Section 3 PE Tables - Results from the 2023 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Detailed Tables, SAMHSA, CBHSQ

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Table 3.1A – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Substance Use and Perceived Availability of Substances: Among People Aged 12 or Older; by Age Group, Numbers in Thousands, 2022 and 2023
Specific Substance Risk/Availability	Aged 12+ (2022)	Aged 12+ (2023)	Aged 12-17 (2022)	Aged 12-17 (2023)	Aged 18+ (2022)	Aged 18+ (2023)	Aged 18-25 (2022)	Aged 18-25 (2023)	Aged 26+ (2022)	Aged 26+ (2023)
PERCEPTIONS OF GREAT RISK¹
Cigarettes
Smoke One or More Packs Per Day	191,063	191,247	15,270	15,621	175,793	175,626	21,538^b	20,370	154,255	155,257
Marijuana
Smoke Once a Month	56,401	57,051	4,879^b	5,443	51,522	51,609	3,596	3,808	47,926	47,801
Smoke Once or Twice a Week	69,523	70,416	7,864^a	8,390	61,658	62,026	4,695	4,871	56,964	57,155
Cocaine
Use Once a Month	182,206	180,750	12,041	12,202	170,165	168,548	20,102^b	19,257	150,063	149,292
Use Once or Twice a Week	230,588	229,028	19,054	19,062	211,535	209,966	27,705^b	26,697	183,829	183,269
Heroin
Try Once or Twice	226,207	225,697	13,513	13,850	212,694	211,848	26,573^b	25,301	186,121	186,546
Use Once or Twice a Week	254,736	254,680	18,801^a	19,219	235,936	235,461	31,354^b	30,028	204,581	205,433
LSD
Try Once or Twice	157,861	155,134	9,092	9,543	148,770^a	145,591	13,349	13,068	135,420^a	132,523
Use Once or Twice a Week	201,713	199,507	14,378	14,836	187,334^a	184,671	20,787^b	19,979	166,547	164,692
Alcohol
Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	121,420^b	127,378	10,127^a	10,690	111,293^b	116,688	13,364	13,130	97,929^b	103,558
Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day	190,922	192,867	16,215^b	17,096	174,708	175,771	22,597^b	21,670	152,111	154,100
PERCEIVED AVAILABILITY²
Fairly or Very Easy to Obtain
Marijuana	179,667	182,196	9,368	9,775	170,298	172,421	25,639^b	24,434	144,659^a	147,986
Cocaine	53,159	53,749	2,071	2,004	51,089	51,745	7,761^b	6,989	43,328	44,756
Crack	42,776	41,001	1,961	1,869	40,816	39,132	4,425	4,015	36,390	35,117
Heroin	36,807	35,996	1,400	1,330	35,407	34,666	3,718	3,468	31,689	31,198
LSD	37,294	36,787	2,300	2,193	34,994	34,593	7,388^b	6,441	27,605	28,152
Approached in the Past Month by Someone Selling Drugs	12,301	11,499	1,630	1,702	10,671	9,797	2,831^a	2,400	7,841	7,397
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents with unknown perception of risk data were excluded from the respective analyses. ² Respondents with unknown perceived availability data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

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Table 3.1B – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Substance Use and Perceived Availability of Substances: Among People Aged 12 or Older; by Age Group, Percentages, 2022 and 2023
Specific Substance Risk/Availability	Aged 12+ (2022)	Aged 12+ (2023)	Aged 12-17 (2022)	Aged 12-17 (2023)	Aged 18+ (2022)	Aged 18+ (2023)	Aged 18-25 (2022)	Aged 18-25 (2023)	Aged 26+ (2022)	Aged 26+ (2023)
PERCEPTIONS OF GREAT RISK¹
Cigarettes
Smoke One or More Packs Per Day	68.5	68.3	60.5	61.5	69.3	69.0	62.5^a	60.5	70.3	70.3
Marijuana
Smoke Once a Month	20.3	20.5	19.5^b	21.6	20.4	20.4	10.4	11.3	21.9	21.8
Smoke Once or Twice a Week	25.0	25.3	31.4^a	33.3	24.4	24.5	13.6	14.5	26.1	26.1
Cocaine
Use Once a Month	65.8	65.0	48.3	48.7	67.5	66.7	58.6	57.6	68.9	68.0
Use Once or Twice a Week	83.2^a	82.3	76.3	76.0	83.8^a	83.0	80.8	79.8	84.3	83.4
Heroin
Try Once or Twice	81.7	81.3	54.7	55.7	84.3	83.8	77.5^a	75.6	85.4	85.0
Use Once or Twice a Week	91.9	91.6	76.0	77.2	93.5	93.0	91.4^b	89.7	93.8	93.6
LSD
Try Once or Twice	57.5^a	56.4	38.2	39.5	59.4^a	58.1	39.2	39.4	62.5^a	60.9
Use Once or Twice a Week	73.5^a	72.5	60.3	61.4	74.7^a	73.6	61.1	60.2	76.9^a	75.6
Alcohol
Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	43.6^b	45.6	40.2	42.1	43.9^b	45.9	38.8	39.1	44.7^b	46.9
Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day	68.5	68.9	64.2^b	67.3	69.0	69.1	65.6	64.3	69.5	69.8
PERCEIVED AVAILABILITY²
Fairly or Very Easy to Obtain
Marijuana	65.4	66.2	37.7	39.1	68.2	68.9	75.0^a	73.0	67.1	68.3
Cocaine	19.6	19.8	8.4	8.1	20.7	21.0	22.9^a	21.2	20.3	20.9
Crack	15.8	15.1	8.0	7.6	16.5	15.9	13.1	12.2	17.1	16.5
Heroin	13.6	13.3	5.7	5.4	14.4	14.1	11.0	10.5	14.9	14.6
LSD	13.8	13.6	9.5	9.1	14.2	14.1	21.8^b	19.6	13.0	13.2
Approached in the Past Month by Someone Selling Drugs	4.4	4.1	6.4	6.6	4.2	3.8	8.2^a	7.1	3.6	3.3
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents with unknown perception of risk data were excluded from the respective analyses. ² Respondents with unknown perceived availability data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

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Table 3.2A – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Cigarette and Alcohol Use: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	CIGARETTES		ALCOHOL
	Smoke One or More Packs Per Day		Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week		Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day
	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023
TOTAL	15,270	15,621	10,127^a	10,690	16,215^b	17,096
AGE GROUP
12-13	4,914	4,675	3,436	3,264	5,162	5,158
14-15	5,392	5,431	3,493	3,810	5,773	5,971
16-17	4,964^a	5,515	3,197^a	3,616	5,280^a	5,968
SEX
Male	7,529	7,721	4,759^a	5,144	7,794^b	8,243
Female	7,741	7,900	5,367	5,545	8,421^b	8,854
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	11,476	11,549	7,382	7,717	12,110^b	12,661
AIAN	129	119	86	96	123	126
Asian	1,049	950	783	673	1,192	1,148
Black or African American	1,891	2,042	1,755	1,897	2,192	2,383
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	7,813	7,849	4,400	4,631	8,029	8,314
Two or More Races	565	564	336	376	537	636
Hispanic or Latino	3,794	4,072	2,744	2,973	4,104^a	4,435
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	8,953	8,859	6,040	6,088	9,709	9,847
Small Metro	4,665	4,843	2,979	3,287	4,861	5,305
Nonmetro	1,652	1,920	1,107	1,315	1,644	1,944
Urbanized	701	661	454	466	707	731
Less Urbanized	789^a	1,077	558^a	743	779^a	1,055
Completely Rural	*	181	95	105	158	158
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown perception of risk data were excluded from the respective analyses. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

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Table 3.2B – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Cigarette and Alcohol Use: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	CIGARETTES		ALCOHOL
	Smoke One or More Packs Per Day		Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week		Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day
	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023
TOTAL	60.5	61.5	40.2	42.1	64.2^b	67.3
AGE GROUP
12-13	60.2	60.9	42.4	42.5	63.5^a	66.9
14-15	60.3	60.4	39.1^a	42.5	64.3	66.6
16-17	61.0	63.1	39.3	41.4	64.8^a	68.3
SEX
Male	58.4	59.4	37.0	39.7	60.4^a	63.7
Female	62.6	63.6	43.6	44.6	68.2^a	71.0
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	61.3	61.5	39.5	41.2	64.6^b	67.6
AIAN	63.7	52.6	40.4	42.5	57.4	55.7
Asian	66.0	67.4	49.7	47.5	75.1	80.0
Black or African American	55.0	57.9	51.3	54.6	64.2	68.6
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	61.9	62.2	35.0	36.7	63.5	65.9
Two or More Races	68.3	62.2	40.9	41.4	65.3	70.1
Hispanic or Latino	58.2	61.3	42.1	44.6	63.0	66.4
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	61.6	63.6	41.6	43.6	66.6^b	70.6
Small Metro	59.5	59.5	38.2	40.6	62.1^a	65.3
Nonmetro	57.5	57.4	38.9	39.4	57.4	58.2
Urbanized	58.0	54.9	37.8	38.7	58.9	60.7
Less Urbanized	56.8	58.7	40.8	40.6	56.4	57.6
Completely Rural	*	59.8	34.4	34.8	56.7	52.3
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown perception of risk data were excluded from the respective analyses. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

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Table 3.3A – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Marijuana and Cocaine Use: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	MARIJUANA				COCAINE
	Smoke Once a Month		Smoke Once or Twice a Week		Use Once a Month		Use Once or Twice a Week
	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023
TOTAL	4,879^b	5,443	7,864^a	8,390	12,041	12,202	19,054	19,062
AGE GROUP
12-13	2,193	2,101	3,511	3,348	3,286	3,263	5,642	5,214
14-15	1,694	1,948	2,805	2,920	4,204	4,217	6,782	6,792
16-17	992^b	1,394	1,549^b	2,122	4,551	4,722	6,630	7,056
SEX
Male	2,350^a	2,695	3,877	4,079	6,100	6,338	9,784	9,781
Female	2,529	2,748	3,988	4,311	5,941	5,864	9,270	9,281
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	3,580^a	3,906	5,911^b	6,441	8,926	8,955	14,248	14,236
AIAN	32	50	*	78	109	97	155	145
Asian	359	358	721	685	670	551	1,190	1,020
Black or African American	837	864	970	1,082	1,950	1,980	2,449	2,525
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	2,246	2,450	3,892	4,267	5,791	5,849	9,785	9,777
Two or More Races	91^b	170	237	311	370	436	629	705
Hispanic or Latino	1,299	1,536	1,953	1,949	3,115	3,247	4,806	4,826
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	2,803	2,897	4,642	4,503	6,813	6,499	11,100	10,411
Small Metro	1,453^a	1,751	2,319^a	2,739	3,747	3,978	5,790	6,099
Nonmetro	623	795	903^a	1,147	1,481	1,725	2,164	2,551
Urbanized	232	276	326	383	608	599	894	924
Less Urbanized	335	436	489	628	714^a	993	1,055^a	1,399
Completely Rural	*	*	*	*	*	132	215	228
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown perception of risk data were excluded from the respective analyses. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

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Table 3.3B – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Marijuana and Cocaine Use: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	MARIJUANA				COCAINE
	Smoke Once a Month		Smoke Once or Twice a Week		Use Once a Month		Use Once or Twice a Week
	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023
TOTAL	19.5^b	21.6	31.4^a	33.3	48.3	48.7	76.3	76.0
AGE GROUP
12-13	27.5	27.8	43.8	44.2	41.1	43.7	70.3	69.7
14-15	19.0^a	21.8	31.5	32.6	47.5	47.4	76.4	76.3
16-17	12.2^b	16.0	19.1^b	24.4	56.4	54.3	82.1	81.2
SEX
Male	18.4^a	21.0	30.3	31.7	47.9	49.7	76.6	76.6
Female	20.6	22.2	32.5	34.8	48.7	47.7	76.0	75.4
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	19.3^a	21.0	31.8^b	34.6	48.3	48.5	76.9	77.0
AIAN	14.6	22.3	*	35.3	51.3	43.0	73.0	64.6
Asian	22.9	25.5	45.6	48.9	42.6	39.7	75.5	73.3
Black or African American	24.5	24.8	28.5	31.1	57.5	57.9	72.1	73.8
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	18.0	19.6	31.2^a	34.1	46.5	47.0	78.3	78.5
Two or More Races	11.3^a	18.8	29.1	34.5	46.5	48.6	78.7	78.5
Hispanic or Latino	20.1	23.2	30.2	29.4	48.3	49.3	74.5	73.2
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	19.4	20.9	32.1	32.6	47.4	47.2	77.0	75.6
Small Metro	18.8^a	21.7	30.0^b	33.9	48.6	49.7	74.9	76.1
Nonmetro	22.0	24.0	32.0	34.5	52.3	52.4	76.1	77.5
Urbanized	19.5	23.1	27.3	31.9	51.0	50.1	74.4	77.3
Less Urbanized	24.5	24.1	35.8	34.5	52.4	54.9	77.2	77.4
Completely Rural	*	*	*	*	*	45.7	77.7	79.1
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown perception of risk data were excluded from the respective analyses. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

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Table 3.4A – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Heroin and LSD Use: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	HEROIN				LSD
	Try Once or Twice		Use Once or Twice a Week		Try Once or Twice		Use Once or Twice a Week
	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023
TOTAL	13,513	13,850	18,801^a	19,219	9,092	9,543	14,378	14,836
AGE GROUP
12-13	3,435	3,353	5,242	4,871	2,803	2,769	4,251	4,103
14-15	4,731	4,935	6,778	7,036	3,135	3,362	5,073	5,281
16-17	5,346	5,563	6,781	7,312	3,153	3,412	5,055	5,453
SEX
Male	6,952^a	7,338	9,645	9,880	4,581	4,876	7,302	7,467
Female	6,561	6,512	9,155	9,339	4,511	4,667	7,076	7,369
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	9,824	10,036	14,060	14,292	6,533	6,871	10,655	10,967
AIAN	129	122	147	147	82	74	118	109
Asian	661	614	1,153	1,026	480	491	846	806
Black or African American	1,938	2,052	2,275	2,441	1,527	1,586	1,887	1,974
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	6,665	6,700	9,847	9,910	4,171	4,341	7,281	7,474
Two or More Races	406	506	607	709	253^a	347	496	567
Hispanic or Latino	3,689	3,814	4,741	4,927	2,559	2,671	3,724	3,869
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	7,674	7,562	10,835	10,544	5,138	5,079	8,290	8,073
Small Metro	4,242	4,356	5,843	6,117	2,829	3,123	4,506	4,741
Nonmetro	1,597^a	1,932	2,123^a	2,558	1,124	1,341	1,583^b	2,022
Urbanized	682	689	909	934	443	466	660	698
Less Urbanized	759^b	1,054	999^b	1,402	561	736	773^b	1,124
Completely Rural	*	188	*	*	*	*	150	199
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown perception of risk data were excluded from the respective analyses. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

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Table 3.4B – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Heroin and LSD Use: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	HEROIN				LSD
	Try Once or Twice		Use Once or Twice a Week		Try Once or Twice		Use Once or Twice a Week
	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023
TOTAL	54.7	55.7	76.0	77.2	38.2	39.5	60.3	61.4
AGE GROUP
12-13	43.9	45.6	67.1	66.3	37.8	39.3	57.3	58.1
14-15	53.7	55.8	76.7	79.2	37.0	39.2	59.8	61.6
16-17	66.2	64.1	83.9	84.3	39.9	40.0	63.8	63.8
SEX
Male	55.2^a	58.0	76.5	77.9	37.7	39.6	60.1	60.5
Female	54.1	53.3	75.5	76.4	38.7	39.4	60.6	62.2
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	53.5	54.7	76.5	77.9	37.0	38.6	60.3	61.6
AIAN	60.6	54.6	69.2	65.9	39.3	34.4	56.4	50.4
Asian	42.4	44.1	73.6	73.6	31.4	36.5	55.5	59.8
Black or African American	57.9	60.3	67.9	71.7	47.1	47.5	58.6	59.7
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	53.8	54.2	79.4	80.1	35.1	36.3	61.2	62.4
Two or More Races	51.3	57.0	76.4	80.0	33.1	40.5	64.3	65.6
Hispanic or Latino	57.9	58.5	74.6	75.2	41.6	42.0	60.5	60.6
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	53.8	55.3	76.1	77.2	37.5	38.4	60.4	60.9
Small Metro	55.4	54.9	76.3	76.8	38.2	40.3	60.8	61.1
Nonmetro	56.7	59.1	75.1	78.0	41.8	42.5	58.5^a	64.0
Urbanized	57.9	58.0	77.0	78.5	38.7	40.4	57.5	60.5
Less Urbanized	55.8	58.5	72.7	77.9	43.6	42.5	59.9	64.9
Completely Rural	*	68.5	*	*	*	*	55.5^b	73.6
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown perception of risk data were excluded from the respective analyses. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

240507

Table 3.5A – Perceived That Obtaining Specific Illicit Drugs Would Be Fairly or Very Easy: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/ Geographic Characteristic	Marijuana (2022)	Marijuana (2023)	Cocaine (2022)	Cocaine (2023)	Crack (2022)	Crack (2023)	Heroin (2022)	Heroin (2023)	LSD (2022)	LSD (2023)
TOTAL	9,368	9,775	2,071	2,004	1,961	1,869	1,400	1,330	2,300	2,193
AGE GROUP
12-13	1,227	1,209	494	425	542	442	389^a	293	326	302
14-15	3,285	3,552	680	673	691	672	500	503	738	739
16-17	4,857	5,014	898	906	728	755	511	535	1,236	1,152
SEX
Male	4,510^a	4,882	854	809	797	754	608	568	1,008	1,063
Female	4,858	4,893	1,216	1,194	1,164	1,115	792	762	1,293	1,130
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	6,907	7,019	1,507	1,344	1,534^a	1,295	1,075^a	888	1,695	1,494
AIAN	59	60	5	13	*	16	*	13	9^a	24
Asian	375	432	101	95	120	130	114	57	138	92
Black or African American	1,197	1,126	294	232	330	246	224	195	253	230
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	4,926	4,987	1,027	921	997	824	663	575	1,189	1,050
Two or More Races	335	366	79	77	75	77	61	46	106	89
Hispanic or Latino	2,461	2,756	564	660	427^a	574	325	442	605	700
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	5,422	5,548	1,173	1,020	1,077	971	744	704	1,333	1,263
Small Metro	2,979	3,020	680	725	610	636	476	421	763	697
Nonmetro	968^a	1,207	217	259	273	263	180	204	205	233
Urbanized	454	448	97	105	109	105	84	61	83	102
Less Urbanized	431^b	681	93	139	130	135	68	131	113	116
Completely Rural	*	78	*	15	*	*	*	*	9	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown perceived availability data were excluded from the respective analyses. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

240507

Table 3.5B – Perceived That Obtaining Specific Illicit Drugs Would Be Fairly or Very Easy: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/ Geographic Characteristic	Marijuana (2022)	Marijuana (2023)	Cocaine (2022)	Cocaine (2023)	Crack (2022)	Crack (2023)	Heroin (2022)	Heroin (2023)	LSD (2022)	LSD (2023)
TOTAL	37.7	39.1	8.4	8.1	8.0	7.6	5.7	5.4	9.5	9.1
AGE GROUP
12-13	15.5	16.4	6.3	5.8	6.9	6.0	5.0	4.0	4.3	4.3
14-15	37.3	40.0	7.8	7.6	7.9	7.6	5.7	5.7	8.6	8.5
16-17	60.1	57.6	11.2	10.6	9.1	8.8	6.4	6.2	15.6	13.6
SEX
Male	35.6^a	38.4	6.8	6.4	6.4	6.0	4.9	4.5	8.2	8.6
Female	39.9	39.9	10.1	9.8	9.7	9.2	6.6	6.3	11.0	9.5
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	37.6	38.2	8.3	7.4	8.4^a	7.1	5.9^a	4.9	9.5	8.4
AIAN	27.9	27.8	2.5	6.2	*	7.3	*	6.1	4.1^a	11.5
Asian	24.1	31.2	6.5	7.0	7.7	9.6	7.4	4.1	9.2	6.9
Black or African American	35.2	32.5	8.7	6.7	9.8	7.1	6.7	5.7	7.6	6.8
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	39.9	40.4	8.4	7.5	8.2^a	6.7	5.4	4.7	9.9	8.8
Two or More Races	42.3	41.1	10.0	8.8	9.5	8.7	7.8	5.3	13.7	10.4
Hispanic or Latino	38.1	41.9	8.8	10.1	6.7	8.8	5.1	6.8	9.6	10.9
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	37.9	40.5	8.3	7.5	7.6	7.1	5.3	5.2	9.6	9.5
Small Metro	38.7	37.8	8.9	9.2	8.0	8.0	6.3	5.3	10.1	9.0
Nonmetro	34.5	36.6	7.8	8.0	9.8	8.1	6.5	6.3	7.6	7.3
Urbanized	38.1	37.5	8.2	8.9	9.2	9.0	7.2	5.2	7.2	8.8
Less Urbanized	32.1	37.9	7.0	7.8	9.8	7.6	5.1	7.4	8.8	6.7
Completely Rural	*	25.5	*	5.0	*	*	*	*	3.2	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown perceived availability data were excluded from the respective analyses. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

240507

Table 3.6A – Perceived That Parents Would Strongly Disapprove of Their Substance Use Behaviors: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE BEHAVIOR
	Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		Trying Marijuana Once or Twice		Using Marijuana Once a Month or More		Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Nearly Every Day
	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023
TOTAL	23,625	23,773	20,866	21,051	21,574	21,741	22,714^b	23,089
AGE GROUP
12-13	7,726	7,318	7,603	7,086	7,703	7,189	7,581	7,212
14-15	8,425	8,440	7,395	7,393	7,733	7,687	8,091	8,204
16-17	7,475	8,015	5,868^a	6,572	6,139^a	6,866	7,041^a	7,673
SEX
Male	12,087	12,146	10,799	10,826	11,096	11,172	11,549^b	11,796
Female	11,538	11,627	10,067	10,224	10,478	10,569	11,164	11,293
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	17,566	17,625	15,414	15,474	15,998	15,979	16,891	17,099
AIAN	177	187	*	175	162	187	171	191
Asian	1,546	1,379	1,510	1,342	1,523	1,347	1,526	1,365
Black or African American	3,056	3,143	2,778	2,812	2,851	2,889	3,014	3,088
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	11,946	12,005	10,276	10,359	10,730	10,740	11,393	11,544
Two or More Races	783	851	635	718	670	750	725	842
Hispanic or Latino	6,059	6,147	5,452	5,577	5,576	5,762	5,823^a	5,990
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	13,753	13,190	12,219	11,631	12,638	12,000	13,340	12,840
Small Metro	7,251	7,524	6,280	6,654	6,493	6,886	6,865	7,294
Nonmetro	2,621	3,059	2,367	2,767	2,443	2,854	2,508	2,956
Urbanized	1,113	1,109	982	969	1,020	1,006	1,046	1,066
Less Urbanized	1,258^a	1,666	1,156^a	1,536	1,184^a	1,583	1,219^a	1,631
Completely Rural	*	284	*	*	*	*	*	259
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown perceptions of parents’ feelings data were excluded from the respective analyses. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

240507

Table 3.6B – Perceived That Parents Would Strongly Disapprove of Their Substance Use Behaviors: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE BEHAVIOR
	Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		Trying Marijuana Once or Twice		Using Marijuana Once a Month or More		Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Nearly Every Day
	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023
TOTAL	93.5	93.3	82.7	82.7	85.6	85.5	89.9	90.7
AGE GROUP
12-13	94.3	94.3	92.8	91.5	94.1	92.8	92.7	93.2
14-15	94.5	93.7	82.8	82.1	86.8	85.5	90.5	91.2
16-17	91.7	92.0	72.3^a	75.5	75.7^a	78.9	86.6	87.9
SEX
Male	93.9	93.3	83.9	83.4	86.3	86.0	89.7	90.7
Female	93.1	93.2	81.4	82.0	84.9	84.9	90.2	90.6
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	93.7	93.6	82.2	82.3	85.5	85.0	90.1	91.0
AIAN	84.8	81.7	*	76.7	77.5	81.8	86.4	83.6
Asian	97.5	96.7	96.4	93.9	96.9	94.7	96.2	95.6
Black or African American	89.6	89.3	82.0	80.0	84.7	82.3	89.0	87.8
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	94.4	94.8	81.0	82.0	84.7	85.0	89.8^a	91.4
Two or More Races	94.2	93.0	76.7	78.3	80.8	81.7	87.4^a	92.6
Hispanic or Latino	93.1	92.3	83.9	83.9	85.9	86.6	89.5	89.8
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	94.2	94.0	83.8	83.1	86.8	85.7	91.5	91.6
Small Metro	93.1	92.3	80.5	81.6	83.4	84.4	88.0	89.4
Nonmetro	91.3	92.7	82.5	83.9	85.2	86.8	87.4	89.7
Urbanized	91.3	92.5	80.7	81.1	84.0	84.4	85.8	89.2
Less Urbanized	91.4	92.5	83.9	85.5	86.0	88.1	88.5	90.6
Completely Rural	*	94.4	*	*	*	*	*	86.2
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown perceptions of parents’ feelings data were excluded from the respective analyses. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

240507

Table 3.7A – Perceived That Close Friends Would Strongly Disapprove or Somewhat Disapprove of Their Substance Use Behaviors: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE BEHAVIOR
	Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		Trying Marijuana Once or Twice		Using Marijuana Once a Month or More		Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Nearly Every Day
	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023
TOTAL	22,984	23,150	19,499^a	20,029	19,938^a	20,341	22,328^b	22,754
AGE GROUP
12-13	7,575	7,208	7,428	7,084	7,464	7,106	7,555	7,191
14-15	8,080	8,114	6,878	7,097	7,101	7,236	7,909	8,010
16-17	7,330	7,828	5,193^a	5,847	5,374^a	5,999	6,864^a	7,553
SEX
Male	11,674^a	11,906	10,091^a	10,405	10,306	10,541	11,395^b	11,772
Female	11,311	11,244	9,407	9,623	9,632	9,800	10,933	10,982
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	17,257	17,108	14,626	14,860	15,020	15,070	16,794	16,845
AIAN	*	194	*	183	*	179	*	192
Asian	1,546	1,329	1,429	1,250	1,435	1,249	1,522	1,342
Black or African American	3,004	3,068	2,518	2,655	2,552	2,676	2,878	3,005
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	11,721	11,616	9,865	10,040	10,203	10,234	11,441	11,422
Two or More Races	764	830	607	663	613	674	735	812
Hispanic or Latino	5,727^b	6,042	4,872^a	5,169	4,918^b	5,271	5,535^b	5,909
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	13,335	12,831	11,230	10,920	11,510	11,142	13,079	12,620
Small Metro	7,100	7,350	5,946	6,427	6,068	6,532	6,750	7,214
Nonmetro	2,550	2,969	2,323	2,682	2,361	2,667	2,500	2,921
Urbanized	1,083	1,053	953	955	978	951	1,062	1,063
Less Urbanized	1,224^a	1,646	1,147^a	1,494	1,156^a	1,475	1,201^a	1,588
Completely Rural	*	270	*	233	*	241	*	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown perceptions of close friends’ feelings data were excluded from the respective analyses. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

240507

Table 3.7B – Perceived That Close Friends Would Strongly Disapprove or Somewhat Disapprove of Their Substance Use Behaviors: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE BEHAVIOR
	Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		Trying Marijuana Once or Twice		Using Marijuana Once a Month or More		Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Nearly Every Day
	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023
TOTAL	91.3	91.4	77.5	79.1	79.3	80.4	88.7^a	89.9
AGE GROUP
12-13	92.7	93.6	91.0	92.0	91.6	92.3	92.7	93.5
14-15	90.8	90.8	77.4	79.6	80.0	81.1	88.7	89.6
16-17	90.3	90.1	63.9	67.3	66.3	69.1	84.6^a	86.9
SEX
Male	91.1	92.0	78.8	80.5	80.5	81.5	88.9^a	90.9
Female	91.4	90.9	76.1	77.7	78.0	79.2	88.5	88.9
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	92.1	91.5	78.1	79.5	80.3	80.6	89.6	90.2
AIAN	*	85.4	*	80.2	*	78.7	*	84.6
Asian	97.0^a	93.3	90.0	87.7	90.4	87.7	95.8	94.1
Black or African American	88.2	88.2	73.9	76.4	75.1	77.1	84.5	86.3
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	92.7	92.3	78.1	79.8	80.8	81.4	90.4	90.9
Two or More Races	92.8	91.1	74.0	72.7	74.7	74.0	89.5	89.1
Hispanic or Latino	88.8^a	91.3	75.5	78.1	76.4	79.6	85.9^a	89.2
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	91.7	92.0	77.3	78.4	79.2	79.9	90.0	90.5
Small Metro	91.2	91.0	76.5^a	79.5	78.4	80.9	86.9^a	89.2
Nonmetro	89.0	90.1	81.0	81.4	82.3	81.0	86.9	89.2
Urbanized	89.9	88.4	78.8	80.1	80.8	80.0	87.2	90.4
Less Urbanized	88.4	91.4	82.9	83.0	83.5	82.0	86.8	88.4
Completely Rural	*	89.4	*	76.7	*	79.1	*	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown perceptions of close friends’ feelings data were excluded from the respective analyses. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

240507

Table 3.8A – Strongly Disapproved or Somewhat Disapproved of Peers’ Substance Use Behaviors: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE BEHAVIOR
	Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		Trying Marijuana Once or Twice		Using Marijuana Once a Month or More		Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Nearly Every Day
	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023
TOTAL	23,262	23,493	19,732^a	20,153	19,878^a	20,285	22,500^a	22,833
AGE GROUP
12-13	7,651	7,268	7,471	7,122	7,468	7,163	7,633	7,277
14-15	8,174	8,318	6,967	7,135	7,024	7,171	7,854	8,036
16-17	7,436	7,908	5,294^a	5,897	5,386^a	5,951	7,013	7,519
SEX
Male	12,018	12,120	10,429	10,608	10,515	10,664	11,607	11,738
Female	11,244	11,373	9,302	9,545	9,363	9,621	10,894	11,095
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	17,396	17,402	14,603	14,916	14,861	15,040	16,905	17,000
AIAN	180	197	*	181	*	179	*	193
Asian	1,533	1,333	1,422	1,208	1,426	1,204	1,504	1,307
Black or African American	3,049	3,092	2,605	2,661	2,561	2,633	2,909	2,984
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	11,804	11,870	9,738	10,124	10,033	10,287	11,508	11,631
Two or More Races	772	837	639	679	640	673	751	819
Hispanic or Latino	5,865^b	6,091	5,129	5,237	5,017	5,244	5,595^b	5,833
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	13,528	12,874	11,425	10,884	11,500	10,975	13,109	12,580
Small Metro	7,099	7,573	5,979	6,536	6,046	6,593	6,880	7,304
Nonmetro	2,635	3,046	2,328	2,733	2,333	2,717	2,512	2,949
Urbanized	1,112	1,082	957	984	969	959	1,041	1,068
Less Urbanized	1,269^a	1,687	1,153^a	1,495	1,141^a	1,505	1,227^a	1,630
Completely Rural	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown feelings about peers data were excluded from the respective analyses. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

240507

Table 3.8B – Strongly Disapproved or Somewhat Disapproved of Peers’ Substance Use Behaviors: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE BEHAVIOR
	Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes Per Day		Trying Marijuana Once or Twice		Using Marijuana Once a Month or More		Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Nearly Every Day
	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023
TOTAL	91.9	92.1	78.0	79.1	78.5	79.6	88.9	89.7
AGE GROUP
12-13	93.1	93.7	91.0	91.8	90.7	92.3	92.7	93.8
14-15	91.3	92.2	77.8	79.1	78.5	79.6	87.9	89.3
16-17	91.5	90.7	65.1	67.7	66.3	68.4	86.1	86.5
SEX
Male	93.3	93.0	81.0	81.5	81.6	82.0	90.1	90.3
Female	90.5	91.2	74.9	76.6	75.3	77.2	87.6	89.0
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	92.5	92.4	77.6	79.3	79.0	79.9	89.8	90.4
AIAN	84.1	86.2	*	79.3	*	78.6	*	84.7
Asian	96.9	93.3	89.8	84.6	90.2^a	84.3	94.6	91.5
Black or African American	89.5	87.9	76.3	75.7	74.9	75.1	85.3	85.3
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	92.9	93.7	76.6^b	80.0	79.0^a	81.3	90.6	91.9
Two or More Races	93.0	91.5	77.1	74.2	77.3	73.5	90.3	89.4
Hispanic or Latino	90.2	91.3	79.1	78.6	77.2	78.8	86.2	87.6
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	92.6	91.9	78.2	77.8	78.7	78.4	89.7	89.9
Small Metro	90.8^a	92.7	76.7^a	80.0	77.4^b	80.7	88.1	89.5
Nonmetro	91.4	91.8	80.7	82.4	80.8	82.1	87.0	89.1
Urbanized	91.3	90.3	78.7	81.5	79.6	80.2	85.4	89.3
Less Urbanized	91.5	92.9	82.7	82.7	81.7	83.2	88.1	90.1
Completely Rural	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown feelings about peers data were excluded from the respective analyses. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

240507

Table 3.9A – Participated in a Prevention Program or Group in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	PREVENTION PROGRAM OR GROUP
	Problem-Solving, Communication Skills, or Self-Esteem Group		Violence Prevention Program		Pregnancy or Sexually Transmitted Disease Prevention Program
	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023
TOTAL	4,569	4,520	1,745	1,858	883	1,004
AGE GROUP
12-13	1,557	1,360	769	765	192	278
14-15	1,749	1,665	598	602	370	437
16-17	1,262^a	1,495	379	491	321	289
SEX
Male	2,129	2,237	880	899	455	509
Female	2,440	2,282	865	960	428	494
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	3,512	3,390	1,326	1,369	620	718
AIAN	37	47	13	20	7	7
Asian	384	319	77	92	48	64
Black or African American	745	626	457	387	151	171
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	2,214	2,216	740	800	396	451
Two or More Races	128	174	38	65	18	24
Hispanic or Latino	1,057	1,129	419	489	263	286
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	2,754	2,531	1,001	1,044	506	545
Small Metro	1,311	1,467	489	566	262	312
Nonmetro	504	522	255	248	116	146
Urbanized	246	197	119	87	69	59
Less Urbanized	225	272	125	138	41	83
Completely Rural	34	53	11	23	5	4
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown prevention program or group participation data were excluded from the respective analyses. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

240507

Table 3.9B – Participated in a Prevention Program or Group in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	PREVENTION PROGRAM OR GROUP
	Problem-Solving, Communication Skills, or Self-Esteem Group		Violence Prevention Program		Pregnancy or Sexually Transmitted Disease Prevention Program
	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023
TOTAL	18.3	18.1	6.9	7.3	3.5	3.9
AGE GROUP
12-13	19.5	18.3	9.5	10.0	2.3^a	3.6
14-15	19.7	18.7	6.7	6.7	4.1	4.8
16-17	15.6	17.3	4.7	5.6	3.9	3.3
SEX
Male	16.8	17.6	6.9	6.9	3.5	3.9
Female	19.9	18.6	7.0	7.7	3.4	4.0
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	18.9	18.4	7.1	7.3	3.3	3.8
AIAN	17.9	20.6	6.0	8.6	3.2	3.1
Asian	24.3	23.3	4.9	6.5	3.0	4.5
Black or African American	21.9^a	18.0	13.3	11.0	4.4	4.8
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	17.7	17.9	5.9	6.3	3.1	3.6
Two or More Races	15.9	19.6	4.7	7.3	2.2	2.6
Hispanic or Latino	16.5	17.3	6.5	7.4	4.0	4.3
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	19.1	18.4	6.9	7.5	3.5	3.9
Small Metro	17.0	18.3	6.3	7.0	3.3	3.8
Nonmetro	17.9	16.0	9.0	7.5	4.0	4.4
Urbanized	20.8	16.7	9.9	7.3	5.8	4.9
Less Urbanized	16.5	15.2	9.2	7.6	3.0	4.5
Completely Rural	12.3	18.4	3.9	7.6	1.9	1.5
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown prevention program or group participation data were excluded from the respective analyses. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

240507

Table 3.10A – Participated in a Substance Use Program or Exposed to Substance Use Prevention Message in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE PROGRAM OR PREVENTION MESSAGE
	Participated in Alcohol, Tobacco, or Drug Prevention Program Outside of School		Saw or Heard Alcohol or Drug Prevention Message from Sources Outside School		Talked to Parents about Dangers of Tobacco, Alcohol, or Drug Use
	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023
TOTAL	1,592^a	1,860	15,650^a	16,213	12,868^b	13,547
AGE GROUP
12-13	525	637	4,391	4,391	3,991	3,773
14-15	593	705	5,753	5,809	4,813	5,086
16-17	474	518	5,506	6,012	4,064^b	4,687
SEX
Male	780	922	7,797	8,120	6,465	6,675
Female	812	938	7,854	8,093	6,403^b	6,872
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	1,175^a	1,365	11,806	12,153	9,546^a	10,002
AIAN	13	22	95	111	94	89
Asian	51^a	104	1,089	1,029	643	675
Black or African American	318	317	1,911	2,053	1,446	1,511
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	765	857	8,171	8,300	6,939	7,230
Two or More Races	28^a	60	505	613	410	471
Hispanic or Latino	417	495	3,844	4,060	3,322	3,545
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	859	964	9,282	9,210	7,487	7,616
Small Metro	481	563	4,599	4,993	3,909	4,294
Nonmetro	253	332	1,770	2,010	1,473	1,637
Urbanized	111	99	773	716	618	603
Less Urbanized	128	172	805^a	1,082	706	883
Completely Rural	14	*	*	211	*	151
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown substance use program participation or prevention message exposure data were excluded from the respective analyses. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

240507

Table 3.10B – Participated in a Substance Use Program or Exposed to Substance Use Prevention Message in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE PROGRAM OR PREVENTION MESSAGE
	Participated in Alcohol, Tobacco, or Drug Prevention Program Outside of School		Saw or Heard Alcohol or Drug Prevention Message from Sources Outside School		Talked to Parents about Dangers of Tobacco, Alcohol, or Drug Use
	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023
TOTAL	6.3^a	7.3	62.5	64.2	51.4^a	53.8
AGE GROUP
12-13	6.4^a	8.2	54.4^a	57.7	49.6	49.8
14-15	6.6	7.8	64.9	65.1	54.1	57.0
16-17	5.8	5.9	68.0	68.9	50.3^a	53.9
SEX
Male	6.0	7.1	61.3	62.9	50.6	51.9
Female	6.6	7.5	63.8	65.5	52.2^a	55.7
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	6.3	7.2	63.5	65.1	51.3^a	53.8
AIAN	6.2	9.9	44.7	48.7	45.4	38.7
Asian	3.2^a	7.2	68.8	73.7	40.4	47.9
Black or African American	9.3	9.0	56.1	58.5	42.3	43.5
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	6.0	6.8	65.3	66.1	55.4	57.7
Two or More Races	3.4^a	6.7	61.7	68.2	51.1	53.0
Hispanic or Latino	6.4	7.5	59.7	61.6	51.6	53.8
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	5.9	6.9	64.1	66.3	51.6^a	55.0
Small Metro	6.1	6.9	59.4	61.8	50.5	53.2
Nonmetro	8.8	10.0	63.1	61.0	52.6	49.8
Urbanized	9.1	8.2	65.5	60.6	52.4	51.2
Less Urbanized	9.3	9.4	59.5	59.7	52.6	48.9
Completely Rural	5.1	*	*	70.1	*	50.0
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown substance use program participation or prevention message exposure data were excluded from the respective analyses. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

240507

Table 3.11A – Engaged in a Physical Delinquent Behavior in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	PHYSICAL DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR
	Got into a Serious Fight at School or Work		Took Part in a Group-Against- Group Fight		Attacked Someone with the Intent to Seriously Hurt Them
	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023
TOTAL	4,034	4,021	2,560	2,399	1,207	1,292
AGE GROUP
12-13	1,560	1,390	915	789	494	468
14-15	1,408	1,539	974	888	438	463
16-17	1,066	1,093	670	722	275	361
SEX
Male	2,307	2,338	1,357	1,313	748	769
Female	1,727	1,683	1,202	1,085	459	523
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	2,965	2,984	1,935	1,788	878	1,006
AIAN	31	38	*	36	8	14
Asian	126	146	100	92	77	36
Black or African American	906	824	629^a	461	314	331
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	1,740	1,823	1,095	1,108	428^a	568
Two or More Races	159	139	79	81	42	56
Hispanic or Latino	1,069	1,038	624	610	329	286
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	2,276	2,134	1,441	1,305	695	700
Small Metro	1,207	1,286	806	778	390	391
Nonmetro	550	601	312	316	122^a	201
Urbanized	213	196	128	134	47	84
Less Urbanized	287	339	151	150	66	113
Completely Rural	*	66	*	*	9	5
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown delinquent behavior data were excluded from the respective analyses. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

240507

Table 3.11B – Engaged in a Physical Delinquent Behavior in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	PHYSICAL DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR
	Got into a Serious Fight at School or Work		Took Part in a Group-Against- Group Fight		Attacked Someone with the Intent to Seriously Hurt Them
	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023
TOTAL	15.9	15.7	10.1	9.4	4.7	5.0
AGE GROUP
12-13	18.9	17.8	11.0	10.1	5.9	6.0
14-15	15.7	17.0	10.9	9.8	4.9	5.1
16-17	13.1	12.5	8.2	8.3	3.4	4.1
SEX
Male	17.8	17.9	10.5	10.0	5.8	5.9
Female	13.9	13.4	9.6	8.7	3.7	4.2
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	15.8	15.8	10.3	9.5	4.7	5.3
AIAN	14.7	16.2	*	15.6	3.6	6.0
Asian	7.9	10.2	6.3	6.4	4.8	2.5
Black or African American	26.4	23.3	18.2^b	13.1	9.1	9.4
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	13.7	14.4	8.6	8.7	3.4^a	4.5
Two or More Races	19.1	15.2	9.6	8.9	5.1	6.1
Hispanic or Latino	16.3	15.5	9.5	9.1	5.0	4.2
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	15.5	15.2	9.8	9.3	4.7	5.0
Small Metro	15.4	15.7	10.2	9.5	5.0	4.8
Nonmetro	19.2	18.0	10.8	9.5	4.2	6.0
Urbanized	17.6	16.3	10.5	11.1	3.9	7.0
Less Urbanized	20.7	18.6	10.9	8.2	4.8	6.1
Completely Rural	*	21.6	*	*	3.3	1.6
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown delinquent behavior data were excluded from the respective analyses. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

240507

Table 3.12A – Engaged in a Nonphysical Delinquent Behavior in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	NONPHYSICAL DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR
	Carried a Handgun		Sold Illegal Drugs		Stole or Tried to Steal Anything Worth More Than $50
	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023
TOTAL	998^b	1,278	245^a	347	750^b	1,029
AGE GROUP
12-13	284	244	29	38	182	178
14-15	345^b	527	92	109	324^a	467
16-17	368^a	508	125^a	200	243^b	384
SEX
Male	792	900	179	204	419^a	560
Female	205^b	379	66^b	142	332^a	469
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	788	920	181^a	253	548^b	728
AIAN	6^a	19	*	7	7	18
Asian	30	9	<1	7	28	16
Black or African American	137	171	48	47	160	153
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	573	669	120	167	331^a	481
Two or More Races	42	52	6^b	25	22^a	57
Hispanic or Latino	210^a	358	64	94	202	300
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	411^a	583	130	182	445^a	604
Small Metro	404	450	88	124	235	324
Nonmetro	183	245	28	42	69	101
Urbanized	87	57	19	11	29	36
Less Urbanized	80^a	167	5^a	30	35	62
Completely Rural	17	*	3	*	5	4
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown delinquent behavior data were excluded from the respective analyses. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

240507

Table 3.12B – Engaged in a Nonphysical Delinquent Behavior in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	NONPHYSICAL DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR
	Carried a Handgun		Sold Illegal Drugs		Stole or Tried to Steal Anything Worth More Than $50
	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023
TOTAL	3.9^b	5.0	1.0^a	1.4	2.9^b	4.0
AGE GROUP
12-13	3.4	3.1	0.3	0.5	2.2	2.3
14-15	3.9^b	5.8	1.0	1.2	3.6^a	5.2
16-17	4.5	5.8	1.5^a	2.3	3.0^a	4.4
SEX
Male	6.1	6.9	1.4	1.6	3.2^a	4.3
Female	1.6^b	3.0	0.5^b	1.1	2.7^a	3.7
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	4.2	4.9	1.0^a	1.3	2.9^b	3.9
AIAN	3.1^a	8.0	*	3.0	3.5	7.6
Asian	1.9	0.6	<0.1	0.5	1.8	1.1
Black or African American	4.0	4.8	1.4	1.3	4.6	4.3
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	4.5	5.3	0.9	1.3	2.6^a	3.8
Two or More Races	5.1	5.7	0.8^b	2.7	2.6^a	6.2
Hispanic or Latino	3.2^a	5.3	1.0	1.4	3.1	4.5
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	2.8^b	4.2	0.9	1.3	3.0^b	4.3
Small Metro	5.1	5.5	1.1	1.5	3.0	4.0
Nonmetro	6.4	7.3	1.0	1.2	2.4	3.0
Urbanized	7.1	4.7	1.5	0.9	2.4	3.0
Less Urbanized	5.7	9.1	0.4^a	1.6	2.5	3.4
Completely Rural	6.1	*	1.2	*	1.8	1.2
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown delinquent behavior data were excluded from the respective analyses. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

240507

Table 3.13A – Select Risk and Protective Factors for Substance Use Disorders and Mental Illness: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	RISK FACTORS				PROTECTIVE FACTORS
	Youth Argued with at Least One Parent 10 or More Times in the Past Year		Youth Was Approached by Someone Selling Drugs in the Past Month		Youth Had Someone to Talk to about Problems¹		Youth Attended 25 or More Religious Services in the Past Year
	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023
TOTAL	4,707	4,768	1,630	1,702	23,007^b	23,597	5,058	5,501
AGE GROUP
12-13	1,379	1,234	246	246	7,615	7,170	1,624	1,634
14-15	1,750	1,864	605	640	8,080	8,316	1,865	2,115
16-17	1,578	1,671	779	816	7,312^a	8,110	1,570	1,752
SEX
Male	1,904	1,758	897	954	11,784^b	12,149	2,651	2,772
Female	2,803	3,011	733	749	11,223^b	11,448	2,407^a	2,729
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	3,487	3,673	1,114	1,149	17,305	17,392	4,110	4,374
AIAN	15	31	10	26	184	194	29	*
Asian	292	278	45	55	1,421	1,306	357	250
Black or African American	321	367	280	241	3,061	3,149	469	573
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	2,695	2,816	710	759	11,829	11,847	3,104	3,353
Two or More Races	156	180	63	59	757	821	146	155
Hispanic or Latino	1,220	1,095	516	553	5,702^b	6,205	949	1,127
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	2,781	2,738	1,018	968	13,241	12,986	2,652	2,820
Small Metro	1,464	1,399	517	544	7,096	7,523	1,675	1,828
Nonmetro	462^a	631	95^b	190	2,670	3,087	731	853
Urbanized	195	239	56	84	1,106	1,105	284	242
Less Urbanized	222	321	36^b	101	1,306^a	1,686	376	520
Completely Rural	*	*	3	5	*	296	*	92
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown risk or protective factors data were excluded from the respective analyses. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents were able to select multiple categories of people that they would talk to about a serious problem, including the choice of “nobody.” Respondents who reported both a person that they would talk to and that they had nobody to talk to were excluded from the analysis. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

240507

Table 3.13B – Select Risk and Protective Factors for Substance Use Disorders and Mental Illness: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	RISK FACTORS				PROTECTIVE FACTORS
	Youth Argued with at Least One Parent 10 or More Times in the Past Year		Youth Was Approached by Someone Selling Drugs in the Past Month		Youth Had Someone to Talk to about Problems¹		Youth Attended 25 or More Religious Services in the Past Year
	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023
TOTAL	18.8	18.9	6.4	6.6	93.0^b	94.4	20.4	22.1
AGE GROUP
12-13	17.0	16.2	2.9	3.1	94.0	94.2	20.6	22.0
14-15	19.7	20.8	6.7	7.0	92.7	94.0	21.1	23.8
16-17	19.5	19.3	9.5	9.3	92.4^b	95.1	19.4	20.3
SEX
Male	14.9	13.6	6.9	7.2	93.5^a	94.9	21.0	21.7
Female	22.8	24.4	5.8	5.9	92.6^a	93.9	19.8^a	22.4
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	18.7	19.7	5.9	6.0	93.9	94.4	22.3	23.7
AIAN	7.2	13.3	4.5	11.1	92.1	87.8	14.3	*
Asian	18.6	20.0	2.8	3.8	91.3	93.8	23.1	18.1
Black or African American	9.4	10.5	8.0	6.8	91.3	92.6	14.0	16.6
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	21.5	22.5	5.6	5.9	95.0	95.1	24.8	26.9
Two or More Races	19.4	20.0	7.6	6.4	93.0	93.8	18.2	17.8
Hispanic or Latino	18.9	16.5	7.8	8.2	90.5^b	94.5	15.0	17.4
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	19.3	19.7	6.9	6.8	92.7^b	94.6	18.5	20.6
Small Metro	18.8	17.3	6.5	6.6	93.0	93.9	21.9	22.8
Nonmetro	16.2	19.3	3.3^a	5.6	94.8	94.9	25.8	26.1
Urbanized	16.3	20.6	4.5	6.9	93.6	94.9	23.9	20.5
Less Urbanized	16.2	17.9	2.5^a	5.4	95.9	94.4	27.4	29.0
Completely Rural	*	*	1.1	1.8	*	98.1	*	30.4
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown risk or protective factors data were excluded from the respective analyses. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents were able to select multiple categories of people that they would talk to about a serious problem, including the choice of “nobody.” Respondents who reported both a person that they would talk to and that they had nobody to talk to were excluded from the analysis. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

240507

Table 3.14A – Agreed or Strongly Agreed with Statements about Religious Beliefs: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	STATEMENTS ABOUT RELIGIOUS BELIEFS
	Religious Beliefs Are a Very Important Part of Youth’s Life		Religious Beliefs Influence Youth’s Decision Making in Life		It Is Important for Friends to Share Religious Beliefs
	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023
TOTAL	14,968^b	15,920	13,134^a	13,802	6,127^b	6,847
AGE GROUP
12-13	5,279	5,250	4,673	4,563	2,252	2,420
14-15	5,281	5,594	4,628	4,868	2,213	2,391
16-17	4,408^b	5,076	3,833^a	4,371	1,661^b	2,036
SEX
Male	7,890^a	8,246	6,928	7,229	3,340^a	3,697
Female	7,078^b	7,674	6,206^a	6,573	2,786^b	3,149
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	10,793^b	11,412	9,684	10,111	4,574^b	5,194
AIAN	*	144	*	125	63	81
Asian	1,082^a	829	927	719	329	276
Black or African American	2,247	2,546	2,004	2,329	1,069	1,202
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	6,861	7,313	6,204	6,411	2,913^a	3,397
Two or More Races	418	517	394	468	188	203
Hispanic or Latino	4,175^b	4,508	3,450	3,691	1,552	1,652
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	8,581	8,765	7,415	7,512	3,268	3,432
Small Metro	4,563	4,987	4,018	4,316	1,884^b	2,332
Nonmetro	1,823	2,168	1,701	1,974	975	1,082
Urbanized	741	766	664	678	371	359
Less Urbanized	889^a	1,191	850^a	1,120	475	620
Completely Rural	*	*	187	*	*	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown religious beliefs data were excluded from the respective analyses. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

240507

Table 3.14B – Agreed or Strongly Agreed with Statements about Religious Beliefs: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	STATEMENTS ABOUT RELIGIOUS BELIEFS
	Religious Beliefs Are a Very Important Part of Youth’s Life		Religious Beliefs Influence Youth’s Decision Making in Life		It Is Important for Friends to Share Religious Beliefs
	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023
TOTAL	60.8^b	63.7	53.3	55.1	24.9^b	27.4
AGE GROUP
12-13	67.4	69.6	59.6	60.6	28.8^a	32.4
14-15	60.1	63.2	52.6	54.8	25.2	26.9
16-17	55.2^a	59.0	48.0	50.7	20.8^a	23.6
SEX
Male	62.6	64.5	55.0	56.5	26.5	29.0
Female	58.9^b	62.8	51.6	53.7	23.2^a	25.8
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	58.8^b	61.8	52.7	54.7	25.0^b	28.2
AIAN	*	64.5	*	55.9	32.5	37.0
Asian	69.3^a	59.0	60.1^a	50.9	21.4	19.7
Black or African American	67.4^b	74.3	60.1^b	68.0	32.2	35.3
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	55.4^a	58.7	49.8	51.5	23.5^b	27.3
Two or More Races	52.4	59.0	49.7	52.7	23.6	22.7
Hispanic or Latino	66.6	69.0	55.2	56.3	24.6	25.4
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	60.4^a	63.7	52.2	54.5	23.0	25.0
Small Metro	59.9	62.5	52.7	53.9	24.9^b	29.2
Nonmetro	65.4	66.7	60.7	60.9	34.7	33.5
Urbanized	62.6	65.9	56.1	58.1	31.3	30.8
Less Urbanized	67.0	66.7	63.3	63.2	35.2	35.2
Completely Rural	*	*	67.6	*	*	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown religious beliefs data were excluded from the respective analyses. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

240507

Table 3.15A – Always or Sometimes Had Parental Involvement through Specific Behaviors in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT
	Parents Made Youth Do Chores around the House		Parents Limited Amount of Time Youth Watched TV		Parents Let Youth Know He or She Had Done a Good Job		Parents Let Youth Know They Were Proud of Something He or She Had Done
	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023
TOTAL	22,043^a	22,406	8,918	9,207	20,644^b	21,346	20,270^b	20,841
AGE GROUP
12-13	7,095	6,807	3,858	3,762	7,213	6,967	7,101	6,812
14-15	7,928	7,989	3,175	3,136	7,190	7,485	7,087	7,243
16-17	7,019	7,610	1,884^b	2,309	6,240^a	6,895	6,081^a	6,785
SEX
Male	11,303^a	11,525	4,676	4,934	10,974^b	11,341	10,758^b	11,170
Female	10,740	10,881	4,242	4,273	9,670^a	10,005	9,512	9,670
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	16,240	16,428	6,645	6,845	15,718	15,932	15,441	15,566
AIAN	195	198	70	92	*	195	*	171
Asian	1,282	1,204	679	597	1,210	1,128	1,162	1,051
Black or African American	3,014	3,220	1,087	1,173	2,870	2,970	2,848	2,950
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	10,975	10,949	4,523	4,681	10,691	10,846	10,533	10,615
Two or More Races	715	785	268	280	702	738	663	726
Hispanic or Latino	5,803^a	5,978	2,273	2,362	4,927^b	5,414	4,829^b	5,275
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	12,655	12,242	5,215	5,112	11,832	11,770	11,690	11,527
Small Metro	6,894	7,264	2,761	3,001	6,471	6,825	6,266	6,615
Nonmetro	2,494	2,901	942	1,094	2,342	2,752	2,314	2,699
Urbanized	1,045	1,053	421	402	970	959	947	938
Less Urbanized	1,202^a	1,568	445	583	1,141^a	1,543	1,144^a	1,511
Completely Rural	*	280	*	*	*	*	*	250
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown parental involvement data were excluded from the respective analyses. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

240507

Table 3.15B – Always or Sometimes Had Parental Involvement through Specific Behaviors in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT
	Parents Made Youth Do Chores around the House		Parents Limited Amount of Time Youth Watched TV		Parents Let Youth Know He or She Had Done a Good Job		Parents Let Youth Know They Were Proud of Something He or She Had Done
	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023
TOTAL	86.7	87.4	35.3	36.0	81.3^b	83.4	80.0^a	81.7
AGE GROUP
12-13	85.7	86.7	46.9	48.2	87.3	89.2	86.2	87.4
14-15	88.1	88.3	35.5	34.8	80.1	82.7	79.0	80.3
16-17	86.0	87.2	23.2^a	26.4	76.6	79.0	74.7^a	77.9
SEX
Male	87.2	87.9	36.3	37.7	84.8	86.7	83.3^a	85.7
Female	86.1	86.9	34.2	34.3	77.7	79.9	76.5	77.5
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	86.0	86.8	35.4	36.3	83.3	84.3	82.0	82.6
AIAN	90.4	85.5	32.8	40.1	*	84.2	*	75.3
Asian	80.8	83.5	43.3	41.9	76.3	78.9	73.3	74.3
Black or African American	87.2^a	90.7	31.6	33.1	83.4	84.0	82.7	83.7
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	86.2	86.1	35.7	36.9	84.0	85.4	82.9	83.6
Two or More Races	86.8	86.4	32.5	31.0	85.1	81.0	80.2	80.1
Hispanic or Latino	88.6	89.3	34.9	35.3	75.5^b	80.8	74.2^b	79.1
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	86.3	86.8	35.7	36.3	80.8^a	83.6	79.9^a	82.2
Small Metro	87.5	88.8	35.3	36.8	82.4	83.5	79.9	80.9
Nonmetro	86.4	86.6	32.8	32.9	81.2	82.6	80.3	81.3
Urbanized	85.4	87.4	34.6	33.4	79.4	80.0	77.4	78.4
Less Urbanized	86.7	85.2	32.2	32.1	82.6	84.3	82.8	82.9
Completely Rural	*	91.6	*	*	*	*	*	83.6
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown parental involvement data were excluded from the respective analyses. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

240507

Table 3.16A – Measures of Student Characteristics of Those Enrolled in School in Past Year: Among Students Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	STUDENT CHARACTERISTICS
	Participated in One or Fewer Activities¹		Saw or Heard Drug or Alcohol Prevention Messages in School		Youth Liked a Lot or Kind of Liked Going to School		Grade Average for Last Completed Period Was “D” or Lower²
	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023
TOTAL	4,799^a	4,228	15,104	16,083	17,425	17,199	1,148	995
AGE GROUP
12-13	1,484^b	1,083	4,778	4,587	5,929^a	5,306	295^a	200
14-15	1,650	1,498	5,774	6,108	6,102	6,044	412	390
16-17	1,665	1,647	4,551^b	5,388	5,394	5,849	441	405
SEX
Male	2,578^a	2,224	7,581	7,851	9,094	9,029	638^a	489
Female	2,221	2,004	7,523^a	8,231	8,331	8,170	510	507
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	3,186	2,836	11,383	12,055	13,012	12,622	764	699
AIAN	*	38	*	115	*	158	*	13
Asian	192^a	86	1,041	1,090	1,229	1,114	41	15
Black or African American	589	512	1,736	1,962	2,251	2,305	146	137
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	2,200	2,009	7,969	8,252	8,782	8,402	496	455
Two or More Races	135	170	504	611	556	608	44	59
Hispanic or Latino	1,613	1,392	3,721	4,027	4,412	4,578	384	296
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	2,613^a	2,197	8,946	8,925	10,208	9,610	580	464
Small Metro	1,560	1,397	4,474^b	5,155	5,364	5,599	448	380
Nonmetro	625	634	1,684	2,002	1,853	1,990	120	151
Urbanized	265	255	724	729	786	706	52	58
Less Urbanized	291	358	808^a	1,060	882	1,081	63	84
Completely Rural	*	*	*	*	*	*	5	10
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown student characteristics data were excluded from the respective analyses. NOTE: Youths who did not report their school enrollment status or reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months were excluded from this analysis. Youths reporting that they were “home-schooled” in the past 12 months were considered to be enrolled in school. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The number of activities participated in is based on four questions: participation in school-based activities, community-based activities, church or faith-based activities, and other activities. For each question, the response categories include “none,” “one,” “two,” and “3 or more.” Respondents were excluded from the analysis if they had unknown data for at least three of the questions and if their known responses did not place them in the recoded “two or more” category. ² Respondents reporting that their school does not give these grades were excluded from the analysis. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

240507

Table 3.16B – Measures of Student Characteristics of Those Enrolled in School in Past Year: Among Students Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	STUDENT CHARACTERISTICS
	Participated in One or Fewer Activities¹		Saw or Heard Drug or Alcohol Prevention Messages in School		Youth Liked a Lot or Kind of Liked Going to School		Grade Average for Last Completed Period Was “D” or Lower²
	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023
TOTAL	20.3^b	17.7	64.6^b	68.1	73.4	71.9	5.2	4.4
AGE GROUP
12-13	19.4^b	15.1	63.9	64.8	77.0^a	73.3	4.3	3.1
14-15	19.7	17.5	69.5	72.3	72.8	70.6	5.2	4.8
16-17	21.8	20.3	60.0^b	66.7	70.6	71.9	6.0	5.2
SEX
Male	21.6^b	18.4	64.2	65.8	75.7	74.5	5.7^a	4.3
Female	19.0	17.0	65.1^b	70.5	71.1	69.1	4.7	4.6
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	18.1^a	16.0	65.2^b	68.9	73.5^a	71.1	4.6	4.2
AIAN	*	19.8	*	62.7	*	81.9	*	7.3
Asian	12.7^a	6.3	69.4^b	82.1	81.4	81.2	2.9	1.2
Black or African American	19.6	16.4	58.3^a	64.1	74.5	73.3	5.2	4.6
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	18.2	16.6	66.6	68.6	72.4^a	69.3	4.3	4.0
Two or More Races	17.5	20.2	65.7	72.7	71.5	71.2	6.1	7.3
Hispanic or Latino	26.8^a	22.6	62.8	66.0	73.1	74.1	6.8	5.1
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	19.0^a	16.7	65.8^a	68.8	74.1	72.9	4.5	3.7
Small Metro	21.5^a	18.3	62.6^b	68.4	73.6	73.2	6.6	5.3
Nonmetro	23.5	20.5	64.0	64.9	69.5^a	64.1	4.8	5.3
Urbanized	23.6	22.9	66.0	65.8	69.9^a	63.3	5.0	5.7
Less Urbanized	23.0	21.1	63.6	62.5	69.1	63.3	5.2	5.3
Completely Rural	*	*	*	*	*	*	1.9	3.6
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown student characteristics data were excluded from the respective analyses. NOTE: Youths who did not report their school enrollment status or reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months were excluded from this analysis. Youths reporting that they were “home-schooled” in the past 12 months were considered to be enrolled in school. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The number of activities participated in is based on four questions: participation in school-based activities, community-based activities, church or faith-based activities, and other activities. For each question, the response categories include “none,” “one,” “two,” and “3 or more.” Respondents were excluded from the analysis if they had unknown data for at least three of the questions and if their known responses did not place them in the recoded “two or more” category. ² Respondents reporting that their school does not give these grades were excluded from the analysis. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

240507

Table 3.17A – Students Enrolled in School in Past Year Who Always or Sometimes Had Adult Involvement through Specific School-Related Behaviors: Among Students Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	ADULT INVOLVEMENT
	Teacher Let Youth Know He or She Was Doing a Good Job with School Work		Parents Checked That Youth Did Homework		Parents Provided Help with Homework		Parents Limited Time Youth Went Out with Friends on a School Night
	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023
TOTAL	17,387	17,799	18,764	18,992	18,142	18,693	13,438	13,553
AGE GROUP
12-13	6,146	5,692	6,523	6,054	6,540	6,183	4,601	4,393
14-15	5,974	6,329	6,765	6,977	6,429	6,806	4,925	4,915
16-17	5,266	5,777	5,476	5,960	5,173^a	5,704	3,912	4,245
SEX
Male	8,951	9,232	9,857	10,003	9,417	9,677	6,469	6,655
Female	8,435	8,567	8,907	8,989	8,725	9,016	6,969	6,898
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	12,973	13,016	14,046	14,037	14,068	14,183	9,998	9,890
AIAN	156	136	*	157	*	158	*	104
Asian	1,186	1,048	1,165	1,047	1,091	1,000	848	790
Black or African American	2,457	2,573	2,427	2,522	2,341	2,471	1,763	1,914
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	8,567	8,559	9,654	9,609	9,812	9,857	6,852	6,597
Two or More Races	566	650	603	661	608	654	384	455
Hispanic or Latino	4,414	4,782	4,718	4,954	4,074	4,510	3,440	3,663
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	10,260	9,993	10,950	10,469	10,436	10,125	7,683	7,299
Small Metro	5,208	5,608	5,683	6,090	5,576	6,060	4,162	4,481
Nonmetro	1,919	2,197	2,132	2,432	2,130	2,508	1,593	1,773
Urbanized	802	764	859	850	907	867	664	616
Less Urbanized	932^a	1,213	1,058^a	1,363	1,018^b	1,440	750^a	982
Completely Rural	*	220	*	219	*	*	*	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Youths who did not report their school enrollment status or reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months were excluded from this analysis. Youths reporting that they were “home-schooled” in the past 12 months were considered to be enrolled in school. NOTE: Respondents with unknown adult involvement data were excluded from the respective analyses. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

240507

Table 3.17B – Students Enrolled in School in Past Year Who Always or Sometimes Had Adult Involvement through Specific School-Related Behaviors: Among Students Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	ADULT INVOLVEMENT
	Teacher Let Youth Know He or She Was Doing a Good Job with School Work		Parents Checked That Youth Did Homework		Parents Provided Help with Homework		Parents Limited Time Youth Went Out with Friends on a School Night
	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023
TOTAL	73.5	74.5	79.4	79.8	76.9^a	78.6	58.1	58.1
AGE GROUP
12-13	80.3	78.8	85.4	84.4	85.4	86.3	62.6	63.5
14-15	71.3	74.0	80.8	81.9	77.1	79.9	59.9	58.8
16-17	69.0	71.0	71.9	73.5	68.2	70.5	51.6	52.7
SEX
Male	74.9	76.4	82.5	83.1	79.0	80.7	55.5	56.7
Female	72.0	72.4	76.3	76.4	74.8	76.4	60.7	59.5
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	73.5	73.4	79.7	79.4	79.9	80.5	57.8	57.1
AIAN	81.1	70.6	*	81.9	*	82.3	*	54.3
Asian	79.0	76.5	77.2	77.2	73.6	74.2	57.7	59.5
Black or African American	81.4	81.8	80.7	80.6	77.9	79.5	59.7	62.2
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	70.8	70.7	79.9	79.5	81.2	81.7	57.6	55.8
Two or More Races	73.0	76.3	77.5	78.4	78.6	77.6	51.2	55.2
Hispanic or Latino	73.4^a	77.5	78.7	80.7	68.1^b	73.3	58.9	60.8
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	74.6	75.9	79.8	79.9	76.4	77.3	57.4	56.9
Small Metro	71.5	73.4	78.4	80.0	76.8^a	79.7	58.4	59.7
Nonmetro	72.7	71.0	80.2	78.6	80.0	81.5	60.7	59.0
Urbanized	71.5	68.7	76.1	76.3	80.7	78.3	60.0	57.0
Less Urbanized	74.3	71.3	83.4	80.2	79.9	84.7	59.9	59.7
Completely Rural	*	77.6	*	77.5	*	*	*	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Youths who did not report their school enrollment status or reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months were excluded from this analysis. Youths reporting that they were “home-schooled” in the past 12 months were considered to be enrolled in school. NOTE: Respondents with unknown adult involvement data were excluded from the respective analyses. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

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Table 3.18A – Students Enrolled in School in Past Year who Perceived That All or Most Students in Grade Level Use Specific Substances: Among Students Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Numbers in Thousands, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE OF STUDENTS IN GRADE LEVEL
	Smoke Cigarettes		Use Marijuana		Drink Alcoholic Beverages		Get Drunk at Least Once a Week
	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023
TOTAL	2,467^a	2,891	5,547	5,777	5,798	6,064	1,988	2,087
AGE GROUP
12-13	486	528	517	468	445	376	121	102
14-15	1,001	1,174	1,956	2,115	1,940	1,983	657	748
16-17	980^a	1,189	3,074	3,194	3,413	3,705	1,210	1,237
SEX
Male	911	1,091	2,168	2,363	2,163	2,221	711	748
Female	1,556	1,800	3,379	3,414	3,635	3,843	1,277	1,338
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	1,682	1,856	3,859	3,969	4,234	4,359	1,363	1,485
AIAN	*	30	*	45	*	29	*	17
Asian	77	116	204	144	240	231	68	54
Black or African American	410	465	1,000	1,075	720	759	335	393
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	1,069	1,126	2,380	2,440	3,033	3,118	854	929
Two or More Races	97	95	217	226	196	212	82	86
Hispanic or Latino	784^a	1,035	1,687	1,808	1,564	1,706	625	602
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	1,334	1,444	3,260	3,254	3,209	3,408	1,104	1,161
Small Metro	772^b	1,076	1,776	1,876	1,901	1,917	664	648
Nonmetro	361	372	511	647	688	739	221	278
Urbanized	198	138	267	268	314	283	108	110
Less Urbanized	146	222	189^b	340	274	395	97	159
Completely Rural	*	12	*	*	*	62	*	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Youths who did not report their school enrollment status or reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months, or reported that they were “home-schooled” in the past 12 months were excluded from this analysis. NOTE: Respondents with unknown substance use in grade level data were excluded from the respective analyses. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.

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Table 3.18B – Students Enrolled in School in Past Year who Perceived That All or Most Students in Grade Level Use Specific Substances: Among Students Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Percentages, 2022 and 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE OF STUDENTS IN GRADE LEVEL
	Smoke Cigarettes		Use Marijuana		Drink Alcoholic Beverages		Get Drunk at Least Once a Week
	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023	2022	2023
TOTAL	10.9^b	12.6	24.6	25.4	25.7	26.7	8.9	9.2
AGE GROUP
12-13	6.6	7.7	7.2	6.9	6.1	5.5	1.7	1.5
14-15	12.5	14.3	24.6	26.0	24.3	24.6	8.4	9.3
16-17	13.3	15.2	41.6	40.6	46.5	47.3	16.8	16.0
SEX
Male	7.9	9.5	19.0	20.5	19.0	19.4	6.3	6.6
Female	13.8^a	15.9	30.4	30.4	32.5	34.2	11.6	12.0
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	9.9	10.9	22.9	23.5	25.1	25.8	8.2	8.8
AIAN	*	16.6	*	25.3	*	16.3	*	9.6
Asian	5.4	8.7	14.5	11.2	17.0	17.7	5.0	4.2
Black or African American	14.2	15.4	34.7	35.8	25.1	25.4	11.8	13.3
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	9.2	9.7	20.5	21.1	26.1	27.0	7.4	8.1
Two or More Races	12.8	11.6	28.6	27.5	26.3	26.0	11.0	10.6
Hispanic or Latino	13.7^a	17.6	29.7	31.0	27.3	29.3	11.2	10.4
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	10.1	11.4	24.9	25.9	24.5^a	27.3	8.6	9.3
Small Metro	11.1^b	14.7	25.5	25.9	27.3	26.3	9.6	9.0
Nonmetro	14.3	12.6	20.4	22.0	27.2	25.0	8.8	9.4
Urbanized	18.3	12.8	24.6	25.3	29.3	26.5	10.2	10.5
Less Urbanized	12.3	13.8	16.2	21.2	23.0	24.4	8.1	9.8
Completely Rural	*	4.5	*	*	*	22.4	*	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Youths who did not report their school enrollment status or reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months, or reported that they were “home-schooled” in the past 12 months were excluded from this analysis. NOTE: Respondents with unknown substance use in grade level data were excluded from the respective analyses. ^a,b The difference between this estimate and the 2023 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level (a) or .01 level (b). Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2022 and 2023.