Section 3 SE Tables - Results from the 2024 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Detailed Tables, SAMHSA, CBHSQ

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Table 3.1C – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Substance Use and Perceived Availability of Substances: Among People Aged 12 or Older; by Age Group, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2023 and 2024
Specific Substance Risk/Availability	Aged 12+ (2023)	Aged 12+ (2024)	Aged 12-17 (2023)	Aged 12-17 (2024)	Aged 18+ (2023)	Aged 18+ (2024)	Aged 18-25 (2023)	Aged 18-25 (2024)	Aged 26+ (2023)	Aged 26+ (2024)
PERCEPTIONS OF GREAT RISK¹
Marijuana
Smoke Once a Month	926	934	148	152	894	919	139	159	865	896
Smoke Once or Twice a Week	983	987	163	166	956	976	166	172	929	953
Cocaine
Use Once a Month	1,039	1,022	185	193	1,024	1,003	227	213	969	964
Use Once or Twice a Week	792	780	142	146	784	761	180	182	756	739
Heroin
Try Once or Twice	751	794	175	195	717	759	191	179	679	717
Use Once or Twice a Week	553	562	139	151	522	535	131	140	501	521
LSD
Try Once or Twice	1,080	1,036	177	173	1,058	1,020	224	211	1,001	978
Use Once or Twice a Week	875	896	170	169	859	886	215	205	826	840
Cigarettes
Smoke One or More Packs Per Day	942	1,002	160	165	920	989	211	212	906	945
Alcohol
Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	1,025	1,030	174	174	1,002	1,002	217	207	972	978
Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day	944	889	156	166	926	872	219	210	899	843
PERCEIVED AVAILABILITY²
Fairly or Very Easy to Obtain
Marijuana	1,044	1,112	181	166	1,012	1,075	208	219	974	1,040
Cocaine	819	855	100	84	804	847	178	190	773	823
Crack	720	797	92	83	713	792	142	156	699	776
Heroin	676	738	79	72	669	732	124	147	650	710
LSD	628	711	97	84	615	704	171	174	593	682
Approached in the Past Month by Someone Selling Drugs	371	346	88	76	358	335	112	110	334	309
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ¹ Respondents with unknown perception of risk data were excluded from the respective analyses. ² Respondents with unknown perceived availability data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

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Table 3.1D – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Substance Use and Perceived Availability of Substances: Among People Aged 12 or Older; by Age Group, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2023 and 2024
Specific Substance Risk/Availability	Aged 12+ (2023)	Aged 12+ (2024)	Aged 12-17 (2023)	Aged 12-17 (2024)	Aged 18+ (2023)	Aged 18+ (2024)	Aged 18-25 (2023)	Aged 18-25 (2024)	Aged 26+ (2023)	Aged 26+ (2024)
PERCEPTIONS OF GREAT RISK¹
Marijuana
Smoke Once a Month	0.33	0.33	0.59	0.60	0.35	0.36	0.41	0.46	0.39	0.40
Smoke Once or Twice a Week	0.35	0.35	0.65	0.65	0.38	0.38	0.49	0.50	0.42	0.43
Cocaine
Use Once a Month	0.37	0.36	0.74	0.77	0.40	0.39	0.68	0.62	0.44	0.43
Use Once or Twice a Week	0.28	0.28	0.56	0.58	0.31	0.30	0.54	0.53	0.34	0.33
Heroin
Try Once or Twice	0.27	0.28	0.70	0.78	0.28	0.30	0.57	0.52	0.31	0.32
Use Once or Twice a Week	0.20	0.20	0.56	0.61	0.21	0.21	0.39	0.41	0.23	0.23
LSD
Try Once or Twice	0.39	0.37	0.73	0.73	0.42	0.40	0.68	0.62	0.46	0.44
Use Once or Twice a Week	0.32	0.32	0.70	0.71	0.34	0.35	0.65	0.60	0.38	0.38
Cigarettes
Smoke One or More Packs Per Day	0.34	0.35	0.63	0.65	0.36	0.38	0.63	0.61	0.41	0.42
Alcohol
Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	0.37	0.36	0.69	0.68	0.39	0.39	0.65	0.60	0.44	0.44
Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day	0.34	0.31	0.62	0.65	0.36	0.34	0.65	0.61	0.41	0.38
PERCEIVED AVAILABILITY²
Fairly or Very Easy to Obtain
Marijuana	0.38	0.40	0.73	0.67	0.40	0.42	0.62	0.64	0.45	0.47
Cocaine	0.30	0.31	0.40	0.34	0.33	0.34	0.54	0.56	0.36	0.38
Crack	0.27	0.29	0.37	0.34	0.29	0.32	0.43	0.46	0.33	0.36
Heroin	0.25	0.27	0.32	0.29	0.27	0.29	0.38	0.43	0.30	0.33
LSD	0.23	0.26	0.40	0.35	0.25	0.28	0.52	0.52	0.28	0.31
Approached in the Past Month by Someone Selling Drugs	0.13	0.12	0.34	0.29	0.14	0.13	0.33	0.32	0.15	0.14
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ¹ Respondents with unknown perception of risk data were excluded from the respective analyses. ² Respondents with unknown perceived availability data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

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Table 3.1P – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Substance Use and Perceived Availability of Substances: Among People Aged 12 or Older; by Age Group, P Values from Tests of Differences of Percentages, 2024 Versus 2023
Specific Substance Risk/Availability	Aged 12+ (2023)	Aged 12-17 (2023)	Aged 18+ (2023)	Aged 18-25 (2023)	Aged 26+ (2023)
PERCEPTIONS OF GREAT RISK¹
Marijuana
Smoke Once a Month	0.3016	0.0739	0.4468	0.0030	0.7517
Smoke Once or Twice a Week	0.3513	0.0284	0.5415	0.0045	0.8994
Cocaine
Use Once a Month	0.8695	0.7035	0.7753	0.0117	0.3969
Use Once or Twice a Week	0.5433	0.8020	0.5890	0.0020	0.8202
Heroin
Try Once or Twice	0.5110	0.7639	0.4708	0.8595	0.4938
Use Once or Twice a Week	0.4977	0.2132	0.6440	0.9804	0.6535
LSD
Try Once or Twice	0.6422	0.9076	0.5610	0.0611	0.3193
Use Once or Twice a Week	0.8547	0.5593	0.8810	0.0154	0.4483
Cigarettes
Smoke One or More Packs Per Day	0.0935	0.2574	0.1245	0.8648	0.1088
Alcohol
Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week	0.1069	0.0196	0.2147	0.0097	0.4669
Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day	0.0249	0.1872	0.0122	0.0121	0.0476
PERCEIVED AVAILABILITY²
Fairly or Very Easy to Obtain
Marijuana	0.5133	0.0000	0.1969	0.1654	0.1043
Cocaine	0.4433	0.3241	0.4642	0.0322	0.8087
Crack	0.8647	0.4275	0.8992	0.7464	0.8509
Heroin	0.4115	0.0985	0.4818	0.3085	0.6142
LSD	0.1514	0.0006	0.3153	0.0004	0.9429
Approached in the Past Month by Someone Selling Drugs	0.0006	0.0011	0.0055	0.2841	0.0083
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ¹ Respondents with unknown perception of risk data were excluded from the respective analyses. ² Respondents with unknown perceived availability data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

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Table 3.2C – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Marijuana and Cocaine Use: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2023 and 2024
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	MARIJUANA				COCAINE
	Smoke Once a Month		Smoke Once or Twice a Week		Use Once a Month		Use Once or Twice a Week
	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	148	152	163	166	185	193	142	146
AGE GROUP
12-13	102	115	134	141	128	139	167	181
14-15	104	104	132	136	158	168	209	207
16-17	85	96	104	115	169	167	211	212
SEX
Male	102	111	112	123	128	131	98	102
Female	105	102	118	118	123	129	101	104
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	118	125	140	138	152	154	116	121
AIAN	13	9	15	12	15	12	18	20
Asian	46	68	70	89	63	83	95	107
Black or African American	69	59	78	67	110	102	136	124
NHPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	119	125	161	166	198	194	270	279
Two or More Races	24	29	33	31	35	39	48	49
Hispanic or Latino	86	86	83	93	98	104	83	88
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	150	162	180	201	252	240	352	340
Small Metro	105	99	133	137	164	162	223	228
Nonmetro	82	56	99	68	122	139	159	160
Urbanized	46	31	50	39	63	112	86	121
Less Urbanized	54	44	71	57	105	79	130	102
Completely Rural	*	18	*	19	38	*	62	42
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown perception of risk data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

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Table 3.2D – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Marijuana and Cocaine Use: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2023 and 2024
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	MARIJUANA				COCAINE
	Smoke Once a Month		Smoke Once or Twice a Week		Use Once a Month		Use Once or Twice a Week
	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	0.59	0.60	0.65	0.65	0.74	0.77	0.56	0.58
AGE GROUP
12-13	1.09	1.14	1.16	1.20	1.18	1.27	1.02	1.15
14-15	0.96	0.99	1.13	1.19	1.16	1.28	0.93	1.03
16-17	0.85	0.93	0.99	1.02	1.25	1.20	0.91	0.88
SEX
Male	0.80	0.86	0.87	0.95	1.00	1.02	0.77	0.79
Female	0.85	0.83	0.95	0.95	1.00	1.05	0.82	0.85
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.64	0.67	0.75	0.74	0.82	0.83	0.63	0.66
AIAN	4.62	3.85	4.76	4.74	4.48	4.95	3.91	3.29
Asian	2.52	3.43	2.91	3.12	2.89	3.23	2.62	2.30
Black or African American	1.59	1.47	1.60	1.54	1.73	1.73	1.58	1.51
NHPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	0.78	0.80	0.91	0.91	1.01	1.06	0.79	0.83
Two or More Races	2.33	2.43	2.69	2.39	2.87	2.80	2.15	2.19
Hispanic or Latino	1.30	1.28	1.25	1.39	1.48	1.56	1.26	1.32
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.80	0.85	0.85	0.91	1.02	0.99	0.84	0.79
Small Metro	0.97	0.96	1.14	1.06	1.14	1.17	0.92	0.96
Nonmetro	1.78	1.42	1.84	2.09	1.86	2.38	1.28	1.59
Urbanized	2.97	2.08	2.80	3.86	2.62	5.02	2.04	2.86
Less Urbanized	1.97	1.89	2.38	2.35	2.77	2.24	1.82	2.07
Completely Rural	*	5.49	*	6.12	4.85	*	3.93	3.81
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown perception of risk data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

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Table 3.2P – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Marijuana and Cocaine Use: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, P Values from Tests of Differences of Percentages, 2024 Versus 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	MARIJUANA				COCAINE
	Smoke Once a Month		Smoke Once or Twice a Week		Use Once a Month		Use Once or Twice a Week
	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	0.0739		0.0284		0.7035		0.8020
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.1081		0.4780		0.8388		0.3350
14-15	0.5307		0.0372		0.6363		0.9348
16-17	0.3755		0.3811		0.9966		0.5443
SEX
Male	0.0400		0.0382		0.8772		0.8357
Female	0.6937		0.3511		0.6769		0.8905
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.2852		0.5745		0.8830		0.7724
AIAN	0.7147		0.9576		0.3230		0.0331
Asian	0.0396		0.1991		0.0201		0.0945
Black or African American	0.2114		0.2383		0.1739		0.4369
NHPI	*		*		*		*
White	0.4120		0.4050		0.7869		0.7229
Two or More Races	0.3481		0.5571		0.9288		0.4124
Hispanic or Latino	0.1194		0.0018		0.3615		0.4140
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.0127		0.0071		0.4747		0.6626
Small Metro	0.9646		0.7401		0.5433		0.6743
Nonmetro	0.7201		0.8275		0.4828		0.5781
Urbanized	0.2323		0.8023		0.3500		0.8669
Less Urbanized	0.4957		0.4901		0.7446		0.8092
Completely Rural	*		*		*		0.2210
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown perception of risk data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

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Table 3.3C – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Heroin and LSD Use: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2023 and 2024
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	HEROIN				LSD
	Try Once or Twice		Use Once or Twice a Week		Try Once or Twice		Use Once or Twice a Week
	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	175	195	139	151	177	173	170	169
AGE GROUP
12-13	136	144	160	166	120	124	147	154
14-15	171	177	216	205	138	144	183	181
16-17	184	187	216	217	140	144	178	172
SEX
Male	116	131	98	101	123	122	124	118
Female	123	130	100	105	117	121	110	112
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	152	154	115	124	147	146	143	146
AIAN	18	11	19	20	14	11	16	16
Asian	71	81	97	101	63	73	85	92
Black or African American	112	113	125	120	93	91	111	102
NHPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	214	216	273	278	170	170	232	234
Two or More Races	41	42	46	47	33	34	41	41
Hispanic or Latino	97	100	82	89	99	94	92	93
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	285	275	348	329	216	211	282	267
Small Metro	175	171	226	232	144	135	191	189
Nonmetro	125	152	157	164	98	100	133	137
Urbanized	71	114	92	122	57	72	73	96
Less Urbanized	102	96	125	106	79	67	110	98
Completely Rural	48	*	*	39	*	*	50	36
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown perception of risk data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

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Table 3.3D – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Heroin and LSD Use: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2023 and 2024
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	HEROIN				LSD
	Try Once or Twice		Use Once or Twice a Week		Try Once or Twice		Use Once or Twice a Week
	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	0.70	0.78	0.56	0.61	0.73	0.73	0.70	0.71
AGE GROUP
12-13	1.21	1.29	1.10	1.15	1.22	1.26	1.16	1.22
14-15	1.12	1.27	0.90	1.03	1.20	1.21	1.19	1.15
16-17	1.22	1.17	0.90	0.89	1.20	1.22	1.15	1.16
SEX
Male	0.92	1.03	0.77	0.79	1.00	1.00	1.01	0.97
Female	1.01	1.07	0.82	0.86	0.99	1.04	0.93	0.96
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.83	0.84	0.63	0.68	0.82	0.83	0.81	0.84
AIAN	4.13	4.94	3.49	3.54	4.72	4.72	4.46	4.96
Asian	3.29	3.18	2.66	2.74	3.25	3.10	3.16	2.76
Black or African American	1.76	1.69	1.54	1.63	1.81	1.78	1.90	1.77
NHPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	0.97	1.09	0.76	0.84	1.02	1.05	0.97	1.06
Two or More Races	2.73	2.71	1.97	1.91	2.80	2.73	2.37	2.37
Hispanic or Latino	1.49	1.51	1.24	1.36	1.56	1.47	1.44	1.46
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	1.01	1.00	0.80	0.85	1.06	1.04	1.02	0.99
Small Metro	1.13	1.18	0.94	0.94	1.18	1.14	1.16	1.17
Nonmetro	1.56	2.30	1.31	1.54	1.77	1.73	1.62	1.76
Urbanized	2.53	4.48	1.55	2.83	2.78	2.90	2.54	2.66
Less Urbanized	2.24	2.59	1.84	1.92	2.49	2.26	2.28	2.57
Completely Rural	4.62	*	*	3.99	*	*	3.80	5.52
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown perception of risk data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

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Table 3.3P – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Heroin and LSD Use: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, P Values from Tests of Differences of Percentages, 2024 Versus 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	HEROIN				LSD
	Try Once or Twice		Use Once or Twice a Week		Try Once or Twice		Use Once or Twice a Week
	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	0.7639		0.2132		0.9076		0.5593
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.1703		0.2888		0.4407		0.3830
14-15	0.1624		0.0172		0.3341		0.3084
16-17	0.7250		0.4484		0.6459		0.4510
SEX
Male	0.4740		0.8914		0.8540		0.6354
Female	0.8021		0.1078		0.9854		0.1636
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.7801		0.2106		0.8308		0.8355
AIAN	0.3016		0.1110		0.5290		0.5207
Asian	0.0418		0.5966		0.0184		0.0381
Black or African American	0.6781		0.4256		0.7200		0.2665
NHPI	*		*		*		*
White	0.2820		0.2139		0.8113		0.8883
Two or More Races	0.8834		0.6614		0.5201		0.1744
Hispanic or Latino	0.8853		0.7480		0.9017		0.4822
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.9967		0.1396		0.4243		0.5154
Small Metro	0.4123		0.4898		0.2507		0.7114
Nonmetro	0.5547		0.2685		0.6702		0.4570
Urbanized	0.5220		0.7048		0.8731		0.4630
Less Urbanized	0.6124		0.3866		0.3227		0.5026
Completely Rural	*		*		*		0.5386
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown perception of risk data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

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Table 3.4C – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Cigarette and Alcohol Use: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2023 and 2024
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	CIGARETTES		ALCOHOL
	Smoke One or More Packs Per Day		Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week		Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day
	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	160	165	174	174	156	166
AGE GROUP
12-13	157	169	129	147	169	177
14-15	181	186	152	144	195	189
16-17	182	187	141	160	194	196
SEX
Male	116	120	125	127	121	115
Female	106	119	120	120	106	108
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	133	140	144	136	131	138
AIAN	16	18	12	11	15	18
Asian	85	93	71	99	102	110
Black or African American	114	102	116	92	129	104
NHPI	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	238	250	165	179	247	265
Two or More Races	42	43	33	32	46	48
Hispanic or Latino	102	87	101	97	92	96
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	305	301	235	243	330	326
Small Metro	190	198	149	151	211	211
Nonmetro	128	115	98	91	134	116
Urbanized	68	78	53	51	82	75
Less Urbanized	101	85	80	74	104	90
Completely Rural	54	*	34	*	42	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown perception of risk data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

250417

Table 3.4D – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Cigarette and Alcohol Use: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2023 and 2024
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	CIGARETTES		ALCOHOL
	Smoke One or More Packs Per Day		Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week		Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day
	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	0.63	0.65	0.69	0.68	0.62	0.65
AGE GROUP
12-13	1.10	1.24	1.21	1.16	1.09	1.07
14-15	1.06	1.11	1.14	1.18	0.99	1.10
16-17	1.14	1.08	1.15	1.17	1.07	1.14
SEX
Male	0.89	0.92	0.96	0.97	0.94	0.88
Female	0.86	0.96	0.96	0.96	0.85	0.87
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.71	0.75	0.77	0.73	0.70	0.73
AIAN	4.50	4.43	4.45	4.63	4.40	4.31
Asian	2.71	3.02	2.96	2.96	2.30	2.77
Black or African American	1.76	1.66	1.73	1.55	1.65	1.55
NHPI	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	0.86	0.91	0.93	0.90	0.84	0.91
Two or More Races	2.46	2.58	2.79	2.45	2.42	2.40
Hispanic or Latino	1.54	1.30	1.51	1.43	1.39	1.43
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.87	0.91	1.03	0.94	0.85	0.91
Small Metro	1.13	1.09	1.06	1.14	1.12	1.07
Nonmetro	1.58	1.66	1.63	1.90	1.51	1.65
Urbanized	2.41	2.40	2.24	2.57	2.43	2.40
Less Urbanized	2.24	2.30	2.37	2.80	2.26	2.42
Completely Rural	4.42	*	4.45	*	5.52	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown perception of risk data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

250417

Table 3.4P – Perceived Great Risk of Harm Associated with Cigarette and Alcohol Use: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, P Values from Tests of Differences of Percentages, 2024 Versus 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	CIGARETTES		ALCOHOL
	Smoke One or More Packs Per Day		Have Five or More Drinks Once or Twice a Week		Have Four or Five Drinks Nearly Every Day
	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	0.2574		0.0196		0.1872
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.7604		0.0669		0.5545
14-15	0.7130		0.9379		0.4798
16-17	0.0616		0.0148		0.3040
SEX
Male	0.7410		0.2742		0.2654
Female	0.1946		0.0284		0.4330
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.5962		0.0602		0.3963
AIAN	0.4218		0.9045		0.3380
Asian	0.7290		0.0011		0.3458
Black or African American	0.2449		0.0788		0.0017
NHPI	*		*		*
White	0.9130		0.0475		0.4591
Two or More Races	0.6041		0.9248		0.6737
Hispanic or Latino	0.2453		0.1834		0.2834
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.0862		0.0109		0.0606
Small Metro	0.9182		0.9374		0.7657
Nonmetro	0.5996		0.6495		0.7670
Urbanized	0.4580		0.9678		0.5006
Less Urbanized	0.8615		0.7907		0.7145
Completely Rural	*		*		*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown perception of risk data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

250418

Table 3.5C – Perceived That Obtaining Specific Illicit Drugs Would Be Fairly or Very Easy: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2023 and 2024
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	Marijuana (2023)	Marijuana (2024)	Cocaine (2023)	Cocaine (2024)	Crack (2023)	Crack (2024)	Heroin (2023)	Heroin (2024)	LSD (2023)	LSD (2024)
TOTAL	181	166	100	84	92	83	79	72	97	84
AGE GROUP
12-13	73	65	44	39	39	42	29	39	31	31
14-15	145	124	57	58	56	55	51	36	64	39
16-17	179	174	66	61	63	58	51	50	77	73
SEX
Male	124	115	66	62	59	58	51	51	71	56
Female	122	114	71	64	65	64	57	52	66	67
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	142	139	79	66	74	68	57	59	75	68
AIAN	8	7	3	2	4	3	3	3	6	3
Asian	53	36	21	23	25	22	14	22	21	20
Black or African American	80	72	32	33	33	30	30	26	31	26
NHPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	1	*	*	*
White	171	171	68	63	60	64	46	52	72	64
Two or More Races	32	33	13	10	12	9	9	9	14	9
Hispanic or Latino	105	89	59	54	55	48	52	41	60	47
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	217	192	78	75	74	74	57	61	86	75
Small Metro	146	123	63	47	56	46	50	40	62	48
Nonmetro	92	84	32	32	34	23	34	23	31	24
Urbanized	51	59	20	22	23	10	14	8	21	12
Less Urbanized	77	60	23	22	23	20	29	21	21	19
Completely Rural	23	16	8	9	11	8	*	7	*	8
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown perceived availability data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

250418

Table 3.5D – Perceived That Obtaining Specific Illicit Drugs Would Be Fairly or Very Easy: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2023 and 2024
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	Marijuana (2023)	Marijuana (2024)	Cocaine (2023)	Cocaine (2024)	Crack (2023)	Crack (2024)	Heroin (2023)	Heroin (2024)	LSD (2023)	LSD (2024)
TOTAL	0.73	0.67	0.40	0.34	0.37	0.34	0.32	0.29	0.40	0.35
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.89	0.79	0.59	0.51	0.53	0.54	0.40	0.51	0.43	0.42
14-15	1.16	1.13	0.63	0.64	0.62	0.62	0.56	0.42	0.69	0.48
16-17	1.26	1.20	0.72	0.64	0.68	0.60	0.57	0.54	0.81	0.76
SEX
Male	0.97	0.90	0.52	0.49	0.47	0.46	0.40	0.40	0.57	0.46
Female	0.99	0.94	0.58	0.54	0.53	0.54	0.47	0.44	0.55	0.57
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.77	0.76	0.43	0.37	0.40	0.38	0.31	0.33	0.42	0.39
AIAN	3.46	3.22	1.54	1.26	1.66	1.37	1.58	1.38	2.53	1.34
Asian	2.90	2.23	1.49	1.53	1.73	1.47	1.00	1.48	1.38	1.37
Black or African American	1.77	1.50	0.88	0.90	0.90	0.82	0.83	0.73	0.86	0.75
NHPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	0.77	*	*	*
White	0.93	0.94	0.53	0.48	0.46	0.50	0.36	0.42	0.55	0.50
Two or More Races	2.58	2.43	1.37	0.98	1.31	0.89	1.04	0.87	1.55	0.90
Hispanic or Latino	1.59	1.34	0.90	0.82	0.84	0.74	0.80	0.63	0.93	0.74
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	1.04	0.93	0.55	0.49	0.51	0.50	0.40	0.41	0.57	0.51
Small Metro	1.17	0.96	0.70	0.53	0.64	0.55	0.58	0.48	0.68	0.59
Nonmetro	1.75	1.67	0.89	0.97	0.92	0.80	0.94	0.78	0.88	0.86
Urbanized	2.67	2.05	1.43	1.56	1.59	0.96	1.11	0.82	1.55	1.15
Less Urbanized	2.34	2.56	1.11	1.33	1.13	1.23	1.44	1.25	1.08	1.28
Completely Rural	4.76	5.58	2.57	3.94	3.38	3.62	*	2.91	*	3.47
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown perceived availability data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

250418

Table 3.5P – Perceived That Obtaining Specific Illicit Drugs Would Be Fairly or Very Easy: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, P Values from Tests of Differences of Percentages, 2024 Versus 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	Marijuana (2023)	Cocaine (2023)	Crack (2023)	Heroin (2023)	LSD (2023)
TOTAL	0.0000	0.3241	0.4275	0.0985	0.0006
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.0884	0.7984	0.6237	0.8281	0.3628
14-15	0.0001	0.6596	0.7458	0.0320	0.0003
16-17	0.0108	0.0893	0.2546	0.4071	0.1024
SEX
Male	0.0003	0.7793	0.9482	0.6629	0.0373
Female	0.0044	0.1192	0.2676	0.0556	0.0061
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.0003	0.4422	0.9672	0.3179	0.0067
AIAN	0.0399	0.5084	0.3217	0.5616	0.0285
Asian	0.0007	0.6957	0.2249	0.5781	0.2301
Black or African American	0.4325	0.7633	0.9142	0.4181	0.3163
NHPI	*	*	*	*	*
White	0.0062	0.5721	0.3989	0.4026	0.1018
Two or More Races	0.4295	0.0717	0.0590	0.4962	0.0039
Hispanic or Latino	0.0070	0.5387	0.1971	0.1508	0.0308
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.0001	0.8270	0.5156	0.3398	0.0028
Small Metro	0.0328	0.0451	0.1185	0.3372	0.1120
Nonmetro	0.1998	0.7274	0.0987	0.2672	0.3115
Urbanized	0.3463	0.2132	0.0106	0.0846	0.1153
Less Urbanized	0.1923	0.9484	0.7060	0.5078	0.5142
Completely Rural	0.4699	0.2443	0.6434	*	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown perceived availability data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

250420

Table 3.6C – Perceived That Parents Would Strongly Disapprove of Their Substance Use Behaviors: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2023 and 2024
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE BEHAVIOR
	Trying Marijuana Once or Twice		Using Marijuana Once a Month or More		Smoking Cigarettes Every Day		Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Nearly Every Day
	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	--	129	--	120	--	72	--	105
AGE GROUP
12-13	--	220	--	221	--	221	--	218
14-15	--	224	--	233	--	242	--	235
16-17	--	214	--	216	--	245	--	238
SEX
Male	--	95	--	88	--	56	--	77
Female	--	91	--	78	--	47	--	68
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	--	117	--	106	--	65	--	87
AIAN	--	20	--	20	--	20	--	*
Asian	--	125	--	127	--	126	--	125
Black or African American	--	145	--	150	--	158	--	157
NHPI	--	*	--	*	--	*	--	19
White	--	315	--	322	--	345	--	330
Two or More Races	--	50	--	50	--	53	--	54
Hispanic or Latino	--	65	--	62	--	37	--	53
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	--	386	--	396	--	416	--	404
Small Metro	--	257	--	260	--	282	--	268
Nonmetro	--	159	--	170	--	175	--	181
Urbanized	--	113	--	124	--	126	--	136
Less Urbanized	--	115	--	117	--	124	--	120
Completely Rural	--	41	--	44	--	45	--	46
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown perceptions of parents’ feelings data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

250420

Table 3.6D – Perceived That Parents Would Strongly Disapprove of Their Substance Use Behaviors: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2023 and 2024
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE BEHAVIOR
	Trying Marijuana Once or Twice		Using Marijuana Once a Month or More		Smoking Cigarettes Every Day		Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Nearly Every Day
	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	--	0.50	--	0.47	--	0.28	--	0.41
AGE GROUP
12-13	--	0.64	--	0.58	--	0.54	--	0.60
14-15	--	0.80	--	0.67	--	0.43	--	0.69
16-17	--	1.00	--	0.98	--	0.55	--	0.76
SEX
Male	--	0.73	--	0.67	--	0.43	--	0.59
Female	--	0.72	--	0.63	--	0.37	--	0.54
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	--	0.62	--	0.57	--	0.35	--	0.46
AIAN	--	2.03	--	1.89	--	2.36	--	*
Asian	--	1.62	--	1.41	--	1.27	--	1.76
Black or African American	--	1.62	--	1.57	--	1.02	--	1.10
NHPI	--	*	--	*	--	*	--	1.08
White	--	0.79	--	0.70	--	0.40	--	0.58
Two or More Races	--	1.83	--	1.73	--	1.25	--	0.84
Hispanic or Latino	--	0.96	--	0.92	--	0.54	--	0.78
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	--	0.74	--	0.69	--	0.36	--	0.56
Small Metro	--	0.85	--	0.79	--	0.57	--	0.68
Nonmetro	--	1.22	--	0.99	--	0.78	--	1.13
Urbanized	--	1.85	--	1.20	--	1.45	--	1.87
Less Urbanized	--	1.78	--	1.58	--	0.96	--	1.54
Completely Rural	--	4.22	--	4.05	--	3.10	--	3.24
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown perceptions of parents’ feelings data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

250420

Table 3.7C – Strongly Disapproved or Somewhat Disapproved of Peers’ Substance Use Behaviors: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2023 and 2024
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE BEHAVIOR
	Trying Marijuana Once or Twice		Using Marijuana Once a Month or More		Smoking Cigarettes Every Day		Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Nearly Every Day
	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	--	158	--	149	--	110	--	112
AGE GROUP
12-13	--	216	--	215	--	215	--	216
14-15	--	214	--	215	--	231	--	224
16-17	--	187	--	192	--	229	--	232
SEX
Male	--	104	--	100	--	78	--	81
Female	--	112	--	105	--	77	--	77
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	--	129	--	120	--	90	--	89
AIAN	--	20	--	20	--	20	--	19
Asian	--	125	--	125	--	127	--	128
Black or African American	--	129	--	134	--	148	--	145
NHPI	--	*	--	*	--	*	--	*
White	--	301	--	307	--	336	--	334
Two or More Races	--	47	--	48	--	51	--	53
Hispanic or Latino	--	89	--	82	--	64	--	66
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	--	353	--	367	--	394	--	394
Small Metro	--	244	--	243	--	271	--	268
Nonmetro	--	160	--	148	--	174	--	160
Urbanized	--	119	--	102	--	124	--	108
Less Urbanized	--	106	--	108	--	121	--	118
Completely Rural	--	40	--	40	--	45	--	45
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown feelings about peers data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

250420

Table 3.7D – Strongly Disapproved or Somewhat Disapproved of Peers’ Substance Use Behaviors: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2023 and 2024
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE BEHAVIOR
	Trying Marijuana Once or Twice		Using Marijuana Once a Month or More		Smoking Cigarettes Every Day		Having One or Two Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Nearly Every Day
	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	--	0.62	--	0.58	--	0.43	--	0.44
AGE GROUP
12-13	--	0.67	--	0.61	--	0.54	--	0.61
14-15	--	0.96	--	0.89	--	0.71	--	0.74
16-17	--	1.13	--	1.12	--	0.81	--	0.80
SEX
Male	--	0.80	--	0.77	--	0.60	--	0.62
Female	--	0.90	--	0.83	--	0.61	--	0.61
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	--	0.68	--	0.64	--	0.48	--	0.47
AIAN	--	2.38	--	2.74	--	2.31	--	2.98
Asian	--	1.91	--	1.87	--	1.27	--	1.15
Black or African American	--	1.54	--	1.48	--	1.16	--	1.26
NHPI	--	*	--	*	--	*	--	*
White	--	0.88	--	0.82	--	0.60	--	0.60
Two or More Races	--	2.48	--	2.33	--	1.60	--	1.42
Hispanic or Latino	--	1.32	--	1.21	--	0.94	--	0.97
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	--	0.90	--	0.86	--	0.63	--	0.59
Small Metro	--	0.90	--	0.85	--	0.62	--	0.70
Nonmetro	--	1.40	--	1.32	--	1.07	--	1.27
Urbanized	--	1.90	--	2.08	--	1.49	--	2.20
Less Urbanized	--	2.02	--	1.76	--	1.64	--	1.60
Completely Rural	--	4.21	--	4.25	--	3.18	--	3.88
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown feelings about peers data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

250410

Table 3.8C – Participated in a Prevention Program or Group in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2023 and 2024
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	Alcohol, Tobacco, or Drug Prevention Program Outside of School		Problem-Solving, Communication Skills, or Self-Esteem Group		Violence Prevention Program
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	92	79	125	133	88	73
AGE GROUP
12-13	57	43	79	74	56	43
14-15	65	53	91	92	51	49
16-17	51	48	88	87	54	37
SEX
Male	64	62	91	94	65	59
Female	66	58	95	90	63	45
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	71	62	103	115	70	58
AIAN	6	3	9	7	4	5
Asian	23	21	43	49	23	11
Black or African American	41	30	54	58	42	34
NHPI	*	1	*	*	*	2
White	62	55	106	98	62	46
Two or More Races	12	13	23	28	13	16
Hispanic or Latino	56	50	75	68	57	41
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	74	66	121	128	77	58
Small Metro	48	47	89	80	53	45
Nonmetro	53	30	48	40	30	24
Urbanized	17	15	32	21	15	10
Less Urbanized	37	25	33	33	22	19
Completely Rural	*	5	19	11	14	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown prevention program or group participation data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

250410

Table 3.8D – Participated in a Prevention Program or Group in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2023 and 2024
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	Alcohol, Tobacco, or Drug Prevention Program Outside of School		Problem-Solving, Communication Skills, or Self-Esteem Group		Violence Prevention Program
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	0.36	0.31	0.50	0.53	0.35	0.29
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.69	0.53	0.94	0.85	0.69	0.54
14-15	0.67	0.58	0.89	0.94	0.54	0.54
16-17	0.55	0.51	0.86	0.86	0.59	0.41
SEX
Male	0.49	0.48	0.72	0.74	0.50	0.45
Female	0.53	0.46	0.77	0.73	0.50	0.36
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.38	0.33	0.56	0.63	0.37	0.31
AIAN	2.43	1.60	3.48	3.31	1.90	2.27
Asian	1.46	1.31	2.42	2.78	1.45	0.75
Black or African American	1.03	0.78	1.24	1.39	1.03	0.85
NHPI	*	1.56	*	*	*	2.82
White	0.46	0.41	0.70	0.72	0.45	0.36
Two or More Races	1.28	1.18	2.38	2.44	1.36	1.50
Hispanic or Latino	0.85	0.74	1.15	1.02	0.86	0.61
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.47	0.43	0.68	0.76	0.50	0.39
Small Metro	0.55	0.55	0.88	0.79	0.58	0.51
Nonmetro	1.41	0.90	1.18	1.42	0.79	0.77
Urbanized	1.39	1.26	2.19	2.17	1.20	0.92
Less Urbanized	1.86	1.35	1.49	2.00	1.07	1.07
Completely Rural	*	2.25	3.07	4.18	3.19	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown prevention program or group participation data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

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Table 3.8P – Participated in a Prevention Program or Group in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, P Values from Tests of Differences of Percentages, 2024 Versus 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	Alcohol, Tobacco, or Drug Prevention Program Outside of School		Problem-Solving, Communication Skills, or Self-Esteem Group		Violence Prevention Program
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	0.0374		0.3856		0.0003
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.0413		0.4313		0.0014
14-15	0.2782		0.6173		0.2165
16-17	0.6089		0.7659		0.0462
SEX
Male	0.2013		0.5529		0.2979
Female	0.1151		0.5160		0.0000
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.0289		0.5274		0.0002
AIAN	0.4218		0.4578		0.4927
Asian	0.3550		0.6039		0.0180
Black or African American	0.1688		0.0905		0.2877
NHPI	*		*		*
White	0.1540		0.5129		0.0006
Two or More Races	0.9519		0.3440		0.4907
Hispanic or Latino	0.4945		0.5383		0.2313
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.1650		0.2801		0.0010
Small Metro	0.3242		0.7886		0.2138
Nonmetro	0.2520		0.7455		0.2788
Urbanized	0.3209		0.3879		0.0521
Less Urbanized	0.9164		0.1971		0.9569
Completely Rural	*		0.7073		*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown prevention program or group participation data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

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Table 3.9C – Engaged in a Physical Delinquent Behavior in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2023 and 2024
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	PHYSICAL DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR
	Got into a Serious Fight at School or Work		Took Part in a Group-Against-Group Fight		Attacked Someone with the Intent to Seriously Hurt Them
	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	121	135	95	100	74	71
AGE GROUP
12-13	75	89	55	61	46	40
14-15	90	83	68	57	47	42
16-17	68	74	59	66	38	42
SEX
Male	93	96	75	73	62	58
Female	77	84	60	66	43	40
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	96	119	78	84	62	63
AIAN	6	11	6	5	4	3
Asian	28	27	18	20	11	14
Black or African American	59	66	42	49	36	39
NHPI	*	*	*	*	1	1
White	93	108	71	74	52	48
Two or More Races	18	26	12	16	9	13
Hispanic or Latino	69	65	54	53	39	35
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	109	128	85	94	60	53
Small Metro	81	82	59	51	39	44
Nonmetro	55	52	31	29	28	27
Urbanized	25	37	21	14	18	17
Less Urbanized	45	31	23	25	21	19
Completely Rural	21	19	11	7	2	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown delinquent behavior data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

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Table 3.9D – Engaged in a Physical Delinquent Behavior in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2023 and 2024
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	PHYSICAL DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR
	Got into a Serious Fight at School or Work		Took Part in a Group-Against-Group Fight		Attacked Someone with the Intent to Seriously Hurt Them
	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	0.47	0.53	0.37	0.39	0.29	0.27
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.86	0.96	0.65	0.71	0.57	0.48
14-15	0.87	0.84	0.71	0.63	0.51	0.46
16-17	0.73	0.79	0.63	0.70	0.42	0.45
SEX
Male	0.72	0.73	0.58	0.56	0.47	0.44
Female	0.62	0.67	0.48	0.53	0.34	0.32
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.51	0.63	0.41	0.45	0.33	0.33
AIAN	2.54	4.55	2.57	2.64	1.59	1.38
Asian	1.66	1.59	1.15	1.33	0.79	0.93
Black or African American	1.36	1.48	1.06	1.26	0.93	1.03
NHPI	*	*	*	*	0.70	1.29
White	0.64	0.76	0.53	0.54	0.40	0.37
Two or More Races	1.82	2.39	1.25	1.50	0.94	1.24
Hispanic or Latino	1.04	0.95	0.80	0.77	0.58	0.51
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.67	0.75	0.55	0.59	0.41	0.34
Small Metro	0.80	0.86	0.61	0.59	0.45	0.53
Nonmetro	1.27	1.35	0.85	0.83	0.78	0.84
Urbanized	1.80	2.01	1.47	1.03	1.45	1.24
Less Urbanized	1.86	1.81	1.06	1.23	1.02	1.18
Completely Rural	3.07	4.92	3.79	2.84	0.83	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown delinquent behavior data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

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Table 3.9P – Engaged in a Physical Delinquent Behavior in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, P Values from Tests of Differences of Percentages, 2024 Versus 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	PHYSICAL DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR
	Got into a Serious Fight at School or Work		Took Part in a Group-Against-Group Fight		Attacked Someone with the Intent to Seriously Hurt Them
	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	0.8012		0.9258		0.4482
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.0812		0.3054		0.0780
14-15	0.2188		0.3402		0.9403
16-17	0.9585		0.8815		0.7075
SEX
Male	0.6827		0.4966		0.9598
Female	0.9493		0.4964		0.1608
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.3986		0.6692		0.4789
AIAN	0.0059		0.7891		0.8567
Asian	0.6772		0.8536		0.6966
Black or African American	0.3618		0.5267		0.4814
NHPI	*		*		0.5799
White	0.9905		0.2910		0.1661
Two or More Races	0.0908		0.2989		0.5195
Hispanic or Latino	0.3577		0.6253		0.7863
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.9144		0.7767		0.1341
Small Metro	0.4528		0.6409		0.2453
Nonmetro	0.5648		0.7575		0.5136
Urbanized	0.7897		0.0412		0.2032
Less Urbanized	0.1882		0.1038		0.5625
Completely Rural	0.2794		0.4383		*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown delinquent behavior data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

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Table 3.10C – Engaged in a Nonphysical Delinquent Behavior in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2023 and 2024
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	NONPHYSICAL DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR
	Carried a Handgun		Sold Illegal Drugs		Stole or Tried to Steal Anything Worth More Than $50
	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	80	64	34	37	71	68
AGE GROUP
12-13	34	33	10	14	24	29
14-15	56	36	21	14	57	36
16-17	54	44	27	30	42	47
SEX
Male	71	55	28	31	56	45
Female	44	33	22	21	43	46
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	62	54	28	31	52	50
AIAN	4	4	3	2	4	5
Asian	6	11	6	3	8	13
Black or African American	25	28	12	19	24	30
NHPI	1	1	*	1	*	2
White	59	47	25	24	46	37
Two or More Races	9	9	6	5	14	16
Hispanic or Latino	53	34	22	19	47	44
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	63	49	26	26	59	60
Small Metro	45	42	19	24	40	33
Nonmetro	39	24	11	9	21	16
Urbanized	20	18	5	7	11	8
Less Urbanized	31	15	10	6	18	14
Completely Rural	*	4	*	<1	3	2
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown delinquent behavior data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

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Table 3.10D – Engaged in a Nonphysical Delinquent Behavior in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2023 and 2024
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	NONPHYSICAL DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR
	Carried a Handgun		Sold Illegal Drugs		Stole or Tried to Steal Anything Worth More Than $50
	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	0.31	0.25	0.13	0.14	0.28	0.26
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.42	0.41	0.13	0.18	0.30	0.35
14-15	0.59	0.39	0.23	0.16	0.60	0.40
16-17	0.59	0.48	0.30	0.34	0.46	0.50
SEX
Male	0.54	0.42	0.21	0.24	0.43	0.35
Female	0.35	0.26	0.18	0.16	0.34	0.37
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.33	0.29	0.15	0.17	0.28	0.26
AIAN	1.86	1.82	1.24	0.83	1.89	2.47
Asian	0.40	0.70	0.38	0.21	0.54	0.87
Black or African American	0.67	0.78	0.33	0.53	0.63	0.82
NHPI	0.86	1.40	*	1.20	*	2.41
White	0.44	0.37	0.19	0.19	0.36	0.28
Two or More Races	1.02	0.90	0.66	0.51	1.53	1.44
Hispanic or Latino	0.79	0.50	0.33	0.27	0.70	0.64
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.43	0.32	0.19	0.17	0.41	0.40
Small Metro	0.51	0.47	0.22	0.29	0.47	0.40
Nonmetro	0.97	0.74	0.33	0.32	0.60	0.54
Urbanized	1.55	1.34	0.41	0.61	0.91	0.76
Less Urbanized	1.37	0.91	0.52	0.40	0.90	0.83
Completely Rural	*	1.72	*	0.04	0.90	0.71
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown delinquent behavior data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

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Table 3.10P – Engaged in a Nonphysical Delinquent Behavior in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, P Values from Tests of Differences of Percentages, 2024 Versus 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	NONPHYSICAL DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR
	Carried a Handgun		Sold Illegal Drugs		Stole or Tried to Steal Anything Worth More Than $50
	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	0.1471		0.7396		0.3449
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.6280		0.9441		0.6383
14-15	0.0261		0.2743		0.0185
16-17	0.6653		0.8037		0.4337
SEX
Male	0.3165		0.7285		0.4314
Female	0.2725		0.3010		0.5766
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.4170		0.6266		0.2854
AIAN	0.8754		0.4827		0.9659
Asian	0.3525		0.6714		0.3229
Black or African American	0.7119		0.2552		0.5630
NHPI	0.4485		*		*
White	0.4179		0.3678		0.0416
Two or More Races	0.8412		0.1753		0.8705
Hispanic or Latino	0.1784		0.9072		0.7957
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.0866		0.2895		0.3898
Small Metro	0.5302		0.5073		0.6382
Nonmetro	0.2677		0.8720		0.8843
Urbanized	0.2237		0.4410		0.8271
Less Urbanized	0.0120		0.6297		0.9909
Completely Rural	*		*		0.8717
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown delinquent behavior data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

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Table 3.11C – Select Risk and Protective Factors for Substance Use Disorders and Mental Illness: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2023 and 2024
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	Youth Argued with at Least One Parent 10 or More Times in the Past Year		Youth Was Approached by Someone Selling Drugs in the Past Month		Youth Had Someone to Talk to about Problems¹
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	145	137	88	76	71	87
AGE GROUP
12-13	69	83	30	28	199	221
14-15	103	96	59	45	242	226
16-17	97	90	62	57	234	238
SEX
Male	87	90	65	57	49	63
Female	103	105	55	45	52	62
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	120	116	71	57	59	69
AIAN	8	*	8	4	20	19
Asian	37	46	13	10	111	122
Black or African American	42	43	29	30	157	144
NHPI	1	*	*	*	21	*
White	121	123	65	45	319	334
Two or More Races	23	28	10	17	52	50
Hispanic or Latino	73	76	54	45	38	53
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	133	136	75	65	409	407
Small Metro	84	86	51	44	263	263
Nonmetro	61	61	29	22	197	179
Urbanized	40	32	17	16	111	137
Less Urbanized	38	51	22	14	153	115
Completely Rural	31	11	2	*	85	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown risk or protective factors data were excluded from the respective analyses. ¹ Respondents were able to select multiple categories of people that they would talk to about a serious problem, including the choice of “nobody.” Respondents who reported both a person that they would talk to and that they had nobody to talk to were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

250411

Table 3.11D – Select Risk and Protective Factors for Substance Use Disorders and Mental Illness: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2023 and 2024
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	Youth Argued with at Least One Parent 10 or More Times in the Past Year		Youth Was Approached by Someone Selling Drugs in the Past Month		Youth Had Someone to Talk to about Problems¹
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	0.58	0.54	0.34	0.29	0.29	0.35
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.86	0.95	0.37	0.34	0.54	0.58
14-15	1.01	0.94	0.62	0.50	0.48	0.68
16-17	0.97	0.88	0.65	0.60	0.45	0.53
SEX
Male	0.68	0.70	0.49	0.43	0.39	0.49
Female	0.84	0.84	0.44	0.35	0.42	0.51
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.64	0.62	0.37	0.30	0.32	0.38
AIAN	3.23	*	3.09	1.90	3.59	2.76
Asian	2.08	2.59	0.90	0.68	1.28	1.51
Black or African American	1.12	1.15	0.76	0.75	0.88	1.12
NHPI	1.53	*	*	*	1.43	*
White	0.80	0.79	0.48	0.35	0.39	0.41
Two or More Races	2.27	2.27	1.00	1.56	1.05	1.90
Hispanic or Latino	1.10	1.12	0.80	0.65	0.58	0.80
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.84	0.77	0.48	0.42	0.42	0.49
Small Metro	0.86	0.84	0.57	0.49	0.45	0.58
Nonmetro	1.43	1.53	0.81	0.73	0.57	1.00
Urbanized	2.55	1.72	1.35	1.40	0.78	1.37
Less Urbanized	1.71	2.52	1.10	0.84	0.86	1.45
Completely Rural	5.36	3.26	0.79	*	1.06	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown risk or protective factors data were excluded from the respective analyses. ¹ Respondents were able to select multiple categories of people that they would talk to about a serious problem, including the choice of “nobody.” Respondents who reported both a person that they would talk to and that they had nobody to talk to were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

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Table 3.11P – Select Risk and Protective Factors for Substance Use Disorders and Mental Illness: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, P Values from Tests of Differences of Percentages, 2024 Versus 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	Youth Argued with at Least One Parent 10 or More Times in the Past Year		Youth Was Approached by Someone Selling Drugs in the Past Month		Youth Had Someone to Talk to about Problems¹
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	0.3084		0.0011		0.0000
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.8017		0.3284		0.2871
14-15	0.4102		0.0306		0.0155
16-17	0.2899		0.0191		0.0003
SEX
Male	0.2360		0.0201		0.0017
Female	0.0139		0.0124		0.0109
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.0896		0.0024		0.0016
AIAN	*		0.3559		0.9718
Asian	0.5275		0.0837		0.9368
Black or African American	0.9962		0.8305		0.0009
NHPI	*		*		*
White	0.0247		0.0018		0.2781
Two or More Races	0.1088		0.4810		0.0687
Hispanic or Latino	0.4402		0.1523		0.0077
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.2322		0.0021		0.0357
Small Metro	0.6784		0.2436		0.0013
Nonmetro	0.4115		0.3297		0.0140
Urbanized	0.1729		0.4794		0.2359
Less Urbanized	0.7348		0.3050		0.1418
Completely Rural	0.1568		*		*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown risk or protective factors data were excluded from the respective analyses. ¹ Respondents were able to select multiple categories of people that they would talk to about a serious problem, including the choice of “nobody.” Respondents who reported both a person that they would talk to and that they had nobody to talk to were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

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Table 3.12C – Always or Sometimes Had Parental Involvement through Specific Behaviors in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2023 and 2024
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT
	Parents Made Youth Do Chores around the House		Parents Limited Amount of Time Youth Watched or Used Electronics (e.g., TV, Tablets, Video Games)		Parents Let Youth Know He or She Had Done a Good Job		Parents Let Youth Know They Were Proud of Something He or She Had Done
	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	121	130	--	178	138	130	143	133
AGE GROUP
12-13	194	204	--	186	194	216	194	213
14-15	238	228	--	158	217	211	214	210
16-17	233	230	--	134	215	217	214	212
SEX
Male	80	82	--	131	86	84	87	93
Female	80	98	--	120	98	94	104	95
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	101	101	--	147	109	105	113	112
AIAN	21	19	--	9	22	18	18	18
Asian	102	102	--	88	101	110	99	109
Black or African American	161	149	--	93	148	141	146	141
NHPI	*	*	--	*	*	*	*	18
White	305	329	--	225	297	321	297	318
Two or More Races	51	50	--	36	48	49	47	48
Hispanic or Latino	60	76	--	99	85	80	86	77
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	388	387	--	271	370	379	374	375
Small Metro	263	268	--	171	246	264	240	262
Nonmetro	190	176	--	86	173	163	176	161
Urbanized	110	135	--	54	94	118	96	118
Less Urbanized	143	113	--	64	143	114	143	109
Completely Rural	83	*	--	30	*	39	68	43
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown parental involvement data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

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Table 3.12D – Always or Sometimes Had Parental Involvement through Specific Behaviors in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2023 and 2024
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT
	Parents Made Youth Do Chores around the House		Parents Limited Amount of Time Youth Watched or Used Electronics (e.g., TV, Tablets, Video Games)		Parents Let Youth Know He or She Had Done a Good Job		Parents Let Youth Know They Were Proud of Something He or She Had Done
	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	0.47	0.51	--	0.69	0.54	0.50	0.56	0.52
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.79	0.90	--	1.15	0.69	0.70	0.77	0.68
14-15	0.73	0.77	--	1.19	0.88	0.83	0.89	0.86
16-17	0.76	0.78	--	1.13	1.02	0.90	1.06	0.96
SEX
Male	0.61	0.62	--	1.00	0.66	0.64	0.67	0.71
Female	0.64	0.78	--	0.95	0.78	0.74	0.83	0.76
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.54	0.53	--	0.78	0.57	0.56	0.60	0.59
AIAN	2.67	3.47	--	4.48	2.68	4.05	3.87	3.99
Asian	2.23	2.81	--	2.64	2.58	2.41	2.83	2.45
Black or African American	0.94	1.01	--	1.72	1.28	1.34	1.17	1.38
NHPI	*	*	--	*	*	*	*	3.40
White	0.70	0.63	--	1.01	0.69	0.66	0.74	0.71
Two or More Races	1.71	1.82	--	2.52	2.03	2.01	2.12	2.06
Hispanic or Latino	0.90	1.11	--	1.45	1.26	1.18	1.29	1.14
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.70	0.75	--	0.97	0.74	0.74	0.77	0.71
Small Metro	0.67	0.71	--	1.16	0.90	0.79	0.97	0.90
Nonmetro	1.14	1.14	--	1.83	1.26	1.13	1.26	1.25
Urbanized	1.53	1.78	--	3.14	1.94	1.62	1.93	1.71
Less Urbanized	1.62	1.41	--	2.28	1.59	1.63	1.87	1.86
Completely Rural	3.02	*	--	5.74	*	4.86	3.48	5.22
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown parental involvement data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

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Table 3.12P – Always or Sometimes Had Parental Involvement through Specific Behaviors in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, P Values from Tests of Differences of Percentages, 2024 Versus 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT
	Parents Made Youth Do Chores around the House		Parents Limited Amount of Time Youth Watched or Used Electronics (e.g., TV, Tablets, Video Games)		Parents Let Youth Know He or She Had Done a Good Job		Parents Let Youth Know They Were Proud of Something He or She Had Done
	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	0.4393		--		0.2967		0.1671
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.6217		--		0.9802		0.1470
14-15	0.3258		--		0.6263		0.1954
16-17	0.9460		--		0.2340		0.9808
SEX
Male	0.9008		--		0.4218		0.3864
Female	0.2189		--		0.0276		0.0073
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.9129		--		0.4129		0.0738
AIAN	0.7401		--		0.1927		0.5680
Asian	0.0640		--		0.3787		0.1256
Black or African American	0.1990		--		0.9029		0.8620
NHPI	*		--		*		*
White	0.1782		--		0.4893		0.1502
Two or More Races	0.7777		--		0.7848		0.9129
Hispanic or Latino	0.2171		--		0.5091		0.9123
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.6511		--		0.6994		0.5967
Small Metro	0.1076		--		0.3887		0.2121
Nonmetro	0.2253		--		0.3174		0.2975
Urbanized	0.5737		--		0.1230		0.0278
Less Urbanized	0.1234		--		0.8278		0.9892
Completely Rural	*		--		*		0.5955
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown parental involvement data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

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Table 3.13C – Measures of Student Characteristics of Those Enrolled in School in Past Year: Among Students Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2023 and 2024
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	STUDENT CHARACTERISTICS
	Participated in One or Fewer Activities¹		Saw or Heard Drug or Alcohol Prevention Messages in School		Youth Liked a Lot or Kind of Liked Going to School		Grade Average for Last Completed Period Was “D” or Lower²
	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	155	167	376	370	396	420	64	69
AGE GROUP
12-13	66	78	156	162	172	184	24	28
14-15	93	95	195	202	196	209	39	44
16-17	93	99	180	178	194	204	42	39
SEX
Male	109	121	240	234	269	265	43	46
Female	105	95	234	225	231	247	45	47
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	123	127	315	317	319	344	51	50
AIAN	6	13	17	18	18	13	3	4
Asian	22	39	95	110	101	108	8	4
Black or African American	46	50	113	104	128	124	18	31
NHPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	106	105	253	263	246	280	39	36
Two or More Races	24	23	43	43	43	45	14	11
Hispanic or Latino	99	100	189	182	210	210	35	45
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	122	134	297	303	316	344	48	54
Small Metro	96	82	200	212	211	225	35	31
Nonmetro	57	68	136	127	132	145	22	28
Urbanized	34	55	73	78	69	114	11	22
Less Urbanized	46	36	93	99	101	91	19	17
Completely Rural	*	*	*	33	*	33	5	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown student characteristics data were excluded from the respective analyses. NOTE: Youths who did not report their school enrollment status or reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months were excluded from the respective analyses. Youths reporting that they were “home-schooled” in the past 12 months were considered to be enrolled in school. ¹ The number of activities participated in is based on four questions: participation in school-based activities, community-based activities, church or faith-based activities, and other activities. For each question, the response categories include “none,” “one,” “two,” and “3 or more.” Respondents were excluded from the respective analyses if they had unknown data for at least three of the questions and if their known responses did not place them in the recoded “two or more” category. ² Respondents reporting that their school does not give these grades were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

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Table 3.13D – Measures of Student Characteristics of Those Enrolled in School in Past Year: Among Students Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2023 and 2024
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	STUDENT CHARACTERISTICS
	Participated in One or Fewer Activities¹		Saw or Heard Drug or Alcohol Prevention Messages in School		Youth Liked a Lot or Kind of Liked Going to School		Grade Average for Last Completed Period Was “D” or Lower²
	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	0.55	0.61	0.65	0.66	0.63	0.66	0.27	0.29
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.85	0.95	1.19	1.18	1.06	1.12	0.37	0.40
14-15	0.95	1.01	1.09	1.04	1.10	1.05	0.46	0.55
16-17	1.00	1.03	1.15	1.15	1.09	1.06	0.52	0.47
SEX
Male	0.78	0.83	0.95	0.98	0.85	0.85	0.37	0.39
Female	0.78	0.73	0.91	0.82	0.91	0.95	0.40	0.40
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.61	0.66	0.73	0.79	0.70	0.77	0.29	0.29
AIAN	3.09	6.10	4.48	4.56	2.80	5.50	1.87	2.58
Asian	1.57	2.51	2.10	2.54	2.35	2.83	0.60	0.27
Black or African American	1.29	1.40	1.67	1.72	1.56	1.49	0.57	0.97
NHPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	0.75	0.81	0.94	0.98	0.85	0.94	0.34	0.31
Two or More Races	2.47	2.12	2.38	2.70	2.45	2.66	1.64	1.18
Hispanic or Latino	1.24	1.33	1.42	1.24	1.44	1.24	0.60	0.70
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.78	0.81	0.90	0.92	0.93	0.90	0.37	0.40
Small Metro	1.07	0.93	1.07	1.09	0.98	1.08	0.46	0.41
Nonmetro	1.49	1.86	1.87	1.95	1.67	1.86	0.76	1.01
Urbanized	2.32	3.29	2.56	3.00	2.15	2.84	0.93	1.98
Less Urbanized	1.89	2.28	2.38	2.62	2.36	2.68	1.18	1.17
Completely Rural	*	*	*	4.97	*	5.61	1.79	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown student characteristics data were excluded from the respective analyses. NOTE: Youths who did not report their school enrollment status or reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months were excluded from the respective analyses. Youths reporting that they were “home-schooled” in the past 12 months were considered to be enrolled in school. ¹ The number of activities participated in is based on four questions: participation in school-based activities, community-based activities, church or faith-based activities, and other activities. For each question, the response categories include “none,” “one,” “two,” and “3 or more.” Respondents were excluded from the respective analyses if they had unknown data for at least three of the questions and if their known responses did not place them in the recoded “two or more” category. ² Respondents reporting that their school does not give these grades were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

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Table 3.13P – Measures of Student Characteristics of Those Enrolled in School in Past Year: Among Students Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, P Values from Tests of Differences of Percentages, 2024 Versus 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	STUDENT CHARACTERISTICS
	Participated in One or Fewer Activities¹		Saw or Heard Drug or Alcohol Prevention Messages in School		Youth Liked a Lot or Kind of Liked Going to School		Grade Average for Last Completed Period Was “D” or Lower²
	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	0.7186		0.6731		0.2569		0.7471
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.5328		0.9064		0.5887		0.7727
14-15	0.4734		0.0554		0.0354		0.5027
16-17	0.4608		0.3304		0.5535		0.9905
SEX
Male	0.1851		0.7128		0.5399		0.8485
Female	0.3758		0.8290		0.0294		0.7821
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.6975		0.9253		0.3901		0.3393
AIAN	0.1441		0.5615		0.0063		0.3569
Asian	0.0689		0.2094		0.4968		0.2533
Black or African American	0.1786		0.1392		0.4495		0.4052
NHPI	*		*		*		*
White	0.5546		0.2432		0.2606		0.2122
Two or More Races	0.3928		0.2359		0.4586		0.3033
Hispanic or Latino	0.9799		0.5068		0.4441		0.4912
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.1720		0.7399		0.2613		0.8384
Small Metro	0.4501		0.6469		0.1785		0.3446
Nonmetro	0.5424		0.2554		0.0170		0.8837
Urbanized	0.4028		0.8899		0.0211		0.9057
Less Urbanized	0.2286		0.0459		0.0805		0.9891
Completely Rural	*		*		*		*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown student characteristics data were excluded from the respective analyses. NOTE: Youths who did not report their school enrollment status or reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months were excluded from the respective analyses. Youths reporting that they were “home-schooled” in the past 12 months were considered to be enrolled in school. ¹ The number of activities participated in is based on four questions: participation in school-based activities, community-based activities, church or faith-based activities, and other activities. For each question, the response categories include “none,” “one,” “two,” and “3 or more.” Respondents were excluded from the respective analyses if they had unknown data for at least three of the questions and if their known responses did not place them in the recoded “two or more” category. ² Respondents reporting that their school does not give these grades were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

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Table 3.14C – Students Enrolled in School in Past Year Who Always or Sometimes Had Adult Involvement through Specific School-Related Behaviors: Among Students Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2023 and 2024
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	ADULT INVOLVEMENT
	Teacher Let Youth Know He or She Was Doing a Good Job with School Work		Parents Checked That Youth Did Homework		Parents Provided Help with Homework		Parents Limited Time Youth Went Out with Friends on a School Night
	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	406	400	420	428	425	433	330	346
AGE GROUP
12-13	173	194	177	205	179	210	146	171
14-15	201	196	217	205	212	207	176	173
16-17	198	192	194	208	191	199	163	167
SEX
Male	270	258	286	271	284	264	217	211
Female	242	238	241	250	241	262	204	219
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	318	331	337	349	350	363	265	273
AIAN	16	14	18	*	18	19	16	10
Asian	88	107	94	115	91	111	75	93
Black or African American	136	133	132	124	131	120	112	96
NHPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	243	272	270	288	284	308	219	228
Two or More Races	46	47	47	48	43	49	36	38
Hispanic or Latino	222	203	224	217	208	197	179	184
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	319	324	328	358	337	355	257	279
Small Metro	216	231	221	228	224	232	185	182
Nonmetro	146	124	156	133	157	162	124	112
Urbanized	76	85	87	91	85	126	63	73
Less Urbanized	112	88	125	93	133	104	97	86
Completely Rural	66	37	66	*	48	33	62	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Youths who did not report their school enrollment status or reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months were excluded from the respective analyses. Youths reporting that they were “home-schooled” in the past 12 months were considered to be enrolled in school. NOTE: Respondents with unknown adult involvement data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

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Table 3.14D – Students Enrolled in School in Past Year Who Always or Sometimes Had Adult Involvement through Specific School-Related Behaviors: Among Students Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2023 and 2024
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	ADULT INVOLVEMENT
	Teacher Let Youth Know He or She Was Doing a Good Job with School Work		Parents Checked That Youth Did Homework		Parents Provided Help with Homework		Parents Limited Time Youth Went Out with Friends on a School Night
	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	0.64	0.61	0.59	0.56	0.59	0.61	0.74	0.70
AGE GROUP
12-13	1.01	0.88	0.94	0.88	0.85	0.84	1.25	1.25
14-15	1.03	1.08	0.88	0.89	0.97	0.97	1.15	1.23
16-17	1.19	1.09	1.08	1.06	1.16	1.14	1.23	1.20
SEX
Male	0.85	0.87	0.72	0.81	0.80	0.92	1.06	1.01
Female	0.96	0.84	0.90	0.80	0.85	0.78	1.00	0.97
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.73	0.69	0.67	0.65	0.64	0.64	0.79	0.81
AIAN	4.45	5.83	3.23	*	3.14	2.18	4.83	5.85
Asian	2.49	2.71	2.26	2.11	2.56	2.41	3.17	3.28
Black or African American	1.35	1.22	1.48	1.44	1.59	1.45	1.93	1.85
NHPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	0.92	0.88	0.83	0.82	0.76	0.79	0.97	1.00
Two or More Races	2.42	2.58	2.19	2.04	2.34	1.96	2.71	2.65
Hispanic or Latino	1.21	1.38	1.21	1.05	1.35	1.35	1.59	1.39
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.95	0.87	0.84	0.77	0.85	0.83	1.09	0.97
Small Metro	1.03	0.97	0.93	0.93	0.93	1.05	1.17	1.15
Nonmetro	1.54	1.67	1.27	1.64	1.45	1.57	1.70	1.82
Urbanized	2.00	2.68	2.14	2.85	2.43	2.30	2.27	2.61
Less Urbanized	2.34	2.40	1.71	2.01	1.71	2.15	2.54	2.56
Completely Rural	4.80	5.21	3.61	*	6.06	5.96	6.09	*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Youths who did not report their school enrollment status or reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months were excluded from the respective analyses. Youths reporting that they were “home-schooled” in the past 12 months were considered to be enrolled in school. NOTE: Respondents with unknown adult involvement data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

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Table 3.14P – Students Enrolled in School in Past Year Who Always or Sometimes Had Adult Involvement through Specific School-Related Behaviors: Among Students Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, P Values from Tests of Differences of Percentages, 2024 Versus 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	ADULT INVOLVEMENT
	Teacher Let Youth Know He or She Was Doing a Good Job with School Work		Parents Checked That Youth Did Homework		Parents Provided Help with Homework		Parents Limited Time Youth Went Out with Friends on a School Night
	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	0.3462		0.3560		0.7636		0.3582
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.0193		0.3022		0.6599		0.3276
14-15	0.9748		0.6815		0.4726		0.3028
16-17	0.7823		0.6602		0.7382		0.8252
SEX
Male	0.8749		0.6713		0.0729		0.9007
Female	0.2420		0.1025		0.0206		0.1390
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.1021		0.4317		0.8747		0.3947
AIAN	0.8194		*		0.1230		0.9389
Asian	0.6303		0.0404		0.2414		0.6722
Black or African American	0.0941		0.5983		0.2321		0.3417
NHPI	*		*		*		*
White	0.1984		0.7229		0.9225		0.2142
Two or More Races	0.3032		0.6594		0.3805		0.9237
Hispanic or Latino	0.4345		0.6179		0.7340		0.7115
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.9544		0.1571		0.3612		0.3531
Small Metro	0.3077		0.7174		0.4631		0.7684
Nonmetro	0.2847		0.7766		0.8062		0.2061
Urbanized	0.1140		0.7873		0.1109		0.5533
Less Urbanized	0.7264		0.4207		0.3320		0.1332
Completely Rural	0.7497		*		0.8876		*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Youths who did not report their school enrollment status or reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months were excluded from the respective analyses. Youths reporting that they were “home-schooled” in the past 12 months were considered to be enrolled in school. NOTE: Respondents with unknown adult involvement data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

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Table 3.15C – Students Enrolled in School in Past Year who Perceived That All or Most Students in Grade Level Use Specific Substances: Among Students Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Numbers in Thousands, 2023 and 2024
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE OF STUDENTS IN GRADE LEVEL
	Smoke Cigarettes		Use Marijuana		Drink Alcoholic Beverages		Get Drunk at Least Once a Week
	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	128	120	195	172	197	190	108	103
AGE GROUP
12-13	45	38	44	40	39	37	22	21
14-15	77	74	107	98	95	93	60	56
16-17	79	78	137	123	152	149	77	81
SEX
Male	79	74	115	106	109	102	65	59
Female	93	88	137	127	145	146	81	80
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	96	95	149	135	163	155	86	82
AIAN	7	4	9	4	6	5	4	3
Asian	26	25	26	28	35	42	14	23
Black or African American	50	50	75	73	60	65	42	43
NHPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	71	70	107	103	133	128	69	63
Two or More Races	16	26	25	29	25	31	15	20
Hispanic or Latino	85	77	120	103	113	110	61	62
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	92	100	153	140	159	156	88	82
Small Metro	80	57	107	98	105	97	52	50
Nonmetro	46	45	56	58	68	67	42	36
Urbanized	29	31	35	44	44	41	21	22
Less Urbanized	38	30	43	37	50	52	36	29
Completely Rural	5	6	*	8	20	11	*	5
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Youths who did not report their school enrollment status, reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months, or reported that they were “home-schooled” in the past 12 months were excluded from the respective analyses. NOTE: Respondents with unknown substance use in grade level data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

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Table 3.15D – Students Enrolled in School in Past Year who Perceived That All or Most Students in Grade Level Use Specific Substances: Among Students Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, Standard Errors of Percentages, 2023 and 2024
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE OF STUDENTS IN GRADE LEVEL
	Smoke Cigarettes		Use Marijuana		Drink Alcoholic Beverages		Get Drunk at Least Once a Week
	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	0.49	0.48	0.66	0.63	0.66	0.67	0.42	0.42
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.63	0.53	0.63	0.55	0.56	0.52	0.32	0.30
14-15	0.87	0.83	1.12	1.04	1.04	1.03	0.70	0.67
16-17	0.87	0.89	1.22	1.18	1.29	1.25	0.85	0.91
SEX
Male	0.64	0.59	0.82	0.82	0.82	0.79	0.54	0.49
Female	0.73	0.71	0.95	0.92	0.97	0.98	0.66	0.65
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.50	0.51	0.71	0.66	0.73	0.75	0.45	0.46
AIAN	3.51	2.65	4.39	2.92	3.49	3.10	2.49	2.08
Asian	1.81	1.76	1.82	2.07	2.30	2.58	0.93	1.65
Black or African American	1.42	1.45	1.81	1.88	1.69	1.79	1.27	1.30
NHPI	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
White	0.56	0.57	0.79	0.76	0.90	0.89	0.55	0.52
Two or More Races	1.83	2.53	2.55	2.54	2.49	2.76	1.71	2.06
Hispanic or Latino	1.19	1.15	1.50	1.37	1.51	1.47	0.96	0.96
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.64	0.68	0.93	0.89	0.95	0.96	0.62	0.59
Small Metro	0.91	0.76	1.09	1.03	1.08	1.02	0.64	0.64
Nonmetro	1.36	1.28	1.68	1.53	1.63	1.73	1.26	1.08
Urbanized	2.24	2.09	2.46	2.26	3.05	2.56	1.63	1.59
Less Urbanized	1.90	1.73	2.15	2.20	2.13	2.46	1.88	1.61
Completely Rural	1.76	2.88	*	3.66	3.44	5.08	*	2.58
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Youths who did not report their school enrollment status, reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months, or reported that they were “home-schooled” in the past 12 months were excluded from the respective analyses. NOTE: Respondents with unknown substance use in grade level data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.

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Table 3.15P – Students Enrolled in School in Past Year who Perceived That All or Most Students in Grade Level Use Specific Substances: Among Students Aged 12 to 17; by Demographic and Geographic Characteristics, P Values from Tests of Differences of Percentages, 2024 Versus 2023
Demographic/Geographic Characteristic	SUBSTANCE USE OF STUDENTS IN GRADE LEVEL
	Smoke Cigarettes		Use Marijuana		Drink Alcoholic Beverages		Get Drunk at Least Once a Week
	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024	2023	2024
TOTAL	0.6684		0.0072		0.2543		0.5786
AGE GROUP
12-13	0.1588		0.3552		0.9641		0.5852
14-15	0.7610		0.0307		0.2703		0.5712
16-17	0.6377		0.0723		0.3136		0.3253
SEX
Male	0.6366		0.0333		0.4245		0.8975
Female	0.3363		0.0648		0.3832		0.4063
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.7026		0.0229		0.2438		0.9233
AIAN	0.3242		0.1168		0.8493		0.8160
Asian	0.7982		0.7623		0.7122		0.6904
Black or African American	0.6210		0.5628		0.3977		0.4780
NHPI	*		*		*		*
White	0.9940		0.0188		0.0307		0.8604
Two or More Races	0.1202		0.6430		0.3587		0.8192
Hispanic or Latino	0.2119		0.0982		0.7535		0.2848
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	0.2086		0.0080		0.2579		0.9235
Small Metro	0.0016		0.1971		0.3994		0.3710
Nonmetro	0.4082		0.9229		0.6235		0.4419
Urbanized	0.7849		0.7047		0.5933		0.8590
Less Urbanized	0.3019		0.6570		0.2035		0.4844
Completely Rural	0.2203		*		0.6194		*
* = low precision; -- = not available or not comparable due to methodological or questionnaire changes; da = does not apply; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Youths who did not report their school enrollment status, reported not being enrolled in school in the past 12 months, or reported that they were “home-schooled” in the past 12 months were excluded from the respective analyses. NOTE: Respondents with unknown substance use in grade level data were excluded from the respective analyses. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2023 and 2024.