
NOTE: Respondents with unknown data for whether they sought or thought they should get mental health treatment were excluded.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.35A – Detailed Reasons for Not Receiving Mental Health Treatment in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Any Mental Illness Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment and Sought or Thought Should Get Mental Health Treatment in Past Year; by Past Year Sought Treatment Status, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Reason Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment Among People Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Any Mental Illness Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment
and Sought or Thought Should Get Mental Health Treatment in Past Year
Sought or
Thought Should
Get Treatment
(2021)		 Sought or
Thought Should
Get Treatment
(2022)		 Sought
Treatment
(2021)		 Sought
Treatment
(2022)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment
but Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2021)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment
but Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2022)
Thought It Would Cost Too Much -- 4,447 -- 663 -- 3,779
Did Not Have Health Insurance Coverage for Mental Health Treatment -- 2,568 -- 435 -- 2,132
Health Insurance Would Not Pay Enough of Costs for Treatment -- 2,867 -- 453 -- 2,414
Did Not Know How or Where to Get Treatment -- 3,863 -- 548 -- 3,315
Could Not Find Treatment Program or Healthcare Professional They
   Wanted to Go to		 -- 3,477 -- 664 -- 2,813
No Openings in Treatment Program or with Healthcare Professional They
   Wanted to Go to		 -- 1,448 -- 437 -- 1,011
Had Problems with Things Like Transportation, Childcare, or Getting
   Appointments at Times That Worked for Them		 -- 2,181 -- 320 -- 1,861
Did Not Have Enough Time for Treatment -- 3,677 -- 418 -- 3,259
Worried That Information Would Not Be Kept Private -- 1,914 -- 226 -- 1,687
Worried about What People Would Think or Say if They Got Treatment -- 2,216 -- 241 -- 1,974
Thought That if People Knew They Were in Treatment, Bad Things
   Would Happen, Like Losing Their Job, Home, or Children		 -- 1,110 -- 172 -- 937
Not Ready to Start Treatment -- 3,853 -- 381 -- 3,473
Thought They Should Have Been Able to Handle Their Mental Health,
   Emotions, or Behavior on Their Own		 -- 5,590 -- 720 -- 4,865
Thought Their Family, Friends, or Religious Group Would Not Like It
   if They Got Treatment		 -- 1,192 -- 151 -- 1,036
Afraid of Being Committed to Hospital or Forced into Treatment
   against Their Will		 -- 1,760 -- 313 -- 1,442
Thought They Would Be Told They Needed to Take Medication -- 2,815 -- 403 -- 2,407
Did Not Think Treatment Would Help Them -- 2,494 -- 332 -- 2,158
Thought No One Would Care if They Got Better -- 1,481 -- 175 -- 1,301
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
NOTE: Respondents could indicate multiple reasons for not receiving mental health treatment; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. Respondents with unknown reason for not receiving treatment data were excluded.
NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
NOTE: Respondents with unknown data for whether they sought or thought they should get mental health treatment were excluded.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.35B – Detailed Reasons for Not Receiving Mental Health Treatment in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Any Mental Illness Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment and Sought or Thought Should Get Mental Health Treatment in Past Year; by Past Year Sought Treatment Status, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Reason Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment Among People Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Any Mental Illness Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment
and Sought or Thought Should Get Mental Health Treatment in Past Year
Sought or
Thought Should
Get Treatment
(2021)		 Sought or
Thought Should
Get Treatment
(2022)		 Sought
Treatment
(2021)		 Sought
Treatment
(2022)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment
but Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2021)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment
but Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2022)
Thought It Would Cost Too Much -- 58.9 -- 56.2 -- 59.4
Did Not Have Health Insurance Coverage for Mental Health Treatment -- 35.7 -- 37.3 -- 35.4
Health Insurance Would Not Pay Enough of Costs for Treatment -- 40.8 -- 39.0 -- 41.2
Did Not Know How or Where to Get Treatment -- 51.1 -- 46.5 -- 52.0
Could Not Find Treatment Program or Healthcare Professional They
   Wanted to Go to		 -- 46.8 -- 56.4 -- 45.0
No Openings in Treatment Program or with Healthcare Professional They
   Wanted to Go to		 -- 20.1 -- 37.7 -- 16.7
Had Problems with Things Like Transportation, Childcare, or Getting
   Appointments at Times That Worked for Them		 -- 29.2 -- 27.4 -- 29.6
Did Not Have Enough Time for Treatment -- 48.9 -- 35.4 -- 51.5
Worried That Information Would Not Be Kept Private -- 25.5 -- 19.2 -- 26.7
Worried about What People Would Think or Say if They Got Treatment -- 29.3 -- 20.7 -- 30.9
Thought That if People Knew They Were in Treatment, Bad Things
   Would Happen, Like Losing Their Job, Home, or Children		 -- 14.7 -- 14.6 -- 14.7
Not Ready to Start Treatment -- 51.6 -- 32.3 -- 55.2
Thought They Should Have Been Able to Handle Their Mental Health,
   Emotions, or Behavior on Their Own		 -- 74.2 -- 61.0 -- 76.7
Thought Their Family, Friends, or Religious Group Would Not Like It
   if They Got Treatment		 -- 15.9 -- 13.0 -- 16.3
Afraid of Being Committed to Hospital or Forced into Treatment
   against Their Will		 -- 23.4 -- 26.5 -- 22.7
Thought They Would Be Told They Needed to Take Medication -- 37.4 -- 34.1 -- 37.9
Did Not Think Treatment Would Help Them -- 33.5 -- 28.7 -- 34.4
Thought No One Would Care if They Got Better -- 19.7 -- 15.1 -- 20.5
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
NOTE: Respondents could indicate multiple reasons for not receiving mental health treatment; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. Respondents with unknown reason for not receiving treatment data were excluded.
NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
NOTE: Respondents with unknown data for whether they sought or thought they should get mental health treatment were excluded.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.36A – Detailed Reasons for Not Receiving Mental Health Treatment in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Serious Mental Illness Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment and Sought or Thought Should Get Mental Health Treatment in Past Year; by Past Year Sought Treatment Status, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Reason Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment Among People Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Serious Mental Illness Who Did Not Receive Mental Health
Treatment and Sought or Thought Should Get Mental Health Treatment in Past Year
Sought or
Thought Should
Get Treatment
(2021)		 Sought or
Thought Should
Get Treatment
(2022)		 Sought
Treatment
(2021)		 Sought
Treatment
(2022)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment
but Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2021)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment
but Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2022)
Thought It Would Cost Too Much -- 1,660 -- * -- 1,422
Did Not Have Health Insurance Coverage for Mental Health Treatment -- 1,119 -- * -- 931
Health Insurance Would Not Pay Enough of Costs for Treatment -- 1,054 -- * -- 916
Did Not Know How or Where to Get Treatment -- 1,426 -- * -- 1,211
Could Not Find Treatment Program or Healthcare Professional They
   Wanted to Go to		 -- 1,249 -- * -- 1,004
No Openings in Treatment Program or with Healthcare Professional They
   Wanted to Go to		 -- 535 -- * -- 364
Had Problems with Things Like Transportation, Childcare, or Getting
   Appointments at Times That Worked for Them		 -- 879 -- * -- 767
Did Not Have Enough Time for Treatment -- 1,262 -- * -- 1,090
Worried That Information Would Not Be Kept Private -- 921 -- * -- 800
Worried about What People Would Think or Say if They Got Treatment -- 853 -- * -- 739
Thought That if People Knew They Were in Treatment, Bad Things
   Would Happen, Like Losing Their Job, Home, or Children		 -- 554 -- * -- 470
Not Ready to Start Treatment -- 1,221 -- * -- 1,038
Thought They Should Have Been Able to Handle Their Mental Health,
   Emotions, or Behavior on Their Own		 -- 2,063 -- * -- 1,770
Thought Their Family, Friends, or Religious Group Would Not Like It
   if They Got Treatment		 -- 546 -- * -- 490
Afraid of Being Committed to Hospital or Forced into Treatment
   against Their Will		 -- 911 -- * -- 725
Thought They Would Be Told They Needed to Take Medication -- 1,173 -- * -- 975
Did Not Think Treatment Would Help Them -- 939 -- * -- 799
Thought No One Would Care if They Got Better -- 785 -- * -- 716
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
NOTE: Respondents could indicate multiple reasons for not receiving mental health treatment; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. Respondents with unknown reason for not receiving treatment data were excluded.
NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
NOTE: Respondents with unknown data for whether they sought or thought they should get mental health treatment were excluded.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.36B – Detailed Reasons for Not Receiving Mental Health Treatment in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Serious Mental Illness Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment and Sought or Thought Should Get Mental Health Treatment in Past Year; by Past Year Sought Treatment Status, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Reason Did Not Receive Mental Health Treatment Among People Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Serious Mental Illness Who Did Not Receive Mental Health
Treatment and Sought or Thought Should Get Mental Health Treatment in Past Year
Sought or
Thought Should
Get Treatment
(2021)		 Sought or
Thought Should
Get Treatment
(2022)		 Sought
Treatment
(2021)		 Sought
Treatment
(2022)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment
but Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2021)		 Thought Should
Get Treatment
but Did Not Seek
Treatment
(2022)
Thought It Would Cost Too Much -- 66.3 -- * -- 67.8
Did Not Have Health Insurance Coverage for Mental Health Treatment -- 46.1 -- * -- 46.0
Health Insurance Would Not Pay Enough of Costs for Treatment -- 43.5 -- * -- 45.3
Did Not Know How or Where to Get Treatment -- 56.7 -- * -- 57.5
Could Not Find Treatment Program or Healthcare Professional They
   Wanted to Go to		 -- 50.4 -- * -- 48.5
No Openings in Treatment Program or with Healthcare Professional They
   Wanted to Go to		 -- 21.9 -- * -- 17.7
Had Problems with Things Like Transportation, Childcare, or Getting
   Appointments at Times That Worked for Them		 -- 35.1 -- * -- 36.5
Did Not Have Enough Time for Treatment -- 50.3 -- * -- 51.8
Worried That Information Would Not Be Kept Private -- 36.7 -- * -- 38.0
Worried about What People Would Think or Say if They Got Treatment -- 34.1 -- * -- 35.1
Thought That if People Knew They Were in Treatment, Bad Things
   Would Happen, Like Losing Their Job, Home, or Children		 -- 22.0 -- * -- 22.3
Not Ready to Start Treatment -- 48.7 -- * -- 49.4
Thought They Should Have Been Able to Handle Their Mental Health,
   Emotions, or Behavior on Their Own		 -- 82.0 -- * -- 83.9
Thought Their Family, Friends, or Religious Group Would Not Like It
   if They Got Treatment		 -- 21.8 -- * -- 23.3
Afraid of Being Committed to Hospital or Forced into Treatment
   against Their Will		 -- 36.5 -- * -- 34.7
Thought They Would Be Told They Needed to Take Medication -- 46.8 -- * -- 46.5
Did Not Think Treatment Would Help Them -- 37.9 -- * -- 38.3
Thought No One Would Care if They Got Better -- 31.4 -- * -- 34.0
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
NOTE: Respondents could indicate multiple reasons for not receiving mental health treatment; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. Respondents with unknown reason for not receiving treatment data were excluded.
NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
NOTE: Respondents with unknown data for whether they sought or thought they should get mental health treatment were excluded.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.37A – Major Depressive Episode in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Gender and Detailed Age Category, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Age Category Total
(2021)		 Total
(2022)		 Male
(2021)		 Male
(2022)		 Female
(2021)		 Female
(2022)
TOTAL 21,553 22,475 7,844 8,780 13,709 13,695
18-25 6,442 6,990 2,139b 2,633 4,303 4,357
18-20 2,601 2,627 816 1,026 1,784 1,601
21-25 3,842 4,363 1,323a 1,608 2,519 2,755
26 or Older 15,111 15,485 5,705 6,147 9,406 9,338
26-49 9,810 9,975 3,928 4,227 5,881 5,748
26-29 2,306 2,170 865 918 1,441 1,252
30-34 2,324 2,698 910a 1,220 1,415 1,479
35-39 2,012 1,961 873 891 1,139 1,070
40-44 1,507 1,584 575 660 932 924
45-49 1,660 1,562 705 538 955 1,024
50 or Older 5,301 5,510 1,777 1,919 3,525 3,590
50-54 1,438 1,348 506 361 931 987
55-59 1,120 1,427 353a 758 767 669
60-64 1,167 1,206 386 523 781 683
65 or Older 1,577 1,528 532a 277 1,045 1,251
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.37B – Major Depressive Episode in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Gender and Detailed Age Category, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Age Category Total
(2021)		 Total
(2022)		 Male
(2021)		 Male
(2022)		 Female
(2021)		 Female
(2022)
TOTAL 8.5 8.8 6.4 7.0 10.5 10.4
18-25 19.3 20.1 12.8a 15.1 25.7 25.2
18-20 19.9 20.3 12.1 14.9 28.2 26.4
21-25 18.8 20.0 13.3 15.1 24.2 24.5
26 or Older 6.9 7.0 5.3 5.7 8.3 8.2
26-49 9.6 9.7 7.7 8.2 11.4 11.2
26-29 13.2 12.7 10.0 10.7 16.4 14.9
30-34 10.2 11.6 8.0a 10.6 12.4 12.7
35-39 9.0 8.9 7.7 8.0 10.4 9.8
40-44 7.4 7.6 5.8 6.3 8.8 8.9
45-49 8.5 8.0 7.3 5.7 9.8 10.2
50 or Older 4.5 4.6 3.2 3.4 5.7 5.7
50-54 7.3 6.8 5.4 4.0 9.1 9.2
55-59 5.3 7.1 3.2b 7.3 7.4 6.9
60-64 5.2 5.3 3.6 4.6 6.7 6.0
65 or Older 2.9 2.7 2.1a 1.1 3.5 4.0
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.38A – Major Depressive Episode with Severe Impairment in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Gender and Detailed Age Category, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Age Category Total
(2021)		 Total
(2022)		 Male
(2021)		 Male
(2022)		 Female
(2021)		 Female
(2022)
TOTAL 14,889 15,873 5,170b 6,246 9,719 9,627
18-25 4,603a 5,109 1,417b 1,910 3,186 3,199
18-20 1,864 1,934 513a 741 1,351 1,192
21-25 2,739 3,175 903a 1,169 1,835 2,007
26 or Older 10,286 10,764 3,753 4,336 6,532 6,428
26-49 6,792 7,068 2,668 2,972 4,124 4,096
26-29 1,643 1,658 614 722 1,029 936
30-34 1,624 1,864 629 820 995 1,045
35-39 1,396 1,462 589 697 806 765
40-44 1,034 1,062 352 458 682 604
45-49 1,095 1,022 483 276 612 746
50 or Older 3,494 3,695 1,086 1,364 2,408 2,331
50-54 1,065 894 462 256 603 639
55-59 854 986 274a 585 580 402
60-64 818 838 194 367 624 471
65 or Older 757 977 156 156 601 820
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.38B – Major Depressive Episode with Severe Impairment in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Gender and Detailed Age Category, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Age Category Total
(2021)		 Total
(2022)		 Male
(2021)		 Male
(2022)		 Female
(2021)		 Female
(2022)
TOTAL 5.9 6.2 4.2a 5.0 7.5 7.3
18-25 13.8 14.7 8.5b 10.9 19.0 18.5
18-20 14.3 15.0 7.6a 10.8 21.4 19.7
21-25 13.4 14.5 9.1 11.0 17.6 17.9
26 or Older 4.7 4.9 3.5 4.0 5.7 5.6
26-49 6.6 6.9 5.3 5.8 8.0 8.0
26-29 9.4 9.7 7.1 8.4 11.7 11.1
30-34 7.2 8.0 5.6 7.1 8.7 9.0
35-39 6.3 6.6 5.2 6.2 7.3 7.0
40-44 5.1 5.1 3.6 4.4 6.5 5.8
45-49 5.6 5.2 5.0 2.9 6.2 7.5
50 or Older 3.0 3.1 1.9 2.4 3.9 3.7
50-54 5.4 4.5 4.9 2.8 5.9 6.0
55-59 4.0 4.9 2.5a 5.6 5.6 4.2
60-64 3.7 3.7 1.8 3.2 5.4 4.2
65 or Older 1.4 1.7 0.6 0.6 2.0 2.7
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.39A – Receipt of Treatment for Depression in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older with Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and among People Aged 18 or Older with MDE with Severe Impairment in Past Year; by Gender and Age Group, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Gender/Age Group Received Treatment for
Depression in Past Year
among People with MDE
(2021)		 Received Treatment for
Depression in Past Year
among People with MDE
(2022)		 Received Treatment for
Depression in Past Year
among People with MDE
with Severe Impairment
(2021)		 Received Treatment for
Depression in Past Year
among People with MDE
with Severe Impairment
(2022)
TOTAL 12,932 14,088 9,423a 10,493
18-25 3,192a 3,766 2,483a 2,982
26 or Older 9,740 10,322 6,940 7,511
26-49 6,121 6,542 4,449 4,853
50 or Older 3,619 3,780 2,491 2,658
MALE 4,184 4,725 2,828b 3,619
18-25 755b 1,202 576b 950
26 or Older 3,429 3,523 2,252 2,669
26-49 2,280 2,377 1,576 1,807
50 or Older 1,149 1,146 * *
FEMALE 8,748 9,363 6,595 6,874
18-25 2,437 2,564 1,907 2,032
26 or Older 6,311 6,799 4,688 4,842
26-49 3,841 4,165 2,873 3,046
50 or Older 2,470 2,634 1,816 1,796
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Estimates in this table exclude a subset of respondents who did not complete the questionnaire. The analysis weights and estimates were adjusted for the reduced sample size. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Respondents with unknown past year treatment for depression data were excluded.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.39B – Receipt of Treatment for Depression in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older with Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and among People Aged 18 or Older with MDE with Severe Impairment in Past Year; by Gender and Age Group, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Gender/Age Group Received Treatment for
Depression in Past Year
among People with MDE
(2021)		 Received Treatment for
Depression in Past Year
among People with MDE
(2022)		 Received Treatment for
Depression in Past Year
among People with MDE
with Severe Impairment
(2021)		 Received Treatment for
Depression in Past Year
among People with MDE
with Severe Impairment
(2022)
TOTAL 60.8 63.7 64.4 67.1
18-25 50.3 54.8 55.1 59.4
26 or Older 65.3 67.8 68.5 70.7
26-49 63.1 66.5 66.1 69.1
50 or Older 69.5 70.1 73.3 74.1
MALE 53.5 55.6 55.1 59.4
18-25 35.6b 46.2 41.4 50.3
26 or Older 60.2 59.8 60.2 63.6
26-49 58.5 57.8 59.3 61.5
50 or Older 63.9 64.3 * *
FEMALE 65.1 68.8 69.4 72.0
18-25 57.7 60.0 61.3 64.8
26 or Older 68.5 72.9 73.3 75.4
26-49 66.2a 72.8 70.5 74.5
50 or Older 72.4 73.0 78.2 77.1
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Estimates in this table exclude a subset of respondents who did not complete the questionnaire. The analysis weights and estimates were adjusted for the reduced sample size. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Respondents with unknown past year treatment for depression data were excluded.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.40A – Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Demographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Had MDE
(2021)		 Had MDE
(2022)		 Had MDE with Severe
Impairment
(2021)		 Had MDE with Severe
Impairment
(2022)
TOTAL 21,553 22,475 14,889 15,873
GENDER        
Male 7,844 8,780 5,170b 6,246
Female 13,709 13,695 9,719 9,627
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE        
Not Hispanic or Latino 18,074 18,573 12,484 13,151
AIAN 177 94 126 65
Asian 746 963 515 781
Black or African American 2,121 2,038 1,439 1,507
NHOPI 44 * 41 34
White 14,342 14,574 9,924 10,090
Two or More Races 644 825 440a 674
Hispanic or Latino 3,479 3,902 2,404 2,722
EMPLOYMENT STATUS        
Full-Time 9,000 9,608 6,065 6,415
Part-Time 3,739 3,967 2,474 2,772
Unemployed 1,687 1,574 1,194 1,147
Other1 7,128 7,326 5,155 5,538
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.40B – Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Demographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Had MDE
(2021)		 Had MDE
(2022)		 Had MDE with Severe
Impairment
(2021)		 Had MDE with Severe
Impairment
(2022)
TOTAL 8.5 8.8 5.9 6.2
GENDER        
Male 6.4 7.0 4.2a 5.0
Female 10.5 10.4 7.5 7.3
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE        
Not Hispanic or Latino 8.6 8.8 5.9 6.2
AIAN 10.8 7.6 7.7 5.2
Asian 5.0 6.3 3.5 5.1
Black or African American 6.9 6.6 4.7 4.9
NHOPI 4.3 * 4.1 2.8
White 9.1 9.2 6.3 6.4
Two or More Races 14.1 16.4 9.6 13.4
Hispanic or Latino 8.1 8.8 5.6 6.2
EMPLOYMENT STATUS        
Full-Time 7.9 8.1 5.3 5.4
Part-Time 12.3 12.1 8.1 8.4
Unemployed 12.9 14.3 9.1 10.4
Other1 7.4 7.8 5.4 5.9
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.41A – Receipt of Treatment for Depression in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older with Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and among People Aged 18 or Older with MDE with Severe Impairment in Past Year; by Demographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Received Treatment for
Depression in Past Year
among People with MDE
(2021)		 Received Treatment for
Depression in Past Year
among People with MDE
(2022)		 Received Treatment for
Depression in Past Year
among People with MDE
with Severe Impairment
(2021)		 Received Treatment for
Depression in Past Year
among People with MDE
with Severe Impairment
(2022)
TOTAL 12,932 14,088 9,423a 10,493
GENDER        
Male 4,184 4,725 2,828b 3,619
Female 8,748 9,363 6,595 6,874
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE        
Not Hispanic or Latino 10,975 12,098 8,076 9,018
AIAN * * * *
Asian * * * *
Black or African American 1,030 1,118 702 876
NHOPI * * * *
White 9,131 9,824 6,760 7,259
Two or More Races 374 529 * *
Hispanic or Latino 1,957 1,990 1,347 1,475
EMPLOYMENT STATUS        
Full-Time 5,170 5,686 3,638 3,930
Part-Time 2,156 2,413 1,521 1,831
Unemployed 963 865 772 670
Other1 4,643 5,124 3,492 4,061
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Estimates in this table exclude a subset of respondents who did not complete the questionnaire. The analysis weights and estimates were adjusted for the reduced sample size. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Respondents with unknown past year treatment for depression data were excluded.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.41B – Receipt of Treatment for Depression in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older with Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and among People Aged 18 or Older with MDE with Severe Impairment in Past Year; by Demographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Received Treatment for
Depression in Past Year
among People with MDE
(2021)		 Received Treatment for
Depression in Past Year
among People with MDE
(2022)		 Received Treatment for
Depression in Past Year
among People with MDE
with Severe Impairment
(2021)		 Received Treatment for
Depression in Past Year
among People with MDE
with Severe Impairment
(2022)
TOTAL 60.8 63.7 64.4 67.1
GENDER        
Male 53.5 55.6 55.1 59.4
Female 65.1 68.8 69.4 72.0
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE        
Not Hispanic or Latino 61.3b 66.1 65.4 69.5
AIAN * * * *
Asian * * * *
Black or African American 49.6 56.1 50.9 59.3
NHOPI * * * *
White 64.0a 68.4 68.4 72.8
Two or More Races 58.6 66.2 * *
Hispanic or Latino 58.3 52.2 59.0 55.5
EMPLOYMENT STATUS        
Full-Time 57.8 60.1 60.1 61.9
Part-Time 58.4 62.3 63.7 67.4
Unemployed 57.5 55.5 62.5 58.8
Other1 66.8 71.0 70.4 74.7
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Estimates in this table exclude a subset of respondents who did not complete the questionnaire. The analysis weights and estimates were adjusted for the reduced sample size. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Respondents with unknown past year treatment for depression data were excluded.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.42A – Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Geographic, Socioeconomic, and Health Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Geographic/Socioeconomic/Health Characteristic Had MDE
(2021)		 Had MDE
(2022)		 Had MDE with Severe
Impairment
(2021)		 Had MDE with Severe
Impairment
(2022)
TOTAL 21,553 22,475 14,889 15,873
GEOGRAPHIC REGION        
Northeast 3,281 3,495 2,268 2,465
Midwest 4,579 4,879 3,105 3,390
South 7,991 8,393 5,549 6,044
West 5,702 5,708 3,966 3,974
COUNTY TYPE        
Large Metro 11,027 11,568 7,663 8,293
Small Metro 7,413 7,882 4,951 5,457
Nonmetro 3,113 3,024 2,275 2,122
POVERTY LEVEL1        
Less Than 100% 4,373 4,059 3,281 2,984
100-199% 4,951 5,509 3,502 4,067
200% or More 12,215 12,906 8,093 8,821
EDUCATION LEVEL        
< High School 1,715 1,742 1,186 1,217
High School Graduate 4,835 5,507 3,275a 4,123
Some College/Associate’s Degree 8,848 8,666 6,572 6,347
College Graduate 6,155 6,560 3,856 4,186
HEALTH INSURANCE2        
Private 11,750 12,551 7,837 8,394
Medicaid/CHIP 5,584 6,432 4,164a 4,973
Other3 4,534 4,399 3,166 3,185
No Coverage 2,297 2,196 1,413 1,563
OVERALL HEALTH4        
Excellent 1,926 2,101 1,163 1,381
Very Good 5,915 5,805 3,796 3,858
Good 7,684 8,294 5,253 5,829
Fair/Poor 5,935 6,270 4,583 4,801
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
4 Respondents with unknown health data were excluded.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.42B – Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Geographic, Socioeconomic, and Health Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Geographic/Socioeconomic/Health Characteristic Had MDE
(2021)		 Had MDE
(2022)		 Had MDE with Severe
Impairment
(2021)		 Had MDE with Severe
Impairment
(2022)
TOTAL 8.5 8.8 5.9 6.2
GEOGRAPHIC REGION        
Northeast 7.3 7.8 5.1 5.5
Midwest 8.7 9.2 5.9 6.4
South 8.3 8.6 5.8 6.2
West 9.5 9.4 6.6 6.6
COUNTY TYPE        
Large Metro 8.1 8.2 5.6 5.9
Small Metro 9.5 9.7 6.4 6.7
Nonmetro 7.9 8.9 5.8 6.3
POVERTY LEVEL1        
Less Than 100% 11.6 11.2 8.7 8.2
100-199% 9.7 11.1 6.9 8.2
200% or More 7.4 7.6 4.9 5.2
EDUCATION LEVEL        
< High School 6.1 7.1 4.2 5.0
High School Graduate 7.0 8.0 4.7a 6.0
Some College/Associate’s Degree 11.5 11.1 8.5 8.2
College Graduate 7.8 7.7 4.9 4.9
HEALTH INSURANCE2        
Private 7.6 8.0 5.1 5.4
Medicaid/CHIP 11.8 13.4 8.8a 10.3
Other3 6.0 5.7 4.2 4.2
No Coverage 9.3 9.4 5.7 6.7
OVERALL HEALTH4        
Excellent 4.1 4.8 2.5 3.1
Very Good 6.8 6.3 4.4 4.2
Good 9.5 10.1 6.5 7.1
Fair/Poor 15.2 16.1 11.8 12.4
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
4 Respondents with unknown health data were excluded.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.43A – Receipt of Treatment for Depression in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older with Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and among People Aged 18 or Older with MDE with Severe Impairment in Past Year; by Geographic, Socioeconomic, and Health Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Geographic/Socioeconomic/Health Characteristic Received Treatment for
Depression in Past Year
among People with MDE
(2021)		 Received Treatment for
Depression in Past Year
among People with MDE
(2022)		 Received Treatment for
Depression in Past Year
among People with MDE
with Severe Impairment
(2021)		 Received Treatment for
Depression in Past Year
among People with MDE
with Severe Impairment
(2022)
TOTAL 12,932 14,088 9,423a 10,493
GEOGRAPHIC REGION        
Northeast 1,951 2,372 1,451 1,779
Midwest 3,051 3,285 2,198 2,364
South 4,648 5,088 3,470 3,939
West 3,281 3,343 2,303 2,410
COUNTY TYPE        
Large Metro 6,519 6,992 4,627 5,194
Small Metro 4,435 5,088 3,222a 3,837
Nonmetro 1,978 2,008 1,574 1,462
POVERTY LEVEL1        
Less Than 100% 2,646 2,586 2,120 2,043
100-199% 2,897 3,240 2,317 2,516
200% or More 7,384 8,261 4,983a 5,933
EDUCATION LEVEL        
< High School 967 945 * *
High School Graduate 2,480b 3,255 1,906b 2,639
Some College/Associate’s Degree 5,413 5,354 4,249 4,132
College Graduate 4,073 4,534 2,617 3,002
HEALTH INSURANCE2        
Private 7,540 8,240 5,097a 5,844
Medicaid/CHIP 3,624 4,267 2,903 3,418
Other3 3,049 3,199 2,184 2,488
No Coverage 845 800 604 580
OVERALL HEALTH4        
Excellent 878 1,033 539 669
Very Good 3,351 3,444 2,281 2,375
Good 4,556 5,165 3,207a 3,877
Fair/Poor 4,084 4,446 3,332 3,572
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Estimates in this table exclude a subset of respondents who did not complete the questionnaire. The analysis weights and estimates were adjusted for the reduced sample size. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Respondents with unknown past year treatment for depression data were excluded.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
4 Respondents with unknown health data were excluded.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.43B – Receipt of Treatment for Depression in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older with Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and among People Aged 18 or Older with MDE with Severe Impairment in Past Year; by Geographic, Socioeconomic, and Health Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Geographic/Socioeconomic/Health Characteristic Received Treatment for
Depression in Past Year
among People with MDE
(2021)		 Received Treatment for
Depression in Past Year
among People with MDE
(2022)		 Received Treatment for
Depression in Past Year
among People with MDE
with Severe Impairment
(2021)		 Received Treatment for
Depression in Past Year
among People with MDE
with Severe Impairment
(2022)
TOTAL 60.8 63.7 64.4 67.1
GEOGRAPHIC REGION        
Northeast 59.9a 69.2 63.8 73.6
Midwest 66.0 68.5 70.3 71.2
South 59.6 61.7 64.6 65.9
West 58.7 59.3 59.5 61.5
COUNTY TYPE        
Large Metro 60.7 61.8 62.2 64.1
Small Metro 60.1 65.0 65.5 70.2
Nonmetro 63.1 67.7 68.9 70.6
POVERTY LEVEL1        
Less Than 100% 61.7 65.5 66.3 70.6
100-199% 59.4 59.9 67.2 63.0
200% or More 61.1 64.8 62.4 67.8
EDUCATION LEVEL        
< High School 56.2 55.9 * *
High School Graduate 53.2a 60.4 60.4 64.5
Some College/Associate’s Degree 62.0 62.6 66.1 66.3
College Graduate 66.3 70.1 67.2 72.7
HEALTH INSURANCE2        
Private 64.2 66.6 64.9a 70.4
Medicaid/CHIP 66.2 67.7 71.9 70.3
Other3 68.1 73.2 71.6 79.3
No Coverage 38.2 37.3 43.7 37.5
OVERALL HEALTH4        
Excellent 46.6 51.1 48.2 51.1
Very Good 56.7 59.9 60.3 62.8
Good 59.8 63.4 61.7 66.7
Fair/Poor 70.6 71.9 74.4 75.4
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Estimates in this table exclude a subset of respondents who did not complete the questionnaire. The analysis weights and estimates were adjusted for the reduced sample size. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Respondents with unknown past year treatment for depression data were excluded.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
4 Respondents with unknown health data were excluded.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.44A – Types of Professionals Seen: Among People Aged 18 or Older with Major Depressive Episode in Past Year Who Saw or Talked to a Professional about Depression in Past Year; by Age Group, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Type of Professional1 Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 11,805 12,806 2,987a 3,463 8,818 9,343 5,680 6,037 3,138 3,306
HEALTH PROFESSIONAL 11,421 12,471 2,931a 3,413 8,490 9,058 5,434 5,860 3,056 3,198
General Practitioner or Family Doctor 5,983b 7,175 1,293 1,568 4,690a 5,608 2,850a 3,406 1,840 2,202
Other Medical Doctor2 1,037 1,219 267 192 770 1,027 536 512 234a 515
Psychologist 3,966 4,418 1,156 1,429 2,811 2,989 1,832 2,032 978 957
Psychiatrist or Psychotherapist 4,569 5,237 1,260 1,538 3,309 3,699 2,133 2,449 1,176 1,250
Social Worker 1,377 1,774 249b 414 1,128 1,360 830 814 299 546
Counselor 4,168 4,217 1,328 1,277 2,839 2,940 2,013 2,010 827 930
Other Mental Health Professional3 1,262b 1,933 323b 504 939a 1,429 671 871 268a 557
Nurse, Occupational Therapist, or Other Health Professional 1,072 1,384 280 384 792 1,000 533 567 259 433
ALTERNATIVE SERVICE PROFESSIONAL 1,745 1,793 219 315 1,526 1,477 926 888 600 589
Religious or Spiritual Advisor 1,265 1,252 170 243 1,096 1,010 647 560 448 450
Herbalist, Chiropractor, Acupuncturist, or Massage Therapist 631 690 57a 119 574 572 377 359 197 213
OTHER PROFESSIONAL4 135 245 36 25 99 220 91 126 8 94
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Estimates in this table exclude a subset of respondents who did not complete the questionnaire. The analysis weights and estimates were adjusted for the reduced sample size. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Respondents could indicate multiple types of professionals; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. Respondents with unknown type of professional data were excluded from the estimates for each specific type of professional but were included in the Total row.
2 Other Medical Doctor includes cardiologists, gynecologists, urologists, and other medical doctors that are not general practitioners or family doctors.
3 Other Mental Health Professional includes mental health nurses and other therapists where type is not specified.
4 Respondents with unknown or invalid responses to the other-specify question on other types of professionals seen for depression were excluded.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.44B – Types of Professionals Seen: Among People Aged 18 or Older with Major Depressive Episode in Past Year Who Saw or Talked to a Professional about Depression in Past Year; by Age Group, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Type of Professional1 Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
HEALTH PROFESSIONAL 97.0 98.0 99.2 99.0 96.3 97.6 95.7 97.6 97.4 97.5
General Practitioner or Family Doctor 50.8a 56.4 43.8 45.5 53.2a 60.4 50.2a 56.7 58.6 67.1
Other Medical Doctor2 8.8 9.6 9.0a 5.6 8.7 11.1 9.4 8.5 7.5a 15.7
Psychologist 33.7 34.7 39.1 41.5 31.9 32.2 32.3 33.8 31.2 29.2
Psychiatrist or Psychotherapist 38.8 41.1 42.6 44.6 37.5 39.8 37.6 40.8 37.5 38.1
Social Worker 11.7 13.9 8.4a 12.0 12.8 14.6 14.6 13.6 9.5 16.6
Counselor 35.4 33.1 45.0b 37.1 32.2 31.7 35.4 33.5 26.3 28.3
Other Mental Health Professional3 10.7b 15.2 10.9 14.6 10.6a 15.4 11.8 14.5 8.5a 17.0
Nurse, Occupational Therapist, or Other Health Professional 9.1 10.9 9.5 11.1 9.0 10.8 9.4 9.5 8.2 13.2
ALTERNATIVE SERVICE PROFESSIONAL 14.8 14.1 7.4 9.2 17.3 15.9 16.3 14.8 19.1 17.9
Religious or Spiritual Advisor 10.7 9.8 5.7 7.0 12.4 10.9 11.4 9.3 14.3 13.7
Herbalist, Chiropractor, Acupuncturist, or Massage Therapist 5.4 5.4 1.9 3.4 6.5 6.2 6.6 6.0 6.3 6.5
OTHER PROFESSIONAL4 1.2 2.0 1.2 0.7 1.2 2.4 1.6 2.1 0.3 2.9
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Estimates in this table exclude a subset of respondents who did not complete the questionnaire. The analysis weights and estimates were adjusted for the reduced sample size. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Respondents could indicate multiple types of professionals; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. Respondents with unknown type of professional data were excluded from the estimates for each specific type of professional but were included in the Total row.
2 Other Medical Doctor includes cardiologists, gynecologists, urologists, and other medical doctors that are not general practitioners or family doctors.
3 Other Mental Health Professional includes mental health nurses and other therapists where type is not specified.
4 Respondents with unknown or invalid responses to the other-specify question on other types of professionals seen for depression were excluded.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.45A – Types of Professionals Seen: Among People Aged 18 or Older with Major Depressive Episode with Severe Impairment in Past Year Who Saw or Talked to a Professional about Depression in Past Year; by Age Group, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Type of Professional1 Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 8,569 9,519 2,320a 2,750 6,249 6,769 4,110 4,460 2,140 2,309
HEALTH PROFESSIONAL 8,348 9,310 2,282a 2,710 6,066 6,600 3,948 4,325 2,118 *
General Practitioner or Family Doctor 4,405b 5,546 1,013 1,263 3,392a 4,283 2,117a 2,625 1,274 1,658
Other Medical Doctor2 759 897 198 170 561 727 403 398 158 329
Psychologist 3,131 3,538 938 1,189 2,193 2,349 1,417 1,604 776 745
Psychiatrist or Psychotherapist 3,876 4,185 1,053 1,280 2,823 2,905 1,764 1,926 1,060 979
Social Worker 1,160 1,461 200b 343 960 1,118 701 683 259 435
Counselor 3,241 3,184 1,013 985 2,227 2,199 1,622 1,557 605 642
Other Mental Health Professional3 1,088a 1,543 280a 440 808 1,102 562 676 246 427
Nurse, Occupational Therapist, or Other Health Professional 905 1,126 228 308 678 818 453 457 224 360
ALTERNATIVE SERVICE PROFESSIONAL 1,293 1,417 182 241 1,111 1,176 764 721 347 456
Religious or Spiritual Advisor 924 954 142 179 782 776 510 430 273 345
Herbalist, Chiropractor, Acupuncturist, or Massage Therapist 470 569 47a 107 423 462 310 312 112 150
OTHER PROFESSIONAL4 106 188 34 22 71 166 69 105 2 61
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Estimates in this table exclude a subset of respondents who did not complete the questionnaire. The analysis weights and estimates were adjusted for the reduced sample size. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Respondents could indicate multiple types of professionals; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. Respondents with unknown type of professional data were excluded from the estimates for each specific type of professional but were included in the Total row.
2 Other Medical Doctor includes cardiologists, gynecologists, urologists, and other medical doctors that are not general practitioners or family doctors.
3 Other Mental Health Professional includes mental health nurses and other therapists where type is not specified.
4 Respondents with unknown or invalid responses to the other-specify question on other types of professionals seen for depression were excluded.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.45B – Types of Professionals Seen: Among People Aged 18 or Older with Major Depressive Episode with Severe Impairment in Past Year Who Saw or Talked to a Professional about Depression in Past Year; by Age Group, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Type of Professional1 Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
HEALTH PROFESSIONAL 97.7 98.4 99.4 99.1 97.1 98.0 96.1 97.8 99.0 *
General Practitioner or Family Doctor 51.6b 58.6 44.1 46.2 54.3b 63.6 51.5a 59.3 59.6 71.9
Other Medical Doctor2 8.9 9.5 8.6 6.2 9.0 10.8 9.8 9.0 7.4 14.3
Psychologist 36.6 37.4 40.8 43.5 35.1 34.9 34.5 36.3 36.3 32.3
Psychiatrist or Psychotherapist 45.4 44.2 45.9 46.8 45.2 43.2 42.9 43.5 49.5 42.4
Social Worker 13.6 15.4 8.7 12.6 15.4 16.6 17.1 15.4 12.1 18.8
Counselor 37.9 33.6 44.1a 36.0 35.6 32.7 39.5 35.2 28.3 27.8
Other Mental Health Professional3 12.7 16.3 12.2 16.1 12.9 16.4 13.7 15.3 11.5 18.5
Nurse, Occupational Therapist, or Other Health Professional 10.6 11.9 9.9 11.3 10.8 12.1 11.0 10.3 10.5 15.6
ALTERNATIVE SERVICE PROFESSIONAL 15.1 15.0 7.9 8.8 17.8 17.5 18.6 16.3 16.2 19.8
Religious or Spiritual Advisor 10.8 10.1 6.2 6.5 12.5 11.5 12.4 9.7 12.7 15.0
Herbalist, Chiropractor, Acupuncturist, or Massage Therapist 5.5 6.0 2.1 3.9 6.8 6.9 7.5 7.0 5.3 6.5
OTHER PROFESSIONAL4 1.3 2.0 1.5 0.8 1.2 2.5 1.7 2.4 0.1 2.7
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Estimates in this table exclude a subset of respondents who did not complete the questionnaire. The analysis weights and estimates were adjusted for the reduced sample size. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Respondents could indicate multiple types of professionals; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. Respondents with unknown type of professional data were excluded from the estimates for each specific type of professional but were included in the Total row.
2 Other Medical Doctor includes cardiologists, gynecologists, urologists, and other medical doctors that are not general practitioners or family doctors.
3 Other Mental Health Professional includes mental health nurses and other therapists where type is not specified.
4 Respondents with unknown or invalid responses to the other-specify question on other types of professionals seen for depression were excluded.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.46A – Levels of Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Overall Substance Use Disorder Status and Past Year Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Substance Use Disorder Status Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2022)
TOTAL POPULATION 253,825 256,282 58,451 59,286 14,526 15,360 43,926 43,926 195,373 196,996
DRUGS OR ALCOHOL2 44,383 46,494 19,692a 21,543 6,556a 7,410 13,136 14,134 24,691 24,950
DRUGS2 22,571b 25,417 12,333b 14,504 4,610b 5,587 7,723a 8,916 10,237 10,913
Marijuana 15,313b 17,669 8,065b 9,837 2,878b 3,767 5,187a 6,070 7,248 7,832
Cocaine 1,431 1,429 965 918 347 386 618 532 467 511
Heroin 989 898 * * * 247 * 360 * *
Hallucinogens 456 514 * 437 * * * * * 77
Inhalants * * * * * * * * * *
Methamphetamine 1,604 1,818 1,098 1,151 452 511 646 640 507 667
Prescription Psychotherapeutics2 6,860 7,687 4,256 4,864 1,744 2,022 2,512 2,842 2,604 2,822
Pain Relievers2 4,745 5,312 2,804 3,192 1,077 1,197 1,727 1,996 1,941 2,119
Stimulants2 1,266 1,569 932 1,192 401 538 531 654 334 377
Tranquilizers or Sedatives2 2,110 2,221 1,604 1,600 846 768 758 832 506 621
Tranquilizers2 1,607 1,730 1,275 1,216 712 590 563 626 333 515
Sedatives2 879 769 * 610 * * * * * 160
Opioids2 5,308 5,852 3,150 3,527 1,113 1,329 2,036 2,198 2,159 2,325
Central Nervous System Stimulants2 3,932 4,247 2,670 2,873 1,070 1,225 1,599 1,648 1,262 1,374
ALCOHOL 28,769 28,788 11,693 12,145 3,799 3,824 7,894 8,322 17,076 16,643
BOTH DRUGS AND ALCOHOL2 6,956 7,712 4,334a 5,106 1,853 2,001 2,480a 3,105 2,623 2,606
DRUGS ONLY (NO ALCOHOL USE DISORDER)2 15,615b 17,706 8,000b 9,398 2,757b 3,586 5,243 5,812 7,615 8,307
ALCOHOL ONLY (NO DRUG USE DISORDER)2 21,812 21,077 7,359 7,040 1,946 1,823 5,413 5,217 14,453 14,037
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER2 209,442 209,788 38,759 37,743 7,970 7,951 30,789 29,792 170,683 172,045
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
2 Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.46B – Levels of Mental Illness in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Overall Substance Use Disorder Status and Past Year Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Substance Use Disorder Status Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2022)
TOTAL POPULATION 100.0 100.0 23.0 23.1 5.7 6.0 17.3 17.1 77.0 76.9
DRUGS OR ALCOHOL2 100.0 100.0 44.4 46.3 14.8 15.9 29.6 30.4 55.6 53.7
DRUGS2 100.0 100.0 54.6 57.1 20.4 22.0 34.2 35.1 45.4 42.9
Marijuana 100.0 100.0 52.7 55.7 18.8 21.3 33.9 34.4 47.3 44.3
Cocaine 100.0 100.0 67.4 64.2 24.2 27.0 43.2 37.3 32.6 35.8
Heroin 100.0 100.0 * * * 27.5 * 40.1 * *
Hallucinogens 100.0 100.0 * 85.0 * * * * * 15.0
Inhalants * * * * * * * * * *
Methamphetamine 100.0 100.0 68.4 63.3 28.2 28.1 40.2 35.2 31.6 36.7
Prescription Psychotherapeutics2 100.0 100.0 62.0 63.3 25.4 26.3 36.6 37.0 38.0 36.7
Pain Relievers2 100.0 100.0 59.1 60.1 22.7 22.5 36.4 37.6 40.9 39.9
Stimulants2 100.0 100.0 73.6 76.0 31.7 34.3 42.0 41.7 26.4 24.0
Tranquilizers or Sedatives2 100.0 100.0 76.0 72.0 40.1 34.6 35.9 37.5 24.0 28.0
Tranquilizers2 100.0 100.0 79.3 70.3 44.3 34.1 35.0 36.2 20.7 29.7
Sedatives2 100.0 100.0 * 79.3 * * * * * 20.7
Opioids2 100.0 100.0 59.3 60.3 21.0 22.7 38.4 37.6 40.7 39.7
Central Nervous System Stimulants2 100.0 100.0 67.9 67.6 27.2 28.8 40.7 38.8 32.1 32.4
ALCOHOL 100.0 100.0 40.6 42.2 13.2 13.3 27.4 28.9 59.4 57.8
BOTH DRUGS AND ALCOHOL2 100.0 100.0 62.3 66.2 26.6 25.9 35.7 40.3 37.7 33.8
DRUGS ONLY (NO ALCOHOL USE DISORDER)2 100.0 100.0 51.2 53.1 17.7 20.3 33.6 32.8 48.8 46.9
ALCOHOL ONLY (NO DRUG USE DISORDER)2 100.0 100.0 33.7 33.4 8.9 8.6 24.8 24.8 66.3 66.6
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER2 100.0 100.0 18.5 18.0 3.8 3.8 14.7 14.2 81.5 82.0
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
2 Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.47A – Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Overall Substance Use Disorder Status and Past Year Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Substance Use Disorder Status Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Had MDE
(2021)		 Had MDE
(2022)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2021)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2022)		 No MDE
(2021)		 No MDE
(2022)
TOTAL POPULATION 253,825 256,282 21,553 22,475 14,889 15,873 232,272a 233,807
DRUGS OR ALCOHOL1 44,383 46,494 8,187a 9,337 6,426 7,175 36,196 37,156
DRUGS1 22,571b 25,417 5,499b 6,713 4,368b 5,385 17,072a 18,704
Marijuana 15,313b 17,669 3,572b 4,641 2,717b 3,681 11,741a 13,028
Cocaine 1,431 1,429 427 396 383 295 1,004 1,033
Heroin 989 898 * 216 * 186 * 682
Hallucinogens 456 514 * * * * * *
Inhalants * * * * * * * *
Methamphetamine 1,604 1,818 453 485 367 427 1,151 1,333
Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 6,860 7,687 2,017 2,146 1,723 1,805 4,843 5,541
Pain Relievers1 4,745 5,312 1,305 1,263 1,112 1,088 3,439 4,049
Stimulants1 1,266 1,569 532 539 448 471 734a 1,030
Tranquilizers or Sedatives1 2,110 2,221 865 772 810 573 1,245 1,449
Tranquilizers1 1,607 1,730 704 569 661 455 903 1,161
Sedatives1 879 769 * * * 192 * *
Opioids1 5,308 5,852 1,350 1,403 1,149 1,205 3,958 4,448
Central Nervous System Stimulants1 3,932 4,247 1,197 1,283 1,004 1,070 2,735 2,964
ALCOHOL 28,769 28,788 4,831 5,087 3,746 3,760 23,938 23,701
BOTH DRUGS AND ALCOHOL1 6,956 7,712 2,143 2,463 1,688 1,970 4,813 5,249
DRUGS ONLY (NO ALCOHOL USE DISORDER)1 15,615b 17,706 3,356b 4,250 2,680b 3,415 12,258 13,455
ALCOHOL ONLY (NO DRUG USE DISORDER)1 21,812 21,077 2,688 2,624 2,058 1,790 19,125 18,452
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER1 209,442 209,788 13,366 13,137 8,463 8,698 196,075 196,651
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.47B – Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Overall Substance Use Disorder Status and Past Year Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Substance Use Disorder Status Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Had MDE
(2021)		 Had MDE
(2022)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2021)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2022)		 No MDE
(2021)		 No MDE
(2022)
TOTAL POPULATION 100.0 100.0 8.5 8.8 5.9 6.2 91.5 91.2
DRUGS OR ALCOHOL1 100.0 100.0 18.4 20.1 14.5 15.4 81.6 79.9
DRUGS1 100.0 100.0 24.4 26.4 19.4 21.2 75.6 73.6
Marijuana 100.0 100.0 23.3 26.3 17.7a 20.8 76.7 73.7
Cocaine 100.0 100.0 29.8 27.7 26.8 20.6 70.2 72.3
Heroin 100.0 100.0 * 24.1 * 20.7 * 75.9
Hallucinogens 100.0 100.0 * * * * * *
Inhalants * * * * * * * *
Methamphetamine 100.0 100.0 28.2 26.7 22.9 23.5 71.8 73.3
Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 100.0 100.0 29.4 27.9 25.1 23.5 70.6 72.1
Pain Relievers1 100.0 100.0 27.5 23.8 23.4 20.5 72.5 76.2
Stimulants1 100.0 100.0 42.0 34.4 35.4 30.0 58.0 65.6
Tranquilizers or Sedatives1 100.0 100.0 41.0 34.8 38.4a 25.8 59.0 65.2
Tranquilizers1 100.0 100.0 43.8 32.9 41.1a 26.3 56.2 67.1
Sedatives1 100.0 100.0 * * * 24.9 * *
Opioids1 100.0 100.0 25.4 24.0 21.6 20.6 74.6 76.0
Central Nervous System Stimulants1 100.0 100.0 30.4 30.2 25.5 25.2 69.6 69.8
ALCOHOL 100.0 100.0 16.8 17.7 13.0 13.1 83.2 82.3
BOTH DRUGS AND ALCOHOL1 100.0 100.0 30.8 31.9 24.3 25.5 69.2 68.1
DRUGS ONLY (NO ALCOHOL USE DISORDER)1 100.0 100.0 21.5 24.0 17.2 19.3 78.5 76.0
ALCOHOL ONLY (NO DRUG USE DISORDER)1 100.0 100.0 12.3 12.5 9.4 8.5 87.7 87.5
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER1 100.0 100.0 6.4 6.3 4.0 4.1 93.6 93.7
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.48A – Substance Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Substance Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2022)
ILLICIT DRUGS2 58,192b 66,650 23,404b 26,052 7,267 8,129 16,136a 17,923 34,789b 40,598
Marijuana 50,337b 58,955 19,923b 23,028 6,027b 7,227 13,896b 15,801 30,414b 35,927
Cocaine 4,725 5,235 2,581 2,604 705 925 1,876 1,680 2,145 2,630
Crack 1,000 917 613 543 159 287 454 256 387 374
Heroin 1,088 1,046 801 685 212 272 589 414 287 361
Hallucinogens 7,195a 8,151 3,810 4,165 1,400 1,492 2,410 2,674 3,385 3,986
LSD 2,307 2,154 1,267 1,147 465 472 802 676 1,040 1,006
PCP 175 190 65 148 30 55 36 93 110 42
Ecstasy 2,132 2,046 1,223 1,045 375 281 848 764 909 1,000
Inhalants 1,475 1,700 806 998 295 320 511 678 669 702
Methamphetamine 2,605 2,687 1,456 1,575 518 589 939 985 1,148 1,113
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics 13,621 13,564 7,166 6,815 2,426 2,344 4,740 4,471 6,455 6,748
Pain Relievers 8,335 8,051 4,250 3,918 1,411 1,307 2,839 2,611 4,085 4,133
Stimulants 3,608 4,072 1,913 2,301 680 767 1,233 1,534 1,695 1,771
Tranquilizers or Sedatives 4,565 4,711 2,786 2,789 1,065 1,119 1,721 1,670 1,779 1,922
Tranquilizers 4,063 4,038 2,572 2,320 959 910 1,613 1,411 1,492 1,718
Sedatives 834 931 487 660 254 304 233 356 347 272
Benzodiazepines 3,729 3,569 2,343 2,071 857 782 1,486 1,289 1,386 1,497
Opioids2 8,871 8,513 4,598 4,163 1,494 1,403 3,104 2,760 4,272 4,350
Central Nervous System Stimulants 9,042 9,916 4,764 5,158 1,537 1,804 3,227 3,354 4,278 4,758
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana2,3 21,944 23,348 11,154 11,291 3,839 3,971 7,314 7,321 10,791a 12,057
TOBACCO PRODUCT USE OR
NICOTINE VAPING		 -- 74,431 -- 23,767 -- 7,230 -- 16,537 -- 50,664
Tobacco Products 66,867b 62,311 20,278 19,023 5,599 5,657 14,679 13,366 46,588a 43,288
Cigarettes 52,666a 49,253 17,353 16,065 4,864 4,901 12,489a 11,164 35,314 33,188
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco 9,860b 8,102 2,297 2,211 682 636 1,614 1,576 7,563b 5,891
Cigars 18,381 18,762 5,900 5,771 1,734 1,649 4,166 4,121 12,481 12,992
Pipe Tobacco4 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Nicotine Vaping -- 31,542 -- 12,628 -- 4,130 -- 8,498 -- 18,914
ALCOHOL 169,487 172,675 41,752 43,102 10,999 11,420 30,753 31,681 127,735 129,573
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
OPIOIDS INCLUDING ILLEGALLY
MADE FENTANYL		 -- 8,642 -- 4,245 -- 1,405 -- 2,840 -- 4,397
Illegally Made Fentanyl -- 666 -- 455 -- 166 -- 290 -- 210
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
2 For comparison of estimates between 2021 and 2022, these estimates do not include illegally made fentanyl (IMF).
3 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
4 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. Estimates for tobacco product use (as well as estimates for tobacco product use or nicotine vaping) in the past year exclude past year pipe tobacco use, but include past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.48B – Substance Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Substance Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2022)
ILLICIT DRUGS2 22.9b 26.0 40.0b 43.9 50.0 52.9 36.7b 40.8 17.8b 20.6
Marijuana 19.8b 23.0 34.1b 38.8 41.5a 47.1 31.6b 36.0 15.6b 18.2
Cocaine 1.9 2.0 4.4 4.4 4.9 6.0 4.3 3.8 1.1 1.3
Crack 0.4 0.4 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.9 1.0 0.6 0.2 0.2
Heroin 0.4 0.4 1.4 1.2 1.5 1.8 1.3 0.9 0.1 0.2
Hallucinogens 2.8 3.2 6.5 7.0 9.6 9.7 5.5 6.1 1.7 2.0
LSD 0.9 0.8 2.2 1.9 3.2 3.1 1.8 1.5 0.5 0.5
PCP 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0
Ecstasy 0.8 0.8 2.1 1.8 2.6 1.8 1.9 1.7 0.5 0.5
Inhalants 0.6 0.7 1.4 1.7 2.0 2.1 1.2 1.5 0.3 0.4
Methamphetamine 1.0 1.0 2.5 2.7 3.6 3.8 2.1 2.2 0.6 0.6
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics 5.4 5.3 12.3 11.5 16.7 15.3 10.8 10.2 3.3 3.4
Pain Relievers 3.3 3.1 7.3 6.6 9.7 8.5 6.5 5.9 2.1 2.1
Stimulants 1.4 1.6 3.3 3.9 4.7 5.0 2.8 3.5 0.9 0.9
Tranquilizers or Sedatives 1.8 1.8 4.8 4.7 7.3 7.3 3.9 3.8 0.9 1.0
Tranquilizers 1.6 1.6 4.4 3.9 6.6 5.9 3.7 3.2 0.8 0.9
Sedatives 0.3 0.4 0.8 1.1 1.7 2.0 0.5 0.8 0.2 0.1
Benzodiazepines 1.5 1.4 4.0 3.5 5.9 5.1 3.4 2.9 0.7 0.8
Opioids2 3.5 3.3 7.9 7.0 10.3 9.1 7.1 6.3 2.2 2.2
Central Nervous System Stimulants 3.6 3.9 8.2 8.7 10.6 11.7 7.3 7.6 2.2 2.4
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana2,3 8.6 9.1 19.1 19.0 26.4 25.9 16.7 16.7 5.5a 6.1
TOBACCO PRODUCT USE OR
NICOTINE VAPING		 -- 29.0 -- 40.1 -- 47.1 -- 37.6 -- 25.7
Tobacco Products 26.3b 24.3 34.7a 32.1 38.5 36.8 33.4a 30.4 23.8b 22.0
Cigarettes 20.7b 19.2 29.7a 27.1 33.5 31.9 28.4a 25.4 18.1a 16.8
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco 3.9b 3.2 3.9 3.7 4.7 4.1 3.7 3.6 3.9b 3.0
Cigars 7.2 7.3 10.1 9.7 11.9 10.7 9.5 9.4 6.4 6.6
Pipe Tobacco4 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Nicotine Vaping -- 12.3 -- 21.3 -- 26.9 -- 19.3 -- 9.6
ALCOHOL 66.8 67.4 71.4 72.7 75.7 74.3 70.0 72.1 65.4 65.8
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
OPIOIDS INCLUDING ILLEGALLY
MADE FENTANYL		 -- 3.4 -- 7.2 -- 9.1 -- 6.5 -- 2.2
Illegally Made Fentanyl -- 0.3 -- 0.8 -- 1.1 -- 0.7 -- 0.1
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
2 For comparison of estimates between 2021 and 2022, these estimates do not include illegally made fentanyl (IMF).
3 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
4 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. Estimates for tobacco product use (as well as estimates for tobacco product use or nicotine vaping) in the past year exclude past year pipe tobacco use, but include past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.49A – Substance Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Substance Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Had MDE
(2021)		 Had MDE
(2022)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2021)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2022)		 No MDE
(2021)		 No MDE
(2022)
ILLICIT DRUGS1 58,192b 66,650 9,612b 11,073 7,065b 8,287 48,580b 55,578
Marijuana 50,337b 58,955 7,957b 9,925 5,820b 7,386 42,380b 49,030
Cocaine 4,725 5,235 924 1,071 763 822 3,802 4,163
Crack 1,000 917 145 285 127 210 854 632
Heroin 1,088 1,046 233 245 223 212 855 802
Hallucinogens 7,195a 8,151 1,854 1,990 1,427 1,536 5,341 6,161
LSD 2,307 2,154 667 532 503 404 1,639 1,622
PCP 175 190 38 55 20 55 137 135
Ecstasy 2,132 2,046 494 408 369 325 1,638 1,638
Inhalants 1,475 1,700 389 485 329 392 1,087 1,215
Methamphetamine 2,605 2,687 531 658 427 575 2,074 2,029
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics 13,621 13,564 3,219 2,878 2,405 2,270 10,402 10,685
Pain Relievers 8,335 8,051 1,773 1,630 1,359 1,340 6,563 6,421
Stimulants 3,608 4,072 958 885 763 673 2,650a 3,187
Tranquilizers or Sedatives 4,565 4,711 1,287 1,246 979 993 3,278 3,466
Tranquilizers 4,063 4,038 1,167 991 874 824 2,896 3,047
Sedatives 834 931 274 343 250 252 561 589
Benzodiazepines 3,729 3,569 1,063 894 784 735 2,666 2,675
Opioids1 8,871 8,513 1,806 1,733 1,386 1,428 7,064 6,780
Central Nervous System Stimulants 9,042 9,916 1,905 2,057 1,550 1,603 7,136 7,859
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana1,2 21,944 23,348 4,887 5,021 3,658 3,877 17,057 18,327
TOBACCO PRODUCT USE OR NICOTINE
VAPING		 -- 74,431 -- 9,755 -- 7,142 -- 64,676
Tobacco Products 66,867b 62,311 7,288 7,417 5,403 5,397 59,578a 54,894
Cigarettes 52,666a 49,253 6,262 6,309 4,643 4,638 46,404a 42,944
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco 9,860b 8,102 840 700 648 494 9,020b 7,402
Cigars 18,381 18,762 2,344 2,358 1,756 1,768 16,037 16,404
Pipe Tobacco3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Nicotine Vaping -- 31,542 -- 5,757 -- 4,321 -- 25,785
ALCOHOL 169,487 172,675 16,314 16,868 11,299 11,896 153,173 155,807
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
OPIOIDS INCLUDING ILLEGALLY
MADE FENTANYL		 -- 8,642 -- 1,736 -- 1,429 -- 6,906
Illegally Made Fentanyl -- 666 -- 178 -- 165 -- 488
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 For comparison of estimates between 2021 and 2022, these estimates do not include illegally made fentanyl (IMF).
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. Estimates for tobacco product use (as well as estimates for tobacco product use or nicotine vaping) in the past year exclude past year pipe tobacco use, but include past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.49B – Substance Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Substance Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Had MDE
(2021)		 Had MDE
(2022)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2021)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2022)		 No MDE
(2021)		 No MDE
(2022)
ILLICIT DRUGS1 22.9b 26.0 44.6b 49.3 47.5a 52.2 20.9b 23.8
Marijuana 19.8b 23.0 36.9b 44.2 39.1b 46.5 18.2b 21.0
Cocaine 1.9 2.0 4.3 4.8 5.1 5.2 1.6 1.8
Crack 0.4 0.4 0.7 1.3 0.9 1.3 0.4 0.3
Heroin 0.4 0.4 1.1 1.1 1.5 1.3 0.4 0.3
Hallucinogens 2.8 3.2 8.6 8.9 9.6 9.7 2.3 2.6
LSD 0.9 0.8 3.1 2.4 3.4 2.5 0.7 0.7
PCP 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1
Ecstasy 0.8 0.8 2.3 1.8 2.5 2.0 0.7 0.7
Inhalants 0.6 0.7 1.8 2.2 2.2 2.5 0.5 0.5
Methamphetamine 1.0 1.0 2.5 2.9 2.9 3.6 0.9 0.9
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics 5.4 5.3 14.9 12.8 16.2 14.3 4.5 4.6
Pain Relievers 3.3 3.1 8.2 7.3 9.1 8.4 2.8 2.7
Stimulants 1.4 1.6 4.4 3.9 5.1 4.2 1.1 1.4
Tranquilizers or Sedatives 1.8 1.8 6.0 5.5 6.6 6.3 1.4 1.5
Tranquilizers 1.6 1.6 5.4 4.4 5.9 5.2 1.2 1.3
Sedatives 0.3 0.4 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.6 0.2 0.3
Benzodiazepines 1.5 1.4 4.9 4.0 5.3 4.6 1.1 1.1
Opioids1 3.5 3.3 8.4 7.7 9.3 9.0 3.0 2.9
Central Nervous System Stimulants 3.6 3.9 8.8 9.2 10.4 10.1 3.1 3.4
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana1,2 8.6 9.1 22.7 22.3 24.6 24.4 7.3 7.8
TOBACCO PRODUCT USE OR NICOTINE
VAPING		 -- 29.0 -- 43.4 -- 45.0 -- 27.7
Tobacco Products 26.3b 24.3 33.8 33.0 36.3 34.0 25.7b 23.5
Cigarettes 20.7b 19.2 29.1 28.1 31.2 29.2 20.0b 18.4
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco 3.9b 3.2 3.9 3.1 4.4 3.1 3.9b 3.2
Cigars 7.2 7.3 10.9 10.5 11.8 11.1 6.9 7.0
Pipe Tobacco3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Nicotine Vaping -- 12.3 -- 25.6 -- 27.2 -- 11.0
ALCOHOL 66.8 67.4 75.7 75.1 75.9 74.9 65.9 66.6
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
OPIOIDS INCLUDING ILLEGALLY
MADE FENTANYL		 -- 3.4 -- 7.7 -- 9.0 -- 3.0
Illegally Made Fentanyl -- 0.3 -- 0.8 -- 1.0 -- 0.2
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 For comparison of estimates between 2021 and 2022, these estimates do not include illegally made fentanyl (IMF).
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. Estimates for tobacco product use (as well as estimates for tobacco product use or nicotine vaping) in the past year exclude past year pipe tobacco use, but include past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.50A – Substance Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 to 25; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Substance Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2022)
ILLICIT DRUGS2 13,036b 14,221 6,053b 7,008 2,300 2,553 3,753a 4,455 6,983 7,213
Marijuana 12,133b 13,299 5,589b 6,537 2,091 2,395 3,498a 4,142 6,544 6,762
Cocaine 1,225 1,295 598 713 170a 274 428 439 627 582
Crack 75 39 27 30 15 7 12 23 48 10
Heroin 71 55 57 39 28 17 30 22 13 16
Hallucinogens 2,462 2,676 1,410 1,542 563 633 847 909 1,051 1,134
LSD 1,077 894 619 556 224 251 395 305 458 339
PCP 54 13 36 9 26 3 10 6 19 4
Ecstasy 709 639 377 336 143 110 234 226 332 303
Inhalants 507 647 333 389 155 157 178 232 174 258
Methamphetamine 183 161 112 111 44 41 68 70 71 50
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics 2,638 2,542 1,516 1,494 620 642 896 853 1,122 1,047
Pain Relievers 1,050 1,099 599 683 237 319 362 364 451 416
Stimulants 1,359 1,278 720 743 275 300 444 442 639 535
Tranquilizers or Sedatives 916 842 625 560 307 242 318 318 291 283
Tranquilizers 855 779 577 515 269 226 308 289 277 264
Sedatives 144 93 126 74 90b 23 36 50 18 19
Benzodiazepines 825 747 550 491 269 210 281 281 274 256
Opioids2 1,070 1,120 615 694 249 323 366 372 455 425
Central Nervous System Stimulants 2,230 2,272 1,137 1,289 381 509 756 781 1,093 982
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana2,3 4,807 5,092 2,649 2,947 1,074 1,236 1,575 1,710 2,158 2,146
TOBACCO PRODUCT USE OR
NICOTINE VAPING		 -- 14,041 -- 6,151 -- 2,153 -- 3,997 -- 7,891
Tobacco Products 8,980 8,610 3,822 3,787 1,383 1,329 2,439 2,458 5,158 4,824
Cigarettes 6,407 6,341 2,950 2,978 1,093 1,116 1,857 1,862 3,457 3,364
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco 1,639 1,475 584 537 180 193 405 344 1,054 938
Cigars 3,981 3,929 1,715 1,730 580 518 1,135 1,212 2,266 2,199
Pipe Tobacco4 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Nicotine Vaping -- 11,608 -- 5,185 -- 1,884 -- 3,301 -- 6,423
ALCOHOL 22,790a 23,608 8,814a 9,740 3,222 3,282 5,592b 6,458 13,976 13,867
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
OPIOIDS INCLUDING ILLEGALLY
MADE FENTANYL		 -- 1,145 -- 709 -- 323 -- 386 -- 436
Illegally Made Fentanyl -- 48 -- 32 -- 6 -- 26 -- 17
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
2 For comparison of estimates between 2021 and 2022, these estimates do not include illegally made fentanyl (IMF).
3 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
4 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. Estimates for tobacco product use (as well as estimates for tobacco product use or nicotine vaping) in the past year exclude past year pipe tobacco use, but include past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.50B – Substance Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 to 25; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Substance Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2022)
ILLICIT DRUGS2 39.0 40.9 52.5 55.7 57.3a 63.3 49.9 52.1 31.9 32.5
Marijuana 36.3 38.2 48.5a 52.0 52.1a 59.4 46.5 48.4 29.8 30.5
Cocaine 3.7 3.7 5.2 5.7 4.2a 6.8 5.7 5.1 2.9 2.6
Crack 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.0
Heroin 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.1
Hallucinogens 7.4 7.7 12.2 12.3 14.0 15.7 11.3 10.6 4.8 5.1
LSD 3.2 2.6 5.4 4.4 5.6 6.2 5.2a 3.6 2.1 1.5
PCP 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0
Ecstasy 2.1 1.8 3.3 2.7 3.6 2.7 3.1 2.6 1.5 1.4
Inhalants 1.5 1.9 2.9 3.1 3.9 3.9 2.4 2.7 0.8 1.2
Methamphetamine 0.5 0.5 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.3 0.2
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics 7.9 7.3 13.1 11.9 15.4 15.9 11.9 10.0 5.1 4.7
Pain Relievers 3.1 3.2 5.2 5.4 5.9 7.9 4.8 4.3 2.1 1.9
Stimulants 4.1 3.7 6.2 5.9 6.9 7.4 5.9 5.2 2.9 2.4
Tranquilizers or Sedatives 2.7 2.4 5.4 4.4 7.6 6.0 4.2 3.7 1.3 1.3
Tranquilizers 2.6 2.2 5.0 4.1 6.7 5.6 4.1 3.4 1.3 1.2
Sedatives 0.4 0.3 1.1 0.6 2.2b 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.1 0.1
Benzodiazepines 2.5 2.1 4.8 3.9 6.7 5.2 3.7 3.3 1.3 1.2
Opioids2 3.2 3.2 5.3 5.5 6.2 8.0 4.9 4.3 2.1 1.9
Central Nervous System Stimulants 6.7 6.5 9.9 10.2 9.5 12.6 10.1 9.1 5.0 4.4
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana2,3 14.4 14.6 23.0 23.4 26.8 30.7 20.9 20.0 9.8 9.7
TOBACCO PRODUCT USE OR
NICOTINE VAPING		 -- 40.4 -- 48.9 -- 53.4 -- 46.7 -- 35.5
Tobacco Products 26.8a 24.8 33.1 30.1 34.5 33.0 32.4 28.7 23.5 21.7
Cigarettes 19.1 18.2 25.6 23.7 27.2 27.7 24.7 21.8 15.8 15.1
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco 4.9 4.2 5.1 4.3 4.5 4.8 5.4 4.0 4.8 4.2
Cigars 11.9 11.3 14.9 13.8 14.5 12.9 15.1 14.2 10.3 9.9
Pipe Tobacco4 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Nicotine Vaping -- 33.4 -- 41.2 -- 46.7 -- 38.6 -- 28.9
ALCOHOL 68.1 67.9 76.4 77.4 80.3 81.4 74.3 75.5 63.8 62.5
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
OPIOIDS INCLUDING ILLEGALLY
MADE FENTANYL		 -- 3.3 -- 5.6 -- 8.0 -- 4.5 -- 2.0
Illegally Made Fentanyl -- 0.1 -- 0.3 -- 0.1 -- 0.3 -- 0.1
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
2 For comparison of estimates between 2021 and 2022, these estimates do not include illegally made fentanyl (IMF).
3 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
4 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. Estimates for tobacco product use (as well as estimates for tobacco product use or nicotine vaping) in the past year exclude past year pipe tobacco use, but include past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.51A – Substance Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 to 25; by Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Substance Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Had MDE
(2021)		 Had MDE
(2022)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2021)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2022)		 No MDE
(2021)		 No MDE
(2022)
ILLICIT DRUGS1 13,036b 14,221 3,414a 4,017 2,389b 3,048 9,622 10,204
Marijuana 12,133b 13,299 3,145a 3,747 2,182b 2,841 8,988 9,552
Cocaine 1,225 1,295 262 386 208 296 963 910
Crack 75 39 12 7 3 5 62 33
Heroin 71 55 34 23 33 21 37 32
Hallucinogens 2,462 2,676 798 922 566a 759 1,664 1,754
LSD 1,077 894 361 307 254 253 716 587
PCP 54 13 31 2 16 2 23 10
Ecstasy 709 639 211 196 147 164 498 443
Inhalants 507 647 205 273 153 224 302 375
Methamphetamine 183 161 53 48 38 48 130 113
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics 2,638 2,542 882 925 636 713 1,756 1,617
Pain Relievers 1,050 1,099 328 401 235 309 722 698
Stimulants 1,359 1,278 386 452 292 359 973 825
Tranquilizers or Sedatives 916 842 395 347 285 266 521 496
Tranquilizers 855 779 353 320 256 242 501 459
Sedatives 144 93 93a 34 75 33 51 58
Benzodiazepines 825 747 342 313 244 239 483 434
Opioids1 1,070 1,120 336 411 243 317 734 709
Central Nervous System Stimulants 2,230 2,272 546 721 419 572 1,684 1,551
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana1,2 4,807 5,092 1,486 1,777 1,030b 1,421 3,321 3,316
TOBACCO PRODUCT USE OR NICOTINE
VAPING		 -- 14,041 -- 3,402 -- 2,557 -- 10,639
Tobacco Products 8,980 8,610 2,012 2,001 1,456 1,548 6,968 6,609
Cigarettes 6,407 6,341 1,584 1,576 1,145 1,249 4,824 4,765
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco 1,639 1,475 268 271 176 194 1,370 1,204
Cigars 3,981 3,929 886 883 660 697 3,096 3,047
Pipe Tobacco3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Nicotine Vaping -- 11,608 -- 2,943 -- 2,216 -- 8,665
ALCOHOL 22,790a 23,608 4,967 5,543 3,544 4,008 17,824 18,064
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
OPIOIDS INCLUDING ILLEGALLY
MADE FENTANYL		 -- 1,145 -- 412 -- 317 -- 733
Illegally Made Fentanyl -- 48 -- 8 -- 7 -- 41
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 For comparison of estimates between 2021 and 2022, these estimates do not include illegally made fentanyl (IMF).
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. Estimates for tobacco product use (as well as estimates for tobacco product use or nicotine vaping) in the past year exclude past year pipe tobacco use, but include past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.51B – Substance Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 to 25; by Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Substance Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Had MDE
(2021)		 Had MDE
(2022)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2021)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2022)		 No MDE
(2021)		 No MDE
(2022)
ILLICIT DRUGS1 39.0 40.9 53.0 57.5 51.9b 59.6 35.6 36.7
Marijuana 36.3 38.2 48.8a 53.6 47.4b 55.6 33.3 34.4
Cocaine 3.7 3.7 4.1 5.5 4.5 5.8 3.6 3.3
Crack 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1
Heroin 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.7 0.4 0.1 0.1
Hallucinogens 7.4 7.7 12.4 13.2 12.3 14.9 6.2 6.3
LSD 3.2 2.6 5.6 4.4 5.5 5.0 2.7 2.1
PCP 0.2 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0
Ecstasy 2.1 1.8 3.3 2.8 3.2 3.2 1.8 1.6
Inhalants 1.5 1.9 3.2 3.9 3.3 4.4 1.1 1.3
Methamphetamine 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.5 0.4
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics 7.9 7.3 13.7 13.2 13.8 14.0 6.5 5.8
Pain Relievers 3.1 3.2 5.1 5.7 5.1 6.0 2.7 2.5
Stimulants 4.1 3.7 6.0 6.5 6.4 7.0 3.6 3.0
Tranquilizers or Sedatives 2.7 2.4 6.1 5.0 6.2 5.2 1.9 1.8
Tranquilizers 2.6 2.2 5.5 4.6 5.6 4.7 1.9 1.7
Sedatives 0.4 0.3 1.5a 0.5 1.6a 0.6 0.2 0.2
Benzodiazepines 2.5 2.1 5.3 4.5 5.3 4.7 1.8 1.6
Opioids1 3.2 3.2 5.2 5.9 5.3 6.2 2.7 2.6
Central Nervous System Stimulants 6.7 6.5 8.5 10.3 9.1 11.2 6.2 5.6
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana1,2 14.4 14.6 23.1 25.4 22.4a 27.8 12.3 11.9
TOBACCO PRODUCT USE OR NICOTINE
VAPING		 -- 40.4 -- 48.7 -- 50.0 -- 38.3
Tobacco Products 26.8a 24.8 31.2 28.6 31.6 30.3 25.8a 23.8
Cigarettes 19.1 18.2 24.6 22.6 24.9 24.4 17.9 17.1
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco 4.9 4.2 4.2 3.9 3.8 3.8 5.1 4.3
Cigars 11.9 11.3 13.7 12.6 14.3 13.6 11.5 11.0
Pipe Tobacco3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Nicotine Vaping -- 33.4 -- 42.1 -- 43.4 -- 31.2
ALCOHOL 68.1 67.9 77.1 79.3 77.0 78.5 66.0 65.0
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
OPIOIDS INCLUDING ILLEGALLY
MADE FENTANYL		 -- 3.3 -- 5.9 -- 6.2 -- 2.6
Illegally Made Fentanyl -- 0.1 -- 0.1 -- 0.1 -- 0.1
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 For comparison of estimates between 2021 and 2022, these estimates do not include illegally made fentanyl (IMF).
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. Estimates for tobacco product use (as well as estimates for tobacco product use or nicotine vaping) in the past year exclude past year pipe tobacco use, but include past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.52A – Substance Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 26 or Older; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Substance Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2022)
ILLICIT DRUGS2 45,156b 52,429 17,351a 19,044 4,967 5,576 12,384 13,468 27,805b 33,386
Marijuana 38,204b 45,656 14,334b 16,490 3,935a 4,832 10,398a 11,658 23,870b 29,165
Cocaine 3,500 3,939 1,983 1,891 535 651 1,448 1,241 1,517a 2,048
Crack 925 877 585 513 144 280 442 233 339 365
Heroin 1,018 991 744 647 185 255 559 392 274 345
Hallucinogens 4,733 5,475 2,399 2,624 837 859 1,563 1,765 2,334 2,852
LSD 1,230 1,259 648 592 241 221 407 371 582 668
PCP 121 177 30 139 4 53 26 87 92 37
Ecstasy 1,423 1,407 846 709 233 171 613 539 577 698
Inhalants 968 1,053 474 609 140 163 334 446 494 444
Methamphetamine 2,422 2,526 1,345 1,463 474 548 870 915 1,078 1,062
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics 10,983 11,022 5,650 5,321 1,806 1,703 3,844 3,619 5,333 5,701
Pain Relievers 7,286 6,953 3,651 3,235 1,174 988 2,477 2,247 3,634 3,718
Stimulants 2,249a 2,794 1,193a 1,559 405 467 788a 1,092 1,056 1,236
Tranquilizers or Sedatives 3,649 3,869 2,161 2,230 758 878 1,403 1,352 1,488 1,639
Tranquilizers 3,209 3,259 1,994 1,805 690 683 1,304 1,122 1,214 1,453
Sedatives 690 839 361a 586 164 281 197 305 329 252
Benzodiazepines 2,904 2,822 1,793 1,581 587 572 1,205 1,008 1,111 1,241
Opioids2 7,801 7,393 3,983 3,469 1,245 1,080 2,738 2,388 3,818 3,924
Central Nervous System Stimulants 6,812 7,644 3,627 3,869 1,156 1,295 2,471 2,574 3,185 3,775
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana2,3 17,137 18,256 8,504 8,345 2,765 2,734 5,739 5,611 8,633a 9,911
TOBACCO PRODUCT USE OR
NICOTINE VAPING		 -- 60,390 -- 17,616 -- 5,077 -- 12,540 -- 42,773
Tobacco Products 57,887b 53,701 16,456 15,237 4,216 4,328 12,240a 10,909 41,431 38,465
Cigarettes 46,259a 42,912 14,403 13,087 3,771 3,785 10,632a 9,302 31,856 29,825
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco 8,221b 6,627 1,712 1,674 502 442 1,210 1,232 6,509b 4,953
Cigars 14,399 14,833 4,185 4,040 1,154 1,131 3,031 2,909 10,214 10,793
Pipe Tobacco4 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Nicotine Vaping -- 19,934 -- 7,443 -- 2,246 -- 5,197 -- 12,491
ALCOHOL 146,696 149,067 32,937 33,361 7,776 8,138 25,161 25,223 113,759 115,706
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
OPIOIDS INCLUDING ILLEGALLY
MADE FENTANYL		 -- 7,497 -- 3,536 -- 1,083 -- 2,454 -- 3,961
Illegally Made Fentanyl -- 617 -- 424 -- 160 -- 264 -- 193
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
2 For comparison of estimates between 2021 and 2022, these estimates do not include illegally made fentanyl (IMF).
3 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
4 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. Estimates for tobacco product use (as well as estimates for tobacco product use or nicotine vaping) in the past year exclude past year pipe tobacco use, but include past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.52B – Substance Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 26 or Older; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Substance Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2022)
ILLICIT DRUGS2 20.5b 23.7 37.0b 40.8 47.2 49.2 34.0b 38.1 16.0b 19.1
Marijuana 17.3b 20.6 30.6b 35.3 37.4 42.7 28.6b 33.0 13.8b 16.7
Cocaine 1.6 1.8 4.2 4.0 5.1 5.7 4.0 3.5 0.9a 1.2
Crack 0.4 0.4 1.2 1.1 1.4 2.5 1.2 0.7 0.2 0.2
Heroin 0.5 0.4 1.6 1.4 1.8 2.3 1.5 1.1 0.2 0.2
Hallucinogens 2.1 2.5 5.1 5.6 8.0 7.6 4.3 5.0 1.3 1.6
LSD 0.6 0.6 1.4 1.3 2.3 2.0 1.1 1.0 0.3 0.4
PCP 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0
Ecstasy 0.6 0.6 1.8 1.5 2.2 1.5 1.7 1.5 0.3 0.4
Inhalants 0.4 0.5 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.4 0.9 1.3 0.3 0.3
Methamphetamine 1.1 1.1 2.9 3.1 4.5 4.8 2.4 2.6 0.6 0.6
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics 5.0 5.0 12.0 11.4 17.2 15.0 10.6 10.2 3.1 3.3
Pain Relievers 3.3 3.1 7.8 6.9 11.2 8.7 6.8 6.4 2.1 2.1
Stimulants 1.0a 1.3 2.5a 3.3 3.9 4.1 2.2a 3.1 0.6 0.7
Tranquilizers or Sedatives 1.7 1.7 4.6 4.8 7.2 7.7 3.9 3.8 0.9 0.9
Tranquilizers 1.5 1.5 4.3 3.9 6.6 6.0 3.6 3.2 0.7 0.8
Sedatives 0.3 0.4 0.8a 1.3 1.6 2.5 0.5 0.9 0.2 0.1
Benzodiazepines 1.3 1.3 3.8 3.4 5.6 5.1 3.3 2.9 0.6 0.7
Opioids2 3.5 3.3 8.5 7.4 11.8 9.5 7.5 6.8 2.2 2.2
Central Nervous System Stimulants 3.1 3.5 7.7 8.3 11.0 11.4 6.8 7.3 1.8 2.2
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana2,3 7.8 8.2 18.1 17.9 26.3 24.1 15.8 15.9 5.0a 5.7
TOBACCO PRODUCT USE OR
NICOTINE VAPING		 -- 27.3 -- 37.7 -- 44.8 -- 35.4 -- 24.5
Tobacco Products 26.3b 24.2 35.1 32.6 40.1 38.2 33.6 30.8 23.9a 22.0
Cigarettes 21.0b 19.4 30.7a 28.0 35.9 33.4 29.2a 26.3 18.4a 17.1
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco 3.7b 3.0 3.6 3.6 4.8 3.9 3.3 3.5 3.8b 2.8
Cigars 6.5 6.7 8.9 8.7 11.0 10.0 8.3 8.2 5.9 6.2
Pipe Tobacco4 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Nicotine Vaping -- 9.0 -- 15.9 -- 19.8 -- 14.7 -- 7.1
ALCOHOL 66.6 67.3 70.2 71.4 74.0 71.8 69.1 71.3 65.6 66.2
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
OPIOIDS INCLUDING ILLEGALLY
MADE FENTANYL		 -- 3.4 -- 7.6 -- 9.6 -- 6.9 -- 2.3
Illegally Made Fentanyl -- 0.3 -- 0.9 -- 1.4 -- 0.7 -- 0.1
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
2 For comparison of estimates between 2021 and 2022, these estimates do not include illegally made fentanyl (IMF).
3 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
4 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. Estimates for tobacco product use (as well as estimates for tobacco product use or nicotine vaping) in the past year exclude past year pipe tobacco use, but include past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.53A – Substance Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 26 or Older; by Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Substance Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Had MDE
(2021)		 Had MDE
(2022)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2021)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2022)		 No MDE
(2021)		 No MDE
(2022)
ILLICIT DRUGS1 45,156b 52,429 6,198 7,056 4,676 5,240 38,959b 45,373
Marijuana 38,204b 45,656 4,812b 6,178 3,638a 4,545 33,392b 39,477
Cocaine 3,500 3,939 661 686 556 526 2,839 3,253
Crack 925 877 133 278 124 205 792 599
Heroin 1,018 991 200 222 190 192 818 769
Hallucinogens 4,733 5,475 1,056 1,068 861 777 3,678 4,407
LSD 1,230 1,259 307 225 249 151 923 1,034
PCP 121 177 7 53 4 53 114 124
Ecstasy 1,423 1,407 283 212 222 161 1,140 1,195
Inhalants 968 1,053 184 212 176 167 784 841
Methamphetamine 2,422 2,526 478 610 389 527 1,944 1,916
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics 10,983 11,022 2,336 1,953 1,769 1,557 8,647 9,069
Pain Relievers 7,286 6,953 1,445 1,229 1,123 1,031 5,841 5,723
Stimulants 2,249a 2,794 572 432 470 314 1,677b 2,362
Tranquilizers or Sedatives 3,649 3,869 892 899 694 727 2,757 2,970
Tranquilizers 3,209 3,259 814 670 618 583 2,395 2,588
Sedatives 690 839 180 308 174 219 510 530
Benzodiazepines 2,904 2,822 721 581 540 496 2,183 2,241
Opioids1 7,801 7,393 1,471 1,322 1,143 1,111 6,330 6,071
Central Nervous System Stimulants 6,812 7,644 1,359 1,336 1,131 1,031 5,453 6,308
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana1,2 17,137 18,256 3,401 3,244 2,627 2,456 13,736 15,012
TOBACCO PRODUCT USE OR NICOTINE
VAPING		 -- 60,390 -- 6,353 -- 4,585 -- 54,037
Tobacco Products 57,887b 53,701 5,277 5,416 3,947 3,850 52,610a 48,285
Cigarettes 46,259a 42,912 4,678 4,733 3,499 3,389 41,580a 38,179
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco 8,221b 6,627 572 429 472 300 7,650b 6,198
Cigars 14,399 14,833 1,458 1,476 1,095 1,071 12,941 13,357
Pipe Tobacco3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Nicotine Vaping -- 19,934 -- 2,813 -- 2,105 -- 17,121
ALCOHOL 146,696 149,067 11,347 11,324 7,755 7,888 135,349 137,743
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
OPIOIDS INCLUDING ILLEGALLY
MADE FENTANYL		 -- 7,497 -- 1,324 -- 1,112 -- 6,173
Illegally Made Fentanyl -- 617 -- 170 -- 158 -- 447
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 For comparison of estimates between 2021 and 2022, these estimates do not include illegally made fentanyl (IMF).
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. Estimates for tobacco product use (as well as estimates for tobacco product use or nicotine vaping) in the past year exclude past year pipe tobacco use, but include past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.53B – Substance Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 26 or Older; by Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Substance Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Had MDE
(2021)		 Had MDE
(2022)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2021)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2022)		 No MDE
(2021)		 No MDE
(2022)
ILLICIT DRUGS1 20.5b 23.7 41.0a 45.6 45.5 48.7 19.0b 22.0
Marijuana 17.3b 20.6 31.8b 39.9 35.4a 42.2 16.3b 19.2
Cocaine 1.6 1.8 4.4 4.4 5.4 4.9 1.4 1.6
Crack 0.4 0.4 0.9 1.8 1.2 1.9 0.4 0.3
Heroin 0.5 0.4 1.3 1.4 1.8 1.8 0.4 0.4
Hallucinogens 2.1 2.5 7.0 6.9 8.4 7.2 1.8 2.1
LSD 0.6 0.6 2.0 1.5 2.4 1.4 0.4 0.5
PCP 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.5 0.1 0.1
Ecstasy 0.6 0.6 1.9 1.4 2.2 1.5 0.6 0.6
Inhalants 0.4 0.5 1.2 1.4 1.7 1.6 0.4 0.4
Methamphetamine 1.1 1.1 3.2 3.9 3.8 4.9 0.9 0.9
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics 5.0 5.0 15.5 12.6 17.2 14.5 4.2 4.4
Pain Relievers 3.3 3.1 9.6 7.9 10.9 9.6 2.8 2.8
Stimulants 1.0a 1.3 3.8 2.8 4.6 2.9 0.8b 1.1
Tranquilizers or Sedatives 1.7 1.7 5.9 5.8 6.8 6.8 1.3 1.4
Tranquilizers 1.5 1.5 5.4 4.3 6.0 5.4 1.2 1.3
Sedatives 0.3 0.4 1.2 2.0 1.7 2.0 0.2 0.3
Benzodiazepines 1.3 1.3 4.8 3.8 5.3 4.6 1.1 1.1
Opioids1 3.5 3.3 9.7 8.5 11.1 10.3 3.1 2.9
Central Nervous System Stimulants 3.1 3.5 9.0 8.6 11.0 9.6 2.7 3.1
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana1,2 7.8 8.2 22.5 21.0 25.5 22.8 6.7 7.3
TOBACCO PRODUCT USE OR NICOTINE
VAPING		 -- 27.3 -- 41.0 -- 42.6 -- 26.2
Tobacco Products 26.3b 24.2 34.9 35.0 38.4 35.8 25.6b 23.4
Cigarettes 21.0b 19.4 31.0 30.6 34.0 31.5 20.3b 18.5
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco 3.7b 3.0 3.8 2.8 4.6a 2.8 3.7b 3.0
Cigars 6.5 6.7 9.7 9.5 10.6 10.0 6.3 6.5
Pipe Tobacco3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Nicotine Vaping -- 9.0 -- 18.2 -- 19.6 -- 8.3
ALCOHOL 66.6 67.3 75.1 73.1 75.4 73.3 65.9 66.9
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
OPIOIDS INCLUDING ILLEGALLY
MADE FENTANYL		 -- 3.4 -- 8.6 -- 10.3 -- 3.0
Illegally Made Fentanyl -- 0.3 -- 1.1 -- 1.5 -- 0.2
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 For comparison of estimates between 2021 and 2022, these estimates do not include illegally made fentanyl (IMF).
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. Estimates for tobacco product use (as well as estimates for tobacco product use or nicotine vaping) in the past year exclude past year pipe tobacco use, but include past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.54A – Substance Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 26 to 49; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Substance Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2022)
ILLICIT DRUGS2 29,188b 32,809 12,743a 14,370 3,823 4,301 8,920a 10,069 16,445b 18,439
Marijuana 25,373b 29,525 11,030b 12,905 3,224a 3,859 7,806a 9,046 14,343b 16,620
Cocaine 2,500 2,824 1,443 1,501 391 436 1,053 1,065 1,057 1,323
Crack 415 426 291 300 72 136 219 164 124 126
Heroin 616 723 459 515 93a 197 366 318 157 208
Hallucinogens 4,160 4,599 2,213 2,336 790 758 1,424 1,578 1,946 2,263
LSD 1,112 1,123 608 535 241 221 367 314 504 588
PCP 50 59 30 42 4 8 26 34 21 17
Ecstasy 1,353 1,275 786 614 233 151 553 463 567 661
Inhalants 801 857 436 528 134 163 302 364 365 329
Methamphetamine 1,472 1,652 986 1,021 360 407 626 614 486 631
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics 6,944 6,848 3,811 3,745 1,311 1,266 2,500 2,479 3,132 3,103
Pain Relievers 4,194 4,074 2,258 2,238 849 723 1,410 1,515 1,936 1,837
Stimulants 1,958 2,365 1,098 1,317 382 420 716 896 860 1,049
Tranquilizers or Sedatives 2,385 2,277 1,555 1,417 531 578 1,025 839 829 860
Tranquilizers 2,220 2,028 1,487 1,232 509 482 977 749 733 796
Sedatives 394 369 248 262 113 137 135 125 146 106
Benzodiazepines 2,070 1,845 1,398 1,149 464 428 935 721 672 696
Opioids2 4,471 4,364 2,450 2,429 868 805 1,582 1,624 2,021 1,935
Central Nervous System Stimulants 4,846 5,476 2,757 2,966 918 976 1,839 1,991 2,089 2,509
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana2,3 11,457 11,977 6,109 6,164 2,090 2,110 4,018 4,054 5,348 5,813
TOBACCO PRODUCT USE OR
NICOTINE VAPING		 -- 36,281 -- 12,602 -- 3,632 -- 8,970 -- 23,679
Tobacco Products 32,237 31,014 10,974 10,778 3,026 3,095 7,948 7,683 21,264 20,236
Cigarettes 25,514 24,496 9,288 9,118 2,625 2,685 6,663 6,432 16,226 15,379
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco 5,158b 4,102 1,407 1,210 371 376 1,036 834 3,752b 2,892
Cigars 9,391 9,911 3,274 3,302 946 931 2,328 2,371 6,118 6,609
Pipe Tobacco4 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Nicotine Vaping -- 15,846 -- 6,231 -- 1,906 -- 4,324 -- 9,615
ALCOHOL 74,908 75,737 22,512 23,854 5,847 6,273 16,664 17,581 52,396 51,882
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
OPIOIDS INCLUDING ILLEGALLY
MADE FENTANYL		 -- 4,462 -- 2,497 -- 807 -- 1,690 -- 1,965
Illegally Made Fentanyl -- 461 -- 349 -- 120 -- 229 -- 112
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
2 For comparison of estimates between 2021 and 2022, these estimates do not include illegally made fentanyl (IMF).
3 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
4 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. Estimates for tobacco product use (as well as estimates for tobacco product use or nicotine vaping) in the past year exclude past year pipe tobacco use, but include past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.54B – Substance Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 26 to 49; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Substance Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2022)
ILLICIT DRUGS2 28.5b 32.0 43.7b 47.6 51.3 55.1 41.1a 45.0 22.5b 25.5
Marijuana 24.8b 28.8 37.8b 42.8 43.3a 49.4 36.0b 40.5 19.6b 23.0
Cocaine 2.4 2.8 5.0 5.0 5.2 5.6 4.8 4.8 1.4 1.8
Crack 0.4 0.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.7 1.0 0.7 0.2 0.2
Heroin 0.6 0.7 1.6 1.7 1.3a 2.5 1.7 1.4 0.2 0.3
Hallucinogens 4.1 4.5 7.6 7.7 10.6 9.7 6.6 7.1 2.7 3.1
LSD 1.1 1.1 2.1 1.8 3.2 2.8 1.7 1.4 0.7 0.8
PCP 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0
Ecstasy 1.3 1.2 2.7 2.0 3.1 1.9 2.5 2.1 0.8 0.9
Inhalants 0.8 0.8 1.5 1.8 1.8 2.1 1.4 1.6 0.5 0.5
Methamphetamine 1.4 1.6 3.4 3.4 4.8 5.2 2.9 2.7 0.7 0.9
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics 6.8 6.7 13.1 12.4 17.6 16.2 11.5 11.1 4.3 4.3
Pain Relievers 4.1 4.0 7.7 7.4 11.4 9.3 6.5 6.8 2.6 2.5
Stimulants 1.9 2.3 3.8 4.4 5.1 5.4 3.3 4.0 1.2 1.4
Tranquilizers or Sedatives 2.3 2.2 5.3 4.7 7.1 7.4 4.7 3.8 1.1 1.2
Tranquilizers 2.2 2.0 5.1 4.1 6.8 6.2 4.5 3.4 1.0 1.1
Sedatives 0.4 0.4 0.9 0.9 1.5 1.8 0.6 0.6 0.2 0.1
Benzodiazepines 2.0 1.8 4.8 3.8 6.2 5.5 4.3 3.2 0.9 1.0
Opioids2 4.4 4.3 8.4 8.1 11.6 10.3 7.3 7.3 2.8 2.7
Central Nervous System Stimulants 4.7 5.3 9.5 9.8 12.3 12.5 8.5 8.9 2.9 3.5
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana2,3 11.2 11.7 21.0 20.4 28.1 27.0 18.5 18.1 7.3 8.0
TOBACCO PRODUCT USE OR
NICOTINE VAPING		 -- 35.4 -- 41.8 -- 46.5 -- 40.1 -- 32.7
Tobacco Products 31.5 30.2 37.6 35.7 40.6 39.6 36.6 34.4 29.1 27.9
Cigarettes 24.9 23.9 31.9 30.2 35.2 34.4 30.7 28.8 22.2 21.2
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco 5.0b 4.0 4.8 4.0 5.0 4.8 4.8 3.7 5.1b 4.0
Cigars 9.2 9.7 11.2 10.9 12.7 11.9 10.7 10.6 8.4 9.1
Pipe Tobacco4 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Nicotine Vaping -- 15.4 -- 20.7 -- 24.4 -- 19.3 -- 13.3
ALCOHOL 73.2 73.8 77.2 79.1 78.5 80.3 76.8 78.7 71.6 71.7
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
OPIOIDS INCLUDING ILLEGALLY
MADE FENTANYL		 -- 4.4 -- 8.3 -- 10.3 -- 7.6 -- 2.7
Illegally Made Fentanyl -- 0.4 -- 1.2 -- 1.5 -- 1.0 -- 0.2
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
2 For comparison of estimates between 2021 and 2022, these estimates do not include illegally made fentanyl (IMF).
3 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
4 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. Estimates for tobacco product use (as well as estimates for tobacco product use or nicotine vaping) in the past year exclude past year pipe tobacco use, but include past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.55A – Substance Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 26 to 49; by Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Substance Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Had MDE
(2021)		 Had MDE
(2022)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2021)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2022)		 No MDE
(2021)		 No MDE
(2022)
ILLICIT DRUGS1 29,188b 32,809 4,639 5,002 3,503 3,699 24,550b 27,808
Marijuana 25,373b 29,525 3,868a 4,550 2,885 3,339 21,505b 24,975
Cocaine 2,500 2,824 486 496 380 386 2,015 2,328
Crack 415 426 93 139 84 115 321 287
Heroin 616 723 136 180 127 154 480 543
Hallucinogens 4,160 4,599 1,048 936 855 689 3,111 3,663
LSD 1,112 1,123 303 225 245 151 809 898
PCP 50 59 7 8 4 8 43 51
Ecstasy 1,353 1,275 282 212 222 161 1,071 1,063
Inhalants 801 857 172 211 165 167 629 646
Methamphetamine 1,472 1,652 395 379 325 330 1,077 1,273
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics 6,944 6,848 1,627a 1,242 1,269 986 5,316 5,606
Pain Relievers 4,194 4,074 939 746 811 610 3,255 3,329
Stimulants 1,958 2,365 547 390 445 306 1,412b 1,976
Tranquilizers or Sedatives 2,385 2,277 655 551 490 457 1,730 1,726
Tranquilizers 2,220 2,028 633 450 469 377 1,587 1,578
Sedatives 394 369 116 130 110 106 278 239
Benzodiazepines 2,070 1,845 598 395 449 325 1,472 1,450
Opioids1 4,471 4,364 964 827 830 679 3,507 3,536
Central Nervous System Stimulants 4,846 5,476 1,118 956 909 746 3,728a 4,520
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana1,2 11,457 11,977 2,570 2,305 2,014 1,738 8,887 9,672
TOBACCO PRODUCT USE OR NICOTINE
VAPING		 -- 36,281 -- 4,312 -- 3,196 -- 31,968
Tobacco Products 32,237 31,014 3,763 3,692 2,766 2,725 28,475 27,322
Cigarettes 25,514 24,496 3,247 3,146 2,391 2,346 22,267 21,350
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco 5,158b 4,102 390 329 315 257 4,768b 3,773
Cigars 9,391 9,911 1,227 1,123 900 823 8,165 8,788
Pipe Tobacco3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Nicotine Vaping -- 15,846 -- 2,207 -- 1,643 -- 13,639
ALCOHOL 74,908 75,737 7,905 7,945 5,399 5,651 67,003 67,791
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
OPIOIDS INCLUDING ILLEGALLY
MADE FENTANYL		 -- 4,462 -- 830 -- 680 -- 3,632
Illegally Made Fentanyl -- 461 -- 130 -- 119 -- 331
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 For comparison of estimates between 2021 and 2022, these estimates do not include illegally made fentanyl (IMF).
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. Estimates for tobacco product use (as well as estimates for tobacco product use or nicotine vaping) in the past year exclude past year pipe tobacco use, but include past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.55B – Substance Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 26 to 49; by Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Substance Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Had MDE
(2021)		 Had MDE
(2022)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2021)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2022)		 No MDE
(2021)		 No MDE
(2022)
ILLICIT DRUGS1 28.5b 32.0 47.3 50.1 51.6 52.3 26.5b 30.0
Marijuana 24.8b 28.8 39.4b 45.6 42.5 47.2 23.2b 27.0
Cocaine 2.4 2.8 4.9 5.0 5.6 5.5 2.2 2.5
Crack 0.4 0.4 0.9 1.4 1.2 1.6 0.3 0.3
Heroin 0.6 0.7 1.4 1.8 1.9 2.2 0.5 0.6
Hallucinogens 4.1 4.5 10.7 9.4 12.6 9.8 3.4 4.0
LSD 1.1 1.1 3.1 2.3 3.6 2.1 0.9 1.0
PCP 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1
Ecstasy 1.3 1.2 2.9 2.1 3.3 2.3 1.2 1.1
Inhalants 0.8 0.8 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.4 0.7 0.7
Methamphetamine 1.4 1.6 4.0 3.8 4.8 4.7 1.2 1.4
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics 6.8 6.7 16.6a 12.5 18.7a 14.0 5.7 6.1
Pain Relievers 4.1 4.0 9.6 7.5 11.9 8.6 3.5 3.6
Stimulants 1.9 2.3 5.6 3.9 6.6 4.3 1.5b 2.1
Tranquilizers or Sedatives 2.3 2.2 6.7 5.5 7.2 6.5 1.9 1.9
Tranquilizers 2.2 2.0 6.5 4.5 6.9 5.3 1.7 1.7
Sedatives 0.4 0.4 1.2 1.3 1.6 1.5 0.3 0.3
Benzodiazepines 2.0 1.8 6.1a 4.0 6.6 4.6 1.6 1.6
Opioids1 4.4 4.3 9.8 8.3 12.2 9.6 3.8 3.8
Central Nervous System Stimulants 4.7 5.3 11.4 9.6 13.4 10.5 4.0a 4.9
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana1,2 11.2 11.7 26.2 23.1 29.6 24.6 9.6 10.4
TOBACCO PRODUCT USE OR NICOTINE
VAPING		 -- 35.4 -- 43.2 -- 45.2 -- 34.5
Tobacco Products 31.5 30.2 38.4 37.0 40.7 38.6 30.8 29.5
Cigarettes 24.9 23.9 33.1 31.5 35.2 33.2 24.1 23.1
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco 5.0b 4.0 4.0 3.3 4.6 3.6 5.2b 4.1
Cigars 9.2 9.7 12.5 11.3 13.3 11.6 8.8 9.5
Pipe Tobacco3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Nicotine Vaping -- 15.4 -- 22.1 -- 23.3 -- 14.7
ALCOHOL 73.2 73.8 80.6 79.7 79.5 79.9 72.4 73.2
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
OPIOIDS INCLUDING ILLEGALLY
MADE FENTANYL		 -- 4.4 -- 8.3 -- 9.6 -- 3.9
Illegally Made Fentanyl -- 0.4 -- 1.3 -- 1.7 -- 0.4
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 For comparison of estimates between 2021 and 2022, these estimates do not include illegally made fentanyl (IMF).
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. Estimates for tobacco product use (as well as estimates for tobacco product use or nicotine vaping) in the past year exclude past year pipe tobacco use, but include past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.56A – Substance Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 50 or Older; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Substance Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2022)
ILLICIT DRUGS2 15,968b 19,620 4,608 4,674 1,144 1,275 3,464 3,399 11,360b 14,946
Marijuana 12,831b 16,130 3,304 3,586 711 974 2,593 2,612 9,527b 12,545
Cocaine 1,000 1,115 540 390 144 214 395 176 460 725
Crack 510 451 295 213 72 144 223 69 215 238
Heroin 401 269 285 132 * 58 193 74 116 137
Hallucinogens 574 876 186 287 * 100 139 187 388 589
LSD 119 136 40 56 * * 40 56 78 80
PCP 71 118 * 97 * * * 53 71 21
Ecstasy 70 132 60 95 * * 60 75 10 37
Inhalants 167 196 38 81 7 * 32 81 129 115
Methamphetamine 950 874 358 443 114 141 244 301 592 431
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics 4,039 4,174 1,838 1,576 495 436 1,344 1,140 2,201 2,598
Pain Relievers 3,091 2,878 1,393 998 325 265 1,068 733 1,698 1,881
Stimulants 290 429 95 242 22 47 72 195 196 187
Tranquilizers or Sedatives 1,264 1,591 606 812 227 300 379 513 658 779
Tranquilizers 988 1,231 508 573 181 201 327 373 481 658
Sedatives 296 470 113a 324 51 143 61 181 183 146
Benzodiazepines 834 976 394 432 124 144 271 287 439 545
Opioids2 3,330 3,029 1,533 1,039 377 276 1,156 764 1,796 1,990
Central Nervous System Stimulants 1,966 2,168 870 902 237 319 632 583 1,096 1,266
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana2,3 5,680 6,279 2,395 2,181 675 624 1,721 1,557 3,285 4,098
TOBACCO PRODUCT USE OR
NICOTINE VAPING		 -- 24,109 -- 5,015 -- 1,445 -- 3,570 -- 19,094
Tobacco Products 25,650b 22,687 5,482 4,459 1,190 1,233 4,292a 3,226 20,167 18,228
Cigarettes 20,745a 18,416 5,115a 3,970 1,146 1,100 3,969a 2,870 15,630 14,446
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco 3,063 2,525 305 464 132 66 174 397 2,758 2,061
Cigars 5,008 4,922 911 738 208 200 704 538 4,097 4,184
Pipe Tobacco4 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Nicotine Vaping -- 4,088 -- 1,213 -- 340 -- 873 -- 2,875
ALCOHOL 71,789 73,330 10,425 9,507 1,929 1,865 8,496 7,641 61,363 63,823
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
OPIOIDS INCLUDING ILLEGALLY
MADE FENTANYL		 -- 3,035 -- 1,040 -- 276 -- 764 -- 1,996
Illegally Made Fentanyl -- 156 -- 75 -- 40 -- 35 -- 82
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
2 For comparison of estimates between 2021 and 2022, these estimates do not include illegally made fentanyl (IMF).
3 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
4 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. Estimates for tobacco product use (as well as estimates for tobacco product use or nicotine vaping) in the past year exclude past year pipe tobacco use, but include past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.56B – Substance Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 50 or Older; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Substance Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2022)
ILLICIT DRUGS2 13.5b 16.5 25.9 28.3 37.3 36.2 23.6 26.1 11.3b 14.6
Marijuana 10.9b 13.6 18.6 21.7 23.2 27.7 17.6 20.1 9.5b 12.3
Cocaine 0.8 0.9 3.0 2.4 4.7 6.1 2.7 1.4 0.5 0.7
Crack 0.4 0.4 1.7 1.3 2.3 4.1 1.5 0.5 0.2 0.2
Heroin 0.3 0.2 1.6 0.8 * 1.7 1.3 0.6 0.1 0.1
Hallucinogens 0.5 0.7 1.0 1.7 * 2.9 0.9 1.4 0.4 0.6
LSD 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 * * 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.1
PCP 0.1 0.1 * 0.6 * * * 0.4 0.1 0.0
Ecstasy 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.6 * * 0.4 0.6 0.0 0.0
Inhalants 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.2 * 0.2 0.6 0.1 0.1
Methamphetamine 0.8 0.7 2.0 2.7 3.7 4.0 1.7 2.3 0.6 0.4
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics 3.4 3.5 10.3 9.5 16.1 12.4 9.1 8.8 2.2 2.5
Pain Relievers 2.6 2.4 7.8 6.0 10.6 7.5 7.3 5.6 1.7 1.8
Stimulants 0.2 0.4 0.5a 1.5 0.7 1.3 0.5 1.5 0.2 0.2
Tranquilizers or Sedatives 1.1 1.3 3.4 4.9 7.4 8.5 2.6 3.9 0.7 0.8
Tranquilizers 0.8 1.0 2.9 3.5 5.9 5.7 2.2 2.9 0.5 0.6
Sedatives 0.3 0.4 0.6a 2.0 1.7 4.1 0.4 1.4 0.2 0.1
Benzodiazepines 0.7 0.8 2.2 2.6 4.0 4.1 1.8 2.2 0.4 0.5
Opioids2 2.8 2.5 8.6 6.3 12.3 7.8 7.9 5.9 1.8 1.9
Central Nervous System Stimulants 1.7 1.8 4.9 5.5 7.7 9.1 4.3 4.5 1.1 1.2
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana2,3 4.8 5.3 13.5 13.2 22.0 17.7 11.7 12.0 3.3 4.0
TOBACCO PRODUCT USE OR
NICOTINE VAPING		 -- 20.3 -- 30.3 -- 41.0 -- 27.4 -- 18.6
Tobacco Products 21.7b 19.1 30.9 27.0 38.8 35.0 29.2 24.8 20.1a 17.8
Cigarettes 17.6a 15.5 28.8a 24.0 37.4 31.2 27.0 22.0 15.6 14.1
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco 2.6 2.1 1.7 2.8 4.3 1.9 1.2a 3.1 2.8 2.0
Cigars 4.2 4.1 5.1 4.5 6.8 5.7 4.8 4.1 4.1 4.1
Pipe Tobacco4 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Nicotine Vaping -- 3.4 -- 7.3 -- 9.7 -- 6.7 -- 2.8
ALCOHOL 60.8 61.7 58.7 57.5 62.9 53.0 57.8 58.7 61.2 62.3
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
OPIOIDS INCLUDING ILLEGALLY
MADE FENTANYL		 -- 2.6 -- 6.3 -- 7.8 -- 5.9 -- 1.9
Illegally Made Fentanyl -- 0.1 -- 0.5 -- 1.1 -- 0.3 -- 0.1
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
2 For comparison of estimates between 2021 and 2022, these estimates do not include illegally made fentanyl (IMF).
3 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
4 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. Estimates for tobacco product use (as well as estimates for tobacco product use or nicotine vaping) in the past year exclude past year pipe tobacco use, but include past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.57A – Substance Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 50 or Older; by Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Substance Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)		 Had MDE
(2021)		 Had MDE
(2022)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2021)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2022)		 No MDE
(2021)		 No MDE
(2022)
ILLICIT DRUGS1 15,968b 19,620 1,559 2,054 1,173 1,541 14,409b 17,566
Marijuana 12,831b 16,130 944a 1,628 753 1,206 11,887b 14,502
Cocaine 1,000 1,115 176 190 176 140 824 925
Crack 510 451 * 139 * 89 470 312
Heroin 401 269 * 42 * 38 338 226
Hallucinogens 574 876 7a 133 6 87 567 744
LSD 119 136 4 * 4 * 114 136
PCP 71 118 * * * * 71 73
Ecstasy 70 132 1 * * * 69 132
Inhalants 167 196 12 2 11 * 155 194
Methamphetamine 950 874 83 231 64 197 867 644
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics 4,039 4,174 709 711 500 571 3,330 3,463
Pain Relievers 3,091 2,878 506 484 312 421 2,586 2,395
Stimulants 290 429 25 42 25 9 265 387
Tranquilizers or Sedatives 1,264 1,591 237 348 204 270 1,028 1,243
Tranquilizers 988 1,231 181 221 148 206 808 1,010
Sedatives 296 470 64 178 64 113 232 292
Benzodiazepines 834 976 123 186 91 172 711 790
Opioids1 3,330 3,029 507 495 313 432 2,823 2,535
Central Nervous System Stimulants 1,966 2,168 240 380 222 286 1,725 1,788
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana1,2 5,680 6,279 831 939 613 718 4,849 5,340
TOBACCO PRODUCT USE OR NICOTINE
VAPING		 -- 24,109 -- 2,041 -- 1,390 -- 22,068
Tobacco Products 25,650b 22,687 1,514 1,724 1,181 1,125 24,135b 20,963
Cigarettes 20,745a 18,416 1,432 1,587 1,107 1,044 19,313a 16,829
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco 3,063 2,525 182 100 158 44 2,882 2,425
Cigars 5,008 4,922 232 353 195 249 4,776 4,569
Pipe Tobacco3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Nicotine Vaping -- 4,088 -- 607 -- 462 -- 3,481
ALCOHOL 71,789 73,330 3,442 3,379 2,356 2,237 68,347 69,951
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
OPIOIDS INCLUDING ILLEGALLY
MADE FENTANYL		 -- 3,035 -- 495 -- 432 -- 2,541
Illegally Made Fentanyl -- 156 -- 40 -- 40 -- 116
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 For comparison of estimates between 2021 and 2022, these estimates do not include illegally made fentanyl (IMF).
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. Estimates for tobacco product use (as well as estimates for tobacco product use or nicotine vaping) in the past year exclude past year pipe tobacco use, but include past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.57B – Substance Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 50 or Older; by Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Substance Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)		 Had MDE
(2021)		 Had MDE
(2022)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2021)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2022)		 No MDE
(2021)		 No MDE
(2022)
ILLICIT DRUGS1 13.5b 16.5 29.4 37.3 33.6 41.7 12.8b 15.5
Marijuana 10.9b 13.6 17.8b 29.5 21.6a 32.6 10.5b 12.8
Cocaine 0.8 0.9 3.3 3.4 5.0 3.8 0.7 0.8
Crack 0.4 0.4 * 2.5 * 2.4 0.4 0.3
Heroin 0.3 0.2 * 0.8 * 1.0 0.3 0.2
Hallucinogens 0.5 0.7 0.1a 2.4 0.2 2.4 0.5 0.7
LSD 0.1 0.1 0.1 * 0.1 * 0.1 0.1
PCP 0.1 0.1 * * * * 0.1 0.1
Ecstasy 0.1 0.1 0.0 * * * 0.1 0.1
Inhalants 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.3 * 0.1 0.2
Methamphetamine 0.8 0.7 1.6 4.2 1.8 5.3 0.8 0.6
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics 3.4 3.5 13.4 12.9 14.3 15.4 3.0 3.1
Pain Relievers 2.6 2.4 9.5 8.8 8.9 11.4 2.3 2.1
Stimulants 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.2 0.2 0.3
Tranquilizers or Sedatives 1.1 1.3 4.5 6.3 5.9 7.3 0.9 1.1
Tranquilizers 0.8 1.0 3.4 4.0 4.2 5.6 0.7 0.9
Sedatives 0.3 0.4 1.2 3.2 1.8 3.1 0.2 0.3
Benzodiazepines 0.7 0.8 2.3 3.4 2.6 4.6 0.6 0.7
Opioids1 2.8 2.5 9.6 9.0 9.0 11.7 2.5 2.2
Central Nervous System Stimulants 1.7 1.8 4.5 6.9 6.3 7.7 1.5 1.6
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana1,2 4.8 5.3 15.7 17.0 17.6 19.4 4.3 4.7
TOBACCO PRODUCT USE OR NICOTINE
VAPING		 -- 20.3 -- 37.0 -- 37.6 -- 19.5
Tobacco Products 21.7b 19.1 28.6 31.3 33.8 30.4 21.4b 18.5
Cigarettes 17.6a 15.5 27.0 28.8 31.7 28.2 17.1b 14.8
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco 2.6 2.1 3.4 1.8 4.5 1.2 2.6 2.1
Cigars 4.2 4.1 4.4 6.4 5.6 6.7 4.2 4.0
Pipe Tobacco3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Nicotine Vaping -- 3.4 -- 11.0 -- 12.5 -- 3.1
ALCOHOL 60.8 61.7 64.9 61.3 67.4 60.5 60.6 61.7
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
OPIOIDS INCLUDING ILLEGALLY
MADE FENTANYL		 -- 2.6 -- 9.0 -- 11.7 -- 2.2
Illegally Made Fentanyl -- 0.1 -- 0.7 -- 1.1 -- 0.1
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 For comparison of estimates between 2021 and 2022, these estimates do not include illegally made fentanyl (IMF).
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. Estimates for tobacco product use (as well as estimates for tobacco product use or nicotine vaping) in the past year exclude past year pipe tobacco use, but include past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.58A – Overall Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Substance Use Disorder Status Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2022)
TOTAL POPULATION 253,825 256,282 58,451 59,286 14,526 15,360 43,926 43,926 195,373 196,996
DRUGS OR ALCOHOL2 44,383 46,494 19,692a 21,543 6,556a 7,410 13,136 14,134 24,691 24,950
DRUGS2 22,571b 25,417 12,333b 14,504 4,610b 5,587 7,723a 8,916 10,237 10,913
Marijuana 15,313b 17,669 8,065b 9,837 2,878b 3,767 5,187a 6,070 7,248 7,832
Cocaine 1,431 1,429 965 918 347 386 618 532 467 511
Heroin 989 898 750 607 148 247 602 360 239 291
Hallucinogens 456 514 362 437 170 150 193 286 94 77
Inhalants 259 262 194 212 62 42 132 170 65 50
Methamphetamine 1,604 1,818 1,098 1,151 452 511 646 640 507 667
Prescription Psychotherapeutics2 6,860 7,687 4,256 4,864 1,744 2,022 2,512 2,842 2,604 2,822
Pain Relievers2 4,745 5,312 2,804 3,192 1,077 1,197 1,727 1,996 1,941 2,119
Stimulants2 1,266 1,569 932 1,192 401 538 531 654 334 377
Tranquilizers or Sedatives2 2,110 2,221 1,604 1,600 846 768 758 832 506 621
Tranquilizers2 1,607 1,730 1,275 1,216 712 590 563 626 333 515
Sedatives2 879 769 625 610 305 317 320 293 254 160
Opioids2 5,308 5,852 3,150 3,527 1,113 1,329 2,036 2,198 2,159 2,325
Central Nervous System Stimulants2 3,932 4,247 2,670 2,873 1,070 1,225 1,599 1,648 1,262 1,374
ALCOHOL 28,769 28,788 11,693 12,145 3,799 3,824 7,894 8,322 17,076 16,643
BOTH DRUGS AND ALCOHOL2 6,956 7,712 4,334a 5,106 1,853 2,001 2,480a 3,105 2,623 2,606
DRUGS ONLY (NO ALCOHOL USE DISORDER)2 15,615b 17,706 8,000b 9,398 2,757b 3,586 5,243 5,812 7,615 8,307
ALCOHOL ONLY (NO DRUG USE DISORDER)2 21,812 21,077 7,359 7,040 1,946 1,823 5,413 5,217 14,453 14,037
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER2 209,442 209,788 38,759 37,743 7,970 7,951 30,789 29,792 170,683 172,045
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
2 Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.58B – Overall Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Substance Use Disorder Status Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2022)
TOTAL POPULATION 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
DRUGS OR ALCOHOL2 17.5 18.1 33.7b 36.3 45.1 48.2 29.9a 32.2 12.6 12.7
DRUGS2 8.9b 9.9 21.1b 24.5 31.7a 36.4 17.6b 20.3 5.2 5.5
Marijuana 6.0b 6.9 13.8b 16.6 19.8b 24.5 11.8a 13.8 3.7 4.0
Cocaine 0.6 0.6 1.7 1.5 2.4 2.5 1.4 1.2 0.2 0.3
Heroin 0.4 0.4 1.3 1.0 1.0 1.6 1.4 0.8 0.1 0.1
Hallucinogens 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.7 1.2 1.0 0.4 0.7 0.0 0.0
Inhalants 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.0
Methamphetamine 0.6 0.7 1.9 1.9 3.1 3.3 1.5 1.5 0.3 0.3
Prescription Psychotherapeutics2 2.7 3.0 7.3 8.2 12.0 13.2 5.7 6.5 1.3 1.4
Pain Relievers2 1.9 2.1 4.8 5.4 7.4 7.8 3.9 4.5 1.0 1.1
Stimulants2 0.5 0.6 1.6 2.0 2.8 3.5 1.2 1.5 0.2 0.2
Tranquilizers or Sedatives2 0.8 0.9 2.7 2.7 5.8 5.0 1.7 1.9 0.3 0.3
Tranquilizers2 0.6 0.7 2.2 2.1 4.9 3.8 1.3 1.4 0.2 0.3
Sedatives2 0.3 0.3 1.1 1.0 2.1 2.1 0.7 0.7 0.1 0.1
Opioids2 2.1 2.3 5.4 5.9 7.7 8.7 4.6 5.0 1.1 1.2
Central Nervous System Stimulants2 1.5 1.7 4.6 4.8 7.4 8.0 3.6 3.8 0.6 0.7
ALCOHOL 11.3 11.2 20.0 20.5 26.2 24.9 18.0 18.9 8.7 8.4
BOTH DRUGS AND ALCOHOL2 2.7 3.0 7.4a 8.6 12.8 13.0 5.6a 7.1 1.3 1.3
DRUGS ONLY (NO ALCOHOL USE DISORDER)2 6.2b 6.9 13.7b 15.9 19.0a 23.3 11.9 13.2 3.9 4.2
ALCOHOL ONLY (NO DRUG USE DISORDER)2 8.6 8.2 12.6 11.9 13.4 11.9 12.3 11.9 7.4 7.1
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER2 82.5 81.9 66.3b 63.7 54.9 51.8 70.1a 67.8 87.4 87.3
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
2 Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.59A – Overall Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Substance Use Disorder Status Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Had MDE
(2021)		 Had MDE
(2022)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2021)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2022)		 No MDE
(2021)		 No MDE
(2022)
TOTAL POPULATION 253,825 256,282 21,553 22,475 14,889 15,873 232,272 233,807
DRUGS OR ALCOHOL1 44,383 46,494 8,187a 9,337 6,426 7,175 36,196 37,156
DRUGS1 22,571b 25,417 5,499b 6,713 4,368b 5,385 17,072a 18,704
Marijuana 15,313b 17,669 3,572b 4,641 2,717b 3,681 11,741a 13,028
Cocaine 1,431 1,429 427 396 383 295 1,004 1,033
Heroin 989 898 226 216 206 186 763 682
Hallucinogens 456 514 184 162 155 146 273 352
Inhalants 259 262 86 90 68 77 172 172
Methamphetamine 1,604 1,818 453 485 367 427 1,151 1,333
Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 6,860 7,687 2,017 2,146 1,723 1,805 4,843 5,541
Pain Relievers1 4,745 5,312 1,305 1,263 1,112 1,088 3,439 4,049
Stimulants1 1,266 1,569 532 539 448 471 734a 1,030
Tranquilizers or Sedatives1 2,110 2,221 865 772 810 573 1,245 1,449
Tranquilizers1 1,607 1,730 704 569 661 455 903 1,161
Sedatives1 879 769 355 312 343 192 524 457
Opioids1 5,308 5,852 1,350 1,403 1,149 1,205 3,958 4,448
Central Nervous System Stimulants1 3,932 4,247 1,197 1,283 1,004 1,070 2,735 2,964
ALCOHOL 28,769 28,788 4,831 5,087 3,746 3,760 23,938 23,701
BOTH DRUGS AND ALCOHOL1 6,956 7,712 2,143 2,463 1,688 1,970 4,813 5,249
DRUGS ONLY (NO ALCOHOL USE DISORDER)1 15,615b 17,706 3,356b 4,250 2,680b 3,415 12,258 13,455
ALCOHOL ONLY (NO DRUG USE DISORDER)1 21,812 21,077 2,688 2,624 2,058 1,790 19,125 18,452
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER1 209,442 209,788 13,366 13,137 8,463 8,698 196,075 196,651
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.59B – Overall Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Substance Use Disorder Status Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Had MDE
(2021)		 Had MDE
(2022)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2021)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2022)		 No MDE
(2021)		 No MDE
(2022)
TOTAL POPULATION 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
DRUGS OR ALCOHOL1 17.5 18.1 38.0 41.5 43.2 45.2 15.6 15.9
DRUGS1 8.9b 9.9 25.5b 29.9 29.3a 33.9 7.3a 8.0
Marijuana 6.0b 6.9 16.6b 20.6 18.3b 23.2 5.1a 5.6
Cocaine 0.6 0.6 2.0 1.8 2.6 1.9 0.4 0.4
Heroin 0.4 0.4 1.0 1.0 1.4 1.2 0.3 0.3
Hallucinogens 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.7 1.0 0.9 0.1 0.2
Inhalants 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.1
Methamphetamine 0.6 0.7 2.1 2.2 2.5 2.7 0.5 0.6
Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 2.7 3.0 9.4 9.5 11.6 11.4 2.1 2.4
Pain Relievers1 1.9 2.1 6.1 5.6 7.5 6.9 1.5 1.7
Stimulants1 0.5 0.6 2.5 2.4 3.0 3.0 0.3a 0.4
Tranquilizers or Sedatives1 0.8 0.9 4.0 3.4 5.4a 3.6 0.5 0.6
Tranquilizers1 0.6 0.7 3.3 2.5 4.4 2.9 0.4 0.5
Sedatives1 0.3 0.3 1.6 1.4 2.3 1.2 0.2 0.2
Opioids1 2.1 2.3 6.3 6.2 7.7 7.6 1.7 1.9
Central Nervous System Stimulants1 1.5 1.7 5.6 5.7 6.7 6.7 1.2 1.3
ALCOHOL 11.3 11.2 22.4 22.6 25.2 23.7 10.3 10.1
BOTH DRUGS AND ALCOHOL1 2.7 3.0 9.9 11.0 11.3 12.4 2.1 2.2
DRUGS ONLY (NO ALCOHOL USE DISORDER)1 6.2b 6.9 15.6a 18.9 18.0a 21.5 5.3 5.8
ALCOHOL ONLY (NO DRUG USE DISORDER)1 8.6 8.2 12.5 11.7 13.8 11.3 8.2 7.9
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER1 82.5 81.9 62.0 58.5 56.8 54.8 84.4 84.1
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.60A – Overall Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 to 25; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Substance Use Disorder Status Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2022)
TOTAL POPULATION 33,458 34,786 11,536 12,583 4,012 4,031 7,523b 8,551 21,923 22,203
DRUGS OR ALCOHOL2 8,764b 9,669 4,626a 5,270 1,900 2,078 2,726a 3,191 4,138 4,399
DRUGS2 5,569b 6,482 3,197b 3,862 1,359 1,599 1,838a 2,262 2,371 2,621
Marijuana 4,918b 5,740 2,770b 3,335 1,158 1,363 1,612a 1,972 2,149 2,405
Cocaine 267 268 182 192 82 61 100 131 85 76
Heroin 67 35 57 24 19 12 37 11 10 11
Hallucinogens 202 228 149 186 48 75 101 111 53 42
Inhalants 90 91 70 57 41 17 30 40 20 34
Methamphetamine 121 84 64 64 37 30 27 34 57 20
Prescription Psychotherapeutics2 910 945 619 752 312 369 307 383 291 193
Pain Relievers2 417 410 291 300 144 140 147 160 126 110
Stimulants2 390 476 275 396 120 191 155 205 116 80
Tranquilizers or Sedatives2 307 290 223 239 139 139 85 101 84 50
Tranquilizers2 251 236 204 189 129 114 75 75 47 46
Sedatives2 108 81 62 76 27 45 35 31 46a 4
Opioids2 444 424 310 308 152 143 158 165 134 116
Central Nervous System Stimulants2 647 755 420a 586 187 239 233 346 227 170
ALCOHOL 5,181a 5,689 2,711 3,051 1,131 1,187 1,581 1,864 2,470 2,638
BOTH DRUGS AND ALCOHOL2 1,986b 2,502 1,282b 1,643 590 708 692a 935 704 859
DRUGS ONLY (NO ALCOHOL USE DISORDER)2 3,583 3,980 1,915 2,218 769 892 1,146 1,327 1,668 1,761
ALCOHOL ONLY (NO DRUG USE DISORDER)2 3,195 3,186 1,429 1,408 540 479 888 929 1,767 1,778
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER2 24,694 25,118 6,910 7,313 2,113 1,953 4,797a 5,360 17,785 17,804
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
2 Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.60B – Overall Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 to 25; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Substance Use Disorder Status Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2022)
TOTAL POPULATION 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
DRUGS OR ALCOHOL2 26.2 27.8 40.1 41.9 47.3 51.6 36.2 37.3 18.9 19.8
DRUGS2 16.6b 18.6 27.7a 30.7 33.9a 39.7 24.4 26.5 10.8 11.8
Marijuana 14.7a 16.5 24.0 26.5 28.9 33.8 21.4 23.1 9.8 10.8
Cocaine 0.8 0.8 1.6 1.5 2.0 1.5 1.3 1.5 0.4 0.3
Heroin 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.0
Hallucinogens 0.6 0.7 1.3 1.5 1.2 1.9 1.3 1.3 0.2 0.2
Inhalants 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.5 1.0 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.2
Methamphetamine 0.4 0.2 0.6 0.5 0.9 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.1
Prescription Psychotherapeutics2 2.7 2.7 5.4 6.0 7.8 9.2 4.1 4.5 1.3 0.9
Pain Relievers2 1.2 1.2 2.5 2.4 3.6 3.5 2.0 1.9 0.6 0.5
Stimulants2 1.2 1.4 2.4 3.1 3.0 4.7 2.1 2.4 0.5 0.4
Tranquilizers or Sedatives2 0.9 0.8 1.9 1.9 3.5 3.4 1.1 1.2 0.4 0.2
Tranquilizers2 0.7 0.7 1.8 1.5 3.2 2.8 1.0 0.9 0.2 0.2
Sedatives2 0.3 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.1 0.5 0.4 0.2a 0.0
Opioids2 1.3 1.2 2.7 2.4 3.8 3.6 2.1 1.9 0.6 0.5
Central Nervous System Stimulants2 1.9 2.2 3.6 4.7 4.7 5.9 3.1 4.1 1.0 0.8
ALCOHOL 15.5 16.4 23.5 24.2 28.2 29.4 21.0 21.8 11.3 11.9
BOTH DRUGS AND ALCOHOL2 5.9b 7.2 11.1 13.1 14.7 17.6 9.2 10.9 3.2 3.9
DRUGS ONLY (NO ALCOHOL USE DISORDER)2 10.7 11.4 16.6 17.6 19.2 22.1 15.2 15.5 7.6 7.9
ALCOHOL ONLY (NO DRUG USE DISORDER)2 9.6 9.2 12.4 11.2 13.5 11.9 11.8 10.9 8.1 8.0
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER2 73.8 72.2 59.9 58.1 52.7 48.4 63.8 62.7 81.1 80.2
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
2 Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.61A – Overall Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 to 25; by Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Substance Use Disorder Status Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Had MDE
(2021)		 Had MDE
(2022)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2021)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2022)		 No MDE
(2021)		 No MDE
(2022)
TOTAL POPULATION 33,458 34,786 6,442 6,990 4,603 5,109 27,016 27,796
DRUGS OR ALCOHOL1 8,764b 9,669 2,517b 3,082 1,906b 2,458 6,247 6,586
DRUGS1 5,569b 6,482 1,796b 2,293 1,352b 1,865 3,773 4,189
Marijuana 4,918b 5,740 1,566a 1,967 1,141b 1,588 3,353 3,773
Cocaine 267 268 126 77 103 49 141 191
Heroin 67 35 31 12 31 12 36 22
Hallucinogens 202 228 92 79 76 74 110 149
Inhalants 90 91 43 32 25 32 47 59
Methamphetamine 121 84 44 31 35 31 78 53
Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 910 945 343 437 302 377 567 508
Pain Relievers1 417 410 164 169 142 139 253 242
Stimulants1 390 476 155 208 131 175 235 267
Tranquilizers or Sedatives1 307 290 137 164 123 155 170 126
Tranquilizers1 251 236 129 135 115 126 122 101
Sedatives1 108 81 31 51 31 50 77 30
Opioids1 444 424 174 171 152 142 270 253
Central Nervous System Stimulants1 647 755 238 287 197 234 408 468
ALCOHOL 5,181a 5,689 1,500a 1,823 1,142 1,415 3,681 3,865
BOTH DRUGS AND ALCOHOL1 1,986b 2,502 780a 1,034 588a 822 1,206a 1,468
DRUGS ONLY (NO ALCOHOL USE DISORDER)1 3,583 3,980 1,016a 1,259 764a 1,042 2,567 2,721
ALCOHOL ONLY (NO DRUG USE DISORDER)1 3,195 3,186 720 789 554 593 2,475 2,397
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER1 24,694 25,118 3,926 3,907 2,697 2,652 20,769 21,210
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.61B – Overall Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 to 25; by Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Substance Use Disorder Status Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Had MDE
(2021)		 Had MDE
(2022)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2021)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2022)		 No MDE
(2021)		 No MDE
(2022)
TOTAL POPULATION 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
DRUGS OR ALCOHOL1 26.2 27.8 39.1a 44.1 41.4a 48.1 23.1 23.7
DRUGS1 16.6b 18.6 27.9a 32.8 29.4b 36.5 14.0 15.1
Marijuana 14.7a 16.5 24.3 28.1 24.8a 31.1 12.4 13.6
Cocaine 0.8 0.8 2.0 1.1 2.2 1.0 0.5 0.7
Heroin 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.7 0.2 0.1 0.1
Hallucinogens 0.6 0.7 1.4 1.1 1.7 1.4 0.4 0.5
Inhalants 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.2 0.2
Methamphetamine 0.4 0.2 0.7 0.4 0.8 0.6 0.3 0.2
Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 2.7 2.7 5.3 6.3 6.6 7.4 2.1 1.8
Pain Relievers1 1.2 1.2 2.5 2.4 3.1 2.7 0.9 0.9
Stimulants1 1.2 1.4 2.4 3.0 2.9 3.4 0.9 1.0
Tranquilizers or Sedatives1 0.9 0.8 2.1 2.3 2.7 3.0 0.6 0.5
Tranquilizers1 0.7 0.7 2.0 1.9 2.5 2.5 0.5 0.4
Sedatives1 0.3 0.2 0.5 0.7 0.7 1.0 0.3 0.1
Opioids1 1.3 1.2 2.7 2.5 3.3 2.8 1.0 0.9
Central Nervous System Stimulants1 1.9 2.2 3.7 4.1 4.3 4.6 1.5 1.7
ALCOHOL 15.5 16.4 23.3 26.1 24.8 27.7 13.6 13.9
BOTH DRUGS AND ALCOHOL1 5.9b 7.2 12.1 14.8 12.8 16.1 4.5 5.3
DRUGS ONLY (NO ALCOHOL USE DISORDER)1 10.7 11.4 15.8 18.0 16.6 20.4 9.5 9.8
ALCOHOL ONLY (NO DRUG USE DISORDER)1 9.6 9.2 11.2 11.3 12.0 11.6 9.2 8.6
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER1 73.8 72.2 60.9a 55.9 58.6a 51.9 76.9 76.3
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.62A – Overall Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year: Among People Aged 26 or Older; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Substance Use Disorder Status Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2022)
TOTAL POPULATION 220,366 221,495 46,916 46,703 10,513 11,329 36,402 35,374 173,451 174,792
DRUGS OR ALCOHOL2 35,619 36,825 15,066 16,274 4,656 5,332 10,410 10,942 20,553 20,551
DRUGS2 17,002a 18,935 9,136b 10,642 3,251a 3,988 5,885 6,654 7,866 8,293
Marijuana 10,395a 11,928 5,295b 6,502 1,721b 2,404 3,575 4,098 5,100 5,426
Cocaine 1,164 1,161 782 726 265 325 518 401 382 435
Heroin 921 864 693 583 128 234 565 349 228 281
Hallucinogens 255 286 213 251 121 75 92 176 41 35
Inhalants 168 171 124 155 22 25 102 130 45 16
Methamphetamine 1,483 1,734 1,034 1,087 415 481 618 606 450 647
Prescription Psychotherapeutics2 5,950 6,742 3,637 4,112 1,432 1,653 2,205 2,460 2,313 2,629
Pain Relievers2 4,328 4,902 2,513 2,892 933 1,056 1,580 1,836 1,815 2,010
Stimulants2 876 1,093 658 796 281 347 376 449 218 297
Tranquilizers or Sedatives2 1,803 1,931 1,380 1,361 707 630 673 731 422 570
Tranquilizers2 1,356 1,495 1,071 1,026 583 476 488 551 286 468
Sedatives2 771 688 563 533 279 271 284 262 208 155
Opioids2 4,864 5,427 2,839 3,218 961 1,186 1,878 2,033 2,025 2,209
Central Nervous System Stimulants2 3,285 3,492 2,250 2,288 883 986 1,367 1,302 1,035 1,204
ALCOHOL 23,587 23,099 8,982 9,094 2,668 2,637 6,313 6,457 14,606 14,005
BOTH DRUGS AND ALCOHOL2 4,970 5,209 3,051 3,462 1,263 1,293 1,788 2,169 1,919 1,747
DRUGS ONLY (NO ALCOHOL USE DISORDER)2 12,032b 13,726 6,085a 7,180 1,988b 2,695 4,097 4,485 5,947 6,546
ALCOHOL ONLY (NO DRUG USE DISORDER)2 18,617 17,890 5,930 5,632 1,405 1,344 4,525 4,288 12,687 12,259
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER2 184,747 184,670 31,849 30,429 5,857 5,997 25,992 24,432 152,898 154,241
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
2 Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.62B – Overall Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year: Among People Aged 26 or Older; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Substance Use Disorder Status Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2022)
TOTAL POPULATION 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
DRUGS OR ALCOHOL2 16.2 16.6 32.1a 34.8 44.3 47.1 28.6 30.9 11.8 11.8
DRUGS2 7.7a 8.5 19.5b 22.8 30.9 35.2 16.2a 18.8 4.5 4.7
Marijuana 4.7a 5.4 11.3b 13.9 16.4a 21.2 9.8a 11.6 2.9 3.1
Cocaine 0.5 0.5 1.7 1.6 2.5 2.9 1.4 1.1 0.2 0.2
Heroin 0.4 0.4 1.5 1.2 1.2 2.1 1.6 1.0 0.1 0.2
Hallucinogens 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.5 1.2 0.7 0.3 0.5 0.0 0.0
Inhalants 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.0
Methamphetamine 0.7 0.8 2.2 2.3 3.9 4.2 1.7 1.7 0.3 0.4
Prescription Psychotherapeutics2 2.7 3.0 7.8 8.8 13.6 14.6 6.1 7.0 1.3 1.5
Pain Relievers2 2.0 2.2 5.4 6.2 8.9 9.3 4.3 5.2 1.0 1.1
Stimulants2 0.4 0.5 1.4 1.7 2.7 3.1 1.0 1.3 0.1 0.2
Tranquilizers or Sedatives2 0.8 0.9 2.9 2.9 6.7 5.6 1.8 2.1 0.2 0.3
Tranquilizers2 0.6 0.7 2.3 2.2 5.5 4.2 1.3 1.6 0.2 0.3
Sedatives2 0.3 0.3 1.2 1.1 2.7 2.4 0.8 0.7 0.1 0.1
Opioids2 2.2 2.5 6.1 6.9 9.1 10.5 5.2 5.7 1.2 1.3
Central Nervous System Stimulants2 1.5 1.6 4.8 4.9 8.4 8.7 3.8 3.7 0.6 0.7
ALCOHOL 10.7 10.4 19.1 19.5 25.4 23.3 17.3 18.3 8.4 8.0
BOTH DRUGS AND ALCOHOL2 2.3 2.4 6.5 7.4 12.0 11.4 4.9 6.1 1.1 1.0
DRUGS ONLY (NO ALCOHOL USE DISORDER)2 5.5a 6.2 13.0b 15.4 18.9a 23.8 11.3 12.7 3.4 3.7
ALCOHOL ONLY (NO DRUG USE DISORDER)2 8.4 8.1 12.6 12.1 13.4 11.9 12.4 12.1 7.3 7.0
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER2 83.8 83.4 67.9a 65.2 55.7 52.9 71.4 69.1 88.2 88.2
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
2 Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.63A – Overall Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year: Among People Aged 26 or Older; by Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Substance Use Disorder Status Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Had MDE
(2021)		 Had MDE
(2022)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2021)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2022)		 No MDE
(2021)		 No MDE
(2022)
TOTAL POPULATION 220,366 221,495 15,111 15,485 10,286 10,764 205,256 206,011
DRUGS OR ALCOHOL1 35,619 36,825 5,670 6,255 4,520 4,717 29,949 30,570
DRUGS1 17,002a 18,935 3,703a 4,420 3,016 3,520 13,299 14,515
Marijuana 10,395a 11,928 2,007a 2,673 1,577a 2,094 8,388 9,255
Cocaine 1,164 1,161 301 319 280 246 863 842
Heroin 921 864 195 204 175 174 726 660
Hallucinogens 255 286 92 83 79 72 163 203
Inhalants 168 171 43 58 43 45 125 113
Methamphetamine 1,483 1,734 409 454 333 396 1,074 1,280
Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 5,950 6,742 1,674 1,709 1,422 1,427 4,276 5,033
Pain Relievers1 4,328 4,902 1,142 1,094 969 949 3,186 3,807
Stimulants1 876 1,093 377 331 317 296 499a 762
Tranquilizers or Sedatives1 1,803 1,931 728 608 687a 418 1,075 1,323
Tranquilizers1 1,356 1,495 575 435 546 329 782 1,060
Sedatives1 771 688 324 261 312 142 447 427
Opioids1 4,864 5,427 1,176 1,232 997 1,064 3,688 4,195
Central Nervous System Stimulants1 3,285 3,492 958 997 806 836 2,327 2,496
ALCOHOL 23,587 23,099 3,330 3,264 2,604 2,345 20,257 19,836
BOTH DRUGS AND ALCOHOL1 4,970 5,209 1,363 1,429 1,101 1,148 3,607 3,781
DRUGS ONLY (NO ALCOHOL USE DISORDER)1 12,032b 13,726 2,340a 2,991 1,916 2,373 9,692 10,734
ALCOHOL ONLY (NO DRUG USE DISORDER)1 18,617 17,890 1,967 1,835 1,504 1,197 16,650 16,055
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER1 184,747 184,670 9,440 9,230 5,766 6,046 175,307 175,440
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.63B – Overall Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year: Among People Aged 26 or Older; by Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Substance Use Disorder Status Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Had MDE
(2021)		 Had MDE
(2022)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2021)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2022)		 No MDE
(2021)		 No MDE
(2022)
TOTAL POPULATION 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
DRUGS OR ALCOHOL1 16.2 16.6 37.5 40.4 43.9 43.8 14.6 14.8
DRUGS1 7.7a 8.5 24.5a 28.5 29.3 32.7 6.5 7.0
Marijuana 4.7a 5.4 13.3a 17.3 15.3a 19.5 4.1 4.5
Cocaine 0.5 0.5 2.0 2.1 2.7 2.3 0.4 0.4
Heroin 0.4 0.4 1.3 1.3 1.7 1.6 0.4 0.3
Hallucinogens 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.1 0.1
Inhalants 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.1
Methamphetamine 0.7 0.8 2.7 2.9 3.2 3.7 0.5 0.6
Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 2.7 3.0 11.1 11.0 13.8 13.3 2.1 2.4
Pain Relievers1 2.0 2.2 7.6 7.1 9.4 8.8 1.6 1.8
Stimulants1 0.4 0.5 2.5 2.1 3.1 2.8 0.2a 0.4
Tranquilizers or Sedatives1 0.8 0.9 4.8 3.9 6.7a 3.9 0.5 0.6
Tranquilizers1 0.6 0.7 3.8 2.8 5.3a 3.1 0.4 0.5
Sedatives1 0.3 0.3 2.1 1.7 3.0a 1.3 0.2 0.2
Opioids1 2.2 2.5 7.8 8.0 9.7 9.9 1.8 2.0
Central Nervous System Stimulants1 1.5 1.6 6.3 6.4 7.8 7.8 1.1 1.2
ALCOHOL 10.7 10.4 22.0 21.1 25.3 21.8 9.9 9.6
BOTH DRUGS AND ALCOHOL1 2.3 2.4 9.0 9.2 10.7 10.7 1.8 1.8
DRUGS ONLY (NO ALCOHOL USE DISORDER)1 5.5a 6.2 15.5a 19.3 18.6 22.0 4.7 5.2
ALCOHOL ONLY (NO DRUG USE DISORDER)1 8.4 8.1 13.0 11.8 14.6 11.1 8.1 7.8
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER1 83.8 83.4 62.5 59.6 56.1 56.2 85.4 85.2
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.64A – Overall Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year: Among People Aged 26 to 49; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Substance Use Disorder Status Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2022)
TOTAL POPULATION 102,313 102,568 29,150 30,160 7,448 7,809 21,702 22,351 73,163 72,408
DRUGS OR ALCOHOL2 22,206 23,186 10,616 11,669 3,449 3,827 7,167 7,842 11,590 11,517
DRUGS2 11,289a 12,597 6,555a 7,471 2,462 2,732 4,094 4,740 4,734 5,125
Marijuana 8,191a 9,269 4,429a 5,307 1,555 1,880 2,874 3,427 3,762 3,963
Cocaine 710 779 516 516 193 170 323 346 195 263
Heroin 537 668 429 477 89 181 340 296 108 191
Hallucinogens 165 222 136 187 77 63 60 124 29 35
Inhalants 150 136 106 120 22 25 85 95 44 16
Methamphetamine 1,088 1,197 820 798 341 345 479 453 269 400
Prescription Psychotherapeutics2 2,828 3,336 2,033 2,264 892 974 1,141 1,290 796 1,072
Pain Relievers2 1,851 2,086 1,296 1,411 570 557 726 853 554 675
Stimulants2 718 862 546 587 271 281 275 306 171 275
Tranquilizers or Sedatives2 1,002 1,046 858 762 413 359 445 403 144 284
Tranquilizers2 835 823 725 562 351 286 374 276 110 261
Sedatives2 312 383 278 316 118 140 160 176 34 67
Opioids2 2,192 2,481 1,547 1,690 598 674 948 1,016 646 791
Central Nervous System Stimulants2 2,281 2,454 1,660 1,650 727 683 933 967 620 804
ALCOHOL 14,691 14,618 6,377 6,926 1,975 2,008 4,402 4,918 8,314 7,692
BOTH DRUGS AND ALCOHOL2 3,774 4,029 2,316 2,728 988 913 1,328a 1,816 1,458 1,301
DRUGS ONLY (NO ALCOHOL USE DISORDER)2 7,515a 8,568 4,239 4,743 1,474 1,819 2,765 2,924 3,276 3,825
ALCOHOL ONLY (NO DRUG USE DISORDER)2 10,917 10,589 4,061 4,198 987 1,096 3,074 3,102 6,856 6,391
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER2 80,107 79,382 18,534 18,491 3,999 3,982 14,535 14,509 61,573 60,891
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
2 Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.64B – Overall Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year: Among People Aged 26 to 49; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Substance Use Disorder Status Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2022)
TOTAL POPULATION 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
DRUGS OR ALCOHOL2 21.7 22.6 36.4 38.7 46.3 49.0 33.0 35.1 15.8 15.9
DRUGS2 11.0a 12.3 22.5 24.8 33.1 35.0 18.9 21.2 6.5 7.1
Marijuana 8.0a 9.0 15.2a 17.6 20.9 24.1 13.2 15.3 5.1 5.5
Cocaine 0.7 0.8 1.8 1.7 2.6 2.2 1.5 1.5 0.3 0.4
Heroin 0.5 0.7 1.5 1.6 1.2 2.3 1.6 1.3 0.1 0.3
Hallucinogens 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.6 1.0 0.8 0.3 0.6 0.0 0.0
Inhalants 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.0
Methamphetamine 1.1 1.2 2.8 2.6 4.6 4.4 2.2 2.0 0.4 0.6
Prescription Psychotherapeutics2 2.8 3.3 7.0 7.5 12.0 12.5 5.3 5.8 1.1 1.5
Pain Relievers2 1.8 2.0 4.4 4.7 7.7 7.1 3.3 3.8 0.8 0.9
Stimulants2 0.7 0.8 1.9 1.9 3.6 3.6 1.3 1.4 0.2 0.4
Tranquilizers or Sedatives2 1.0 1.0 2.9 2.5 5.5 4.6 2.1 1.8 0.2 0.4
Tranquilizers2 0.8 0.8 2.5 1.9 4.7 3.7 1.7 1.2 0.2a 0.4
Sedatives2 0.3 0.4 1.0 1.0 1.6 1.8 0.7 0.8 0.0 0.1
Opioids2 2.1 2.4 5.3 5.6 8.0 8.6 4.4 4.5 0.9 1.1
Central Nervous System Stimulants2 2.2 2.4 5.7 5.5 9.8 8.7 4.3 4.3 0.8 1.1
ALCOHOL 14.4 14.3 21.9 23.0 26.5 25.7 20.3 22.0 11.4 10.6
BOTH DRUGS AND ALCOHOL2 3.7 3.9 7.9 9.0 13.3 11.7 6.1a 8.1 2.0 1.8
DRUGS ONLY (NO ALCOHOL USE DISORDER)2 7.3a 8.4 14.5 15.7 19.8 23.3 12.7 13.1 4.5a 5.3
ALCOHOL ONLY (NO DRUG USE DISORDER)2 10.7 10.3 13.9 13.9 13.3 14.0 14.2 13.9 9.4 8.8
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER2 78.3 77.4 63.6 61.3 53.7 51.0 67.0 64.9 84.2 84.1
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
2 Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.65A – Overall Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year: Among People Aged 26 to 49; by Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Substance Use Disorder Status Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Had MDE
(2021)		 Had MDE
(2022)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2021)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2022)		 No MDE
(2021)		 No MDE
(2022)
TOTAL POPULATION 102,313 102,568 9,810 9,975 6,792 7,068 92,504 92,593
DRUGS OR ALCOHOL1 22,206 23,186 4,158 4,260 3,283 3,200 18,048 18,926
DRUGS1 11,289a 12,597 2,793 2,875 2,236 2,285 8,496a 9,722
Marijuana 8,191a 9,269 1,744 2,024 1,362 1,554 6,447 7,245
Cocaine 710 779 193 184 172 150 517 595
Heroin 537 668 131 167 114 141 405 501
Hallucinogens 165 222 92 71 79 71 73 151
Inhalants 150 136 40 58 40 45 110 78
Methamphetamine 1,088 1,197 369 287 309 258 719 911
Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 2,828 3,336 1,079 933 902 804 1,750b 2,403
Pain Relievers1 1,851 2,086 703 522 604 460 1,148a 1,564
Stimulants1 718 862 362 277 302 254 356a 585
Tranquilizers or Sedatives1 1,002 1,046 472 322 452a 245 530 724
Tranquilizers1 835 823 383 250 370 213 452 572
Sedatives1 312 383 164 128 157 76 148 255
Opioids1 2,192 2,481 737 647 630 561 1,455 1,834
Central Nervous System Stimulants1 2,281 2,454 797 672 662 592 1,483 1,781
ALCOHOL 14,691 14,618 2,482 2,403 1,938 1,729 12,209 12,216
BOTH DRUGS AND ALCOHOL1 3,774 4,029 1,118 1,018 891 813 2,657 3,011
DRUGS ONLY (NO ALCOHOL USE DISORDER)1 7,515a 8,568 1,676 1,857 1,345 1,472 5,839a 6,711
ALCOHOL ONLY (NO DRUG USE DISORDER)1 10,917 10,589 1,365 1,385 1,047 916 9,552 9,205
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER1 80,107 79,382 5,651 5,715 3,509 3,868 74,456 73,667
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.65B – Overall Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year: Among People Aged 26 to 49; by Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Substance Use Disorder Status Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Had MDE
(2021)		 Had MDE
(2022)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2021)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2022)		 No MDE
(2021)		 No MDE
(2022)
TOTAL POPULATION 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
DRUGS OR ALCOHOL1 21.7 22.6 42.4 42.7 48.3 45.3 19.5 20.4
DRUGS1 11.0a 12.3 28.5 28.8 32.9 32.3 9.2a 10.5
Marijuana 8.0a 9.0 17.8 20.3 20.0 22.0 7.0 7.8
Cocaine 0.7 0.8 2.0 1.8 2.5 2.1 0.6 0.6
Heroin 0.5 0.7 1.3 1.7 1.7 2.0 0.4 0.5
Hallucinogens 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.7 1.2 1.0 0.1 0.2
Inhalants 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.1 0.1
Methamphetamine 1.1 1.2 3.8 2.9 4.5 3.7 0.8 1.0
Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 2.8 3.3 11.0 9.4 13.3 11.4 1.9b 2.6
Pain Relievers1 1.8 2.0 7.2 5.2 8.9 6.5 1.2a 1.7
Stimulants1 0.7 0.8 3.7 2.8 4.5 3.6 0.4a 0.6
Tranquilizers or Sedatives1 1.0 1.0 4.8 3.2 6.6b 3.5 0.6 0.8
Tranquilizers1 0.8 0.8 3.9 2.5 5.4 3.0 0.5 0.6
Sedatives1 0.3 0.4 1.7 1.3 2.3 1.1 0.2 0.3
Opioids1 2.1 2.4 7.5 6.5 9.3 7.9 1.6 2.0
Central Nervous System Stimulants1 2.2 2.4 8.1 6.7 9.7 8.4 1.6 1.9
ALCOHOL 14.4 14.3 25.3 24.1 28.5 24.5 13.2 13.2
BOTH DRUGS AND ALCOHOL1 3.7 3.9 11.4 10.2 13.1 11.5 2.9 3.3
DRUGS ONLY (NO ALCOHOL USE DISORDER)1 7.3a 8.4 17.1 18.6 19.8 20.8 6.3a 7.2
ALCOHOL ONLY (NO DRUG USE DISORDER)1 10.7 10.3 13.9 13.9 15.4 13.0 10.3 9.9
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER1 78.3 77.4 57.6 57.3 51.7 54.7 80.5 79.6
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.66A – Overall Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year: Among People Aged 50 or Older; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Substance Use Disorder Status Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2022)
TOTAL POPULATION 118,053 118,927 17,765 16,543 3,066 3,520 14,700 13,023 100,287 102,384
DRUGS OR ALCOHOL2 13,413 13,639 4,450 4,605 1,208 1,504 3,243 3,100 8,963 9,034
DRUGS2 5,713 6,338 2,581 3,171 789a 1,256 1,791 1,914 3,132 3,167
Marijuana 2,204 2,659 866 1,196 165a 524 700 671 1,338 1,463
Cocaine 454 382 267 210 72 155 195 55 187 172
Heroin 385 196 264 106 * 53 224 53 121 90
Hallucinogens 89 63 77 63 * 12 32 52 13 *
Inhalants 18 35 17 35 * * 17 35 * *
Methamphetamine 395 536 214 289 75 137 139 153 181 247
Prescription Psychotherapeutics2 3,122 3,406 1,604 1,848 540 678 1,064 1,170 1,518 1,558
Pain Relievers2 2,477 2,815 1,217 1,481 363 499 854 982 1,261 1,334
Stimulants2 158 231 111 209 10 66 101 142 47 22
Tranquilizers or Sedatives2 800 885 522 599 294 270 228 328 278 287
Tranquilizers2 521 672 346 464 232 190 114 275 175 207
Sedatives2 459 305 286 217 161 131 124 86 173 88
Opioids2 2,672 2,947 1,293 1,529 363 512 930 1,017 1,379 1,418
Central Nervous System Stimulants2 1,004 1,039 589 638 156 303 434 335 415 401
ALCOHOL 8,896 8,481 2,605 2,168 694 628 1,911 1,539 6,292 6,313
BOTH DRUGS AND ALCOHOL2 1,196 1,180 735 734 275 380 460 354 461 446
DRUGS ONLY (NO ALCOHOL USE DISORDER)2 4,517 5,158 1,846 2,437 514 876 1,332 1,561 2,671 2,721
ALCOHOL ONLY (NO DRUG USE DISORDER)2 7,700 7,301 1,870 1,434 418 248 1,451 1,186 5,830 5,867
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER2 104,640 105,288 13,315 11,938 1,858 2,016 11,457a 9,923 91,325 93,350
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
2 Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.66B – Overall Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year: Among People Aged 50 or Older; by Past Year Level of Mental Illness, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Substance Use Disorder Status Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 Any Mental
Illness
Excluding
Serious Mental
Illness1
(2022)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2021)		 No Mental
Illness1
(2022)
TOTAL POPULATION 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
DRUGS OR ALCOHOL2 11.4 11.5 25.1 27.8 39.4 42.7 22.1 23.8 8.9 8.8
DRUGS2 4.8 5.3 14.5a 19.2 25.7 35.7 12.2 14.7 3.1 3.1
Marijuana 1.9 2.2 4.9 7.2 5.4a 14.9 4.8 5.2 1.3 1.4
Cocaine 0.4 0.3 1.5 1.3 2.3 4.4 1.3 0.4 0.2 0.2
Heroin 0.3 0.2 1.5 0.6 * 1.5 1.5 0.4 0.1 0.1
Hallucinogens 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.4 * 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.0 *
Inhalants 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 * * 0.1 0.3 * *
Methamphetamine 0.3 0.5 1.2 1.7 2.4 3.9 0.9 1.2 0.2 0.2
Prescription Psychotherapeutics2 2.6 2.9 9.0 11.2 17.6 19.3 7.2 9.0 1.5 1.5
Pain Relievers2 2.1 2.4 6.8 9.0 11.8 14.2 5.8 7.5 1.3 1.3
Stimulants2 0.1 0.2 0.6 1.3 0.3 1.9 0.7 1.1 0.0 0.0
Tranquilizers or Sedatives2 0.7 0.7 2.9 3.6 9.6 7.7 1.5 2.5 0.3 0.3
Tranquilizers2 0.4 0.6 1.9 2.8 7.6 5.4 0.8a 2.1 0.2 0.2
Sedatives2 0.4 0.3 1.6 1.3 5.3 3.7 0.8 0.7 0.2 0.1
Opioids2 2.3 2.5 7.3 9.2 11.8 14.5 6.3 7.8 1.4 1.4
Central Nervous System Stimulants2 0.9 0.9 3.3 3.9 5.1 8.6 3.0 2.6 0.4 0.4
ALCOHOL 7.5 7.1 14.7 13.1 22.6 17.9 13.0 11.8 6.3 6.2
BOTH DRUGS AND ALCOHOL2 1.0 1.0 4.1 4.4 9.0 10.8 3.1 2.7 0.5 0.4
DRUGS ONLY (NO ALCOHOL USE DISORDER)2 3.8 4.3 10.4a 14.7 16.8 24.9 9.1 12.0 2.7 2.7
ALCOHOL ONLY (NO DRUG USE DISORDER)2 6.5 6.1 10.5 8.7 13.6 7.0 9.9 9.1 5.8 5.7
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER2 88.6 88.5 74.9 72.2 60.6 57.3 77.9 76.2 91.1 91.2
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
2 Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.67A – Overall Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year: Among People Aged 50 or Older; by Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Substance Use Disorder Status Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)		 Had MDE
(2021)		 Had MDE
(2022)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2021)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2022)		 No MDE
(2021)		 No MDE
(2022)
TOTAL POPULATION 118,053 118,927 5,301 5,510 3,494 3,695 112,752 113,417
DRUGS OR ALCOHOL1 13,413 13,639 1,512 1,995 1,237 1,517 11,901 11,644
DRUGS1 5,713 6,338 910a 1,545 780 1,235 4,803 4,793
Marijuana 2,204 2,659 263a 650 215a 540 1,941 2,009
Cocaine 454 382 108 135 108 96 346 247
Heroin 385 196 * 37 * 33 321 159
Hallucinogens 89 63 * 12 * 1 89 52
Inhalants 18 35 3 * 3 * 14 35
Methamphetamine 395 536 41 167 24 137 354 369
Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 3,122 3,406 595 776 520 623 2,526 2,630
Pain Relievers1 2,477 2,815 438 572 365 489 2,039 2,244
Stimulants1 158 231 15 54 15 42 143 177
Tranquilizers or Sedatives1 800 885 255 286 236 173 545 600
Tranquilizers1 521 672 192 184 177 116 329 488
Sedatives1 459 305 160 133 155 66 299 172
Opioids1 2,672 2,947 440 585 366 502 2,232 2,362
Central Nervous System Stimulants1 1,004 1,039 161 324 144 243 843 714
ALCOHOL 8,896 8,481 848 861 667 616 8,048 7,620
BOTH DRUGS AND ALCOHOL1 1,196 1,180 245 410 210 335 951 770
DRUGS ONLY (NO ALCOHOL USE DISORDER)1 4,517 5,158 664a 1,134 570 901 3,853 4,024
ALCOHOL ONLY (NO DRUG USE DISORDER)1 7,700 7,301 602 450 457 281 7,098 6,851
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER1 104,640 105,288 3,789 3,514 2,257 2,178 100,851 101,773
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.67B – Overall Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year: Among People Aged 50 or Older; by Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Substance Use Disorder Status Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)		 Had MDE
(2021)		 Had MDE
(2022)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2021)		 Had MDE with
Severe Impairment
(2022)		 No MDE
(2021)		 No MDE
(2022)
TOTAL POPULATION 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
DRUGS OR ALCOHOL1 11.4 11.5 28.5 36.2 35.4 41.0 10.6 10.3
DRUGS1 4.8 5.3 17.2b 28.0 22.3a 33.4 4.3 4.2
Marijuana 1.9 2.2 5.0a 11.8 6.2a 14.6 1.7 1.8
Cocaine 0.4 0.3 2.0 2.5 3.1 2.6 0.3 0.2
Heroin 0.3 0.2 * 0.7 * 0.9 0.3 0.1
Hallucinogens 0.1 0.1 * 0.2 * 0.0 0.1 0.0
Inhalants 0.0 0.0 0.1 * 0.1 * 0.0 0.0
Methamphetamine 0.3 0.5 0.8 3.0 0.7 3.7 0.3 0.3
Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 2.6 2.9 11.2 14.1 14.9 16.9 2.2 2.3
Pain Relievers1 2.1 2.4 8.3 10.4 10.5 13.2 1.8 2.0
Stimulants1 0.1 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.4 1.1 0.1 0.2
Tranquilizers or Sedatives1 0.7 0.7 4.8 5.2 6.8 4.7 0.5 0.5
Tranquilizers1 0.4 0.6 3.6 3.3 5.1 3.1 0.3 0.4
Sedatives1 0.4 0.3 3.0 2.4 4.4 1.8 0.3 0.2
Opioids1 2.3 2.5 8.3 10.6 10.5 13.6 2.0 2.1
Central Nervous System Stimulants1 0.9 0.9 3.0 5.9 4.1 6.6 0.7 0.6
ALCOHOL 7.5 7.1 16.0 15.6 19.1 16.7 7.1 6.7
BOTH DRUGS AND ALCOHOL1 1.0 1.0 4.6 7.4 6.0 9.1 0.8 0.7
DRUGS ONLY (NO ALCOHOL USE DISORDER)1 3.8 4.3 12.5a 20.6 16.3 24.4 3.4 3.5
ALCOHOL ONLY (NO DRUG USE DISORDER)1 6.5 6.1 11.4 8.2 13.1 7.6 6.3 6.0
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER1 88.6 88.5 71.5 63.8 64.6 59.0 89.4 89.7
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.68A – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide, Made Any Suicide Plans, and Attempted Suicide in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Detailed Age Category, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Age Category Had Serious
Thoughts of
Suicide
(2021)		 Had Serious
Thoughts of
Suicide
(2022)		 Made Any Suicide
Plans
(2021)		 Made Any Suicide
Plans
(2022)		 Attempted Suicide
(2021)		 Attempted Suicide
(2022)
TOTAL 12,521 13,200 3,624 3,753 1,811 1,623
18-25 4,497 4,746 1,737 1,714 947 728
18-20 1,863 1,958 846 788 494a 329
21-25 2,634 2,788 892 926 453 399
26 or Older 8,024 8,453 1,886 2,040 864 895
26-49 5,629 5,629 1,482 1,372 676 485
26-29 1,539 1,403 296 383 177 178
30-34 1,415 1,502 305 416 109 150
35-39 1,163 1,173 334 219 121 50
40-44 807 933 307 228 125 75
45-49 705 619 240 126 144a 32
50 or Older 2,395 2,824 405 667 188 410
50-54 746 687 77 111 37 101
55-59 425a 780 84a 269 10a 92
60-64 464 703 146 141 25 146
65 or Older 761 654 98 146 116 70
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.68B – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide, Made Any Suicide Plans, and Attempted Suicide in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Detailed Age Category, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Age Category Had Serious
Thoughts of
Suicide
(2021)		 Had Serious
Thoughts of
Suicide
(2022)		 Made Any Suicide
Plans
(2021)		 Made Any Suicide
Plans
(2022)		 Attempted Suicide
(2021)		 Attempted Suicide
(2022)
TOTAL 4.9 5.2 1.4 1.5 0.7 0.6
18-25 13.4 13.6 5.2 4.9 2.8a 2.1
18-20 14.3 15.1 6.5 6.1 3.8a 2.5
21-25 12.9 12.8 4.4 4.2 2.2 1.8
26 or Older 3.6 3.8 0.9 0.9 0.4 0.4
26-49 5.5 5.5 1.4 1.3 0.7 0.5
26-29 8.8 8.2 1.7 2.2 1.0 1.0
30-34 6.2 6.5 1.3 1.8 0.5 0.6
35-39 5.2 5.3 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.2
40-44 4.0 4.5 1.5 1.1 0.6 0.4
45-49 3.6 3.2 1.2 0.6 0.7a 0.2
50 or Older 2.0 2.4 0.3 0.6 0.2 0.3
50-54 3.8 3.5 0.4 0.6 0.2 0.5
55-59 2.0a 3.9 0.4a 1.3 0.0a 0.5
60-64 2.1 3.1 0.7 0.6 0.1 0.6
65 or Older 1.4 1.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.69A – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 12,521 13,200 4,497 4,746 8,024 8,453 5,629 5,629 2,395 2,824
GENDER                    
Male 5,572 6,269 1,735a 2,101 3,837 4,168 2,746 2,867 1,091 1,301
Female 6,949 6,930 2,762 2,645 4,188 4,285 2,883 2,762 1,304 1,523
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino 10,408 11,151 3,489 3,802 6,919 7,349 4,839 4,753 2,081 2,596
AIAN 133 87 * 46 53 41 43 33 * 8
Asian 379 520 146b 366 233 154 183 127 50 26
Black or African American 1,423 1,702 526 578 897 1,123 705 781 193 342
NHOPI 69 * * * 44 * * * * *
White 8,015 8,290 2,562 2,643 5,452 5,647 3,670 3,545 1,782 2,102
Two or More Races 390 471 150 166 239 304 195 239 44 *
Hispanic or Latino 2,114 2,049 1,008 944 1,105 1,104 791 877 315 228
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time 5,079 5,506 1,677 1,817 3,403 3,689 2,611 3,109 791 580
Part-Time 2,204 2,584 1,222 1,336 983 1,248 785 774 198a 474
Unemployed 1,391b 962 586 422 805a 541 586 459 218 81
Other1 3,846 4,148 1,012 1,172 2,834 2,975 1,647 1,287 1,187 1,688
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.69B – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 4.9 5.2 13.4 13.6 3.6 3.8 5.5 5.5 2.0 2.4
GENDER                    
Male 4.5 5.0 10.4 12.0 3.6 3.9 5.4 5.6 1.9 2.3
Female 5.3 5.3 16.5 15.3 3.7 3.8 5.6 5.4 2.1 2.4
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino 4.9 5.3 13.6 14.3 3.7 4.0 6.0 5.9 2.0 2.5
AIAN 8.1 7.0 * 22.1 4.1 4.0 7.4 5.9 * 1.7
Asian 2.5 3.4 7.5b 16.1 1.8 1.2 2.5 1.7 0.9 0.5
Black or African American 4.6 5.5 11.6 12.4 3.4 4.3 5.3 5.8 1.5 2.7
NHOPI 6.8 * * * 5.3 * * * * *
White 5.1 5.2 14.5 14.5 3.9 4.0 6.4 6.2 2.1 2.5
Two or More Races 8.5 9.3 16.2 16.6 6.6 7.5 9.6 10.9 2.8 *
Hispanic or Latino 4.9 4.6 12.9 11.4 3.1 3.1 3.7 4.1 2.2 1.6
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time 4.4 4.7 13.2 12.9 3.3 3.5 4.1 4.7 2.1 1.5
Part-Time 7.3 7.9 15.0 15.2 4.4 5.2 7.6 6.9 1.7a 3.7
Unemployed 10.6 8.7 18.5a 13.1 8.1 6.9 9.1 9.1 6.3 2.9
Other1 4.0 4.4 10.8a 13.5 3.3 3.5 7.7 6.4 1.8 2.6
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.70A – Made Any Suicide Plans in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 3,624 3,753 1,737 1,714 1,886 2,040 1,482 1,372 405 667
GENDER                    
Male 1,639 1,678 674 717 964 961 752 671 212 290
Female 1,985 2,075 1,063 997 922 1,078 729 701 193a 377
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino 2,881 3,126 1,288 1,366 1,593 1,760 1,201 1,170 392 590
AIAN * 31 * 18 7 12 7 8 * 5
Asian 134 128 56 63 78 65 70 53 8 12
Black or African American 359 542 187 189 172a 353 164 194 8b 159
NHOPI 6 2 * * * 0 * 0 * *
White 2,236 2,276 946 1,013 1,290 1,262 940 863 349 399
Two or More Races 115 148 69 80 47 67 20 52 * 15
Hispanic or Latino 743 627 449 348 293 279 281 202 13 77
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time 1,233 1,385 619 587 614 797 546 689 68 108
Part-Time 655 857 403 499 252 359 250 182 2b 176
Unemployed 527a 348 346a 177 181 170 150 138 31 32
Other1 1,209 1,163 370 450 839 713 535 362 304 351
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.70B – Made Any Suicide Plans in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 1.4 1.5 5.2 4.9 0.9 0.9 1.4 1.3 0.3 0.6
GENDER                    
Male 1.3 1.3 4.0 4.1 0.9 0.9 1.5 1.3 0.4 0.5
Female 1.5 1.6 6.4 5.8 0.8 0.9 1.4 1.4 0.3a 0.6
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino 1.4 1.5 5.0 5.1 0.9 0.9 1.5 1.4 0.4 0.6
AIAN * 2.5 * 8.7 0.5 1.2 1.2 1.4 * 0.9
Asian 0.9 0.8 2.9 2.8 0.6 0.5 0.9 0.7 0.1 0.2
Black or African American 1.2 1.8 4.1 4.1 0.7a 1.3 1.2 1.4 0.1b 1.2
NHOPI 0.6 0.1 * * * 0.0 * 0.0 * *
White 1.4 1.4 5.3 5.6 0.9 0.9 1.6 1.5 0.4 0.5
Two or More Races 2.5 2.9 7.4 8.0 1.3 1.7 1.0 2.4 * 0.8
Hispanic or Latino 1.7 1.4 5.7 4.2 0.8 0.8 1.3 0.9 0.1 0.5
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time 1.1 1.2 4.9 4.2 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.0 0.2 0.3
Part-Time 2.2 2.6 4.9 5.7 1.1 1.5 2.4 1.6 0.0b 1.4
Unemployed 4.0 3.2 10.9b 5.5 1.8 2.2 2.3 2.7 0.9 1.1
Other1 1.3 1.2 3.9 5.2 1.0 0.8 2.5 1.8 0.5 0.5
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.71A – Attempted Suicide in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 1,811 1,623 947 728 864 895 676 485 188 410
GENDER                    
Male 771 748 327 297 444 451 390 268 54 183
Female 1,040 875 620a 431 420 444 286 217 134 227
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino 1,306 1,377 647 552 659 826 475 426 184 400
AIAN 20 19 * 16 5 3 5 3 * *
Asian 53 36 37 14 16 22 16 15 * 7
Black or African American 294 289 160 117 134 172 132 134 2 38
NHOPI 8 1 * * 1 0 * 0 * *
White 887 956 406 356 481 600 323 245 158 355
Two or More Races 45 76 22 48 * 28 0b 28 * *
Hispanic or Latino 505b 245 300a 176 205a 69 201a 59 4 10
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time 603 468 331 223 272 245 253 219 19 25
Part-Time 308 264 224 167 85 97 85 51 * 46
Unemployed 260 182 161 104 99 79 91 74 8 4
Other1 639 709 231 235 407 474 246 140 161 334
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.71B – Attempted Suicide in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 0.7 0.6 2.8a 2.1 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.2 0.3
GENDER                    
Male 0.6 0.6 2.0 1.7 0.4 0.4 0.8 0.5 0.1 0.3
Female 0.8 0.7 3.7a 2.5 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.4
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino 0.6 0.6 2.5 2.1 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.2 0.4
AIAN 1.2 1.5 * 7.4 0.4 0.3 0.8 0.6 * *
Asian 0.4 0.2 1.9 0.6 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 * 0.1
Black or African American 1.0 0.9 3.5 2.5 0.5 0.7 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.3
NHOPI 0.8 0.1 * * 0.2 0.0 * 0.0 * *
White 0.6 0.6 2.3 1.9 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.4
Two or More Races 1.0 1.5 2.3 4.8 * 0.7 0.0b 1.3 * *
Hispanic or Latino 1.2b 0.6 3.8a 2.1 0.6a 0.2 0.9a 0.3 0.0 0.1
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time 0.5 0.4 2.6a 1.6 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.1
Part-Time 1.0 0.8 2.7 1.9 0.4 0.4 0.8 0.5 * 0.4
Unemployed 2.0 1.7 5.1 3.2 1.0 1.0 1.4 1.5 0.2 0.2
Other1 0.7 0.8 2.5 2.7 0.5 0.6 1.2 0.7 0.2 0.5
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.72A – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 12,521 13,200 4,497 4,746 8,024 8,453 5,629 5,629 2,395 2,824
GEOGRAPHIC REGION                    
Northeast 1,703 2,087 706 720 997 1,367 793 897 204a 470
Midwest 2,874 2,875 1,010 978 1,864 1,897 1,356 1,219 508 678
South 4,649 4,691 1,616 1,744 3,032 2,947 2,198 2,032 834 915
West 3,296 3,546 1,165 1,304 2,131 2,242 1,282 1,482 849 761
COUNTY TYPE                    
Large Metro 6,293 6,441 2,345 2,368 3,948 4,073 2,784 2,788 1,163 1,284
Small Metro 4,173 4,828 1,515 1,753 2,658 3,075 1,925 2,056 733 1,019
Nonmetro 2,055 1,931 637 625 1,418 1,306 920 785 499 521
Urbanized 829 849 306 321 523 528 348 326 175 202
Less Urbanized 1,031 923 279 288 752 635 519 400 232 235
Completely Rural 195 159 52 * 144 143 52 59 92 *
POVERTY LEVEL1                    
Less Than 100% 2,782 2,786 1,084 1,049 1,697 1,737 1,223 1,149 475 588
100-199% 2,881 3,309 1,289 1,269 1,593 2,041 1,232 1,211 360a 830
200% or More 6,855 7,104 2,121 2,428 4,734 4,676 3,174 3,270 1,560 1,406
EDUCATION LEVEL                    
< High School 1,171 1,185 533 553 637 633 403 362 235 271
High School Graduate 3,208a 3,931 1,500 1,702 1,709 2,228 1,146 1,449 563 780
Some College/Associate’s Degree 5,101 4,986 2,018 1,934 3,083 3,052 2,252 2,039 831 1,013
College Graduate 3,041 3,097 446 557 2,596 2,540 1,829 1,780 767 760
HEALTH INSURANCE2                    
Private 6,374 6,988 2,536 2,780 3,839 4,208 2,602 2,886 1,237 1,322
Medicaid/CHIP 3,166b 4,009 1,176 1,328 1,990a 2,681 1,452a 1,878 538 803
Other3 2,512 2,108 424 357 2,088 1,751 976b 545 1,112 1,206
No Coverage 1,803 1,521 573 567 1,230 954 1,049a 736 181 218
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.72B – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 4.9 5.2 13.4 13.6 3.6 3.8 5.5 5.5 2.0 2.4
GEOGRAPHIC REGION                    
Northeast 3.8 4.6 12.3 12.2 2.6 3.5 4.6 5.2 0.9a 2.2
Midwest 5.5 5.4 14.2 13.4 4.1 4.2 6.6 5.9 2.0 2.7
South 4.8 4.8 12.7 13.1 3.6 3.5 5.6 5.2 1.9 2.0
West 5.5 5.9 14.7 15.8 4.1 4.3 5.0 5.8 3.2 2.8
COUNTY TYPE                    
Large Metro 4.6 4.6 13.3 12.4 3.3 3.3 4.8 4.7 1.9 2.0
Small Metro 5.4 5.9 13.8 15.0 4.0 4.4 6.3 6.3 2.0 2.7
Nonmetro 5.2 5.7 13.2 15.7 4.1 4.4 6.6 7.0 2.4 2.8
Urbanized 5.7 6.0 15.1 18.2 4.1 4.2 6.7 6.7 2.4 2.7
Less Urbanized 5.0 5.4 11.9 14.6 4.1 4.2 7.0 7.2 2.2 2.5
Completely Rural 4.7 6.2 11.1 * 3.9 6.1 3.7 6.7 4.0 *
POVERTY LEVEL1                    
Less Than 100% 7.3 7.7 12.8 13.0 5.8 6.2 7.9 7.6 3.4 4.5
100-199% 5.7 6.6 16.1 15.0 3.7 4.9 6.1 6.3 1.6a 3.8
200% or More 4.2 4.2 12.6 13.3 3.2 3.1 4.8 4.8 1.9 1.7
EDUCATION LEVEL                    
< High School 4.1 4.9 14.5 15.4 2.6 3.0 4.1 4.6 1.6 2.1
High School Graduate 4.6a 5.7 14.2 14.7 2.9a 3.9 4.7 6.2 1.6 2.3
Some College/Associate’s Degree 6.6 6.4 14.3 13.9 4.9 4.8 7.5 6.8 2.5 3.0
College Graduate 3.9 3.6 8.8 9.8 3.5 3.2 4.7 4.3 2.2 2.0
HEALTH INSURANCE2                    
Private 4.1 4.5 13.4 14.0 2.8 3.1 4.2 4.5 1.7 1.8
Medicaid/CHIP 6.7b 8.3 13.5 14.3 5.1a 6.9 6.6a 8.6 3.2 4.7
Other3 3.3 2.7 16.7 12.7 2.9 2.4 10.7b 5.9 1.7 1.9
No Coverage 7.3 6.5 11.9 12.3 6.2 5.1 7.3 5.6 3.2 4.0
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.73A – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide, Made Any Suicide Plans, and Attempted Suicide in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Had Serious
Thoughts of Suicide
(2021)		 Had Serious
Thoughts of Suicide
(2022)		 Made Any
Suicide Plans
(2021)		 Made Any
Suicide Plans
(2022)		 Attempted Suicide
(2021)		 Attempted Suicide
(2022)
TOTAL 12,521 13,200 3,624 3,753 1,811 1,623
AGE GROUP            
18-25 4,497 4,746 1,737 1,714 947 728
26 or Older 8,024 8,453 1,886 2,040 864 895
26-49 5,629 5,629 1,482 1,372 676 485
50 or Older 2,395 2,824 405 667 188 410
GENDER            
Male 5,572 6,269 1,639 1,678 771 748
Female 6,949 6,930 1,985 2,075 1,040 875
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE            
Not Hispanic or Latino 10,408 11,151 2,881 3,126 1,306 1,377
AIAN 133 87 * 31 20 19
Asian 379 520 134 128 53 36
Black or African American 1,423 1,702 359 542 294 289
NHOPI 69 * 6 2 8 1
White 8,015 8,290 2,236 2,276 887 956
Two or More Races 390 471 115 148 45 76
Hispanic or Latino 2,114 2,049 743 627 505b 245
HEALTH INSURANCE1            
Private 6,374 6,988 1,570a 1,962 711 641
Medicaid/CHIP 3,166b 4,009 1,221 1,283 644 732
Other2 2,512 2,108 627 521 379 338
No Coverage 1,803 1,521 629a 407 251 192
EMPLOYMENT STATUS            
Full-Time 5,079 5,506 1,233 1,385 603 468
Part-Time 2,204 2,584 655 857 308 264
Unemployed 1,391b 962 527a 348 260 182
Other3 3,846 4,148 1,209 1,163 639 709
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
2 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
3 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.73B – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide, Made Any Suicide Plans, and Attempted Suicide in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Had Serious
Thoughts of Suicide
(2021)		 Had Serious
Thoughts of Suicide
(2022)		 Made Any
Suicide Plans
(2021)		 Made Any
Suicide Plans
(2022)		 Attempted Suicide
(2021)		 Attempted Suicide
(2022)
TOTAL 4.9 5.2 1.4 1.5 0.7 0.6
AGE GROUP            
18-25 13.4 13.6 5.2 4.9 2.8a 2.1
26 or Older 3.6 3.8 0.9 0.9 0.4 0.4
26-49 5.5 5.5 1.4 1.3 0.7 0.5
50 or Older 2.0 2.4 0.3 0.6 0.2 0.3
GENDER            
Male 4.5 5.0 1.3 1.3 0.6 0.6
Female 5.3 5.3 1.5 1.6 0.8 0.7
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE            
Not Hispanic or Latino 4.9 5.3 1.4 1.5 0.6 0.6
AIAN 8.1 7.0 * 2.5 1.2 1.5
Asian 2.5 3.4 0.9 0.8 0.4 0.2
Black or African American 4.6 5.5 1.2 1.8 1.0 0.9
NHOPI 6.8 * 0.6 0.1 0.8 0.1
White 5.1 5.2 1.4 1.4 0.6 0.6
Two or More Races 8.5 9.3 2.5 2.9 1.0 1.5
Hispanic or Latino 4.9 4.6 1.7 1.4 1.2b 0.6
HEALTH INSURANCE1            
Private 4.1 4.5 1.0a 1.3 0.5 0.4
Medicaid/CHIP 6.7b 8.3 2.6 2.7 1.4 1.5
Other2 3.3 2.7 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.4
No Coverage 7.3 6.5 2.5a 1.7 1.0 0.8
EMPLOYMENT STATUS            
Full-Time 4.4 4.7 1.1 1.2 0.5 0.4
Part-Time 7.3 7.9 2.2 2.6 1.0 0.8
Unemployed 10.6 8.7 4.0 3.2 2.0 1.7
Other3 4.0 4.4 1.3 1.2 0.7 0.8
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
2 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
3 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.74A – Attempted Suicide in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; Received Medical Attention for Suicide Attempt or Stayed Overnight or Longer in a Hospital for Suicide Attempt in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older Who Attempted Suicide in Past Year; by Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Attempted Suicide
(2021)		 Attempted Suicide
(2022)		 Received Medical
Attention for Suicide
Attempt among
People Who
Attempted Suicide
(2021)		 Received Medical
Attention for Suicide
Attempt among
People Who
Attempted Suicide
(2022)		 Stayed Overnight or
Longer in a Hospital
for Suicide Attempt
among People Who
Attempted Suicide
(2021)		 Stayed Overnight or
Longer in a Hospital
for Suicide Attempt
among People Who
Attempted Suicide
(2022)
TOTAL 1,811 1,623 847 832 554 446
AGE GROUP            
18-25 947 728 373 304 236 160
26 or Older 864 895 * 528 * *
26-49 676 485 * * * 119
50 or Older 188 410 * * * *
GENDER            
Male 771 748 * * * *
Female 1,040 875 * 516 * 230
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE            
Not Hispanic or Latino 1,306 1,377 699 749 453 389
AIAN 20 19 * * * *
Asian 53 36 * * * *
Black or African American 294 289 * * * *
NHOPI 8 1 * * * *
White 887 956 * 570 * *
Two or More Races 45 76 * * * *
Hispanic or Latino 505b 245 * * * *
HEALTH INSURANCE1            
Private 711 641 312 * * 147
Medicaid/CHIP 644 732 * 407 * *
Other2 379 338 * * * *
No Coverage 251 192 * * * *
EMPLOYMENT STATUS            
Full-Time 603 468 * 152 * 67
Part-Time 308 264 * * * *
Unemployed 260 182 * * * *
Other3 639 709 * * * *
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
2 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
3 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.74B – Attempted Suicide in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; Received Medical Attention for Suicide Attempt or Stayed Overnight or Longer in a Hospital for Suicide Attempt in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older Who Attempted Suicide in Past Year; by Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Attempted Suicide
(2021)		 Attempted Suicide
(2022)		 Received Medical
Attention for Suicide
Attempt among
People Who
Attempted Suicide
(2021)		 Received Medical
Attention for Suicide
Attempt among
People Who
Attempted Suicide
(2022)		 Stayed Overnight or
Longer in a Hospital
for Suicide Attempt
among People Who
Attempted Suicide
(2021)		 Stayed Overnight or
Longer in a Hospital
for Suicide Attempt
among People Who
Attempted Suicide
(2022)
TOTAL 0.7 0.6 46.8 51.3 30.6 27.5
AGE GROUP            
18-25 2.8a 2.1 39.4 41.8 24.9 22.0
26 or Older 0.4 0.4 * 59.0 * *
26-49 0.7 0.5 * * * 24.6
50 or Older 0.2 0.3 * * * *
GENDER            
Male 0.6 0.6 * * * *
Female 0.8 0.7 * 59.0 * 26.3
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE            
Not Hispanic or Latino 0.6 0.6 53.6 54.4 34.7 28.2
AIAN 1.2 1.5 * * * *
Asian 0.4 0.2 * * * *
Black or African American 1.0 0.9 * * * *
NHOPI 0.8 0.1 * * * *
White 0.6 0.6 * 59.6 * *
Two or More Races 1.0 1.5 * * * *
Hispanic or Latino 1.2b 0.6 * * * *
HEALTH INSURANCE1            
Private 0.5 0.4 43.9 * * 22.9
Medicaid/CHIP 1.4 1.5 * 55.6 * *
Other2 0.5 0.4 * * * *
No Coverage 1.0 0.8 * * * *
EMPLOYMENT STATUS            
Full-Time 0.5 0.4 * 32.4 * 14.4
Part-Time 1.0 0.8 * * * *
Unemployed 2.0 1.7 * * * *
Other3 0.7 0.8 * * * *
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
2 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
3 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.75A – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide, Made Any Suicide Plans, and Attempted Suicide in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Substance Use in Past Year, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Substance Had Serious
Thoughts of Suicide
(2021)		 Had Serious
Thoughts of Suicide
(2022)		 Made Any
Suicide Plans
(2021)		 Made Any
Suicide Plans
(2022)		 Attempted
Suicide
(2021)		 Attempted
Suicide
(2022)
ILLICIT DRUGS1 6,487 7,307 2,047 2,313 1,182 942
Marijuana 5,526a 6,532 1,712 1,993 934 782
Cocaine 772 806 294 332 199 138
Crack * * * * * 51
Heroin * 141 72 65 55 65
Hallucinogens 1,374 1,531 461 505 268 228
LSD 550 569 235 175 136 71
PCP * * * * * *
Ecstasy 432 348 178 106 122 58
Inhalants 328 394 121 143 72 58
Methamphetamine 378 514 198 158 141 116
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics 1,992 1,954 747 745 446 406
Pain Relievers 1,128 1,178 471 503 327 278
Stimulants 576 679 223 254 117 155
Tranquilizers or Sedatives 855 856 351 319 209 199
Tranquilizers 774 693 336 258 198 157
Sedatives 184 217 71 77 41 53
Benzodiazepines 645 615 296 250 159 132
Opioids1 1,272 1,260 515 539 362 303
Central Nervous System Stimulants 1,426 1,609 577 590 368 327
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana1,2 3,376 3,537 1,202 1,255 736 584
TOBACCO PRODUCT USE OR NICOTINE VAPING -- 6,402 -- 1,960 -- 869
Tobacco Products 4,902 4,884 1,579 1,571 890 678
Cigarettes 4,207 4,029 1,370 1,410 786 604
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco 542 625 203 193 109 91
Cigars 1,569 1,858 640 553 322 327
Pipe Tobacco3 -- -- -- -- -- --
Nicotine Vaping -- 3,972 -- 1,244 -- 639
ALCOHOL 9,691 9,995 2,748 3,038 1,365 1,251
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- --
OPIOIDS INCLUDING ILLEGALLY MADE FENTANYL -- 1,304 -- 553 -- 316
Illegally Made Fentanyl -- * -- * -- 39
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 For comparison of estimates between 2021 and 2022, these estimates do not include illegally made fentanyl (IMF).
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. Estimates for tobacco product use (as well as estimates for tobacco product use or nicotine vaping) in the past year exclude past year pipe tobacco use, but include past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.75B – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide, Made Any Suicide Plans, and Attempted Suicide in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Substance Use in Past Year, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Substance Had Serious
Thoughts of Suicide
(2021)		 Had Serious
Thoughts of Suicide
(2022)		 Made Any
Suicide Plans
(2021)		 Made Any
Suicide Plans
(2022)		 Attempted
Suicide
(2021)		 Attempted
Suicide
(2022)
ILLICIT DRUGS1 11.1 11.0 3.5 3.5 2.0a 1.4
Marijuana 11.0 11.1 3.4 3.4 1.9a 1.3
Cocaine 16.3 15.4 6.2 6.3 4.2 2.6
Crack * * * * * 5.6
Heroin * 13.5 6.6 6.2 5.1 6.3
Hallucinogens 19.1 18.8 6.4 6.2 3.7 2.8
LSD 23.9 26.4 10.2 8.1 5.9 3.3
PCP * * * * * *
Ecstasy 20.2 17.0 8.4 5.2 5.7 2.8
Inhalants 22.2 23.2 8.2 8.4 4.9 3.4
Methamphetamine 14.5 19.1 7.6 5.9 5.4 4.3
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics 14.6 14.4 5.5 5.5 3.3 3.0
Pain Relievers 13.5 14.6 5.7 6.2 3.9 3.4
Stimulants 16.0 16.7 6.2 6.2 3.2 3.8
Tranquilizers or Sedatives 18.7 18.2 7.7 6.8 4.6 4.2
Tranquilizers 19.0 17.2 8.3 6.4 4.9 3.9
Sedatives 22.0 23.3 8.5 8.2 4.9 5.7
Benzodiazepines 17.3 17.2 7.9 7.0 4.3 3.7
Opioids1 14.3 14.8 5.8 6.3 4.1 3.6
Central Nervous System Stimulants 15.8 16.2 6.4 6.0 4.1 3.3
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana1,2 15.4 15.2 5.5 5.4 3.4 2.5
TOBACCO PRODUCT USE OR NICOTINE VAPING -- 8.6 -- 2.6 -- 1.2
Tobacco Products 7.3 7.8 2.4 2.5 1.3 1.1
Cigarettes 8.0 8.2 2.6 2.9 1.5 1.2
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco 5.5 7.7 2.1 2.4 1.1 1.1
Cigars 8.5 9.9 3.5 2.9 1.8 1.7
Pipe Tobacco3 -- -- -- -- -- --
Nicotine Vaping -- 12.6 -- 3.9 -- 2.0
ALCOHOL 5.7 5.8 1.6 1.8 0.8 0.7
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- --
OPIOIDS INCLUDING ILLEGALLY MADE FENTANYL -- 15.1 -- 6.4 -- 3.7
Illegally Made Fentanyl -- * -- * -- 5.9
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 For comparison of estimates between 2021 and 2022, these estimates do not include illegally made fentanyl (IMF).
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. Estimates for tobacco product use (as well as estimates for tobacco product use or nicotine vaping) in the past year exclude past year pipe tobacco use, but include past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.76A – Substance Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Substance Had Serious
Thoughts of Suicide
(2021)		 Had Serious
Thoughts of Suicide
(2022)		 Made Any
Suicide Plans
(2021)		 Made Any
Suicide Plans
(2022)		 Attempted
Suicide
(2021)		 Attempted
Suicide
(2022)
ILLICIT DRUGS1 6,487 7,307 2,047 2,313 1,182 942
Marijuana 5,526a 6,532 1,712 1,993 934 782
Cocaine 772 806 294 332 199 138
Crack 182 169 108 89 89 51
Heroin 232 141 72 65 55 65
Hallucinogens 1,374 1,531 461 505 268 228
LSD 550 569 235 175 136 71
PCP 32 73 12 2 12 2
Ecstasy 432 348 178 106 122 58
Inhalants 328 394 121 143 72 58
Methamphetamine 378 514 198 158 141 116
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics 1,992 1,954 747 745 446 406
Pain Relievers 1,128 1,178 471 503 327 278
Stimulants 576 679 223 254 117 155
Tranquilizers or Sedatives 855 856 351 319 209 199
Tranquilizers 774 693 336 258 198 157
Sedatives 184 217 71 77 41 53
Benzodiazepines 645 615 296 250 159 132
Opioids1 1,272 1,260 515 539 362 303
Central Nervous System Stimulants 1,426 1,609 577 590 368 327
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana1,2 3,376 3,537 1,202 1,255 736 584
TOBACCO PRODUCT USE OR NICOTINE VAPING -- 6,402 -- 1,960 -- 869
Tobacco Products 4,902 4,884 1,579 1,571 890 678
Cigarettes 4,207 4,029 1,370 1,410 786 604
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco 542 625 203 193 109 91
Cigars 1,569 1,858 640 553 322 327
Pipe Tobacco3 -- -- -- -- -- --
Nicotine Vaping -- 3,972 -- 1,244 -- 639
ALCOHOL 9,691 9,995 2,748 3,038 1,365 1,251
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- --
OPIOIDS INCLUDING ILLEGALLY MADE FENTANYL -- 1,304 -- 553 -- 316
Illegally Made Fentanyl -- 126 -- 43 -- 39
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 For comparison of estimates between 2021 and 2022, these estimates do not include illegally made fentanyl (IMF).
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. Estimates for tobacco product use (as well as estimates for tobacco product use or nicotine vaping) in the past year exclude past year pipe tobacco use, but include past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.76B – Substance Use in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Substance Had Serious
Thoughts of Suicide
(2021)		 Had Serious
Thoughts of Suicide
(2022)		 Made Any
Suicide Plans
(2021)		 Made Any
Suicide Plans
(2022)		 Attempted
Suicide
(2021)		 Attempted
Suicide
(2022)
ILLICIT DRUGS1 51.8 55.4 56.5 61.6 65.3 58.1
Marijuana 44.1a 49.5 47.2 53.1 51.6 48.2
Cocaine 6.2 6.1 8.1 8.8 11.0 8.5
Crack 1.5 1.3 3.0 2.4 4.9 3.2
Heroin 1.9 1.1 2.0 1.7 3.1 4.0
Hallucinogens 11.0 11.6 12.7 13.5 14.8 14.0
LSD 4.4 4.3 6.5 4.7 7.5 4.4
PCP 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.0 0.7 0.1
Ecstasy 3.4 2.6 4.9 2.8 6.7 3.6
Inhalants 2.6 3.0 3.3 3.8 4.0 3.6
Methamphetamine 3.0 3.9 5.5 4.2 7.8 7.1
Misuse of Prescription Psychotherapeutics 15.9 14.8 20.6 19.9 24.6 25.0
Pain Relievers 9.0 8.9 13.0 13.4 18.1 17.1
Stimulants 4.6 5.1 6.1 6.8 6.5 9.5
Tranquilizers or Sedatives 6.8 6.5 9.7 8.5 11.5 12.3
Tranquilizers 6.2 5.2 9.3 6.9 10.9 9.7
Sedatives 1.5 1.6 1.9 2.0 2.3 3.3
Benzodiazepines 5.2 4.7 8.2 6.7 8.8 8.2
Opioids1 10.2 9.5 14.2 14.4 20.0 18.7
Central Nervous System Stimulants 11.4 12.2 15.9 15.7 20.3 20.2
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana1,2 27.0 26.8 33.2 33.4 40.6 36.0
TOBACCO PRODUCT USE OR NICOTINE VAPING -- 48.5 -- 52.2 -- 53.5
Tobacco Products 39.1 37.0 43.6 41.9 49.2 41.8
Cigarettes 33.6 30.5 37.8 37.6 43.4 37.2
Daily Cigarettes -- -- -- -- -- --
Smokeless Tobacco 4.3 4.7 5.6 5.1 6.0 5.6
Cigars 12.5 14.1 17.7 14.7 17.8 20.1
Pipe Tobacco3 -- -- -- -- -- --
Nicotine Vaping -- 30.1 -- 33.1 -- 39.4
ALCOHOL 77.4 75.7 75.8 80.9 75.4 77.1
Binge Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- --
Heavy Alcohol Use -- -- -- -- -- --
OPIOIDS INCLUDING ILLEGALLY MADE FENTANYL -- 9.9 -- 14.7 -- 19.5
Illegally Made Fentanyl -- 1.0 -- 1.1 -- 2.4
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 For comparison of estimates between 2021 and 2022, these estimates do not include illegally made fentanyl (IMF).
2 Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs.
3 Information about past year use of pipe tobacco was not collected. Estimates for tobacco product use (as well as estimates for tobacco product use or nicotine vaping) in the past year exclude past year pipe tobacco use, but include past month pipe tobacco use.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.77A – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide, Made Any Suicide Plans, and Attempted Suicide in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Overall Substance Use Disorder Status and Past Year Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Substance Use Disorder Status Had Serious
Thoughts of
Suicide
(2021)		 Had Serious
Thoughts of
Suicide
(2022)		 No Serious
Thoughts of
Suicide
(2021)		 No Serious
Thoughts of
Suicide
(2022)		 Made Any
Suicide
Plans
(2021)		 Made Any
Suicide
Plans
(2022)		 Did Not
Make Any
Suicide
Plans
(2021)		 Did Not
Make Any
Suicide
Plans
(2022)		 Attempted
Suicide
(2021)		 Attempted
Suicide
(2022)		 Did Not
Attempt
Suicide
(2021)		 Did Not
Attempt
Suicide
(2022)
TOTAL POPULATION 12,521 13,200 241,303b 243,082 3,624 3,753 250,201b 252,528 1,811 1,623 252,014b 254,659
DRUGS OR ALCOHOL1 5,779 6,249 38,604 40,244 1,899 2,018 42,484 44,476 974 927 43,409 45,567
DRUGS1 3,983a 4,674 18,588a 20,743 1,423 1,591 21,148b 23,826 731 680 21,840b 24,737
Marijuana 2,765a 3,322 12,548b 14,346 960 1,083 14,353b 16,585 517 434 14,796b 17,235
Cocaine 339 308 1,092 1,121 170 164 1,261 1,265 134 55 1,297 1,374
Heroin * 86 * 812 32 32 956 866 16 37 972 861
Hallucinogens * * * * * * * * * * * *
Inhalants * * * * * * * * * * * *
Methamphetamine 302 415 1,302 1,403 181 137 1,423 1,681 127 99 1,478 1,719
Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 1,199 1,511 5,661 6,176 559 599 6,301 7,088 252 342 6,608 7,345
Pain Relievers1 720 863 4,024 4,449 379 388 4,366 4,924 191 258 4,554 5,054
Stimulants1 304 404 962 1,165 130 129 1,136 1,440 81 88 1,185 1,481
Tranquilizers or Sedatives1 541 496 1,569 1,724 264 227 1,846 1,994 107 149 2,002 2,072
Tranquilizers1 480 371 1,127 1,360 224 188 1,383 1,542 96 118 1,511 1,612
Sedatives1 * * * * * 88 * 681 48 69 831 701
Opioids1 789 934 4,519 4,917 391 407 4,917 5,444 194 274 5,114 5,578
Central Nervous System Stimulants1 832 971 3,100 3,276 397 370 3,534 3,877 275 189 3,657 4,058
ALCOHOL 3,331 3,402 25,438 25,386 1,075 1,173 27,694 27,615 552 518 28,216 28,271
BOTH DRUGS AND ALCOHOL1 1,534 1,826 5,422 5,885 599 746 6,358 6,965 310 271 6,647 7,441
DRUGS ONLY (NO ALCOHOL USE DISORDER)1 2,448 2,848 13,166a 14,858 824 844 14,790b 16,861 422 409 15,193b 17,296
ALCOHOL ONLY (NO DRUG USE DISORDER)1 1,797 1,576 20,016 19,501 477 427 21,336 20,650 243 247 21,570 20,830
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER1 6,742 6,950 202,699 202,838 1,724 1,735 207,717 208,053 837 696 208,605 209,092
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.77B – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide, Made Any Suicide Plans, and Attempted Suicide in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Overall Substance Use Disorder Status and Past Year Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Substance Use Disorder Status Had Serious
Thoughts of
Suicide
(2021)		 Had Serious
Thoughts of
Suicide
(2022)		 No Serious
Thoughts of
Suicide
(2021)		 No Serious
Thoughts of
Suicide
(2022)		 Made Any
Suicide
Plans
(2021)		 Made Any
Suicide
Plans
(2022)		 Did Not
Make Any
Suicide
Plans
(2021)		 Did Not
Make Any
Suicide
Plans
(2022)		 Attempted
Suicide
(2021)		 Attempted
Suicide
(2022)		 Did Not
Attempt
Suicide
(2021)		 Did Not
Attempt
Suicide
(2022)
TOTAL POPULATION 4.9 5.2 95.1 94.8 1.4 1.5 98.6 98.5 0.7 0.6 99.3 99.4
DRUGS OR ALCOHOL1 13.0 13.4 87.0 86.6 4.3 4.3 95.7 95.7 2.2 2.0 97.8 98.0
DRUGS1 17.6 18.4 82.4 81.6 6.3 6.3 93.7 93.7 3.2 2.7 96.8 97.3
Marijuana 18.1 18.8 81.9 81.2 6.3 6.1 93.7 93.9 3.4 2.5 96.6 97.5
Cocaine 23.7 21.6 76.3 78.4 11.9 11.5 88.1 88.5 9.4 3.9 90.6 96.1
Heroin * 9.6 * 90.4 3.3 3.6 96.7 96.4 1.6 4.2 98.4 95.8
Hallucinogens * * * * * * * * * * * *
Inhalants * * * * * * * * * * * *
Methamphetamine 18.8 22.8 81.2 77.2 11.3 7.6 88.7 92.4 7.9 5.4 92.1 94.6
Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 17.5 19.7 82.5 80.3 8.2 7.8 91.8 92.2 3.7 4.5 96.3 95.5
Pain Relievers1 15.2 16.2 84.8 83.8 8.0 7.3 92.0 92.7 4.0 4.9 96.0 95.1
Stimulants1 24.0 25.8 76.0 74.2 10.3 8.2 89.7 91.8 6.4 5.6 93.6 94.4
Tranquilizers or Sedatives1 25.6 22.4 74.4 77.6 12.5 10.2 87.5 89.8 5.1 6.7 94.9 93.3
Tranquilizers1 29.9 21.4 70.1 78.6 14.0 10.9 86.0 89.1 6.0 6.8 94.0 93.2
Sedatives1 * * * * * 11.5 * 88.5 5.5 8.9 94.5 91.1
Opioids1 14.9 16.0 85.1 84.0 7.4 7.0 92.6 93.0 3.7 4.7 96.3 95.3
Central Nervous System Stimulants1 21.2 22.9 78.8 77.1 10.1 8.7 89.9 91.3 7.0 4.5 93.0 95.5
ALCOHOL 11.6 11.8 88.4 88.2 3.7 4.1 96.3 95.9 1.9 1.8 98.1 98.2
BOTH DRUGS AND ALCOHOL1 22.1 23.7 77.9 76.3 8.6 9.7 91.4 90.3 4.5 3.5 95.5 96.5
DRUGS ONLY (NO ALCOHOL USE DISORDER)1 15.7 16.1 84.3 83.9 5.3 4.8 94.7 95.2 2.7 2.3 97.3 97.7
ALCOHOL ONLY (NO DRUG USE DISORDER)1 8.2 7.5 91.8 92.5 2.2 2.0 97.8 98.0 1.1 1.2 98.9 98.8
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER1 3.2 3.3 96.8 96.7 0.8 0.8 99.2 99.2 0.4 0.3 99.6 99.7
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.78A – Overall Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior Status, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Substance Use Disorder Status Had Serious
Thoughts of
Suicide
(2021)		 Had Serious
Thoughts of
Suicide
(2022)		 No Serious
Thoughts of
Suicide
(2021)		 No Serious
Thoughts of
Suicide
(2022)		 Made Any
Suicide
Plans
(2021)		 Made Any
Suicide
Plans
(2022)		 Did Not
Make Any
Suicide
Plans
(2021)		 Did Not
Make Any
Suicide
Plans
(2022)		 Attempted
Suicide
(2021)		 Attempted
Suicide
(2022)		 Did Not
Attempt
Suicide
(2021)		 Did Not
Attempt
Suicide
(2022)
TOTAL POPULATION 12,521 13,200 241,303 243,082 3,624 3,753 250,201 252,528 1,811 1,623 252,014 254,659
DRUGS OR ALCOHOL1 5,779 6,249 38,604 40,244 1,899 2,018 42,484 44,476 974 927 43,409 45,567
DRUGS1 3,983a 4,674 18,588a 20,743 1,423 1,591 21,148b 23,826 731 680 21,840b 24,737
Marijuana 2,765a 3,322 12,548b 14,346 960 1,083 14,353b 16,585 517 434 14,796b 17,235
Cocaine 339 308 1,092 1,121 170 164 1,261 1,265 134 55 1,297 1,374
Heroin 145 86 844 812 32 32 956 866 16 37 972 861
Hallucinogens 176 246 281 268 73 125 383 389 55 62 401 452
Inhalants 101 102 157 159 45 35 214 226 41 9 218 253
Methamphetamine 302 415 1,302 1,403 181 137 1,423 1,681 127 99 1,478 1,719
Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 1,199 1,511 5,661 6,176 559 599 6,301 7,088 252 342 6,608 7,345
Pain Relievers1 720 863 4,024 4,449 379 388 4,366 4,924 191 258 4,554 5,054
Stimulants1 304 404 962 1,165 130 129 1,136 1,440 81 88 1,185 1,481
Tranquilizers or Sedatives1 541 496 1,569 1,724 264 227 1,846 1,994 107 149 2,002 2,072
Tranquilizers1 480 371 1,127 1,360 224 188 1,383 1,542 96 118 1,511 1,612
Sedatives1 218 190 661 579 93 88 786 681 48 69 831 701
Opioids1 789 934 4,519 4,917 391 407 4,917 5,444 194 274 5,114 5,578
Central Nervous System Stimulants1 832 971 3,100 3,276 397 370 3,534 3,877 275 189 3,657 4,058
ALCOHOL 3,331 3,402 25,438 25,386 1,075 1,173 27,694 27,615 552 518 28,216 28,271
BOTH DRUGS AND ALCOHOL1 1,534 1,826 5,422 5,885 599 746 6,358 6,965 310 271 6,647 7,441
DRUGS ONLY (NO ALCOHOL USE DISORDER)1 2,448 2,848 13,166a 14,858 824 844 14,790b 16,861 422 409 15,193b 17,296
ALCOHOL ONLY (NO DRUG USE DISORDER)1 1,797 1,576 20,016 19,501 477 427 21,336 20,650 243 247 21,570 20,830
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER1 6,742 6,950 202,699 202,838 1,724 1,735 207,717 208,053 837 696 208,605 209,092
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.78B – Overall Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior Status, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Substance Use Disorder Status Had Serious
Thoughts of
Suicide
(2021)		 Had Serious
Thoughts of
Suicide
(2022)		 No Serious
Thoughts of
Suicide
(2021)		 No Serious
Thoughts of
Suicide
(2022)		 Made Any
Suicide
Plans
(2021)		 Made Any
Suicide
Plans
(2022)		 Did Not
Make Any
Suicide
Plans
(2021)		 Did Not
Make Any
Suicide
Plans
(2022)		 Attempted
Suicide
(2021)		 Attempted
Suicide
(2022)		 Did Not
Attempt
Suicide
(2021)		 Did Not
Attempt
Suicide
(2022)
TOTAL POPULATION 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
DRUGS OR ALCOHOL1 46.2 47.3 16.0 16.6 52.4 53.8 17.0 17.6 53.8 57.1 17.2 17.9
DRUGS1 31.8 35.4 7.7b 8.5 39.3 42.4 8.5b 9.4 40.4 41.9 8.7b 9.7
Marijuana 22.1 25.2 5.2b 5.9 26.5 28.9 5.7b 6.6 28.5 26.7 5.9b 6.8
Cocaine 2.7 2.3 0.5 0.5 4.7 4.4 0.5 0.5 7.4 3.4 0.5 0.5
Heroin 1.2 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.9 0.4 0.3 0.9 2.3 0.4 0.3
Hallucinogens 1.4 1.9 0.1 0.1 2.0 3.3 0.2 0.2 3.1 3.8 0.2 0.2
Inhalants 0.8 0.8 0.1 0.1 1.2 0.9 0.1 0.1 2.3 0.6 0.1 0.1
Methamphetamine 2.4 3.1 0.5 0.6 5.0 3.7 0.6 0.7 7.0 6.1 0.6 0.7
Prescription Psychotherapeutics1 9.6 11.4 2.3 2.5 15.4 16.0 2.5 2.8 13.9 21.1 2.6 2.9
Pain Relievers1 5.8 6.5 1.7 1.8 10.4 10.3 1.7 1.9 10.5 15.9 1.8 2.0
Stimulants1 2.4 3.1 0.4 0.5 3.6 3.4 0.5 0.6 4.5 5.4 0.5 0.6
Tranquilizers or Sedatives1 4.3 3.8 0.7 0.7 7.3 6.0 0.7 0.8 5.9 9.2 0.8 0.8
Tranquilizers1 3.8 2.8 0.5 0.6 6.2 5.0 0.6 0.6 5.3 7.3 0.6 0.6
Sedatives1 1.7 1.4 0.3 0.2 2.6 2.4 0.3 0.3 2.7 4.2 0.3 0.3
Opioids1 6.3 7.1 1.9 2.0 10.8 10.9 2.0 2.2 10.7 16.9 2.0 2.2
Central Nervous System Stimulants1 6.6 7.4 1.3 1.3 11.0 9.9 1.4 1.5 15.2 11.7 1.5 1.6
ALCOHOL 26.6 25.8 10.5 10.4 29.7 31.3 11.1 10.9 30.5 31.9 11.2 11.1
BOTH DRUGS AND ALCOHOL1 12.3 13.8 2.2 2.4 16.5 19.9 2.5 2.8 17.1 16.7 2.6 2.9
DRUGS ONLY (NO ALCOHOL USE DISORDER)1 19.6 21.6 5.5a 6.1 22.7 22.5 5.9b 6.7 23.3 25.2 6.0b 6.8
ALCOHOL ONLY (NO DRUG USE DISORDER)1 14.3 11.9 8.3 8.0 13.2 11.4 8.5 8.2 13.4 15.2 8.6 8.2
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER1 53.8 52.7 84.0 83.4 47.6 46.2 83.0 82.4 46.2 42.9 82.8 82.1
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.79A – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Probation Status and Demographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Total1
(2021)		 Total1
(2022)		 On Probation
(2021)		 On Probation
(2022)		 Not on
Probation
(2021)		 Not on
Probation
(2022)
TOTAL 18 OR OLDER 12,521 13,200 348 468 12,015 12,549
AGE GROUP            
18-49 10,126 10,376 299 392 9,699 9,880
18-25 4,497 4,746 81 95 4,392 4,608
26-34 2,955 2,905 * 96 2,812 2,758
35-49 2,674 2,724 * 201 2,494 2,514
GENDER/AGE GROUP            
Male 18 or Older 5,572 6,269 203 310 5,294 5,832
Male 18-49 4,481 4,969 202 262 4,226 4,658
Female 18 or Older 6,949 6,930 * 158 6,721 6,717
Female 18-49 5,645 5,407 96 131 5,473 5,221
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 The Total column includes respondents with unknown past year probation status.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.79B – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Probation Status and Demographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Total1
(2021)		 Total1
(2022)		 On Probation
(2021)		 On Probation
(2022)		 Not on
Probation
(2021)		 Not on
Probation
(2022)
TOTAL 18 OR OLDER 4.9 5.2 11.2 15.4 4.9 5.0
AGE GROUP            
18-49 7.5 7.6 13.2 17.2 7.4 7.4
18-25 13.4 13.6 17.1 24.8 13.5 13.5
26-34 7.4 7.2 * 11.2 7.3 7.1
35-49 4.3 4.4 * 19.4 4.1 4.2
GENDER/AGE GROUP            
Male 18 or Older 4.5 5.0 9.6 14.6 4.4 4.8
Male 18-49 6.6 7.2 13.1 17.2 6.5 7.0
Female 18 or Older 5.3 5.3 * 17.2 5.3 5.2
Female 18-49 8.3 7.9 13.4 17.3 8.2 7.8
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 The Total column includes respondents with unknown past year probation status.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.80A – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Parole/Supervised Release Status and Demographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Total1
(2021)		 Total1
(2022)		 On
Parole/Supervised
Release
(2021)		 On
Parole/Supervised
Release
(2022)		 Not on
Parole/Supervised
Release
(2021)		 Not on
Parole/Supervised
Release
(2022)
TOTAL 18 OR OLDER 12,521 13,200 156 212 12,215 12,806
AGE GROUP            
18-49 10,126 10,376 99 169 9,906 10,105
18-25 4,497 4,746 * * 4,438 4,669
26-34 2,955 2,905 * * 2,887 2,831
35-49 2,674 2,724 32 * 2,582 2,605
GENDER/AGE GROUP            
Male 18 or Older 5,572 6,269 59 123 5,438 6,019
Male 18-49 4,481 4,969 57 98 4,371 4,823
Female 18 or Older 6,949 6,930 * * 6,776 6,787
Female 18-49 5,645 5,407 * * 5,535 5,283
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 The Total column includes respondents with unknown past year parole/supervised release status.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.80B – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Parole/Supervised Release Status and Demographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic Characteristic Total1
(2021)		 Total1
(2022)		 On
Parole/Supervised
Release
(2021)		 On
Parole/Supervised
Release
(2022)		 Not on
Parole/Supervised
Release
(2021)		 Not on
Parole/Supervised
Release
(2022)
TOTAL 18 OR OLDER 4.9 5.2 11.2 13.8 4.9 5.1
AGE GROUP            
18-49 7.5 7.6 10.8 15.2 7.4 7.5
18-25 13.4 13.6 * * 13.5 13.6
26-34 7.4 7.2 * * 7.4 7.2
35-49 4.3 4.4 8.6 * 4.2 4.3
GENDER/AGE GROUP            
Male 18 or Older 4.5 5.0 6.1 10.2 4.5 4.9
Male 18-49 6.6 7.2 8.4 11.9 6.6 7.2
Female 18 or Older 5.3 5.3 * * 5.3 5.2
Female 18-49 8.3 7.9 * * 8.2 7.8
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 The Total column includes respondents with unknown past year parole/supervised release status.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.81A – Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior and Treatment Resulting from a Suicide Attempt, Levels of Mental Illness, Major Depressive Episode, and Mental Health Treatment in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 to 22; by College Enrollment Status, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Past Year Mental Health Measure Full-Time
College Students
(2021)		 Full-Time
College Students
(2022)		 Other People
Aged 18-221
(2021)		 Other People
Aged 18-221
(2022)
SUICIDAL THOUGHTS AND BEHAVIOR AND TREATMENT FOR SUICIDE ATTEMPT        
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide 852 921 2,032 2,245
Made Any Suicide Plans 216 291 1,014 908
Attempted Suicide 146 101 561a 395
Received Medical Attention for Suicide Attempt among People Who
   Attempted Suicide		 * * 195 159
Stayed Overnight or Longer in a Hospital for Suicide Attempt among People
   Who Attempted Suicide		 * * 139 85
LEVEL OF MENTAL ILLNESS2        
Any Mental Illness 2,801 2,749 4,435 4,837
Serious Mental Illness 918 800 1,601 1,685
Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness 1,883 1,949 2,834 3,152
No Mental Illness 4,950 4,751 9,106 9,222
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE EPISODE 1,636 1,661 2,688 2,719
MENTAL HEALTH TREATMENT3,4 -- 2,142 -- 3,562
Inpatient -- 73 -- 398
Outpatient -- 1,596 -- 2,273
Prescription Medication -- 1,210 -- 2,403
Telehealth Treatment5 -- 1,456 -- 2,169
Prison, Jail, or Juvenile Detention Center -- 29 -- 133
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Estimates in this table exclude a subset of respondents who did not complete the questionnaire. The analysis weights and estimates were adjusted for the reduced sample size. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Other People include respondents not enrolled in school, enrolled in college part time, enrolled in other grades either full or part time, or enrolled with no other information available.
2 Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
3 Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
4 Respondents could indicate multiple types/locations for receiving mental health treatment; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
5 Respondents who reported that they received telehealth treatment (i.e., over the phone or through video) were not asked for the type or location of providers for the telehealth treatment they received.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.81B – Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior and Treatment Resulting from a Suicide Attempt, Levels of Mental Illness, Major Depressive Episode, and Mental Health Treatment in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 to 22; by College Enrollment Status, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Past Year Mental Health Measure Full-Time
College Students
(2021)		 Full-Time
College Students
(2022)		 Other People
Aged 18-221
(2021)		 Other People
Aged 18-221
(2022)
SUICIDAL THOUGHTS AND BEHAVIOR AND TREATMENT FOR SUICIDE ATTEMPT        
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide 11.0 12.3 15.0 16.0
Made Any Suicide Plans 2.8 3.9 7.5 6.5
Attempted Suicide 1.9 1.3 4.1a 2.8
Received Medical Attention for Suicide Attempt among People Who
   Attempted Suicide		 * * 34.8 40.2
Stayed Overnight or Longer in a Hospital for Suicide Attempt among People
   Who Attempted Suicide		 * * 24.8 21.6
LEVEL OF MENTAL ILLNESS2        
Any Mental Illness 36.1 36.7 32.8 34.4
Serious Mental Illness 11.8 10.7 11.8 12.0
Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness 24.3 26.0 20.9 22.4
No Mental Illness 63.9 63.3 67.2 65.6
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE EPISODE 21.1 22.1 19.9 19.3
MENTAL HEALTH TREATMENT3,4 -- 28.6 -- 25.3
Inpatient -- 1.0 -- 2.8
Outpatient -- 21.3 -- 16.2
Prescription Medication -- 16.1 -- 17.1
Telehealth Treatment5 -- 19.4 -- 15.4
Prison, Jail, or Juvenile Detention Center -- 0.4 -- 0.9
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Estimates in this table exclude a subset of respondents who did not complete the questionnaire. The analysis weights and estimates were adjusted for the reduced sample size. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Other People include respondents not enrolled in school, enrolled in college part time, enrolled in other grades either full or part time, or enrolled with no other information available.
2 Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
3 Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
4 Respondents could indicate multiple types/locations for receiving mental health treatment; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
5 Respondents who reported that they received telehealth treatment (i.e., over the phone or through video) were not asked for the type or location of providers for the telehealth treatment they received.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.82A – Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior and Treatment Resulting from a Suicide Attempt, Levels of Mental Illness, Major Depressive Episode, and Mental Health Treatment in Past Year: Among Males Aged 18 to 22; by College Enrollment Status, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Past Year Mental Health Measure Full-Time Male
College Students
(2021)		 Full-Time Male
College Students
(2022)		 Other Males
Aged 18-221
(2021)		 Other Males
Aged 18-221
(2022)
SUICIDAL THOUGHTS AND BEHAVIOR AND TREATMENT FOR SUICIDE ATTEMPT        
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide 308 325 744b 1,081
Made Any Suicide Plans 61 110 373 396
Attempted Suicide 43 38 180 154
Received Medical Attention for Suicide Attempt among People Who
   Attempted Suicide		 * * * *
Stayed Overnight or Longer in a Hospital for Suicide Attempt among People
   Who Attempted Suicide		 * * * *
LEVEL OF MENTAL ILLNESS2        
Any Mental Illness 960 1,050 1,719b 2,191
Serious Mental Illness 277 237 466a 674
Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness 683 813 1,253 1,518
No Mental Illness 2,589 2,335 5,542 5,594
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE EPISODE 510 559 971 1,125
MENTAL HEALTH TREATMENT3,4 -- 586 -- 1,482
Inpatient -- 21 -- 200
Outpatient -- 407 -- 891
Prescription Medication -- 328 -- 1,028
Telehealth Treatment5 -- 331 -- 886
Prison, Jail, or Juvenile Detention Center -- 14 -- 74
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Estimates in this table exclude a subset of respondents who did not complete the questionnaire. The analysis weights and estimates were adjusted for the reduced sample size. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Other Males include respondents not enrolled in school, enrolled in college part time, enrolled in other grades either full or part time, or enrolled with no other information available.
2 Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
3 Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
4 Respondents could indicate multiple types/locations for receiving mental health treatment; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
5 Respondents who reported that they received telehealth treatment (i.e., over the phone or through video) were not asked for the type or location of providers for the telehealth treatment they received.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.82B – Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior and Treatment Resulting from a Suicide Attempt, Levels of Mental Illness, Major Depressive Episode, and Mental Health Treatment in Past Year: Among Males Aged 18 to 22; by College Enrollment Status, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Past Year Mental Health Measure Full-Time Male
College Students
(2021)		 Full-Time Male
College Students
(2022)		 Other Males
Aged 18-221
(2021)		 Other Males
Aged 18-221
(2022)
SUICIDAL THOUGHTS AND BEHAVIOR AND TREATMENT FOR SUICIDE ATTEMPT        
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide 8.7 9.6 10.2b 13.9
Made Any Suicide Plans 1.7 3.2 5.1 5.1
Attempted Suicide 1.2 1.1 2.5 2.0
Received Medical Attention for Suicide Attempt among People Who
   Attempted Suicide		 * * * *
Stayed Overnight or Longer in a Hospital for Suicide Attempt among People
   Who Attempted Suicide		 * * * *
LEVEL OF MENTAL ILLNESS2        
Any Mental Illness 27.1 31.0 23.7a 28.1
Serious Mental Illness 7.8 7.0 6.4 8.7
Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness 19.2 24.0 17.3 19.5
No Mental Illness 72.9 69.0 76.3a 71.9
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE EPISODE 14.4 16.5 13.4 14.5
MENTAL HEALTH TREATMENT3,4 -- 17.3 -- 19.0
Inpatient -- 0.6 -- 2.6
Outpatient -- 12.0 -- 11.5
Prescription Medication -- 9.7 -- 13.2
Telehealth Treatment5 -- 9.8 -- 11.4
Prison, Jail, or Juvenile Detention Center -- 0.4 -- 1.0
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Estimates in this table exclude a subset of respondents who did not complete the questionnaire. The analysis weights and estimates were adjusted for the reduced sample size. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Other Males include respondents not enrolled in school, enrolled in college part time, enrolled in other grades either full or part time, or enrolled with no other information available.
2 Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
3 Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
4 Respondents could indicate multiple types/locations for receiving mental health treatment; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
5 Respondents who reported that they received telehealth treatment (i.e., over the phone or through video) were not asked for the type or location of providers for the telehealth treatment they received.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.83A – Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior and Treatment Resulting from a Suicide Attempt, Levels of Mental Illness, Major Depressive Episode, and Mental Health Treatment in Past Year: Among Females Aged 18 to 22; by College Enrollment Status, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Past Year Mental Health Measure Full-Time Female
College Students
(2021)		 Full-Time Female
College Students
(2022)		 Other Females
Aged 18-221
(2021)		 Other Females
Aged 18-221
(2022)
SUICIDAL THOUGHTS AND BEHAVIOR AND TREATMENT FOR SUICIDE ATTEMPT        
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide 544 596 1,288 1,164
Made Any Suicide Plans 155 182 641 512
Attempted Suicide 104 63 382 240
Received Medical Attention for Suicide Attempt among People Who
   Attempted Suicide		 * * * *
Stayed Overnight or Longer in a Hospital for Suicide Attempt among People
   Who Attempted Suicide		 * * * 34
LEVEL OF MENTAL ILLNESS2        
Any Mental Illness 1,841 1,700 2,716 2,646
Serious Mental Illness 641 564 1,135 1,011
Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness 1,200 1,136 1,582 1,634
No Mental Illness 2,361 2,416 3,565 3,628
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE EPISODE 1,125 1,102 1,717 1,594
MENTAL HEALTH TREATMENT3,4 -- 1,556 -- 2,080
Inpatient -- 52 -- 198
Outpatient -- 1,189 -- 1,381
Prescription Medication -- 883 -- 1,374
Telehealth Treatment5 -- 1,125 -- 1,283
Prison, Jail, or Juvenile Detention Center -- 15 -- 59
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Estimates in this table exclude a subset of respondents who did not complete the questionnaire. The analysis weights and estimates were adjusted for the reduced sample size. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Other Females include respondents not enrolled in school, enrolled in college part time, enrolled in other grades either full or part time, or enrolled with no other information available.
2 Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
3 Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
4 Respondents could indicate multiple types/locations for receiving mental health treatment; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
5 Respondents who reported that they received telehealth treatment (i.e., over the phone or through video) were not asked for the type or location of providers for the telehealth treatment they received.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.83B – Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior and Treatment Resulting from a Suicide Attempt, Levels of Mental Illness, Major Depressive Episode, and Mental Health Treatment in Past Year: Among Females Aged 18 to 22; by College Enrollment Status, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Past Year Mental Health Measure Full-Time Female
College Students
(2021)		 Full-Time Female
College Students
(2022)		 Other Females
Aged 18-221
(2021)		 Other Females
Aged 18-221
(2022)
SUICIDAL THOUGHTS AND BEHAVIOR AND TREATMENT FOR SUICIDE ATTEMPT        
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide 12.9 14.5 20.5 18.5
Made Any Suicide Plans 3.7 4.4 10.2 8.2
Attempted Suicide 2.5 1.5 6.1a 3.8
Received Medical Attention for Suicide Attempt among People Who
   Attempted Suicide		 * * * *
Stayed Overnight or Longer in a Hospital for Suicide Attempt among People
   Who Attempted Suicide		 * * * 14.2
LEVEL OF MENTAL ILLNESS2        
Any Mental Illness 43.8 41.3 43.2 42.2
Serious Mental Illness 15.3 13.7 18.1 16.1
Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness 28.6 27.6 25.2 26.1
No Mental Illness 56.2 58.7 56.8 57.8
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE EPISODE 26.8 26.8 27.3 25.4
MENTAL HEALTH TREATMENT3,4 -- 37.8 -- 33.2
Inpatient -- 1.3 -- 3.2
Outpatient -- 28.9 -- 22.0
Prescription Medication -- 21.4 -- 21.9
Telehealth Treatment5 -- 27.3 -- 20.4
Prison, Jail, or Juvenile Detention Center -- 0.4 -- 0.9
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
NOTE: Estimates in this table exclude a subset of respondents who did not complete the questionnaire. The analysis weights and estimates were adjusted for the reduced sample size. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Other Females include respondents not enrolled in school, enrolled in college part time, enrolled in other grades either full or part time, or enrolled with no other information available.
2 Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to people with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status.
3 Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
4 Respondents could indicate multiple types/locations for receiving mental health treatment; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
5 Respondents who reported that they received telehealth treatment (i.e., over the phone or through video) were not asked for the type or location of providers for the telehealth treatment they received.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.84A – Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior Status in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Status of Major Depressive Episode, Receipt of Mental Health Treatment, Sought or Thought Should Get Mental Health Treatment, Substance Use Disorder, Serious Psychological Distress, and Substance Use Treatment, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Past Year Mental Health or Substance Use Measure Had Serious
Thoughts of
Suicide
(2021)		 Had Serious
Thoughts of
Suicide
(2022)		 Made Any
Suicide
Plans
(2021)		 Made Any
Suicide
Plans
(2022)		 Attempted
Suicide
(2021)		 Attempted
Suicide
(2022)		 None of These
Suicidality
Measures
(2021)		 None of These
Suicidality
Measures
(2022)
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE EPISODE STATUS                
Major Depressive Episode 6,889 7,451 2,442 2,474 1,192 1,040 14,563 14,975
No Major Depressive Episode 5,632 5,749 1,181 1,279 619 582 226,401 227,746
MENTAL HEALTH TREATMENT AND SOUGHT OR
THOUGHT SHOULD GET TREATMENT STATUS		                
Mental Health Treatment1 -- 7,276 -- 2,332 -- 999 -- 48,402
No Mental Health Treatment1 -- 5,924 -- 1,421 -- 624 -- 194,318
Sought or Thought Should Get Treatment2 -- 2,092 -- 577 -- 192 -- 9,949
Did Not Seek Treatment and Did Not Think Should Get Treatment2 -- 3,737 -- 782 -- 402 -- 180,694
SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER STATUS                
Substance Use Disorder3 5,779 6,249 1,899 2,018 974 927 38,458 40,097
Alcohol Use Disorder4 3,331 3,402 1,075 1,173 552 518 25,319 25,339
Drug Use Disorder3 3,983a 4,674 1,423 1,591 731 680 18,474a 20,627
No Substance Use Disorder3 6,742 6,950 1,724 1,735 837 696 202,506 202,623
SERIOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS STATUS                
Serious Psychological Distress 8,963 9,700 2,950 3,140 1,467 1,245 26,472 27,550
No Serious Psychological Distress 3,559 3,500 673 613 344 378 214,492 215,170
SUBSTANCE USE TREATMENT STATUS                
Substance Use Treatment5,6 -- 1,943 -- 677 -- 486 -- 9,883
No Substance Use Treatment5,6 -- 11,256 -- 3,076 -- 1,137 -- 232,837
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
2 Respondents with unknown data for whether they sought or thought they should get mental health treatment were excluded.
3 Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria. Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
4 Alcohol use disorder (AUD) estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
5 Substance use treatment includes treatment for drug or alcohol use through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; medication-assisted treatment; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center. Substance use treatment questions are asked of respondents who used drugs or alcohol in their lifetime. These estimates include data from respondents who reported that they received any substance use treatment but did not report the substance for which they received treatment.
6 Because of the proportion of respondents in the “substance unspecified” category for treatment, these estimates have added uncertainty. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.84B – Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior Status in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Past Year Status of Major Depressive Episode, Receipt of Mental Health Treatment, Sought or Thought Should Get Mental Health Treatment, Substance Use Disorder, Serious Psychological Distress, and Substance Use Treatment, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Past Year Mental Health or Substance Use Measure Had Serious
Thoughts of
Suicide
(2021)		 Had Serious
Thoughts of
Suicide
(2022)		 Made Any
Suicide
Plans
(2021)		 Made Any
Suicide
Plans
(2022)		 Attempted
Suicide
(2021)		 Attempted
Suicide
(2022)		 None of These
Suicidality
Measures
(2021)		 None of These
Suicidality
Measures
(2022)
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE EPISODE STATUS                
Major Depressive Episode 32.0 33.2 11.3 11.0 5.5 4.6 67.6 66.6
No Major Depressive Episode 2.4 2.5 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.2 97.5 97.4
MENTAL HEALTH TREATMENT AND SOUGHT OR
THOUGHT SHOULD GET TREATMENT STATUS		                
Mental Health Treatment1 -- 13.0 -- 4.2 -- 1.8 -- 86.7
No Mental Health Treatment1 -- 3.0 -- 0.7 -- 0.3 -- 96.9
Sought or Thought Should Get Treatment2 -- 17.3 -- 4.8 -- 1.6 -- 82.3
Did Not Seek Treatment and Did Not Think Should Get Treatment2 -- 2.0 -- 0.4 -- 0.2 -- 97.9
SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER STATUS                
Substance Use Disorder3 13.0 13.4 4.3 4.3 2.2 2.0 86.7 86.2
Alcohol Use Disorder4 11.6 11.8 3.7 4.1 1.9 1.8 88.0 88.0
Drug Use Disorder3 17.6 18.4 6.3 6.3 3.2 2.7 81.9 81.2
No Substance Use Disorder3 3.2 3.3 0.8 0.8 0.4 0.3 96.7 96.6
SERIOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS STATUS                
Serious Psychological Distress 25.2 25.9 8.3 8.4 4.1 3.3 74.3 73.5
No Serious Psychological Distress 1.6 1.6 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 98.3 98.3
SUBSTANCE USE TREATMENT STATUS                
Substance Use Treatment5,6 -- 16.3 -- 5.7 -- 4.1 -- 82.9
No Substance Use Treatment5,6 -- 4.6 -- 1.3 -- 0.5 -- 95.3
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
2 Respondents with unknown data for whether they sought or thought they should get mental health treatment were excluded.
3 Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria. Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
4 Alcohol use disorder (AUD) estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
5 Substance use treatment includes treatment for drug or alcohol use through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; medication-assisted treatment; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center. Substance use treatment questions are asked of respondents who used drugs or alcohol in their lifetime. These estimates include data from respondents who reported that they received any substance use treatment but did not report the substance for which they received treatment.
6 Because of the proportion of respondents in the “substance unspecified” category for treatment, these estimates have added uncertainty. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.85A – Major Depressive Episode, Mental Health Treatment, Sought or Thought Should Get Mental Health Treatment, Substance Use Disorder, Serious Psychological Distress, and Substance Use Treatment Status in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; By Past Year Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior Status, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Past Year Mental Health or Substance Use Measure Had Serious
Thoughts of
Suicide
(2021)		 Had Serious
Thoughts of
Suicide
(2022)		 Made Any
Suicide
Plans
(2021)		 Made Any
Suicide
Plans
(2022)		 Attempted
Suicide
(2021)		 Attempted
Suicide
(2022)		 None of These
Suicidality
Measures
(2021)		 None of These
Suicidality
Measures
(2022)
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE EPISODE STATUS                
Major Depressive Episode 6,889 7,451 2,442 2,474 1,192 1,040 14,563 14,975
No Major Depressive Episode 5,632 5,749 1,181 1,279 619 582 226,401 227,746
MENTAL HEALTH TREATMENT AND SOUGHT OR
THOUGHT SHOULD GET TREATMENT STATUS		                
Mental Health Treatment1 -- 7,276 -- 2,332 -- 999 -- 48,402
No Mental Health Treatment1 -- 5,924 -- 1,421 -- 624 -- 194,318
Sought or Thought Should Get Treatment2 -- 2,092 -- 577 -- 192 -- 9,949
Did Not Seek Treatment and Did Not Think Should Get Treatment2 -- 3,737 -- 782 -- 402 -- 180,694
SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER STATUS                
Substance Use Disorder3 5,779 6,249 1,899 2,018 974 927 38,458 40,097
Alcohol Use Disorder4 3,331 3,402 1,075 1,173 552 518 25,319 25,339
Drug Use Disorder3 3,983a 4,674 1,423 1,591 731 680 18,474a 20,627
No Substance Use Disorder3 6,742 6,950 1,724 1,735 837 696 202,506 202,623
SERIOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS STATUS                
Serious Psychological Distress 8,963 9,700 2,950 3,140 1,467 1,245 26,472 27,550
No Serious Psychological Distress 3,559 3,500 673 613 344 378 214,492 215,170
SUBSTANCE USE TREATMENT STATUS                
Substance Use Treatment5,6 -- 1,943 -- 677 -- 486 -- 9,883
No Substance Use Treatment5,6 -- 11,256 -- 3,076 -- 1,137 -- 232,837
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
2 Respondents with unknown data for whether they sought or thought they should get mental health treatment were excluded.
3 Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria. Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
4 Alcohol use disorder (AUD) estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
5 Substance use treatment includes treatment for drug or alcohol use through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; medication-assisted treatment; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center. Substance use treatment questions are asked of respondents who used drugs or alcohol in their lifetime. These estimates include data from respondents who reported that they received any substance use treatment but did not report the substance for which they received treatment.
6 Because of the proportion of respondents in the “substance unspecified” category for treatment, these estimates have added uncertainty. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.85B – Major Depressive Episode, Mental Health Treatment, Sought or Thought Should Get Mental Health Treatment, Substance Use Disorder, Serious Psychological Distress, and Substance Use Treatment Status in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; By Past Year Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior Status, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Past Year Mental Health or Substance Use Measure Had Serious
Thoughts of
Suicide
(2021)		 Had Serious
Thoughts of
Suicide
(2022)		 Made Any
Suicide
Plans
(2021)		 Made Any
Suicide
Plans
(2022)		 Attempted
Suicide
(2021)		 Attempted
Suicide
(2022)		 None of These
Suicidality
Measures
(2021)		 None of These
Suicidality
Measures
(2022)
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE EPISODE STATUS                
Major Depressive Episode 55.0 56.4 67.4 65.9 65.8 64.1 6.0 6.2
No Major Depressive Episode 45.0 43.6 32.6 34.1 34.2 35.9 94.0 93.8
MENTAL HEALTH TREATMENT AND SOUGHT OR
THOUGHT SHOULD GET TREATMENT STATUS		                
Mental Health Treatment1 -- 55.1 -- 62.1 -- 61.5 -- 19.9
No Mental Health Treatment1 -- 44.9 -- 37.9 -- 38.5 -- 80.1
Sought or Thought Should Get Treatment2 -- 35.9 -- 42.4 -- 32.3 -- 5.2
Did Not Seek Treatment and Did Not Think Should Get Treatment2 -- 64.1 -- 57.6 -- 67.7 -- 94.8
SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER STATUS                
Substance Use Disorder3 46.2 47.3 52.4 53.8 53.8 57.1 16.0 16.5
Alcohol Use Disorder4 26.6 25.8 29.7 31.3 30.5 31.9 10.5 10.4
Drug Use Disorder3 31.8 35.4 39.3 42.4 40.4 41.9 7.7b 8.5
No Substance Use Disorder3 53.8 52.7 47.6 46.2 46.2 42.9 84.0 83.5
SERIOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS STATUS                
Serious Psychological Distress 71.6 73.5 81.4 83.7 81.0 76.7 11.0 11.4
No Serious Psychological Distress 28.4 26.5 18.6 16.3 19.0 23.3 89.0 88.6
SUBSTANCE USE TREATMENT STATUS                
Substance Use Treatment5,6 -- 14.7 -- 18.0 -- 29.9 -- 4.1
No Substance Use Treatment5,6 -- 85.3 -- 82.0 -- 70.1 -- 95.9
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Mental health treatment includes treatment for mental health, emotions, or behavior through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; use of prescription medication; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center.
2 Respondents with unknown data for whether they sought or thought they should get mental health treatment were excluded.
3 Substance use disorder estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria. Beginning with the 2021 NSDUH, questions on prescription drug use disorder were asked of all past year users of prescription drugs, regardless of whether they misused prescription drugs. These estimates include prescription drug use disorder data from all past year users of prescription drugs. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details on these changes.
4 Alcohol use disorder (AUD) estimates are based on DSM-5 criteria.
5 Substance use treatment includes treatment for drug or alcohol use through inpatient treatment/counseling; outpatient treatment/counseling; medication-assisted treatment; telehealth treatment; or treatment received in a prison, jail, or juvenile detention center. Substance use treatment questions are asked of respondents who used drugs or alcohol in their lifetime. These estimates include data from respondents who reported that they received any substance use treatment but did not report the substance for which they received treatment.
6 Because of the proportion of respondents in the “substance unspecified” category for treatment, these estimates have added uncertainty. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
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Table 6.86A – Serious Psychological Distress in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 35,608 37,465 10,548b 11,496 25,060 25,970 17,694 18,187 7,366 7,782
GENDER                    
Male 13,234b 15,409 3,840b 4,696 9,394a 10,713 6,822a 7,907 2,571 2,806
Female 22,374 22,056 6,708 6,800 15,666 15,256 10,871 10,280 4,795 4,976
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino 29,348a 31,172 8,358a 8,942 20,990 22,230 14,647 15,341 6,343 6,889
AIAN 324a 176 * * 187 113 92 87 * 26
Asian 1,654 1,941 582 772 1,072 1,169 763 874 309 295
Black or African American 3,779 3,863 1,162 1,107 2,617 2,757 1,824 2,095 793 662
NHOPI 138 * * * * * * * * *
White 22,334 23,799 6,052 6,541 16,282 17,258 11,334 11,682 4,947 5,576
Two or More Races 1,119 1,174 371 453 748 721 551 504 198 217
Hispanic or Latino 6,260 6,293 2,190a 2,553 4,070 3,740 3,047 2,847 1,023 893
POVERTY LEVEL1                    
Less Than 100% 7,566 7,412 2,643 2,553 4,923 4,859 3,100 3,136 1,823 1,723
100-199% 8,385 8,582 2,752 2,919 5,632 5,663 3,780 3,652 1,852 2,011
200% or More 19,620a 21,471 5,115b 6,023 14,505 15,448 10,814 11,400 3,691 4,048
HEALTH INSURANCE2                    
Private 18,826a 20,753 6,178a 6,983 12,648 13,770 9,488 10,342 3,161 3,427
Medicaid/CHIP 9,710 10,680 2,675 2,920 7,036 7,759 4,887 5,251 2,148 2,508
Other3 6,725 6,299 899 875 5,825 5,423 2,063 1,858 3,763 3,566
No Coverage 4,402 3,992 1,320 1,355 3,082 2,638 2,567a 2,085 515 552
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time 15,075b 17,073 3,776a 4,320 11,299a 12,753 9,303a 10,635 1,996 2,118
Part-Time 6,087 6,372 2,934 3,400 3,153 2,973 2,409 2,114 744 859
Unemployed 3,110 2,810 1,181 1,071 1,930 1,739 1,629 1,349 300 390
Other4 11,335 11,210 2,657 2,705 8,678 8,505 4,352 4,090 4,326 4,415
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
4 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.86B – Serious Psychological Distress in Past Year: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 14.0 14.6 31.5 33.0 11.4 11.7 17.3 17.7 6.2 6.5
GENDER                    
Male 10.7b 12.3 23.0b 26.9 8.8a 10.0 13.4a 15.4 4.6 5.0
Female 17.2 16.8 40.1 39.3 13.8 13.4 21.1 20.0 7.7 7.9
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino 13.9 14.7 32.6 33.7 11.3 12.0 18.1 18.9 6.1 6.6
AIAN 19.7 14.2 * * 14.3 11.0 15.7 15.8 * 5.5
Asian 11.1 12.6 29.8 34.1 8.3 8.9 10.3 11.7 5.6 5.2
Black or African American 12.3 12.5 25.6 23.7 10.0 10.5 13.7 15.6 6.2 5.2
NHOPI 13.7 * * * * * * * * *
White 14.1 15.0 34.2 35.8 11.6 12.3 19.8 20.5 6.0 6.7
Two or More Races 24.5 23.3 40.0 45.2 20.5 17.8 27.0 23.1 12.3 11.6
Hispanic or Latino 14.5 14.2 28.0 30.9 11.5 10.4 14.3 13.2 7.3 6.2
POVERTY LEVEL1                    
Less Than 100% 20.0 20.5 31.2 31.7 16.7 17.3 20.0 20.6 13.1 13.3
100-199% 16.5 17.2 34.3 34.4 13.2 13.7 18.7 19.0 8.2 9.1
200% or More 11.9 12.6 30.3a 33.0 9.8 10.2 16.2 16.7 4.5 4.8
HEALTH INSURANCE2                    
Private 12.2a 13.3 32.7a 35.1 9.3 10.1 15.2 16.1 4.3 4.8
Medicaid/CHIP 20.5 22.2 30.7 31.5 18.2 20.0 22.4 24.2 12.7 14.7
Other3 8.9 8.2 35.3 31.2 8.0 7.3 22.6 20.3 5.9 5.5
No Coverage 17.8 17.2 27.5 29.3 15.4 14.2 17.9 15.8 9.2 10.2
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time 13.2a 14.4 29.7 30.7 11.1 12.2 14.5a 16.0 5.3 5.6
Part-Time 20.0 19.4 35.9 38.7 14.2 12.4 23.3a 18.9 6.3 6.7
Unemployed 23.8 25.5 37.2 33.4 19.5 22.3 25.3 26.8 8.6 14.1
Other4 11.8 11.9 28.2 31.1 10.0 10.0 20.4 20.5 6.6 6.8
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
4 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.87A – Serious Psychological Distress in Past Month: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 19,044 20,180 6,493 6,779 12,551 13,401 8,889 9,260 3,663 4,142
GENDER                    
Male 7,399b 9,091 2,308b 2,786 5,091b 6,304 3,697a 4,412 1,394 1,893
Female 11,646 11,089 4,185 3,992 7,461 7,097 5,192 4,848 2,269 2,249
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino 15,683 16,798 5,104 5,197 10,579 11,600 7,400 7,905 3,179 3,696
AIAN 244 137 * * 134 88 42 66 * 22
Asian 792 1,004 391 500 401 504 326 385 75 119
Black or African American 2,423 2,679 793 744 1,630 1,935 1,134 1,428 496 507
NHOPI 102 * * * * * * * * *
White 11,534 12,069 3,546 3,618 7,989 8,451 5,571 5,642 2,417 2,810
Two or More Races 589 728 221 283 368 445 269 312 99 134
Hispanic or Latino 3,361 3,382 1,389 1,581 1,972 1,801 1,488 1,355 484 446
POVERTY LEVEL1                    
Less Than 100% 4,834 5,033 1,711 1,668 3,123 3,365 2,057 2,184 1,066 1,180
100-199% 4,745 4,955 1,809 1,747 2,936 3,207 2,111 2,077 824 1,130
200% or More 9,441 10,192 2,948 3,363 6,493 6,830 4,721 4,999 1,773 1,831
HEALTH INSURANCE2                    
Private 8,646a 9,657 3,522 3,845 5,124 5,812 3,908 4,348 1,216 1,464
Medicaid/CHIP 6,054 6,841 1,861 1,875 4,194a 4,966 3,033 3,322 1,161 1,643
Other3 3,804 3,759 587 519 3,218 3,240 1,151 1,250 2,066 1,990
No Coverage 2,832 2,426 897 912 1,935 1,514 1,556 1,252 379 262
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time 6,859a 7,865 2,176 2,419 4,683a 5,446 3,912a 4,596 771 851
Part-Time 3,303 3,469 1,728 1,944 1,574 1,526 1,182 1,099 392 427
Unemployed 2,117 1,939 895 729 1,222 1,210 1,016 940 206 270
Other4 6,765 6,907 1,693 1,687 5,072 5,220 2,778 2,625 2,294 2,595
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
4 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.
230725
Table 6.87B – Serious Psychological Distress in Past Month: Among People Aged 18 or Older; by Age Group and Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Percentages, 2021 and 2022
Demographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic Aged 18+
(2021)		 Aged 18+
(2022)		 Aged 18-25
(2021)		 Aged 18-25
(2022)		 Aged 26+
(2021)		 Aged 26+
(2022)		 Aged 26-49
(2021)		 Aged 26-49
(2022)		 Aged 50+
(2021)		 Aged 50+
(2022)
TOTAL 7.5 7.9 19.4 19.5 5.7 6.1 8.7 9.0 3.1 3.5
GENDER                    
Male 6.0b 7.3 13.8a 15.9 4.8a 5.9 7.3a 8.6 2.5 3.4
Female 8.9 8.5 25.0 23.1 6.6 6.2 10.1 9.5 3.7 3.6
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE                    
Not Hispanic or Latino 7.4 7.9 19.9 19.6 5.7 6.3 9.1 9.8 3.1 3.5
AIAN 14.9 11.0 * * 10.2 8.6 7.1 12.0 * 4.6
Asian 5.3 6.5 20.0 22.1 3.1 3.8 4.4 5.2 1.3 2.1
Black or African American 7.9 8.7 17.5 15.9 6.3 7.4 8.5 10.6 3.9 3.9
NHOPI 10.1 * * * * * * * * *
White 7.3 7.6 20.0 19.8 5.7 6.0 9.7 9.9 2.9 3.4
Two or More Races 12.9 14.4 23.9 28.2 10.1 11.0 13.2 14.3 6.1 7.2
Hispanic or Latino 7.8 7.6 17.8 19.1 5.6 5.0 7.0 6.3 3.4 3.1
POVERTY LEVEL1                    
Less Than 100% 12.8 13.9 20.2 20.7 10.6 12.0 13.3 14.4 7.7 9.1
100-199% 9.3 9.9 22.6 20.6 6.9 7.8 10.4 10.8 3.7 5.1
200% or More 5.7 6.0 17.5 18.4 4.4 4.5 7.1 7.3 2.2 2.2
HEALTH INSURANCE2                    
Private 5.6 6.2 18.6 19.3 3.8 4.3 6.3 6.8 1.7 2.0
Medicaid/CHIP 12.8 14.2 21.4 20.2 10.8a 12.8 13.9 15.3 6.9 9.6
Other3 5.1 4.9 23.0 18.5 4.4 4.4 12.6 13.6 3.2 3.1
No Coverage 11.4 10.4 18.7 19.7 9.7 8.1 10.8 9.5 6.8 4.9
EMPLOYMENT STATUS                    
Full-Time 6.0 6.6 17.1 17.2 4.6 5.2 6.1 6.9 2.1 2.2
Part-Time 10.9 10.6 21.2 22.1 7.1 6.3 11.5 9.8 3.3 3.3
Unemployed 16.2 17.6 28.2 22.7 12.3 15.5 15.8 18.6 5.9 9.8
Other4 7.0 7.3 18.0 19.4 5.9 6.1 13.0 13.1 3.5 4.0
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues.
NOTE: Estimates for 2021 may differ from previously published estimates because the 2021 analysis weights were updated to facilitate between-year comparisons. See the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH): Methodological Summary and Definitions for details.
a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2022 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical.
1 Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded.
2 Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive.
3 Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance.
4 Other Employment includes students, people keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled people, or other people not in the labor force.
Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A.
Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2021 and 2022.

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